Clinton City Zoning Code
PARKING, LOADING
AND CIRCULATION STANDARDS
§ 152.275 PURPOSE.
The purpose of these parking, loading and circulation requirements is:
(A) To relieve congestion on the streets by requiring that parking be provided on property and off streets in relation to the parking demand generated by the land use of each property;
(B) To promote safety and convenience for people by requiring that parking and loading areas, and associated driveways, be located and constructed according to good standards for visibility and accessibility; and
(C) To protect the light, air, visual amenities and values of residential areas by the visual screening of large parking and loading areas.
(Prior Code, § 1153.01) (Ord. O-18-20, passed 11-20-2018)
§ 152.276 APPLICABILITY.
Unless otherwise specified, the requirements of this subchapter shall apply to the following:
(A) A zoning certificate application for the construction of a new principal building in all zoning districts;
(B) The alteration, expansion or enlargement of any use that would require a change in parking, loading or vehicle stacking spaces as required in this subchapter; or
(C) The alteration, expansion or enlargement of any use that has an existing non-conforming parking lot.
(Prior Code, § 1153.02) (Ord. O-18-20, passed 11-20-2018)
§ 152.277 BICYCLE PARKING AND STORAGE.
(A) Applicants are required to provide bicycle racks and facilities on non-residential properties including business and public uses.
(B) Bicycle parking shall be provided at the level of one for every ten automobile parking spaces, with a minimum of two spaces and a maximum of 20 spaces. No bicycle parking is required where there is less than ten automobile parking spaces required.
(Prior Code, § 1153.03) (Ord. O-18-20, passed 11-20-2018) Penalty, see § 152.999
§ 152.278 OFF-STREET PARKING REQUIREMENTS.
(A) Rules for computing parking spaces.
(1) The following rules shall apply when computing parking spaces.
(a) Multiple uses. Unless otherwise noted or approved, off-street parking areas serving more than one use shall provide parking in an amount equal to the combined total of the requirements for each use.
(b) Fractions. When a measurement of the number of required spaces results in a fractional number, any fraction of one-half or less shall be rounded down to the next lower whole number and any fraction of more than one-half shall be rounded up to the next higher whole number.
(c) Area measurements.
1. Unless otherwise specifically noted, all square footage-based parking standards shall be computed on the basis of gross floor area of all floors in a non-residential building.
2. Up to 15% of the gross floor area may be excluded from the above calculation if the area is used for storage, loading, unloading or for mechanical equipment.
(d) Occupancy or capacity based standards.
1. For the purpose of computing parking requirements based on employees, students, residents or occupants, calculations shall be based on the largest number of persons working on a single shift, the maximum enrollment, or the maximum occupant load capacity as defined by the Ohio Building Code, whichever is applicable, and whichever results in a greater number of parking spaces.
2. In the case of benches, pews and similar seating accommodations, each 18 inches thereof shall be counted as one seat for the purpose of determining the parking requirements.
(e) Unlisted uses.
1. Upon receiving an application for a use not specifically listed in the parking schedule below, the Zoning Inspector shall apply the parking standard specified for the listed use that is deemed most similar to the proposed use in regards to use, size and intensity of use.
2. If the Zoning Inspector determines that there is no listed use similar to the proposed use, intensity or size, the Zoning Inspector may refer to the estimates of parking demand based on recommendations of the Institute of Traffic Engineers (ITE) in Trip Generation or the American Planning Association’s (APA) parking manual.
(B) Required number of spaces.
(1) The table set forth below defines the number of parking spaces required for each use within the village.
(2) For all uses except single-family and two-family dwellings, the total number of parking spaces required in table set forth below may be reduced by 10%.
(3) The total number of spaces required in the table set forth below may be reduced up to a maximum of 50% by utilizing the alternative parking options in division (E) below.
(4) The Planning Commission has the authority to be more or less restrictive in the required amount of parking spaces per their review.
