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Clarkson City Zoning Code

PART 4

Administrative and Review Procedures

§ 140-40.1 Purpose and applicability.

A. 
Purpose. This article is intended to provide the general procedures, requirements, and review criteria for all development and permit applications submitted to the Town.
B. 
Applicability. The provisions of this section apply to all the articles in this part (Part 4) unless otherwise stated.
C. 
Review body. For the purposes of this chapter the terms "reviewing body," "review body," or "decision-making body" shall refer to any Town board, commission, committee, or agent with review and/or approval authority as enacted under this chapter.
D. 
Properties in violation prohibited.
(1) 
No applications that include a building, structure, property, or use that is in violation of this zoning code, other laws of the Town of Clarkson, or NYS laws, rules, and/or regulations shall be accepted or processed.
(2) 
Applications which, in whole or in part, include a proposal to rectify violations on such property may be considered in accordance with this zoning code.

§ 140-40.2 Predevelopment meeting.

A. 
Purpose. The purpose of a predevelopment meeting is to provide the applicant with the opportunity to seek nonbinding, advisory direction from the Town to better prepare the applicant and project application for the development review process. This process is optional and has no bearing on action on a formal application.
B. 
Conference recommended. It is recommended that applicants request a predevelopment meeting prior to entering the formal application review process to discuss the nature of the proposed application and to determine the best course of action for submittal. Meetings may be held with the CEO and/or the appropriate application review body during a scheduled public meeting.
C. 
Advisory opinion. In no way shall any comments or feedback provided by the Town during a preapplication meeting be construed as an indication of decision or be legally binding in any way.
D. 
Application material. Materials presented during the preapplication meeting may be incomplete and/or conceptual in design. A formal, complete application is required to be considered for approval prior to action.

§ 140-40.3 General application procedures.

A. 
Submittal. All applications considered under this chapter shall:
(1) 
Be submitted to and processed by the Town's Code Enforcement Officer or other duly designated Town official.
(2) 
Require the signature of the owner(s) of the subject property. Where there are multiple land owners, a written consent agreement among all land owners must be included. Tenants may submit applications with written consent of the property owner(s).
(3) 
Be provided in the required number and form, including at least 15 hard copies and one electronic copy (digital PDF) upon request. Site plan applications shall include at least two stamped hard copies of all maps and site plans at the size and scale requested by the Code Enforcement Officer. Electronic copies of application materials may be required upon request.
(4) 
Include all application fees as established by § 140-40.8 and as may be required elsewhere in this chapter.
B. 
Deadlines. Applications shall be submitted prior to the meeting at which the applicant wishes to be considered, in accordance with the meeting schedule and filing deadlines, set by resolution of the Town Board. Such schedule may be amended from time to time as deemed necessary by the reviewing body.
C. 
Acceptance and processing.
(1) 
Within 30 days of an application being filed, the Town's Building Department shall determine whether to accept the application as ready for processing or reject the application as not ready for processing.
(2) 
An application is considered accepted and ready for processing only if it is submitted in the appropriate number and form, is facially complete, includes all required materials, and is accompanied by the required fee.
(3) 
The acceptance of an application by the Town shall in no way be interpreted as a determination of the completeness, adequacy, or accuracy of application materials, but rather serve as an acknowledgement to the receipt of required fee and application materials in the correct number and form.
(4) 
If an application is determined to be not ready for processing, a paper or electronic written notice shall be provided to the applicant.
(5) 
No further processing of unaccepted applications will occur. When the deficiencies are corrected, the application will be placed in the next available processing cycle. If the deficiencies are not corrected within 62 days, the application will be considered withdrawn.
D. 
Applicant responsibilities.
(1) 
The applicant and/or their agent is expected to attend all meetings at which the application is to be discussed.
(2) 
In all cases, the burden is on the applicant to show that their application complies with the Town of Clarkson local laws and regulations, and any other applicable NYS laws, rules, and regulations.

§ 140-40.4 Review body action.

A. 
Initiation of review. The review process(es) provided herein shall begin within 30 days of application acceptance by the Town's Building Department. The review and decision period does not begin until such time that the Town's Building Department notifies the applicant that the application is ready for processing and the materials submitted are acceptable for review.
B. 
Public hearing. Where required by this chapter and NYS Law, the reviewing body shall hold at least one public hearing prior to the issuance of a decision.
C. 
State Environmental Quality Review (SEQR). Where required by NYS Law, the review body shall complete all required documentation and procedures in accordance with the State Environmental Quality Review Act (SEQRA).
D. 
Issuance of decision.
(1) 
Within 62 days following the close of the public hearing the reviewing body shall issue a decision to approve, approve with conditions or modifications, or deny the proposed application.
(2) 
Prior to issuing a decision on an accepted application, the reviewing body shall determine by resolution the application to be complete, noting any waived or additional application materials.
(3) 
Where county referral is required, no decision shall be issued by the reviewing body until the referral process is complete.
(4) 
The time period in which a decision must be rendered on the application may be extended by mutual consent of the applicant and the reviewing body.
E. 
Written decision.
(1) 
A written decision shall be provided by the Town explaining the rationale and findings of the reviewing body based upon the standards and review criteria contained in this chapter. The written decision shall also make note of any conditions or modifications of the approval, where applicable.
(2) 
A copy of the decision shall be promptly filed with the Town Building Department and sent to the applicant.
F. 
Findings. The findings of the review body may be based on evidence submitted or the personal knowledge of the review body to show that:
(1) 
It has made an intelligent review of the question.
(2) 
It has considered all the information or evidence.
(3) 
It has heard all parties in question.
(4) 
Any intimate knowledge it has of the subject under question has been considered.
(5) 
It has made a personal inspection of the parcel in question and from this examination certain findings were ascertained.
G. 
Waiving application requirements. A reviewing body is authorized to waive or modify, in whole or in part, required application material if in their opinion one or more of the following apply:
(1) 
Any such material, or part thereof, is not requisite in the consideration of impact to public health, safety, or general welfare;
(2) 
Any such material is inappropriate or irrelevant to the proposal;
(3) 
Any such material is deemed unnecessary for an adequate, informed review.
H. 
Additional application requirements. A reviewing body may require the applicant to provide additional application material if it is found to be necessary for a complete, adequate, and informed review.

