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Braddock Hills City Zoning Code

PART 6

DEFINITIONS

§ 27-601 General Definitions.

[Ord. 2-1991, 7/12/1991]
Certain words used in this Chapter are defined below. Words used in the present tense shall include the future. The singular number shall include the plural, and plural the singular. The word "shall" is mandatory and not permissive.

§ 27-602 Specific Definitions.

[Ord. 2-1991, 7/12/1991; as amended by Ord. 5-1992, -/-/1992; by Ord. 5-1998, 8/12/1998; by Ord. 2-2000, 5/11/2000; by Ord. 1-2011, 1/20/2011; by Ord. 3-2013, 8/22/2013; and by Ord. 1-2019, 4/9/2019]
ABANDONED
A structure which is not occupied and not protected from the weather or animals, and which may be a nuisance attractive to children.
ACCESSORY STRUCTURE
A subordinate structure, located on the same lot as the main structure, or a portion of the main structure, the use of which is clearly incidental to and customarily found in connection with the main structure or principal use of the land.
ACCESSORY USE
A subordinate use which is clearly incidental and related to that of a main structure or main use of land.
AGRICULTURE
Any use of land or structures for farming, dairying, pasturage, agriculture, horticulture, floriculture, arboriculture, or animal or poultry husbandry. Uses permitted in conjunction with an agricultural use may include barns, stables, corn cribs, silos and any other use or structure that is clearly related to an agricultural operator.
AMUSEMENT USE
A theater, stadium, arena, bowling alley, or related facility for the presentation of musical, theatrical or sporting events where the number of spectators normally is greater than the number of players and where such use is not accessory to a school or church.
ANCILLARY RESTAURANT
A restaurant which is located within an industrial park or office center having a floor area of not more than 3,000 square feet, and intended primarily to serve the employees of the complex within which it is located.
APARTMENT
A dwelling unit in a multiple-family residential structure containing three or more dwelling units.
ASSISTED LIVING FACILITY
Any premises in which food, shelter, personal care, assistance of supervision and supplemental health care services are provided for a period exceeding 24 hours for four or more adults who are not relatives of the operator and who require assistance or supervision in such matters as dressing, bathing, diet, financial management, evacuation from the residence in the event of an emergency or medication prescribed for self administration.
AUTOMOBILE SALVAGE
The dismantling or wrecking of used motor vehicles, trucks, trailers, farm equipment or mobile homes, or the storage, sale or dumping of dismantled or partially dismantled, obsolete, or wrecked vehicles or their parts.
BASEMENT
A story partly below ground and having 40% or more of its height below the average level of the adjoining ground.
BASIC GRADE
A reference plane representing the average of the finished ground level adjoining a structure at all its exterior walls.
BILLBOARD
An off-premises sign which advertises an establishment, an activity, a product or a service which is unrelated to or unavailable on the lot upon which the sign is located. A billboard shall include an electronic sign panel to the extent that the content of the electronic sign panel satisfies the requirements of this section. The dimensional, construction and operational requirements for a billboard shall be as set forth in Part 4, Conditional Uses and Planned Developments, § 27-408, Criteria for Approval of a Billboard.
BOARD
The Zoning Hearing Board of the Borough of Braddock Hills.
BUILDABLE AREA
That portion of a zoning lot bounded by and exclusive of the required front, side, and rear yards.
BUSINESS SERVICES
A service shop or office providing services and sales of office supplies and equipment where the repair and maintenance of equipment is limited, and does not include manufacturing or industrial operations.
CEMETERY
Land used or intended to be used for the interment of human remains and dedicated for cemetery purposes, including crematories, mausoleums, and mortuaries when operated in conjunction with and within the boundary of such cemetery.
CHANGEABLE COPY SIGN
A sign that is designed so that characters, letters or illustrations can be changed or rearranged, either manually or electronically, to change the message on the sign without altering the face or surface of the sign. An electronic sign panel when used as part of a billboard is not a changeable copy sign.
