NMSA section 3-18-7 requires that a county or municipality with identified flood or mudslide hazard areas shall by ordinance:

   A.   Designate and regulate floodplain areas having special flood or mudslide hazards;

   B.   Prescribe standards for constructing, altering, installing or repairing buildings and other improvements under a permit system within a designated flood or mudslide hazard area;

   C.   Require review by the local floodplain manager for development within a designated flood or mudslide hazard area provided final decisions are approved by the local governing body;

   D.   Review subdivision proposals and other new developments within a designated flood or mudslide hazard area to ensure that:

      1.   All such proposals are consistent with the need to minimize flood damage;

      2.   All public utilities and facilities such as sewer, gas, electrical and water systems are designed to minimize or eliminate flood damage; and

      3.   Adequate drainage is provided so as to reduce exposure to flood hazards;

   E.   Require new or replacement water supply systems or sanitary sewage systems within a designated flood or mudslide hazard area to be designed to minimize or eliminate infiltration of floodwaters into the system and discharges from the systems into floodwater and require on site waste disposal systems to be located so as to avoid impairment of them or contamination from them during flooding; and

   F.   Designate and regulate floodways for the passage of floodwaters.

Therefore, the Angel Fire village council of the village of Angel Fire, New Mexico, does ordain the following. (Ord. 2010-15, 11-16-2010)

   A.   The flood hazard areas of the village of Angel Fire are subject to periodic inundation which results in loss of life and property, health and safety hazards, disruption of commerce and governmental services, and extraordinary public expenditures for flood protection and relief, all of which adversely affect the public health, safety and general welfare.

   B.   These flood losses are created by the cumulative effect of obstructions in floodplains which cause an increase in flood heights and velocities, and by the occupancy of flood hazard areas by uses vulnerable to floods and hazardous to other lands because they are inadequately elevated, floodproofed or otherwise protected from flood damage. (Ord. 2010-15, 11-16-2010)

It is the purpose of this chapter to promote the public health, safety and general welfare and to minimize public and private losses due to flood conditions in specific areas by provisions designed to:

   A.   Protect human life and health;

   B.   Minimize expenditures of public money for costly flood control projects;

   C.   Minimize the need for rescue and relief efforts associated with flooding and generally undertaken at the expense of the general public;

   D.   Minimize prolonged business interruptions;

   E.   Minimize damage to public facilities and utilities such as water and gas mains, electric, telephone and sewer lines, streets and bridges located in floodplains;

   F.   Help maintain a stable tax base by providing for the sound use and development of flood prone areas in such a manner as to minimize future flood blight areas; and

   G.   Ensure that potential buyers are notified that property is in a flood area. (Ord. 2010-15, 11-16-2010)

In order to accomplish its purposes, this chapter uses the following methods:

   A.   Restrict or prohibit uses that are dangerous to health, safety or property in times of flood, or cause excessive increases in flood heights or velocities;

   B.   Require that uses vulnerable to floods, including facilities that serve such uses, be protected against flood damage at the time of initial construction;

   C.   Control the alteration of natural floodplains, stream channels, and natural protective barriers, which are involved in the accommodation of floodwaters;

   D.   Control filling, grading, dredging and other development which may increase flood damage;

   E.   Prevent or regulate the construction of flood barriers which will unnaturally divert floodwaters or which may increase flood hazards to other lands. (Ord. 2010-15, 11-16-2010)

Unless specifically defined below, words or phrases used in this chapter shall be interpreted to give them the meaning they have in common usage and to give this chapter its most reasonable application.

ALLUVIAL FAN FLOODING: When flooding occurring on the surface of an alluvial fan or similar landform which originates at the apex and is characterized by high velocity flows, active processes of erosion, sediment transport, and deposition, and unpredictable flow paths.

APEX: When flooding occurring on the surface of an alluvial fan or similar landform below which the flow path of the major stream that formed the fan becomes unpredictable and alluvial fan flooding can occur.

AREA OF SHALLOW FLOODING: A designated AO or AH zone on community's flood insurance rate map (FIRM) with a one percent (1%) chance or greater annual chance of flooding to an average depth of one to three feet (3') where a clearly defined channel does not exist, where the path of flooding is unpredictable and where velocity flow may be evident. Such flooding is characterized by ponding or sheet flow.

