Bath City Zoning Code
ARTICLE XVII
Off-Street Parking and Loading; Access Drives
§ 675-118 New and existing uses.
Adequate off-street parking spaces and loading areas shall be provided for all new construction and uses. Prior to performing any driveway, parking lot, or grading excavation, the developer must comply with the grading and excavation plan submission requirements of Article XVIII of this chapter, or else demonstrate that the work falls within one or more of the exceptions thereto.
A.
Every parcel or lot used as a public or private parking garage, lot or loading area and all off-street parking and loading areas shall be developed, maintained and used in accordance with the provisions set forth in this article.
B.
All uses shall meet the off-street parking and loading requirements set forth in this article, except that there shall be no off-street parking requirements for nonresidential uses lawfully existing as of the date of adoption of this chapter [May 2, 2011] in the C-N Zoning District; and further, that there shall be no additional off-street parking required for new and expanded business uses in the Parking Overlay District beyond that which exists on January 1, 2013.
[Amended 3-4-2013 by Ord. No. 2013-628]
§ 675-119 Design and construction.
A.
All nonparallel parking spaces shall be at least nine feet wide and 18 feet long, exclusive of aisle space. Uses attracting large vehicles shall provide proportionately larger spaces.
B.
All parallel parking spaces shall be at least 22 feet long and nine feet wide. Uses attracting large vehicles shall provide proportionately larger spaces.
C.
Parking areas shall be designed so that a vehicle may proceed to and from it without requiring the movement of any other vehicle.
D.
The minimum width of aisles providing access to parking spaces shall be:
Minimum Aisle Width (feet) | ||
|---|---|---|
Angle of Parking | One-Way Traffic | Two-Way Traffic |
Parallel | 12 | 22 |
Less than 45° | 17 | 24 |
45 to 60° | 19 | 24 |
60 to 90° | 22 | 24 |
E.
All parking areas shall be: adequately graded; drained, paved with a hard surface such as macadam, concrete, etc.; maintained annually; designed to channel, divert and/or retain stormwater runoff to prevent or minimize flooding both upstream and downstream and not adversely affect the rate of flow; and shall take into consideration the effect of future development within the watershed in assuring compliance with the provisions of this section and, when applicable, Act 167. See Article XVIII of this chapter for grading and excavation requirements, plan requirements, and exceptions.
F.
All parking areas shall be confined within concrete curbing, guardrails or anchored bumper blocks. Concrete curbing may be required to control stormwater runoff.
G.
All parking spaces shall be clearly marked.
H.
All parking areas, accessways and driveways, except those provided for single-family detached, semidetached and single-family attached dwelling units, shall be adequately illuminated during the hours between sunset and sunrise.
I.
Required parking spaces shall be located in a rear yard, except for residential uses. Parking spaces shall not occupy any front yard area unless, if rear yard parking is, in the opinion of the Zoning Officer, demonstrated to be impractical or unfeasible due to difficulty of access.
J.
In no case shall parking spaces be located within the required setback. Spaces must be permanently surfaced and where nonresidential parking and loading abuts a residential use, it must be effectively screened.
K.
All nonresidential off-street parking areas designed for more than 20 vehicles, and all off-street loading areas, shall be effectively screened on any side facing a public right-of-way, and shall be screened on each side which adjoins or faces premises situate in any residential zone or premises used for residential, hospital or institutional purposes with a fence, wall or compact hedge. Such fence, wall or hedge shall not be less than four feet in height (excepting clear sight triangles, where the maximum height shall be 26 inches), no solid portion thereof shall be more than six feet in height, and each shall be maintained in good condition and provide year-round screening.
L.
All off-street parking areas which shall provide parking for 20 or more vehicles shall be provided with shade trees, which shall be located in a planned manner within the parking area in a quantity equal to not less than one shade tree for every 10 parking spaces.
M.
The space between any fence, wall or hedge, and the property line of the premises, shall be landscaped with grass, shrubs or evergreen ground cover and maintained in good condition.
N.
Any and all lighting required by this section and located on a nonresidential lot shall not project onto any residential lot.