§ 140-40.5 Referrals.

A. 
Internal referral. The reviewing body may refer any application to another Town board, committee, department, or official for review, comment, and advisement. Within 30 days of referral the receiving body shall submit its recommendation in writing with a summary of findings to the reviewing body.
B. 
Professional referral.
(1) 
The reviewing body may seek the opinion of any engineering, architectural, historical, planning, technical, environmental, legal consultant or attorney, or other expert or professional to aid in the review of an application.
(2) 
The applicant shall reimburse the Town for any costs incurred as part of such professional review in accordance with § 140-40.7.
C. 
County referral. The Town shall refer applications to the Monroe County Planning and Development Department pursuant to NYS GML 239-m and in accordance with any planning referral agreements between the Town and county.
D. 
Other local, regional, and state referrals. Referrals to other local, regional, and state agencies shall also be made in accordance with Town, county, and NYS Law.

§ 140-40.6 Public hearings and notices.

A. 
Conducting public hearings.
(1) 
The reviewing body shall schedule, notice, and conduct a public hearing for applications as required by this chapter and NYS Law.
(2) 
The reviewing body may review multiple applications (e.g., special use permit and site plan review) for a single property, use, or development concurrently and may conduct concurrent or joint public hearings, if desired.
(3) 
A public hearing for which proper notice was given may be continued to a later date without providing additional notice as long as the continuation is set for specified date and time and that date and time is announced during the public hearing.
(4) 
If a public hearing is tabled, deferred or postponed for an indefinite period of time from the date of the originally scheduled public hearing, new public notice must be given before the rescheduled public hearing.
(5) 
If the applicant requests a postponement, the applicant must pay all costs of renotification.
B. 
Public hearing notices.
(1) 
Newspaper. Whenever the provisions of this chapter require, notice must be published at least 10 days in advance of such hearing in a newspaper of general circulation within the Town.
(2) 
Mail. Whenever the provisions of this chapter require, notice may be sent by mail. Such notice should:
(a) 
Be based on the latest property ownership information available from the Real Property Assessment Records. When required notices have been properly addressed and deposited in the U.S. mail, failure of a party to receive such notice will not be grounds to invalidate any action taken.
(b) 
Follow the minimum distance requirement for mailed notices to nearby property owners as set by NYS Law. Where the provisions of this chapter may be in conflict, the greater requirement shall apply.
(3) 
Online notice. Notice may also be posted to the official website and/or social media accounts of the Town.

§ 140-40.7 Fees.

A. 
Fee Schedule established. A schedule of fees for all permits, applications, deposits, and copies shall be provided in a Fee Schedule, set by resolution of the Town Board. Such schedule may be amended from time to time as deemed necessary by the Town Board.
B. 
Consultant fees.
(1) 
A review body may refer an application presented to them for professional engineering, architectural, historical, planning, technical, environmental, landscaping, or legal consultation, or attorney, as shall be deemed reasonably necessary to enable an adequate, informed review.
(2) 
The amount of a consultant fee shall be determined and approved by the Town Board. Consultants shall estimate their fees based on the services to be rendered on behalf of the Town from a review of the application, including such documents, maps, plans, specifications, drawings and the like as may be a part thereof.
(3) 
The consultant will be retained pursuant to the procurement policy of the Town. The applicant shall make an escrow deposit with the Town, equal to the amount of the fees so determined. This escrow deposit shall be utilized to pay the cost of the special consultant's fees involved. The application shall not be deemed complete until such time as said escrow deposit has been made. If during the review the need for further specialist consultation is deemed reasonably necessary by the Board, the same cost estimate and escrow deposit procedure shall be followed.

§ 140-40.8 Zoning permit.

A. 
Once all required reviews and approvals of this chapter have been obtained and compliance with all standards herein is verified by Town Development Staff, the applicant shall be granted a zoning permit by the Code Enforcement Officer.
B. 
The issuance of a zoning permit shall be independent of and in no way indicate approval of a building permit or certificate of occupancy. The authorization and issuance of a building permit shall be at the discretion of the Code Enforcement Officer as provided in § 140-52.5 of the Town of Clarkson Code.
C. 
Such permit shall expire 90 days after the issuance thereof unless construction shall have been commenced within said period, and it shall expire 18 months after the date of issue in any event.