AREA OF SPECIAL FLOOD HAZARD: The land in the floodplain within a community subject to a one percent (1%) or greater chance of flooding in any given year. The area may be designated as zone A on the flood hazard boundary map (FHBM). After detailed ratemaking has been completed in preparation for publication of the FIRM, zone A usually is refined into zones A, AE, AH, AO or A1-99.

BASE FLOOD: The flood having a one percent (1%) chance of being equaled or exceeded in any given year.

BASEMENT: Any area of the building having its floor subgrade (below ground level) on all sides.

CRITICAL FEATURE: An integral and readily identifiable part of a flood protection system, without which the flood protection provided by the entire system would be compromised.

DEVELOPMENT: Any manmade change in improved and unimproved real estate, including, but not limited to, buildings or other structures, mining, dredging, filling, grading, paving, excavation or drilling operations or storage of equipment or materials.

ELEVATED BUILDING: A nonbasement building:

A. Built in the case of a building in zones A, AE, AH, AO, A1-99, B, C, X, and D, to have the top of the elevated floor elevated above the ground level by means of pilings, columns (posts and piers), or shear walls parallel to the floor of the water; and

B. Adequately anchored so as not to impair the structural integrity of the building during a flood of up to the magnitude of the base flood. "Elevated building" also includes a building elevated by means of fill or solid foundation perimeter walls with openings sufficient to facilitate the unimpeded movement of floodwaters.

EXISTING CONSTRUCTION: For the purposes of determining rates, structures for which the "start of construction" commenced before the effective date of the FIRM or before January 1, 1975, for FIRMs effective before that date. "Existing construction" may also be referred to as "existing structures".

EXISTING MANUFACTURED HOME PARK OR SUBDIVISION: A manufactured home park or subdivision for which the construction of facilities for servicing the lots on which the manufactured homes are to be affixed (including, at a minimum, the installation of utilities, the construction of streets, and either final site grading or the pouring of concrete pads) is completed before the effective date of the floodplain management regulations adopted by a community.

EXPANSION TO AN EXISTING MANUFACTURED HOME PARK OR SUBDIVISION: The preparation of additional sites by the construction of facilities for servicing the lots on which the manufactured homes are to be affixed (including the installation of utilities, the construction of streets, and either final site grading or the pouring of concrete pads).

FLOOD INSURANCE RATE MAP (FIRM): An official map of a community, on which the federal emergency management agency has delineated both the area of special flood hazards and the risk premium zones applicable to the community.

FLOOD INSURANCE STUDY: The official report provided by the federal emergency management agency. The report contains flood profiles, water surface elevation of the base flood, as well as the flood boundary-floodway map.

FLOOD OR FLOODING: A general and temporary condition of partial or complete inundation of normally dry land areas from the overflow of water, the unusual and rapid accumulation, or the runoff of surface waters from any source.

FLOOD PROTECTION SYSTEM: Those physical structural works for which funds have been authorized, appropriated, and expended and which have been constructed specifically to modify flooding in order to reduce the extent of the areas within a community subject to a "special flood hazard" and the extent of the depths of associated flooding. Such a system typically includes hurricane tidal barriers, dams, reservoirs, levees or dikes. These specialized flood modifying works are those constructed in conformance with sound engineering standards.

FLOODPLAIN MANAGEMENT: The operation of an overall program of corrective and preventive measures for reducing flood damage, including, but not limited to, emergency preparedness plans, flood control works and floodplain management regulations.

FLOODPLAIN MANAGEMENT REGULATIONS: Zoning regulations, subdivision regulations, building codes, health regulations, this chapter, and other applications of police power. The term describes such state and local regulations, in any combination thereof, which provide standards for the purpose of flood damage prevention and reduction.

FLOODPLAIN OR FLOOD PRONE AREAS: Any land area susceptible to being inundated by water from any source (see definition of Flood Or Flooding).

FLOODPROOFING: Any combination of structural and nonstructural additions, changes, or adjustments to structures which reduce or eliminate flood damage to real estate or improved real property, water or sanitary facilities, structures and their contents.

FLOODWAY (REGULATORY FLOODWAY): The channel of a river or other watercourse and the adjacent land areas that must be reserved in order to discharge the base flood without cumulatively increasing the water surface elevation more than a designated height.