Number of Parking Spaces Required
| |
Use | Number of Parking Spaces Required |
Number of Parking Spaces Required
| |
Use | Number of Parking Spaces Required |
Commercial and office uses | |
Automotive service (minor) | 1 space per 700 square feet of sales floor area plus 1 space for each 3 employees |
Banks and financial institutions | 1 space per 400 square feet of floor area |
Bed and breakfast establishments | 1 space per guestroom plus two spaces for the permanent dwelling unit |
Commercial entertainment or recreation use (indoors) | 1 space per 4 persons at maximum capacity |
Day care centers (adult or child) | 1 space per 500 square feet of floor area |
Funeral homes | 4 spaces per 300 square feet of floor area |
Hotels and motels | 5 spaces total plus 1 space per sleeping room |
Mixed use development | The cumulative parking based on the proposed uses |
Offices; general, government or other types | 1 space per 400 square feet of floor area minimum; 1 space per 300 square feet of floor area maximum |
Offices; medical or dental | 1 space per 300 square feet of floor area |
Personal service establishments | 6 spaces per 1,000 square feet or 2 spaces per station/chair, whichever is greater |
Private recreational use (outdoors) | 1 space per 5,000 square feet of land area or 1 space per three persons at maximum capacity, whichever is greater |
Research and development facilities | 1 space per employee (based on the largest number of employees on one shift) plus 1 space per each vehicle used in the business |
Restaurants and taverns | 1 space for every 2 seats at maximum capacity |
Retail and service commercial uses, sales offices and showrooms | 1 space per 350 square feet of floor area up to 20,000 square feet then 1 space per 400 square feet of floor area thereafter |
Theaters and assembly halls | 1 space per each 3 seats at maximum occupancy |
Veterinarian offices (no boarding) | 1 space per 350 square feet |
Use | Number of Parking Spaces Required |
Use | Number of Parking Spaces Required |
Public and institutional uses | |
Auditorium, stadium and similar uses | 1 space for each 4 seats based on maximum seating capacity |
Churches and places of worship | 1 space per each 3 seats in the sanctuary, based on maximum seating occupancy |
Community centers | 1 space per 250 square feet of floor area |
Cultural institutions | 1 space per 500 square feet of floor area |
Educational institutions | 1.5 spaces per classroom, library, lecture hall and cafeteria plus 1 space per three fixed seats of public assembly areas; high schools shall have an additional 1 space per five students at maximum capacity |
Parks | 2 spaces per acre unless additional spaces are required based upon the facilities included, if listed separately |
Residential uses | |
All dwelling unit types | 2 spaces per unit |
Skilled nursing or personal care facilities, adult group homes, small or large residential facilities and all other residential uses | 1 space per each 3 beds or 1 per 5 residents, whichever is greater |
(C) Parking requirements for physically disabled. Applicants shall provide parking spaces for the physically disabled as required by the Ohio Building Code and shall include all necessary markings, striping and signage.
(D) Design standards for off-street parking.
(1) Location of parking spaces.
(a) Parking areas shall be treated to minimize the visual impact of parked cars as viewed from the public right-of-way and adjacent properties through the use of plantings and earth berms.
(b) 1. Parking space in all business district areas should occupy the rear yard of the property.
2. When parking spaces are unable to occupy the rear yard of the property and are located in the front yard, there shall be a minimum ten feet from the road right-of-way landscaped area as established in §§ 152.240 through 252.248.
(c) Parking spaces in the residential districts shall not occupy any part of any required front or side yard areas.
(2) Minimum dimensions of off-street parking spaces. Parking spaces and driveway aisles shall have minimum rectangular dimensions of not less than the following:
(a) Parking stalls shall conform to the minimum standards set forth below; or
(b) Any parking space adjoining a landscaped area of the parking lot may include a two-foot overhang into the landscaped area as part of the required parking stall length; provided curbing or well-maintained wheel stops are used to prevent damage to landscaped areas.
Parking Area Dimensions | ||||
Angle of Parking (Degrees) | One-Way Maneuvering Aisle Width (Feet) “A” | Two-Way Maneuvering Aisle Width (Feet) “A” | Parking Stall Width (Feet) “B” | Parking Stall Length (Feet) “C” |
0 - parallel | 12 | 20 | 9 | 23 |
30 - 53 | 14 | 20 | 9 | 18 |
54 - 75 | 19 | 21 | 9 | 18 |
76 - 90 | 22 | 24 | 9 | 18 |
(3) Access to off-street parking spaces.
(a) Except in the case of single-family and two-family dwellings, any parking area shall be designed in such a manner that any vehicle leaving or entering the parking area from or into a public or private street shall be traveling in a forward motion.
(b) The entrances and exits of the parking area shall be clearly marked and parking areas having more than one aisle or driveway shall have appropriate arrows and striping on the pavement to indicate traffic direction.
(4) Wheel stops.