§ 140-40.9 Certificates of occupancy.

A. 
Requirement. No building or other structure or part thereof hereafter erected or altered in its use or structure shall be used or occupied until the Code Enforcement Officer shall have issued a certificate of occupancy stating that such building, structure or part thereof and the proposed occupancy or use thereof are found to be in conformity with the provisions of all applicable state and local laws and conditions of approval of any approvals authorized by this chapter.
B. 
Issuance. Within five days after notification that a building or structure or premises is ready for occupancy or use, it shall be the duty of the Code Enforcement Officer to make a final inspection thereof and issue a certificate of occupancy if the land, building, structure or part thereof is found to conform to the provisions of all applicable state and local laws.
C. 
Refusal. If the Code Enforcement Officer, after such final inspection, refuses to issue a certificate of occupancy, the Code Enforcement Officer shall state such refusal, in writing, with the cause and immediately thereupon mail notice of such refusal to the applicant to the address indicated on the application.
D. 
Upon transfer of title to a new owner or execution and recording of a mortgage upon said building, or said building becoming vacant, no two-family dwelling, multifamily dwelling, or nonresidential building shall be occupied in whole or in part until the issuance of a certificate of occupancy by the Code Enforcement Officer that said dwelling conforms in all respects to the requirements of this chapter. The Code Enforcement Officer may, on the request of the owner or certified agent, issue a temporary certificate of occupancy in their discretion.

§ 140-40.10 Certificate of legal preexisting nonconformance.

A. 
Upon written request from the owner of the premises, a certificate of legal preexisting nonconformance for any structure or premises lawfully existing or used at the time this chapter takes effect shall be issued by the Code Enforcement Officer certifying that the continuance of such use is permissible under the provisions of Article 43 of this chapter.
B. 
The certificate shall specifically state wherein the nonconforming use or structure differs from the provisions of this chapter.

§ 140-40.11 Temporary permit.

A. 
The Planning Board, in its discretion, may grant temporary nonconforming permits for a period not exceeding six months for use or occupancy for a nonconforming use designated in such permit within any district. Such temporary permits shall be limited as to time and may be extended for not more than one six-month period. Upon the expiration of such temporary permit and any extension thereof, the nonconforming use permitted thereby shall thereupon cease.
B. 
A temporary certificate of occupancy may be issued by the Code Enforcement Officer for a period not exceeding six months during alterations or partial occupancy of the building pending its completion, provided that such temporary certificate shall include such conditions and safeguards as will protect the safety of the occupants and the public.

§ 140-41.1 Purpose and intent.

A. 
Purpose. The purpose of this article is to regulate special uses, which by nature of their operation, may have a higher potential for incompatibility with adjacent uses or otherwise unique characteristics which require a case-by-case review of their location, design, configuration, and impacts on the surrounding area.
B. 
Intent. The standards of this article are intended to provide for the individual review and approval of such uses to ensure compatibility of the use in its proposed location and mitigate any potential adverse impacts the use may have on the district or neighborhood.

§ 140-41.2 Applicability.

A. 
Permit required. A special use permit shall be obtained for all uses as noted in the district tables of Part 2 of this chapter prior to their establishment or operation.
B. 
Additional use regulations. In addition to the general district and development requirements of this chapter, specially permitted uses shall also conform to the requirements of Articles 23 and 24, where applicable.

§ 140-41.3 Review procedure.

A. 
Authorized review body. Special use permit applications shall be reviewed and decided upon by the Planning Board.
B. 
Application processing. Special use permit applications shall be submitted and processed in accordance with Article 40 of this chapter.
C. 
Public hearings. The Planning Board shall hold a public hearing for all special use permit applications prior to issuance of decision in accordance with § 140-40.6.
D. 
Referrals. All internal, professional, and required referrals shall be made in accordance with § 140-40.5.
E. 
Coordinated reviews. Where site plan review is also required, the requirements of Article 42 shall also apply. Where applicable, duplicate application materials may be combined to satisfy submittal requirements. In the event that the special use permit is denied, the site plan decision shall be null and void.

§ 140-41.4 Application requirements.

A special use permit application shall include the following, as applicable:
A. 
A site plan denoting the location of the subject property and all structures thereon, as well as all property, uses, and structures within 300 feet of the proposed use.
B. 
A description of the proposed use and nature of its operation, including:
(1) 
A business plan, vision, or model, and/or summary of products, goods, and services to be sold or provided;
(2) 
The proposed hours of operation;
(3) 
The number of employees at maximum shift;
(4) 
The maximum seat capacity;
(5) 
The timing and manner of any and all anticipated deliveries;
(6) 
A recycling and waste management plan; and
(7) 
The nature and type of all mechanical equipment provided and/or required.
C. 
An interior floor plan, including, but not limited to, the arrangement of seats, kitchen and/or bar size and location, storage areas, bathroom facilities, and location of machines or other mechanical equipment.
D. 
A narrative describing how the proposed use will satisfy the review criteria of § 140-41.5.
E. 
All SEQR documentation as required by NYS Law.
F. 
Where site plan review is also required, the application materials of Article 42 shall also apply.

§ 140-41.5 Review criteria.