FUNCTIONALLY DEPENDENT USE: A use which cannot perform its intended purpose unless it is located or carried out in close proximity to water. The term includes only docking facilities, port facilities that are necessary for the loading and unloading of cargo or passengers, and shipbuilding and ship repair facilities, but does not include long term storage or related manufacturing facilities.

HIGHEST ADJACENT GRADE: The highest natural elevation of the ground surface prior to construction next to the proposed walls of a structure.

HISTORICAL STRUCTURE: Any structure that is:

A. Listed individually in the national register of historic places or preliminarily determined by the secretary of the interior as meeting the requirements for individual listing on the national register;

B. Certified or preliminarily determined by the secretary of the interior as contributing to the historical significance of a registered historic district or a district preliminarily determined by the secretary to qualify as a registered historic district;

C. Individually listed on a state inventory of historic places in states with historic preservation programs which have been approved by the secretary of interior; or

D. Individually listed on a local inventory of historic places in communities with historic preservation programs that have been certified either by an approved state program as determined by the secretary of the interior or directly by the secretary of interior in states without approved programs.

LEVEE: A manmade structure, usually an earthen embankment, designed and constructed in accordance with sound engineering practices to contain, control, or divert the flow of water so as to provide protection from temporary flooding.

LEVEE SYSTEM: A flood protection system which consists of a levee, or levees, and associated structures, such as closure and drainage devices, which are constructed and operated in accordance with sound engineering practices.

LOWEST FLOOR: The lowest floor of the lowest enclosed area (including basement). An unfinished or flood resistant enclosure, usable solely for parking of vehicles, building access or storage in the area other than a basement area is not considered a building's lowest floor; provided that such enclosure is not built so as to render the structure in violation of the applicable nonelevation design requirement of section 60.3 of the national flood insurance program regulations.

MANUFACTURED HOME: A structure transportable in one or more sections, which is built on a permanent chassis and is designed for use with or without a permanent foundation when connected to the required utilities. The term "manufactured home" does not include "recreational vehicle".

MANUFACTURED HOME PARK OR SUBDIVISION: A parcel (or contiguous parcels) of land divided into two (2) or more manufactured home lots for rent or sale.

MEAN SEA LEVEL: For purposes of the national flood insurance program, the national geodetic vertical datum (NGVD) of 1988 or other datum, to which base flood elevations shown on a community's flood insurance rate map are referenced.

NEW CONSTRUCTION: For the purpose of determining insurance rates, structures for which the "start of construction" commenced on or after the effective date of an initial FIRM or after December 31, 1974, whichever is later, and includes any subsequent improvements to such structures. For floodplain management purposes, "new construction" means structures for which the "start of construction" commenced on or after the effective date of a floodplain management regulation adopted by a community and includes any subsequent improvements to such structures.

NEW MANUFACTURED HOME PARK OR SUBDIVISION: A manufactured home park or subdivision for which the construction of facilities for servicing the lots on which the manufactured homes are to be affixed (including, at a minimum, the installation of utilities, the construction of streets, and either final site grading or the pouring of concrete pads) is completed on or after the effective date of floodplain management regulations adopted by a community.

RECREATIONAL VEHICLE: A vehicle which is:

A. Built on a single chassis;

B. Four hundred (400) square feet or less when measured at the largest horizontal projections;

C. Designed to be self-propelled or permanently towable by a light duty truck; and

D. Designed primarily not for use as a permanent dwelling but as temporary living quarters for recreational, camping, travel, or seasonal use.

START OF CONSTRUCTION: Includes substantial improvement and refers to the date the building permit was issued, provided the actual start of construction, repair, reconstruction, rehabilitation, addition, placement, or other improvement was within one hundred eighty (180) days of the permit date. The actual start means either the first placement of permanent construction of a structure on a site, such as the pouring of a slab or footings, the installation of piles, the construction of columns, or any work beyond the stage of excavation; or the placement of a manufactured home on a foundation. Permanent construction does not include land preparation, such as clearing, grading and filling; nor does it include the installation of streets and/or walkways; nor does it include excavation for basement, footings, piers or foundations or the erection of temporary forms; nor does it include the installation on the property of accessory buildings, such as garages or sheds nor occupied as dwelling units or not part of the main structure. For a substantial improvement, the actual start of construction means the first alteration of any wall, ceiling, floor, or other structural part of a building, whether or not that alteration affects the external dimensions of the building.