O.
No part of any parking area for more than five vehicles shall be closer than 10 feet to any dwelling, school, hospital or other institution for human care unless the parking area is covered or within a principal structure.
P.
Parking areas not on the same lot as the principal building served by it shall be located no more than 200 feet from the principal building and not be closer to the street line than the applicable front yard setback for principal structures situate in that zoning district.
Q.
A fence or hedge required for screening shall be set back from each street the same distance as a building wall, to assure compliance with the front yard and side yard building requirements of each zoning district.
§ 675-120 Off-street parking standards.
A.
Except as otherwise provided in this chapter regarding new and expanded business uses within the Parking Overlay Zone, off-street parking shall be provided in accordance with the provisions of this section:
[Amended 3-4-2013 by Ord. No. 2013-628]
(1)
Amusement facilities (recreation) or arcade: one space for each 100 square feet of total floor area or one space for each four persons using the facility at the projected peak hour of use.
(2)
Attached dwellings: 2 1/2 spaces for each family or dwelling unit.
(3)
Banks and fiduciary institutions: one space for each 250 square feet of floor area.
(4)
Bed-and-breakfast facilities: one space for each one guest bedroom plus two additional parking spaces.
(5)
Bowling alleys: three spaces for each bowling lane.
(6)
Business and professional offices: one space for each 200 square feet of floor area.
(7)
Churches and similar establishments: one space for each four seats in the sanctuary or main meeting room.
(8)
Clubs, lodges, social buildings: one space for each 1 1/2 permitted seats.
(9)
Day-care and child-care facilities:
(a)
Child day-care home occupation: at least one space for every 100 square feet of area devoted to the home occupation, in addition to those spaces required for the home residential parking requirements.
(b)
Family day-care home (four to six unrelated children): one space for every 100 square feet of floor area used for the business, in addition to one dropoff space and the spaces necessary for the residential use of the structure and one space for every employee and the owner.
(c)
Group day-care home (seven to 12 unrelated children): at least one space for every 100 square feet devoted to the business, in addition two dropoff spaces and one space for deliveries.
(d)
Group child day-care center (over 12 children): at least one space for each owner and one space for each employee of the facility, and one space for each three children, and at least one dedicated off-street loading/unloading zone for deliveries.
(10)
Detached dwellings: 2 1/2 spaces for each family or dwelling unit.
(11)
Dormitories, fraternities, sororities: one space for every three beds.
(12)
Hospitals, convalescent homes, homes for the aged and similar uses: one space for every four beds and one space for each two employees.
(13)
Industrial establishments: one space for each two employees of the maximum working shift.
(14)
Laundromats: one space for each three washing machines.
(15)
Medical and dental clinics: three spaces for each doctor or dentist.
(16)
Mortuaries and funeral homes: two spaces for each 50 square feet of floor area of slumber rooms and parlors.
(17)
Motor vehicle sales and repair: one space for each 300 square feet of floor area.
(18)
Motels: one space per rental unit and an additional one space for each two employees.
(19)
Garden apartments: 1 1/2 spaces for each family or dwelling unit.
[Amended 8-2-2021 by Ord. No. 2021-709]
(20)
Parking garages, in addition to that provided for parking of customers vehicles: one space for each employee on the maximum work shift.
(21)
Places of public assembly not having fixed seating: one space for every six persons who may legally be admitted therein at one time under the state fire prevention laws.
(22)
Places of public assembly with fixed seating: one space for every four seats.
(23)
Public buildings: one space for each 200 square feet of total floor area.
(24)
Residential conversions: 2 1/2 spaces for each family or dwelling unit.
(25)
Restaurants (indoor service or dive-in), taverns and nightclubs: one space for each three seats permitted and one space for every two full-time employees.
(26)
Retail stores, group stores and shops: one space for each 150 square feet of floor area.
(27)
Schools: one space for each 3.5 seats in the auditorium or one space for each 17 classroom seats, whichever is greater, one space for each employee and adequate space for buses and deliveries.