(a) Curbs or wheel stops that are at least four inches high and four inches deep shall be provided for parking spaces located adjacent to walkways and sidewalks to protect pedestrians.
(b) Continuous curbing is discouraged but if curbing is used, it should be cut curbing or scissor curbing to allow for the passage of stormwater.
(c) Where provided, wheel stops or curbs shall be placed to allow for two feet of vehicle overhang area within the dimension of the parking space. In cases where the overhang will be over a landscaped area, the parking stall length may be reduced by two feet.
(d) Where provided, wheel stops and curbs should be designed to allow for snow removal and access to snow storage areas, including on landscaped islands and adjacent buffers.
(E) Shared or off-site parking. A portion of the required parking spaces may be located on an adjacent or nearby property if the parking area complies with the following standards.
(1) Shared parking is encouraged and permitted if the multiple uses that the shared parking will benefit can cooperatively establish and operate the facilities.
(2) Off-site parking shall not be used to satisfy the off-street parking standards for residential uses.
(3) Required parking spaces reserved for persons with disabilities shall not be located in an off-site parking area.
(4) Shared or off-site parking shall not be permitted on a vacant lot in a residential zoning district unless permitted by the Planning Commission as part of a conditional use review.
(5) Shared or off-site parking areas shall adhere to the regulations of the same or a more intensive zoning classification than that required for the use served.
(6) In the event that a shared or off-site parking area is not under the same ownership as the principal use served, a written parking agreement shall be required and must be approved by the Village Solicitor.
(7) No shared or off-site parking space shall be located more than 800 feet from the primary entrance of the use served, measured along the shortest legal, practical walking route. This route may include crossing a right-of-way provided it uses a legal crosswalk.
(8) The applicant shall have the burden of proof for reduction of the total number of parking spaces and shall document and submit information substantiating their request. Shared or off-site parking may be approved if it complies with the following standards.
(a) Evidence shall be submitted by the parties operating the shared parking area, to the satisfaction of the Zoning Inspector, documenting the nature of uses and the times when the individual uses will operate so as to demonstrate the lack of potential conflict between the use of the parking spaces.
(b) Any change in use of the activities served by a shared or off-site parking area will be deemed an amendment to the shared or off-site parking area plan and will require Planning Commission review and approval.
(c) All shared or off-site parking plans and agreements shall be recorded with the Village Office Administrator prior to any zoning certificate being issued.
(Prior Code, § 1153.04) (Ord. O-18-20, passed 11-20-2018)
§ 152.279 OFF-STREET LOADING REQUIREMENTS.
Every building used for non-residential purposes that customarily receives or distributes goods by motor vehicle shall provide space on the premises for loading purposes on the basis of the following regulations.
(A) Generally. For buildings, or parts thereof, that exceed 10,000 square feet of gross floor area, there shall be provided and maintained, on the same lot with such building, at least one off-street loading space plus one additional loading space for every additional 20,000 square feet.
(B) General design standards. Every loading space shall be designed, constructed and maintained in accordance with the standards and requirements set forth in this division (B).
(1) Location of required loading spaces.
(a) Loading spaces shall be located on the same lot as the building or structure to which they serve. No loading space shall be located in any required front yard, nor shall it permit any vehicle to extend into any front yard or across any lot lines of a more restrictive district while the vehicle is being loaded or unloaded.
(b) Loading spaces shall be set back a minimum of 50 feet from any lot line in a residential district unless wholly within a completely enclosed building or unless enclosed on all sides by a wall or uniformly painted board fence not less than six feet in height.
(c) In all other cases, loading spaces shall be set back a minimum of ten feet from all lot lines.
(2) Dimensions. No required loading space shall be less than 12 feet in width or 25 feet in length or have a vertical clearance of less than 14 feet.
(3) Access.
(a) Loading spaces shall be designed and arranged to provide access to a street or alley in a manner that will create the least possible interference with traffic movement and parking lot circulation. The Zoning Inspector shall approve access to and from loading spaces.
(b) A site plan review application shall include a turning movement diagram illustrating access to the loading spaces.
(c) No part of any truck or van that is being loaded or unloaded may extend into the right-of-way of a public thoroughfare.
(d) Loading spaces shall be designed with sufficient apron area to accommodate truck-turning movements and to prevent backing of trucks onto any street right-of-way.
(4) Screening.
(a) All operations, materials and vehicles within any loading space that are visible from a public street or from any residential use shall be screened.