A. 
General criteria. In reaching a decision, the Planning Board shall consider and shall determine, either from its own knowledge and investigation or from testimony or other information submitted to it, written findings on whether the proposed use:
(1) 
Will be generally consistent with the goals of the Town Comprehensive Plan and other adopted plans and studies;
(2) 
Will meet all relevant standards, guidelines, and requirements set forth in this zoning code, including any applicable additional use regulations of Article 23;
(3) 
Will be an economically viable use of the property and/or will not cause there to be any significant decrease in the future economic viability of the property;
(4) 
Will be compatible with existing uses adjacent to and near the property;
(5) 
Will provide adequate measures (such as landscaping and screening) to mitigate potential adverse impacts on surrounding property and preserve or enhance the character of the Town;
(6) 
Will not have an undue burden or effect on the orderly development and character of the neighborhood or upon the development and conduct of other lawful uses in the vicinity;
(7) 
Will not be a nuisance to adjacent residents and property in terms of the production of obnoxious or objectionable noise, dust, glare, odor, refuse, fumes, vibrations, traffic, crowds, parking of automobiles, unsightliness, contamination or other similar conditions;
(8) 
Will not cause undue harm to or destroy existing sensitive natural features on the site or in the surrounding area or cause adverse environmental impacts such as significant erosion and/or sedimentation, slope destruction, flooding or ponding of water, or degradation of water quality;
(9) 
Will not destroy or adversely impact significant historic and/or cultural resource sites; and
(10) 
Will not otherwise be detrimental to the convenience and general health, safety, or welfare of the public.
B. 
Standard for review. Failure to meet one or more of the above criteria may result in denial of an application.

§ 140-41.6 Special use permit time limitations.

A. 
Purpose. The Planning Board may impose limitations on the time period for which the special use permit is granted if, in their opinion, the temporary issuance of such permit is necessary to verify the appropriateness and compatibility of the use as proposed.
B. 
Duration. The duration of a special use permit shall of a set period of time determined by the Planning Board to provide the applicant with a reasonable return on investment and allow for adequate observation of the use in standard operation.
C. 
Renewal of permit.
(1) 
Special uses that have been issued a time limited permit and intend to continue operation thereafter shall be required to reapply for special use permit approval at least 30 days prior to the initial permit's expiration date.
(2) 
Renewal applications shall be submitted, processed, reviewed, and decided upon in accordance with the provisions of this article.
(3) 
In granting special use permit renewal, the Planning Board may remove or modify the conditions and time limitation of the initial permit, as deemed necessary or appropriate.
D. 
Denial. The Planning Board may deny a renewal of a special use permit when any of the following apply:
(1) 
The petitioner has failed to comply with one or more of the conditions of the prior approval;
(2) 
Substantial new issues regarding the permit conditions during the operation of the use have arisen;
(3) 
The general requirements of this chapter have not been met; or
(4) 
There are changes in the area or neighborhood that would be incompatible with the special use.

§ 140-41.7 Transfer of permits.

Special use permit approval shall be issued to the property. Therefore, where a change of owner, operator, or occupant occurs, the issuance of a new special use permit shall not be required.

§ 140-41.8 Reapplication for denied special use permits.

A reapplication for a special use permit request which has been previously denied shall not be considered unless substantial revisions have been completed from the original application previously denied, as determined by the Town Planning Board.

§ 140-42.1 Purpose and intent.

A. 
The purpose of this article is to define the site plan review procedures for development actions proposed throughout the Town to preserve and enhance the physical form of the Town, achieve compatibility with adjacent development, mitigate potentially negative impacts on traffic, parking, drainage and similar environmental concerns, improve the overall visual and aesthetic quality of the Town, and increase the capability of this chapter to adapt to a variety of unique circumstances.
B. 
The intent of site plan review is to evaluate site plans and require changes consistent with minimizing conflicts which may result between the site layout and design of proposed uses and natural site conditions and features and/or existing or planned adjacent uses.
C. 
Site plan review also serves the purpose of ensuring applications comply with clearly defined planning goals and policies such as are provided in the Town's Comprehensive Plan and other land use plans and studies.
D. 
These regulations provide site plan review application submission requirements and evaluation criteria to allow the reviewing body to make a fair and informed decision as to whether the development, as proposed, is in compliance with concern for the health, safety and welfare of the environment, Town residents, and adjacent uses.

§ 140-42.2 Review required.

Prior to the issuance of a building permit, site plan approval shall be obtained as noted herein.
Action
Exempt
Minor
Major
Construction/Expansion/Alteration
Primary Use or Structure
Single- or two-family dwelling
Multifamily dwelling or nonresidential use, up to 1,000 sf
Multifamily dwelling or nonresidential use, over 1,000 sf
Accessory Use or Structure1, 2
Single- or two-family use, up to 250 sf
Single- or two-family use, over 250 sf
Multifamily dwelling or nonresidential use
Accessory dwelling unit
Landscaping, Exterior Lighting, Mechanical Equipment, or Stormwater Infrastructure
Single- or two-family dwelling
Multifamily dwelling or nonresidential use
Off-Street Parking/Loading Area
10 spaces or fewer
Over 10 spaces
Driveways
Single- or two-family dwelling
Multifamily dwelling
Joint or shared (residential or nonresidential)
Nonresidential, within existing curbcut
Nonresidential, within new or altered curbcut
Other
Solar energy system (accessory use or structure)
Parks or playgrounds (public use)
Pools or playgrounds (residential use)
Telecommunications equipment
Other Actions
Ordinary repair, maintenance, or replacement in-kind
Interior alteration
Change of use
Amendment to approved site plan
Planned unit development (Article 44)
Action involving modification of utility infrastructure
Land clearing over 1 acre in area
NOTES:
(1)
Accessory use or structure includes decks, patios, porches, garages, sheds, etc. For full list see § 140-23.5.
(2)
Fences and walls shall be exempt from site plan review, provided such fence or wall conforms to the requirements of § 140-24.6.