STRUCTURE: A walled and roofed building, including a gas or liquid storage tank that is principally aboveground, as well as a manufactured home.

SUBSTANTIAL DAMAGE: Damage of any origin sustained by a structure whereby the cost of restoring the structure to its before damaged condition would equal or exceed fifty percent (50%) of the market value of the structure before the damage occurred.

SUBSTANTIAL IMPROVEMENT: Any reconstruction, rehabilitation, addition or other improvement of a structure, the cost of which equals or exceeds fifty percent (50%) of the market value of the structure before "start of construction" of the improvement. This includes structures which have incurred "substantial damage", regardless of the actual repair work performed. The term does not, however, include either:

A. Any project for improvement of a structure to correct existing violations of state or local health, sanitary, or safety code specifications which have been identified by the local code enforcement official and which are the minimum necessary conditions or

B. Any alteration of a "historic structure", provided that the alteration will not preclude the structure's continued designation as a "historic structure".

VARIANCE: A grant of relief to a person from the requirement of this chapter when specific enforcement would result in unnecessary hardship. A variance, therefore, permits construction or development in a manner otherwise prohibited by this chapter. (For full requirements see section 60.6 of the national flood insurance program regulations.)

VIOLATION: The failure of a structure or other development to be fully compliant with the community's floodplain management regulations. A structure or other development without the elevation certificate, other certifications, or other evidence of compliance required in section 60.3(b)(5), (c)(4), (c)(10), (d)(3), (e)(2), (e)(4), or (e)(5) is presumed to be in violation until such time as that documentation is provided.

WATER SURFACE ELEVATION: The height, in relation to the national geodetic vertical datum (NGVD) of 1929 (or other datum, where specified) of floods of various magnitudes and frequencies in the floodplains of coastal or riverine areas. (Ord. 2010-15, 11-16-2010)

This chapter shall apply to all areas of special flood hazard within the jurisdiction of the village of Angel Fire, and other floodplain areas that are adopted by the Angel Fire village council. (Ord. 2010-15, 11-16-2010)

   A.   The areas of special flood hazard identified by the federal emergency management agency in an engineering report entitled, "The Flood Insurance Study For The Village Of Angel Fire", dated November 4, 2010, with accompanying flood insurance rate maps and flood boundary-floodway maps (FIRM and FBFM) are hereby adopted by reference and declared to be a part of this code.

   B.   Other floodplain areas may be designated by the Angel Fire village council upon request by the floodplain administrator. These floodplain areas may be determined in one of two (2) ways. Floodplains may be delineated by accepted hydrologic and hydraulic practices or floodplains may be areas flooded by a historic flood.

   C.   Before floodplains other than special flood hazard areas designated by the Federal Emergency Management Agency may be adopted, they must be approved by the Federal Emergency Management Agency for floodplain management purposes.

   D.   If the base flood (100-year flood) has been determined for a stream reach, in no case shall a floodplain be adopted that has a flood elevation lower than the base flood elevation. (Ord. 2010-15, 11-16-2010)

A floodplain use permit shall be required to ensure conformance with the provisions of this chapter. (Ord. 2010-15, 11-16-2010)

No structure or land shall hereafter be located, altered, or have its use changed without full compliance with the terms of this chapter and other applicable regulations. (Ord. 2010-15, 11-16-2010)

No structure or land shall hereafter be constructed, located, extended, converted, or altered without full compliance with the terms of this chapter and other applicable regulations. Violation of all provisions of this chapter by failure to comply with any of its requirements (including violations of conditions and safeguards established in connection with conditions) shall constitute a misdemeanor. Any person who violates this chapter or fails to comply with any of its requirements shall be subject to section 1-4-1 of this Code, and in addition shall pay all costs and expenses involved in the case. (Ord. 2010-15, 11-16-2010)

This chapter is not intended to repeal, abrogate, or impair any existing easements, covenants, or deed restrictions. However, where this chapter and other code sections, easement, covenant, or deed restriction conflict or overlap, whichever imposes the more stringent restrictions shall prevail. (Ord. 2010-15, 11-16-2010)

The degree of flood protection required by this chapter is considered reasonable for regulatory purposes and is based on scientific and engineering considerations. On rare occasions greater floods can and will occur and flood heights may be increased by manmade or natural causes. This chapter does not imply that land outside the areas of special flood hazards or uses permitted within such areas will be free from flooding or flood damages. This chapter shall not create liability on the part of the community or any official or employee thereof for any flood damages that result from reliance on this chapter and any administrative decision lawfully made thereunder. (Ord. 2010-15, 11-16-2010)