CHILD CARE CENTER
Any place, home, or institution which cares for four or more children under the age of 16 years apart from their parents, guardians, or custodians for regular periods of time for compensation; provided, however, that the term "child care center" shall not include or apply to bona fide schools, custody fixed by a court, children related by blood or marriage within the third degree of the custodial person, or churches and other religious or public institutions caring for children within an institutional building.
CHURCH
This term includes any or all of the following: church, manse, rectory, convent, parish school or similar building incidental to the particular use; school for religious education; convents and other buildings for the housing of students, teachers, communicants and domestic or maintenance employees.
CLUB
An organization comprised mainly of the residents of the neighborhood in which it is located, the primary purpose of which is the advancement of its members or of the community in education, cultural or civic pursuits and activities.
COMMON OPEN SPACE
A parcel of land integral to a planned residential development and subject to provisions which assure the continued availability and maintenance of such open space for the use and benefit of the residents of the planned development.
COMMUNITY HOME
A group of more than eight unrelated disabled persons living together as a single housekeeping unit with shared common facilities. If required, staff persons may reside on the premises. For the purpose of this definition, "disabled" means "handicapped" as defined according to the Fair Housing Act Amendments of 1988, 42 U.S.C. § 3602(h), and any amendments thereto. This use does not include Custodial Care Facilities.
COMMUNITY USE
A playground or related recreation facility, public building or public maintenance facility.
CONDITIONAL USE
A specific exception to the standard regulations of this Chapter which requires approval by the Council under terms and procedures and with conditions prescribed herein.
CONSTRUCTION
The construction, reconstruction, renovation, repair, extension, expansion, alteration, or relocation of a building or structure, including the placement of mobile homes.
CONSTRUCTION BUSINESS
A commercial establishment storing or offering for sale building supplies, steel supplies, coal, heavy equipment, feed and grain, and similar goods, but not including the wrecking, salvaging, dismantling or storage of junked automobiles and similar vehicles.
COUNCIL
The governing body of the Borough of Braddock Hills.
CUSTODIAL CARE FACILITY
A facility providing custodial care and treatment in a protective living environment for persons residing by court placement, including, without limitation, post-correctional facilities, juvenile detention facilities, and temporary detention facilities. This includes halfway houses and similar facilities for people on probation or parole who have been placed there as a condition of a judicial order. This also includes facilities where persons are aided in readjusting to society following a period of hospitalization or institutionalized treatment for medical, psychiatric, developmental, emotional or other disability or handicap.
DATA PROCESSING OFFICES
A business which provides electronic or mail transfers of large quantities of financial records.
DEVELOPER
A landowner, or holder of an agreement to purchase land, lessee or other person having a proprietary interest in land or the heirs, successor, assigns of such person who has filed an application for the use, improvement or development of any parcel or structure under this Chapter.
DEVELOPMENT
Any man-made change to improved or unimproved real estate including, but not limited to, buildings or other structures, streets, and other paving, utilities, filling, grading, excavation, mining, dredging or drilling operations and the subdivision of land.
DEVELOPMENT PLAN
A graphic and written presentation of a planned residential development including a plat of subdivision, and all provisions relating to use, location, and bulk of structures, intensity of development, streets, ways and parking facilities, common open space and public facilities.
DISPLAY LIGHTING
Lighting separate and apart from a sign panel whose purpose is to illuminate the sign panel in order to allow for viewing the copy thereon. An electronic sign panel which displays and generates its own copy electronically is not display lighting.
DRIVE-IN RESTAURANT
A fast food restaurant characterized by a limited menu and primarily catering to drive-in traffic.
DWELLING UNIT
One or more living or sleeping rooms with cooking and sanitary facilities for one person or one family.
ELECTRONIC SIGN PANEL
A computerized digital message panel using light emitting diodes or similar technology which displays an advertising message and can be remotely controlled by the owner or operator and does not require display lighting to show its message.
ESSENTIAL SERVICE
The erection, construction, alteration or maintenance by public utilities, public authorities or municipal or other governmental agencies of underground or overhead gas, electrical, steam or water transmission or distributive system, collection, communication, supply or disposal systems and their essential buildings.
FAMILY
Either an individual, or two or more persons related by blood or marriage or adoption, or a group of not more than five persons not so related (not counting servants) occupying a premises and living as a single housekeeping unit as distinguished from a group occupying a boarding house, lodging house, club, fraternity, or hotel.