§ 140-42.3 Review procedures.

A. 
Authorized review body.
(1) 
Minor site plan applications shall be reviewed and decided upon administratively by the Town Engineer.
(2) 
The Town Engineer may refer any minor site plan application to the Planning Board if it is found that the approval requires a discretionary or more significant review to determine the appropriateness of such proposal. Upon referral by the Town Engineer, the Planning Board shall assume review and decision authority.
(3) 
Major site plan applications shall be reviewed and decided upon by the Planning Board.
B. 
Application processing. Site plan applications shall be submitted and processed in accordance with Article 40 of this chapter.
C. 
Public hearings.
(1) 
A public hearing shall be required for all major site plan applications.
(2) 
The Planning Board may hold a public hearing on minor site plan applications, if deemed necessary.
D. 
Referrals. All referrals shall be made in accordance with § 140-40.5.
E. 
Coordinated reviews. Where a special use permit is also required, the requirements of Article 41 shall also apply. Where applicable, duplicate application materials may be combined to satisfy submittal requirements. In the event that the site plan application is denied, the special use permit decision shall be null and void.
F. 
Action on approval of site plan. An approval endorsement shall be affixed by the Chairperson of the Planning Board on a copy of the approved site plan. A copy of the endorsed site plan shall be filed with the CEO.

§ 140-42.4 Application requirements.

A. 
Minor site plan application material. A minor site plan application shall include the following materials, as deemed applicable by the reviewing body. The reviewing body may require some or all application materials be prepared by competent, duly licensed professionals.
(1) 
Application form, including the name, address, and signature of the applicant, property owner, and developer.
(2) 
Description or narrative of all proposed uses and structures.
(3) 
A site plan drawn at a scale of one-quarter inch equals one foot or such other scale as the reviewing body may deem appropriate, on standard 24-inch by 36-inch sheets, with continuation on 8 1/2-inch by 11-inch sheets as necessary for written information. Such site plan include the following:
(a) 
Scale, north arrow, and date.
(b) 
The location of all properties, their ownership, uses thereon, subdivisions, streets, easements, and adjacent buildings within 500 feet of the property in question.
(c) 
The location and use of all existing and proposed structures on the property in question, including all building and lot dimensions.
(d) 
The location and proposed impacts to environmental features, including, but not limited to, open spaces, woodlands, watercourses, wetlands, floodplains, and watersheds.
(e) 
The location and dimensions of existing and proposed landscaping, screening, walls, and fences, including information regarding the type of materials.
(f) 
The location and dimensions of existing and proposed public and private streets, off-street parking areas, access drives, driveways, sidewalks, ramps, curbs, and paths.
(g) 
The location of all existing and proposed topography as revealed by contours or key elevations, including final site grading.
(h) 
A waste and trash management plan including the type, size, location, appearance, and operation of permanent trash receptacles.
(i) 
The type, size, location, appearance, and operation of all outdoor mechanical equipment.
(j) 
The location, height, intensity, bulb type, and light color of all exterior lighting fixtures.
(k) 
The location, height, size, material, and design of all existing and proposed signs.
(l) 
The location all new or modified downspouts or stormwater systems, including the configuration of a system for stormwater drainage or green infrastructure.
(m) 
The location of existing and proposed utility systems including sewage or septic, water supply, telephone, cable, electric, internet, and fiber.
(n) 
Exterior building elevations (existing and proposed) for all sides showing the location and size of all windows, doors, trim, architectural details and indicating the type of all materials to be used.
(o) 
Plans for disposal of construction and demolition waste, either on-site or at an approved disposal facility.
(p) 
Plans to prevent the pollution of surface or ground water, erosion of soil both during and after construction, excessive runoff, excessive raising or lowering of the water table, and flooding of other properties, as applicable.
(q) 
Identification of any state or county permits required for the project and record of application for and approval status of such permits.
(r) 
A schedule for completion of each construction phase, where applicable.
(s) 
All NYS SEQR documentation as required by law.
B. 
Major site plan application materials. An application for major site plan review shall include the following materials, as applicable. Such materials shall be prepared by competent, duly licensed professionals duly, unless otherwise permitted by the reviewing body.
(1) 
All required minor site plan application materials.
(2) 
A site plan showing the location of all properties, their ownership, uses thereon, subdivisions, streets, easements, and adjacent buildings within 500 feet of the property in question.
(3) 
A certified land survey.
(4) 
Soil logs, test well, percolation test results, and/or stormwater runoff calculations.
(5) 
A natural resource inventory and/or tree survey.
(6) 
A detailed traffic study.