The Coordinator of Planning is hereby appointed the Floodplain Administrator to administer and implement the provisions of this chapter and other appropriate sections of 44 CFR (national flood insurance program regulations) pertaining to floodplain management. (Ord. 2018-03, 9-11-2018)

Duties and responsibilities of the Floodplain Administrator shall include, but not be limited to, the following:

   A.   Maintaining and holding open for public inspection all records pertaining to the provisions of this chapter.

   B.   Ensuring that all floodplain use permits are reviewed by a certified Floodplain Manager.

   C.   Reviewing development permit applications to determine whether proposed building site, including the placement of manufactured homes, will be reasonably safe from flooding.

   D.   Reviewing and approving or denying all applications for floodplain use permits required by adoption of this chapter.

   E.   Reviewing permits for proposed development to assure that all necessary permits have been obtained from those Federal, State or local government agencies (including section 404 of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act amendment from which prior approval is required).

   F.   Where interpretation is needed as to the exact location of the boundaries of the areas of special flood hazards (for example, where there appears to be a conflict between a mapped boundary and actual field conditions) the floodplain administrator shall make the necessary interpretation.

   G.   Notifying, in riverine situations, adjacent communities and the New Mexico department of homeland security and emergency management prior to any alterations or relocation of a watercourse, and submit evidence of notification to the federal emergency management agency.

   H.   Assuring that the flood carrying capacity within the altered or relocated portion of any watercourse is maintained.

   I.   When base flood elevation data has not been provided in accordance with section 9-16-7 of this chapter, the floodplain administrator shall obtain, review and reasonably utilize any base flood elevation data and floodway data available from a federal, state or other source, in order to administer the provisions of section 9-16-18 of this chapter.

   J.   When a regulatory floodway has not been designated, the floodplain administrator must require that no new construction, substantial improvement, or other development (including fill) shall be permitted within zones A1-30 and AE on the community's FIRM, unless it is demonstrated that the cumulative effect of the proposed development, when combined with all other existing and anticipated development, will not increase the water surface elevation of the base flood more than one foot (1') at any point within the community.

   K.   Under the provisions of 44 CFR chapter 1, section 65.12, of the national flood insurance program regulations, a community may approve certain development in zones A1-30, AE, AH, on the community's FIRM which increases the water surface elevation of the base flood by more than one foot (1'), provided that the community first applies for a conditional FIRM revision through FEMA (conditional letter of map revision). (Ord. 2010-15, 11-16-2010)

Application for a floodplain use permit shall be presented to the floodplain administrator on forms furnished by him/her and may include, but not be limited to, plans in duplicate drawn to scale showing the location, dimensions, and elevation of proposed landscape alterations, existing and proposed structures, including the placement of manufactured homes, and the locations of the foregoing in relation to areas of special flood hazard. Additionally, the following information is required:

   A.   In zones A or AO or designated floodplains where no base flood elevation is provided:

      1.   The elevation of the lowest floor of any building above the highest adjacent grade.

      2.   Description of the extent to which any watercourse or natural drainage will be altered or relocated as a result of proposed development.

      3.   Maintain a record of all such information in accordance with subsection 9-16-14A of this chapter.

   B.   In zones AE, AH, or A1-A30 or other designated floodplain where a base flood elevation is provided:

      1.   Elevation (in relation to mean sea level) of the lowest floor (including basement) of all new and substantially improved structures;

      2.   Elevation in relation to mean sea level to which any nonresidential structure shall be floodproofed;

      3.   A certificate from a registered professional engineer or architect that the nonresidential floodproofed structure shall meet the floodproofing criteria of subsection 9-16-18B2 of this chapter;

      4.   Description of the extent to which any watercourse or natural drainage will be altered or relocated as a result of proposed development;

      5.   Maintain a record of all such information in accordance with subsection 9-16-14A of this chapter.

   C.   Approval or denial of a development permit by the floodplain administrator shall be based on all of the provisions of this chapter and the following relevant factors:

      1.   The danger of life and property due to flooding or erosion damage;

      2.   The susceptibility of the proposed facility and its contents to flood damage and the effect of such damage on the individual owner;