FLOOR AREA
In a dwelling, the sum of the horizontal areas of all rooms used for habitation but not including cellars, attics, unheated rooms, nor rooms without either a skylight or window. In a store, shop, restaurant, club or funeral home, the sum of the horizontal areas of all space to which the customer has access and excluding storage, office, other preparation or administrative spaces. Gross floor area is the sum of the horizontal area of all floors of a structure and its accessory buildings as measured between the exterior faces of walls.
FRONT YARD DEPTH
The prescribed minimum open space extending across the entire width of the lot between the front line of building and street right-of-way.
GARDEN APARTMENT
A multiple-family residential structure containing three or more dwelling units having a height no greater than three stories.
GAS STATION
A premises providing fuel and minor accessories and services to automobiles, but not including major overhaul, spray painting, recapping or tires, or auto wrecking.
GROUP RESIDENCE
A dwelling facility operated for not more than 15 persons plus staff, living together as a single family or as a single housekeeping unit.
HAZARDOUS MATERIAL
Any of the following materials or substances: acetone, ammonia, benzene, calcium carbide, carbon disulfide, celluloid, chlorine, hydrochloric acid, hydrocyanic acid, magnesium, nitric acid, nitric oxides, petroleum products, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, sulphur, sulphur products, pesticides, insecticides, fungicides, and all poisons, flammable gasses and radioactive substances.
HEIGHT
The vertical distance from basic grade at the front wall of a structure to the highest point of the coping of a flat roof or to the deck line of a mansard roof, or to the mean height level between eaves and ridge for gable, hip or gambrel roofs.
HILLSIDE DWELLING
A residential structure used as a single-family dwelling, or for attached single-family dwellings which is located on a lot having a slope of more than 20% on not less than 25% or more of the land in its buildable area.
HOTEL/MOTEL
An establishment used, maintained or advertised as a place where sleeping accommodations are supplied for short-term rent to tenants, in which rooms are furnished for accommodation of such guests and which exclude individual kitchen facilities. In addition, this includes accessing uses consistent with such establishments generally, including, but not limited to, meeting rooms at restaurants.
LAND DEVELOPMENT
The improvement of one lot or two or more contiguous lots, tracts, or parcels of land for any purpose involving:
A. 
A group of two or more residential or non-residential buildings, whether proposed initially or cumulatively, or a single non-residential building on a lot or lots regardless of the number of occupants or tenure.
B. 
The division or allocation of land or space, whether initially or cumulatively, between or among two or more existing or prospective occupants by means of, or for the purpose of streets, common areas, leaseholds, condominiums, building groups or other features.
LIGHT MANUFACTURING
The processing and fabrication of certain materials and products where no process involved will produce noise, vibration, air pollution, fire hazard, or noxious emission which will disturb or endanger neighboring properties. "Light manufacturing" includes the production of the following goods: home appliances; electrical instruments; office machines; precision instruments; electronic devices; timepieces; jewelry; optical goods; musical instruments; novelties; wood products; printed material; lithographic plates; type composition; machine tools; dies and gauges; ceramics; apparel; lightweight non-ferrous metal castings; film processing; light sheet metal products; plastic goods; pharmaceutical goods; and food products but not animal slaughtering, curing, nor rendering of fats.
LOADING SPACE
An off-street space or berth on the same lot with a building, or contiguous to a group of buildings, for the temporary parking of a commercial vehicle while loading or unloading merchandise or materials.
LONG TERM NURSING FACILITY
An institution licensed by the Pennsylvania Department of Health to provide nursing home services to residents. The facility may be for-profit or non-profit, hospital-based or operated by a county. This does not include personal care homes, domiciliary care homes, boarding homes or community care that does not operate under a long term nursing facility license.
LOT
A parcel of land occupied or capable of being occupied by one or more structures.
LOT OF RECORD
Any lot which individually or as a part of a subdivision, has been recorded in the office of the Recorder of Deeds of the County.
LOT, DEPTH OF
A mean horizontal distance between the front and rear lot lines.