§ 140-42.5 Review criteria.

The Planning Board shall review the site plan and supporting data taking into consideration the following:
A. 
Conformance with this chapter and the Town's Comprehensive Plan.
B. 
Compatibility of proposed uses to adjacent uses, considering building and site orientation, design, and transitional and/or buffering treatments.
C. 
Quality of building design and materials, including facades, signs, and site layouts, and compatibility with the desired character of the district and/or neighborhood.
D. 
Adequacy and arrangement of vehicular traffic and circulation, including intersections, road widths, traffic controls, traffic-calming measures, and accessibility to fire and emergency vehicles.
E. 
Adequacy and arrangement of pedestrian and bicyclist access and circulation, including separation from vehicular traffic and connections provided internally and externally to the site.
F. 
Adequacy of off-street parking, loading, and vehicular access management provisions.
G. 
Adequacy of landscaping and screening provisions.
H. 
Adequacy of outdoor lighting while preventing light trespass onto adjacent properties.
I. 
Preservation and protection of natural site features and areas, such as wildlife habitat, wetland, and woodland areas. Adequacy of open space areas for passive and/or active recreation.
J. 
Adequacy of stormwater, drainage, and erosion management plans.
K. 
Adequacy of municipal facilities to serve the proposal including, but not limited to, streets, electric service, water supply and wastewater treatment systems, storm water control systems, and fire protection.
L. 
Adequacy of proposed waste and trash management plan.
M. 
Adequacy of snow storage and/or proposed snow removal plan.
N. 
Encouragement of the most appropriate use of land and utilization of the site.
O. 
Potential for adverse effects to the functioning, economic stability, prosperity, and health, safety, or general welfare of nearby property owners and the community.

§ 140-42.6 Modifications to site plans.

A. 
Required changes. The Planning Board may require changes or additions in relation to yards, driveways, landscaping, buffer zones, etc., to ensure safety, to minimize traffic difficulties and to safeguard adjacent properties. Modifications requiring a variance shall not be permitted without approval by the Zoning Board of Appeals. Should the Planning Board require changes or additional facilities, final approval of site plan shall be conditional upon satisfactory compliance by applicant in making the changes or additions.
B. 
Applicant proposed changes. Any applicant wishing to make changes in an approved site plan shall submit a revised site plan to the Planning Board for review and approval.

§ 140-42.7 Site plan termination.

A. 
Validity. Site plan approval shall be valid for a period of two years from the date thereof for the purpose of obtaining building permits. Failure to secure, without subsequent revocation or termination, a building permit during this period, or revocation or termination of a building permit subsequent to this period, shall cause the site plan approval to become null and void.
B. 
Extension. Upon application, the Planning Board may extend this period to not more than five years from the date of final site plan approval.
C. 
New application. Nothing herein shall prohibit a new application for site plan approval following such termination in accordance with the requirements of this chapter.

§ 140-43.1 Nonconforming uses.

A. 
It is recognized that there exist certain structures and uses which were lawfully established prior to the passage of this chapter or amendments thereto and which are now made to be in violation of this chapter. It is the intent of this chapter to permit such nonconforming uses to continue until they are removed, but not to encourage their survival. Such structures and uses may be changed only in the direction of reducing their degree of nonconformity to this chapter.
B. 
Where the question of direction of change is at issue, the matter will be determined by the Zoning Board of Appeals, which will consider in its deliberations the anticipated changes in the visual appearance of the premises, the traffic volume, the population concentration, the type and volume of emissions from the property and other such relevant data to determine whether the proposed use is more appropriate to the district than the existing nonconforming use.
C. 
Should any nonconforming structure or use be wholly or partially destroyed by any means to the extent of more than 75% of its replacement cost at the time of destruction, it shall not be reconstructed or used except in conformity with this chapter.
D. 
The failure to exercise a nonconforming use for a period of one year or more terminates the right to exercise such nonconforming use of the structure or premises, and, thereafter, structures and premises shall be used only in conformity with this chapter.
E. 
Nothing in this chapter shall be deemed to require a change in the plans, construction or designated use of any building on which actual construction was lawfully begun prior to the date of adoption or amendment of this chapter and upon which actual construction has been diligently carried on.
F. 
Normal nonstructural repairs and maintenance may be performed upon a nonconforming structure or a structure containing a nonconforming use. Any major repairs required to restore the structure to a safe condition, as determined by a duly authorized public official, shall be made only in conformity with this chapter.
G. 
Notwithstanding any of the above provisions, new farm buildings for the housing of farm animals, produce and farm machinery only may be erected on any farm existing at the date of this chapter or amendments thereto, provided that any such building erected hereafter shall be located not less than 100 feet from the nearest lot line of any adjoining owner.

§ 140-43.2 Penalties.