      3.   The danger that materials may be swept onto other lands to the injury of others;

      4.   The compatibility of the proposed use with existing and anticipated development;

      5.   The safety of access to the property in times of flood for ordinary and emergency vehicles;

      6.   The costs of providing governmental services during and after flood conditions including maintenance and repair of streets and bridges, and public utilities and facilities such as sewer, gas, electrical and water systems;

      7.   The expected heights, velocity, duration, rate of rise and sediment transport of the floodwaters;

      8.   The availability of alternative locations, not subject to flooding or erosion damage, for the proposed use;

      9.   The relationship of the proposed use to the comprehensive plan for that area. (Ord. 2010-15, 11-16-2010)

   A.   The floodplain administrator shall require that the owner of a new or substantially improved building in a floodplain provide a FEMA elevation certificate or a FEMA floodproofing certificate for such building prior to issuance of a certificate of occupancy.

   B.   The floodplain administrator will review all FEMA elevation certificates and floodproofing certificates for completeness and correctness.

   C.   The floodplain administrator shall maintain a file of all FEMA elevation certificates and floodproofing certificates and make them available to the public upon request. (Ord. 2010-15, 11-16-2010)

   A.   The Angel Fire village council shall hear and render judgment on requests for variances from the requirements of this chapter.

   B.   The Angel Fire village council shall hear and render judgment on an appeal only when it is alleged there is an error in any requirement, decision, or determination made by the floodplain administrator in the enforcement or administration of this chapter.

   C.   Any person or persons aggrieved by the decision of the Angel Fire village council may appeal such decision in the courts of competent jurisdiction.

   D.   The floodplain administrator shall maintain a record of all actions involving an appeal and shall report variances to the federal emergency management agency upon request.

   E.   Variances may be issued for the reconstruction, rehabilitation or restoration of structures listed on the national register of historic places or the state inventory of historic places, without regard to the procedures set forth in the remainder of this chapter.

   F.   Variances may be issued for new construction and substantial improvements to be erected on a lot of one-half (1/2) acre or less in size contiguous to and surrounded by lots with existing structures constructed below the base flood level, providing the relevant factors in subsection 9-16-15C of this chapter have been fully considered. As the lot size increases beyond the one-half (1/2) acre, the technical justification required for issuing the variance increases.

   G.   Upon consideration of the factors noted above and the intent of this chapter, the village council may attach such conditions to the granting of variances as it deems necessary to further the purpose and objectives of this chapter, as set out in section 9-16-3 of this chapter.

   H.   Variances shall not be issued within designated floodway if any increase in flood levels during the base flood discharge would result.

   I.   Variances may be issued for the repair or rehabilitation of historic structures upon a determination that the proposed repair or rehabilitation will not preclude the structure's continued designation as a historic structure and the variance is the minimum necessary to preserve the historic character and design of the structure.

   J.   Prerequisites for granting variances:

      1.   Variances shall only be issued upon a determination that the variance is the minimum necessary, considering the flood hazard, to afford relief.

      2.   Variances shall only be issued upon:

         a.   Showing a good and sufficient cause;

         b.   A determination that failure to grant the variance would result in exceptional hardship to the applicant; and

         c.   A determination that the granting of a variance will not result in increased flood heights, additional threats to public safety, extraordinary public expense, create nuisances, cause fraud on or victimization of the public, or conflict with existing local laws.

      3.   Any applicant to whom a variance is granted shall be given written notice that the structure will be permitted to be built with the lowest floor elevation below the base flood elevation, and that the cost of flood insurance will be commensurate with the increased risk resulting from the reduced lowest floor elevation.

   K.   Variances may be issued by the village for new construction and substantial improvement and for other development necessary for the conduct of a functionally dependent use provided that:

      1.   The criteria outlined in subsection 9-16-15C of this chapter are met, and

      2.   The structure or other development is protected by methods that minimize flood damages during the base flood and create no additional threats to public safety. (Ord. 2010-15, 11-16-2010)

   A.   General Standards: In all areas of special flood hazards the following provisions are required for all new construction and substantial improvements:

      1.   All new construction or substantial improvements shall be designed (or modified) and adequately anchored to prevent flotation, collapse or lateral movement of the structure resulting from hydrodynamic and hydrostatic loads, including the effects of buoyancy;

      2.   All new construction or substantial improvements shall be constructed by methods and practices that minimize flood damage;

      3.   All new construction or substantial improvements shall be constructed with materials resistant to flood damage;

      4.   All new construction or substantial improvements shall be constructed with electrical, heating, ventilation, plumbing, and air conditioning equipment and other service facilities that are designed and/or located so as to prevent water from entering or accumulating within the components during conditions of flooding.