LOT, AREA OF
The horizontally projected area of a lot computed exclusive of any portion of the right-of-way of any public thoroughfare.
LOT, WIDTH OF
The distance between the side lines of the zoning lot measured at the shortest distance at or between the front and rear building lines as determined by the prescribed front and rear yard requirements.
LOT, ZONING
A parcel of land, fronting on a street, which is or may be occupied by a main structure or a unit group of buildings with accessory uses and structures and the open spaces required under this Chapter, including easement areas if any, but not including any public or private street or alley.
MANUFACTURING
The processing and fabrication of any article, substance or commodity.
MINOR REPAIR
The replacement of existing work with equivalent materials for the purpose of its routine maintenance and upkeep, but not including the cutting away of any wall, partition or portion thereof, the removal or cutting of any structural beam or bearing support, or the removal or change of any required means of egress, or rearrangement of parts of a structure affecting the exitway requirements; nor shall minor repairs include addition to, alteration of, replacement or relocation of any standpipe, water supply, sewer, drainage, drain leader, gas, soil, waste, vent or similar piping, electric wiring or mechanical or other work affecting public health or general safety.
MOBILE HOME
A prefabricated dwelling unit designed for transportation on streets and highways on its own wheels or on a flat bed or other trailers, and arriving at the site where it is intended to be occupied as a dwelling complete and ready for occupancy except for connection to utilities and minor incidental unpacking and assembly operations, and constructed so that it may be used with or without a permanent foundation.
MOBILE HOME PARK
A planned residential development which is to be occupied by two or more mobile homes.
NONCONFORMING STRUCTURE
Any structure or part of a structure legally existing at the time of enactment of this Chapter or any of its amendments which does not conform to the provisions of this Chapter.
NONCONFORMING USE
Any use or arrangement of land or structures legally existing at the time of enactment of this Chapter or of any amendment which does not comply with all the standards of such ordinance or amendment.
PERSONAL CARE HOME
A facility licensed by the Pennsylvania Department of Welfare that provides meals, shelter and personal assistance or supervision for more than 24 consecutive hours for more than three adults who do not require nursing home care.
PERSONAL SERVICES
A commercial establishment providing such personal services as hair dressing and cutting, clothes cleaning, laundering, shoe repair, tailoring and the like.
PLANNED RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT
A parcel of land not less than five acres in area, controlled by a landowner, to be developed as a single entity for a number of dwelling units, the development plan for which may not correspond in lot size, bulk or type of buildings, density, lot coverage and required open space to the regulations established in any one residential district of this Chapter.
PLANNING AGENCY
The Planning Commission for Braddock Hills Borough.
PRIVATE CLUB
A non-commercial facility operated by and for its members and providing recreational facilities for the use of members and their guests.
RADIO COMMUNICATIONS FACILITY
Communications tower and related equipment and structures which provide an essential service to the community.
REAR YARD DEPTH
The prescribed minimum open space extending across the entire width of the lot between the back line of the building or accessory structure and the rear lot line.
RECYCLING FACILITY
The salvage, collection and recovery of scrap and other resources, but not including any processing operation which does not meet the standards of § 27-406.
RESEARCH FACILITY
A facility for applied research conducted within an enclosed structure where no goods are produced in quantity.
SCHOOL
A place of instruction operated by a public or religious organization, having regular sessions, with regularly employed instructors and meeting all requirements of the Pennsylvania Department of Education for providing primary, secondary, vocational or post-secondary education. This definition shall include privately operated, for-profit schools of trade, vocation, avocation or business, including charter and/or cyber schools.
SCREENING
A fence, evergreen hedge or wall at least six feet high, provided in such a way that it will block a line of sight. The screening may consist either of one or several rows of bushes or trees or of a constructed fence or wall.
SEAT
A fixed seat in a theatre, auditorium or meeting room, or 24 lineal inches of an installed bench or pew, or in the absence of these, six square feet of floor space in the seating area.
SIDE YARD WIDTH
The prescribed minimum open space extending from the side of any building or accessory structure to the side lot line throughout the entire depth of the yard. Any lot line not a rear line or a front line shall be deemed as a side line.