A. 
A violation of this chapter is hereby declared to be an offense, punishable by the following penalties:
(1) 
For a conviction of a first offense, a fine not exceeding $350 or imprisonment for a period not to exceed six months, or both;
(2) 
For conviction of a second offense, both of which were committed within a period of five years, a fine not less than $350 nor more than $700 or imprisonment for a period not to exceed six months, or both; and
(3) 
For conviction for a third or subsequent offense, all of which were committed within a period of five years, punishable by a fine not less than $700 nor more than $1,000 or imprisonment for a period not to exceed six months, or both.
B. 
For the purpose of conferring jurisdiction upon courts and judicial officers generally, violations of this chapter shall be deemed misdemeanors, and, for such purpose only, all provisions of law relating to misdemeanors shall apply to such violations. Each week's continued violation shall constitute a separate additional violation.
C. 
A person shall be subject to the penalties imposed by this section in any case where an order to remove any violation of any of the provisions of this chapter has been caused to be served by the Town Board upon the owner, general agent, lessee or tenant of the building, other structure or tract of land or any part thereof or upon the architect, builder, contractor or anyone who commits or assists in any such violation and where such person shall fail to comply with such order within 10 days after the service thereof. Each day's continued violation shall constitute a separate additional violation and shall be punishable hereunder.
D. 
In addition to the foregoing remedies, the Town may institute any appropriate action or proceeding permitted by law to prevent, correct or restrain any violation of this chapter.

§ 140-44.1 Amendments and rezonings.

A. 
Authority to file.
(1) 
Pursuant to NYS General Town Law and the Town of Clarkson Code and all applicable provisions of this chapter, this chapter may be amended, supplemented, and repealed.
(2) 
Amendments to the text or map of this zoning code may be initiated by the Town Board, Planning Board, or by a petition by property owners as provided by NYS General Town Law.
B. 
Authorized review bodies.
(1) 
The Planning Board shall serve in an advisory role to the review of proposed amendments and issue a recommendation of decision to the Town Board.
(2) 
The Town Board shall review and issue the final decision on all proposed amendments.
C. 
Public hearing. A public hearing shall be held by the Town Board for all proposed amendments.
D. 
Referrals. All referrals shall be made in accordance with § 140-40.5.
E. 
Review procedure.
(1) 
Each application shall be referred to the Planning Board. The Planning Board shall report its recommendations thereon to the Town Board, accompanied by a full statement of the reasons for such recommendations.
(2) 
If the Planning Board fails to report within a period of 62 days from the date of receipt of notice or such longer time as may have been agreed upon by it and the Town Board, the Town Board may act without such report.
(3) 
After receiving the report of the Planning Board, the Town Board shall issue a decision on the proposed amendment within 62 days. The Town Board may also return the application to the Planning Board for further consideration, together with a written explanation of the reasons for doing so.
(4) 
The Town Board may act by a simple majority vote, except when a valid protest petition has been submitted in accordance with NYS Law. In the case of a valid protest petition, approval requires a three-fourths vote of the members of the Town Board.
(5) 
If the Town Board approves the amendment, supplement, change or modification to the zoning code or zoning map, as applicable, shall be amended after publication and filing with the Town Clerk, County Clerk, and Secretary of State as required by NYS Law.
F. 
Review criteria. In reviewing and making decisions on zoning amendments, the reviewing body may consider the following criteria, as applicable:
(1) 
Whether the proposed amendment corrects an error or inconsistency in the zoning code or meets the challenge of a changing condition;
(2) 
Whether the proposed amendment is in substantial conformance with the adopted plans and policies of the municipality;
(3) 
Whether the proposed amendment is in the best interests of the municipality as a whole;
(4) 
Whether public facilities (infrastructure) and services will be adequate to serve development allowed by any requested rezoning;
(5) 
Whether any rezoning will substantially harm the public health, safety or general welfare or the value of nearby properties;
(6) 
Whether any rezoning is compatible with the zoning and use of adjacent property;
(7) 
Whether the property in question is suitable for the uses and development to which it has been restricted under the existing zoning regulations; and
(8) 
Whether the gain, if any, to the public health, safety and general welfare due to denial of the application outweighs that of the hardship imposed upon the landowner, if any, as a result of denial of the application.

§ 140-44.2 Appeals.

A. 
Applicability. Appeals may be made where it is alleged there has been an error in interpretation of any zoning code provisions or in any order, requirement, decision, or determination made by the CEO or other administrative officials under the Town Code.
B. 
Right to appeal. Appeals may be filed by any person aggrieved by an administrative decision of the CEO or other agent duly designated to the administration and enforcement of this chapter.
C. 
Stay upon appeal. An appeal shall stay all proceedings in furtherance of the appealed action, unless the CEO certifies to the Zoning Board of Appeals that a stay would, in their opinion, cause imminent peril to life or property. Then the proceedings shall not be stayed otherwise than by a restraining order granted by the Zoning Board of Appeals or by a court of record on application, to the CEO.
D. 
Authorized review body. Appeals shall be reviewed by the Zoning Board of Appeals (ZBA).
E. 
Application processing.
(1) 
Appeal applications shall be submitted, processed, and reviewed in accordance with Article 40 of this chapter.
(2) 
Appeal applications must be filed within 30 days of the date of the decision being appealed.
(3) 
Every appeal application shall refer to the specific provision of this chapter involved and shall exactly set forth the interpretation that is claimed.
F. 
Public hearing required.
(1) 
A public hearing shall be held by the ZBA prior to issuing a decision.
(2) 
A motion for the ZBA to hold a rehearing to review any order, decision or determination not previously reheard, may be made by any member of the ZBA. A unanimous vote of all members of the ZBA then present is required for such rehearing to occur. Such rehearing is subject to the same notice provisions as an original hearing. Upon such rehearing the ZBA may reverse, modify or annul its original order, decision or determination upon the unanimous vote of all members then present, provided the ZBA finds that the rights vested in persons acting in good faith in reliance upon the reheard order, decision or determination will not be prejudiced thereby.
G. 
Referrals. All referrals shall be made in accordance with § 140-40.5.
H. 
Issuance of decision.
(1) 
In exercising the appeal power, the ZBA has all the powers of the Town official or agent from whom the appeal is taken.
(2) 
The ZBA may reverse the appeal or affirm the appeal, in whole or in part, or modify the decision being appealed.
(3) 
In acting on the appeal the ZBA must grant to the decision or action a presumption of correctness, placing the burden of persuasion of error on the appellant.