(28)
Supermarkets and department stores: one space for each 100 feet of floor area.
(29)
Wholesale establishments or warehouses: one space for each two employees of a maximum working shift and one space for each company vehicle.
(30)
Multifamily dwellings: 2 1/2 spaces for each family or dwelling unit.
[Added 8-2-2021 by Ord. No. 2021-709]
B.
When a computation or the number or required spaces results in a fraction, such fraction shall be resolved to the next highest whole number.
C.
Where a building contains a number of uses or activities that require off-street parking, the number or spaces required shall be the aggregate sum of that which would be required for each use individually.
D.
The collective provision for off-street parking by two or more buildings or uses located on adjacent industrial or commercial class district lots is permitted, provided there is a recorded right for the adjacent properties to continue using those facilities so long as either use or building continues to exist and that the total facilities available shall not be less than the sum required of the various buildings or uses computed separately.
E.
Variances may be granted to the aforementioned off-street parking standards only when the applicant proves that the requirements would create unneeded parking. Such variances shall, however, be conditional variances indicating that all required parking spaces shall be reestablished at such time as the Zoning Officer deems the same appropriate. Accordingly, sufficient area shall be reserved for such purpose.
F.
For the purposes of this article, the number of employees of a use shall be based on the estimated maximum daily or maximum eight-hour shift requirements in a twenty-four-hour period.
§ 675-121 Off-street loading spaces.
A.
Any and all off-street loading spaces shall have dimensions not less than 12 feet in width, 50 feet in length and 14 feet in height. Off-street loading spaces shall be provided in addition to off-street parking spaces and shall not be counted as or considered as off-street parking spaces.
B.
Off-street loading spaces shall be designed so as to provide adequate space for standing, turning, loading and unloading and shall not interfere with the public use of the streets and alleys when avoidable.
C.
Off-street loading spaces shall be provided according to the following table unless the description of use suggests a more substantial number of spaces as determined by Council:
Loading and Unloading Space Required in Terms of Square Feet of Floor Area | |
|---|---|
Floor Area (square feet) | Spaces Required |
0 to 4,000 | None |
4,001 to 20,000 | 1 space |
20,001 to 100,000 | 1 space for the first 20,000 square feet plus 1 space for each additional 20,000 square feet up to 100,000 square feet |
100,001 to 500,000 | 5 spaces plus 1 space for each 40,000 square feet in excess of 100,000 square feet up to 500,000 square feet |
Over 500,000 | 15 spaces plus 1 space for each 80,000 square feet in excess of 500,000 square feet |
D.
Floor area, as used in Subsection C above, for offices, trade or service types of uses shall mean the gross floor area used or intended to be used for service to the public and shall also include areas occupied by fixtures and equipment used for display or sale of merchandise. The term "floor area" shall not include areas used principally for nonpublic purposes such as storage, incidental repair, processing or packaging of merchandise, show windows, offices incidental to the management or maintenance of storage or buildings, restrooms, utilities, dressing rooms, fitting or alteration rooms.
§ 675-122 Additional provisions.
It shall be a violation of this chapter for any firm or corporation to use any structure without acquiring such land as is necessary to permit vehicle parking and loading space which meets the requirements of this chapter. When off-street parking is required and cannot be provided within the principal structure or on the same lot as the principal structure, but can be provided on another parcel or property, such parcel or property provided for and utilized for off-street parking shall be owned by the owner of the principal structure or, in the alternative, shall be restricted be recorded agreement to off-street parking purposes during the lifetime of the principal structure, or as long as off-street parking is required for such principal structure in accordance with the terms of this section. Each permitted use shall not have more than the number of access driveways authorized for that use. Insofar as possible, the use of common accessways by two or more adjoining premises shall be permitted in order to reduce the number of access points along the street. No accessway in a business or manufacturing zone shall be nearer than 50 feet from the nearest curbline intersecting two streets. In a business or manufacturing zone, no accessway shall be less than 20 feet nor more than 36 feet in width. In a residential zone, accessways shall not be less than eight feet nor more than 20 feet in width.