SIGN
Any surface or structure exposed to public view and intended, used or designed to identify, advertise or promote any product, person, business, institution, organization or place with written, graphic or sculptured matter, but not including:
A. 
Signs to regulate and control traffic and parking or to promote public health, safety and welfare.
B. 
Religious, patriotic, fraternal, national or cultural symbols, if unaccompanied by lettering and applied to a tower, spire, flagpole, wall or cornice of a structure; signs lighted only by reflected light and posted inside a display window where such signs do not obstruct clear vision into the store by police and health authorities.
SINGLE-FAMILY HOUSE
A detached building having accommodations for and occupied by not more than one family.
SPECIAL EXCEPTION
A use permitted in a particular zoning district after approval by the Zoning Hearing Board.
STORY
That portion of a building included between the upper surface of a floor and the upper surface of the floor or roof next above.
STREET
A right-of-way intended primarily for vehicular traffic and usually providing for utilities and pedestrian travel. A street may be designated by other appropriate names such as highway, thoroughfare, boulevard, parkway, road, avenue, drive, lane or place.
STRUCTURE
Any man-made object having an ascertainable stationary location on or in land or water, whether or not affixed to the land including in addition to buildings, billboards, carports, porches, and other building features, but not including sidewalks, drives, fences, and patios.
SUBDIVISION
The division or redivision of a lot, tract, or parcel of land by any means into two or more lots, tracts, parcels, or other division of land, including changes in existing lot lines for the purpose, whether immediate or future, of lease, partition by the court for distribution to devisees or heirs, transfer of ownership, or building, or lot development, provided however, that the division of land for agricultural purposes into parcels of more than 10 acres, not involving any new street or easement of access, shall be exempted.
SWIMMING POOL
A container of water used for swimming or bathing purposes, of any depth or size if wholly or partially sunk beneath adjacent ground level. If erected above ground, the same shall be covered under the terms of this Chapter only if it has at least one dimension greater than 15 feet, or is more than 36 inches in depth. As herein defined the term "swimming pool" shall be deemed to be a structure.
TOWNHOUSE
A row of three or more attached, one-family dwellings, separated by vertical party or lot-line walls, and each having private entrances.
TWO-FAMILY HOUSE
A detached structure having accommodations for and occupied by not more than two families.
USE
The purpose for which land or a building is arranged, designed or intended, or for which land or a building is or may be occupied or maintained.
VARIANCE
An authorization to vary slightly from the strict interpretation of the standards of this Chapter which may be granted by the Zoning Hearing Board in accordance with law.
VEHICLE SALES AREA
The sale or leasing of automobiles, mobile homes, trucks, recreational vehicles or farm equipment on a predominantly open lot where no repair work except that which is minor and incidental to the sale of vehicles is performed.
VEHICLE SALESROOM
The sale or leasing of automobiles, mobile homes, trucks, recreational vehicles, or farm equipment within an enclosed structure which may also include the servicing and maintenance of such vehicles when conducted within a fully enclosed structure.
VEHICLE SERVICES
The sale, leasing or repair, maintenance, and servicing of automobiles and other vehicles when conducted in a fully enclosed structure.
VETERINARY SERVICES
A facility where animals are treated by a licensed veterinarian but are not boarded.
YARD
An open space on a lot, other than a court, unoccupied and unobstructed from the ground to the sky, not occupied by structure or used for parking or storage, except as otherwise provided, and not including any portion of a street or alley.
ZONING OCCUPANCY PERMIT
A document issued by the Zoning Officer upon completion of the construction of a structure, or change in use of structure or parcel of land, or change of occupancy of structure, and indicating that the use and structure is in compliance with the ordinances of the Borough having jurisdiction over the location of such use or structure, that all conditions attached to the granting of the zoning certificate have been met, and that the structure and land may be occupied and used for the purposes set forth in the zoning permit.
ZONING OFFICER
The officer appointed by the Borough to administer the provisions of this Chapter.
ZONING PERMIT
A document issued by the Zoning Officer stating that a proposed use or development will be in compliance with this Chapter, and authorizing the applicant to proceed to obtain all required building permits.