§ 140-44.3 Variance procedure.

A. 
Applicability. The Zoning Board of Appeals (ZBA) shall have the power, on appeal from the decision or determination of any administrative official charged with enforcement of this chapter, to reverse or affirm, wholly or partly, or modify an order, requirement, decision, interpretation, or determination by the granting of either use variances or area variances as authorized by NYS Town Law. The variance procedures may not be used to:
(1) 
Waive, modify or otherwise vary any of the review and approval procedures of this article; or
(2) 
Waive, vary, modify or otherwise override a condition of approval or requirement imposed by another authorized review board or commission.
B. 
Transferability. Zoning variance approval runs with the land and is not affected by changes of tenancy, ownership, or management.
C. 
Authorized review body. Appeals shall be reviewed by the Zoning Board of Appeals (ZBA).
D. 
Burden of proof. The applicant seeking the variance shall have the burden of presenting sufficient evidence to allow the ZBA to reach a conclusion as set forth below as well as the burden of persuasion on those items.
E. 
Application processing.
(1) 
Variance applications shall be submitted, processed, and reviewed in accordance with Article 40 of this chapter.
(2) 
Every variance application shall refer to the specific provision of this chapter involved and shall exactly set forth the interpretation that is claimed.
F. 
Public hearing required. A public hearing shall be held by the ZBA prior to issuing a decision.
G. 
Referrals. All referrals shall be made in accordance with § 140-40.5.

§ 140-44.4 Use variances.

A. 
Authorization. A use variance authorizes the use of land for a purpose that is otherwise not allowed or prohibited by this chapter. A finding of unnecessary hardship is required to properly grant a use variance.
B. 
Review criteria. The ZBA shall not grant a use variance without the applicant having shown that applicable zoning regulations and restrictions have caused unnecessary hardship. In order to prove such unnecessary hardship, per NYS Town Law, the applicant shall demonstrate to the ZBA that for each and every permitted use under the zoning regulations for the particular district where the property is located the following conditions exist:
(1) 
The applicant cannot realize a reasonable return, provided that lack of return is substantial as demonstrated by competent financial evidence;
(2) 
The alleged hardship relating to the property in question is unique, and does not apply to a substantial portion of the district or neighborhood;
(3) 
The requested use variance, if granted, will not alter the essential character of the neighborhood; and
(4) 
That the alleged hardship has not been self-created.
C. 
Minimum variance allowable. The ZBA, in the granting of use variances, shall grant the minimum variance that it shall deem necessary and adequate to address the unnecessary hardship proved by the applicant, and at the same time preserve and protect the character of the neighborhood and the health, safety and welfare of the community.

§ 140-44.5 Area variances.

A. 
Authorization. An area variance authorizes the use of land that is not allowed by the dimensional or physical requirements set forth in this chapter. An area variance is one that does not involve a use that is otherwise prohibited by this chapter.
B. 
Review criteria. In making its determination, the ZBA shall take into consideration the benefit to the applicant if the variance is granted, as weighed against the detriment to the health, safety and welfare of the neighborhood or community by such grant. In making such determination the Board shall also consider the following as required by NYS Town Law:
(1) 
Whether an undesirable change will be produced in the character of the neighborhood or a detriment to nearby properties will be created by the granting of the area variance;
(2) 
Whether the benefit sought by the applicant can be achieved by some method, feasible for the applicant to pursue, other than an area variance;
(3) 
Whether the requested area variance is substantial in relation to the requirement;
(4) 
Whether the proposed variance will have an adverse effect or impact on the physical or environmental conditions in the neighborhood or district; and
(5) 
Whether the alleged difficulty was self-created; which consideration shall be relevant to the decision of the board of appeals but shall not necessarily preclude the granting of the area variance.
C. 
Minimum variance allowable. The ZBA, in the granting of area variances, shall grant the minimum variance that it shall deem necessary and adequate and at the same time preserve and protect the character of the neighborhood and the health, safety and welfare of the community.

§ 140-44.6 Article 78 proceeding.

A. 
Any person or persons, jointly or severally aggrieved by any decision of the ZBA or other such review body charged with the administration and enforcement of this chapter may apply to the NYS Supreme Court for review by a proceeding under Article 78 of the Civil Practice Laws and Rules.
B. 
Such proceeding shall be instituted within 30 days after the filing of the review body's decision in the office of the Town Clerk.
C. 
Costs shall not be charged to the Town unless it shall appear to the Court that it acted in gross negligence or in bad faith or with malice in making its decision.