   B.   Specific Standards:

      1.   In A zones and other designated floodplains where no base flood elevation is provided, the following provisions are provided:

         a.   All new construction and substantial improvement of any structure, including manufactured housing, shall be built or placed on compacted fill that is at least two feet (2') above the highest adjacent grade prior to any disturbance of the building site. Such fill shall extend at least ten feet (10') from the walls of the structure before it drops below the two foot (2') elevation. All residential structures shall have positive drainage away from the structures. The finished floor of the structure shall be at least one foot (1') above the elevation of the fill.

         b.   New construction and substantial improvements, with areas below the lowest floor that are usable solely for parking of vehicles, building access or storage in an area other than a basement and which is subject to flooding shall not be enclosed.

      2.   In all areas of special flood hazards where base flood elevation data has been provided as set forth in section 9-16-7 and subsection 9-16-14I of this chapter and subsection C3 of this section, the following provisions are required:

         a.   All New Construction: New construction and substantial improvement of any structure, including manufactured housing, shall be built or placed on compacted fill that is at least as high as the base flood elevation. Such fill shall extend at least ten feet (10') from the walls of the structure before it drops below the base flood elevation. All residential structures shall have positive drainage away from the structures.

         b.   Residential Construction: New construction and substantial improvement of any residential structure shall have the lowest floor (including basement), elevated to at least one foot (1') above the basement elevation. A registered professional engineer, architect or land surveyor shall submit a certification to the floodplain administrator that the standard of this subsection as proposed in subsection 9-16-15B1 of this chapter is satisfied.

         c.   Nonresidential Construction: New construction and substantial improvements of any commercial, industrial or other nonresidential structure meet the requirements for residential construction.

         d.   Enclosures: New construction and substantial improvements, with areas below the lowest floor that are usable solely for parking of vehicles, building access or storage in an area other than a basement and which is subject to flooding shall not be enclosed.

   C.   Standards For Subdivision Proposals:

      1.   All subdivision proposals including the placement of manufactured home parks and subdivisions shall be consistent with sections 9-16-2, 9-16-3, and 9-16-4 of this chapter.

      2.   All proposals for the development of subdivisions including the placement of manufactured home parks and subdivisions shall meet development permit requirements of sections 9-16-8 and 9-16-15 of this chapter and this section.

      3.   Base flood elevation data shall be generated for subdivision proposals and other proposed development including the placement of manufactured home parks and subdivisions which is greater than fifty (50) lots or five (5) acres, whichever is lesser, if not otherwise provided pursuant to section 9-16-7 or subsection 9-16-14I of this chapter.

      4.   All subdivision proposals including the placement of manufactured home parks and subdivisions shall have adequate drainage to reduce exposure to flood hazards.

      5.   All subdivision proposals including the placement of manufactured home parks and subdivisions shall have public utilities and facilities such as sewer, gas, electrical and water system located and constructed to minimize or eliminate flood damage.

   D.   Standards For Utilities:

      1.   All new and replacement water supply and sanitary sewage systems shall be designed to minimize or eliminate infiltration of floodwaters into the systems and discharge from the systems into floodwaters.

      2.   All new water wells shall:

         a.   Either have the casing extend at least one foot (1') above the base flood elevation or be sealed so that floodwater cannot enter the casing.

         b.   Have all electrical controls and devices elevated at least one foot (1') above the base flood elevation or have such electrical controls and devices floodproofed to at least one foot (1') above the base flood elevation.

      3.   On site waste disposal systems shall be located to avoid impairment to them or contamination from them during flooding.

      4.   Septic tank located within floodplains shall:

         a.   Be anchored to prevent flotation in the event that the ground is saturated from the bottom of the tank to ground level;

         b.   Be sealed so that water will not infiltrate the tank;

         c.   Be sealed so that the sewage will not escape the tank; and

         d.   Have one-way valves to prevent sewage from leaving the tank if the tank is inundated and the ground is saturated from the bottom of the tank to ground level. (Ord. 2010-15, 11-16-2010)