(b) The screening material shall be at least six feet in height and 100% opaque and shall satisfy the buffer requirements of the most restrictive adjacent district.
(Prior Code, § 1153.05) (Ord. O-18-20, passed 11-20-2018) Penalty, see § 152.999
§ 152.280 VEHICLE STACKING REQUIREMENTS.
Where drive-through facilities are permitted, vehicle stacking spaces shall be provided according to this section.
(A) Minimum number of stacking spaces. The number of required stacking spaces shall be provided as established below.
Activity | Minimum Stacking Spaces (Per Lane) | Measured From (and Including) |
Minimum Vehicle Stacking Space Requirements | ||
Financial institutions or automated teller machine (ATM) | 2 per window or lane | Teller or window |
Fuel of gasoline pump island | 21 | Pump island |
Other | As determined by the Zoning Inspector2 | |
Restaurant | 3 | First pick-up window |
Notes: 1 For each pump, the space at the pump shall count as one space; one additional stacking space shall be required for each pump 2 Any other use shall be required to document proof that the provided number and location of stacking spaces are adequate to meet the purpose of this section | ||
(B) Design and layout.
(1) Stacking lane location.
(a) Stacking lanes shall not be located between the building and a street, and may not be located in a required front yard.
(b) Stacking spaces shall be a minimum of ten feet by 20 feet in size.
(c) Stacking spaces may not impede on- or off-site traffic movements or movements in or out of off-street parking spaces (see image above). Such spaces shall be set back a minimum of 15 feet from any right-of-way.
(d) Stacking spaces shall be separated from other internal driveways by surface markings or raised medians.
(2) All drive-up/drive-through facilities shall provide an escape lane, which allows other vehicles to pass those waiting to be served.
(3) Fuel pump spaces can count toward the stacking space requirement.
(4) These stacking space requirements shall be in addition to the off-street parking space requirements.
(5) When adjacent to a residential zoning district, any lot in a recorded residential subdivision, or any lot used for residential purposes, stacking spaces shall be required to be located on sides of the lot opposite the adjacent residential use.
(6) All vehicular entrances or exits and all stacking spaces shall be set back a minimum of 200 feet from any intersections of a street under county or state authority.
(Prior Code, § 1153.06) (Ord. O-18-20, passed 11-20-2018)
§ 152.281 GENERAL DESIGN STANDARDS FOR ALL VEHICULAR USE AREAS.
All parking, loading and vehicle stacking areas shall meet the requirements of this section.
(A) Maintenance.
(1) All vehicular use areas shall be maintained free from litter, junk or rubbish.
(2) All adjacent sidewalks shall be kept free from dirt, ice, sleet and snow and in a safe condition for use by pedestrians.
(3) All signs, markers or any other methods used to indicate direction of traffic movement and location of parking and/or loading spaces shall be maintained in a neat and legible condition.
(4) The owner shall maintain all paved surfaces in a smooth and dust-free condition and repair any disintegration of the surface by patching or resealing when such disintegration takes place. Such maintenance shall be at the owner’s own expense.
(B) Storage. The storage of a vehicle or utility trailer for more than seven continuous days, for more than four periods per year, in a vehicular use area for a non-residential use is prohibited.
(D) Fire Code. All vehicular use areas shall conform to all requirements set forth in the Fire Code as adopted by the village and as approved by the Fire Department.
(E) Drainage. All vehicular use areas shall be graded, drained and provided with adequate drainage and stormwater management facilities so that the adjacent properties and rights-of-way, including sidewalks, are not subject to flooding by water run-off from the proposed vehicular use areas.
(F) Other uses within required vehicular use areas. No vehicle repair work or service of any kind, except emergency repairs, shall be permitted in or associated with any vehicular use area. Outdoor display, sales or storage of any merchandise within any required vehicular use area are prohibited unless otherwise specifically permitted by this chapter.
(G) Surfacing for areas serving non-residential uses.
(1) All vehicular use areas shall be graded and paved with an asphalt or concrete surface unless otherwise provided in this subchapter.
(2) Vehicular use areas may be surfaced with up to 100% of porous pavement (excluding gravel) or up to 25% of structural lawn. Porous pavement and structural lawns are not considered impervious surfaces for the purpose of calculating the maximum impervious surface ratio standards established in § 152.088(B)(3).
(H) Lighting. All lighting within a vehicular use area shall be subject to the standards in § 152.227.
(I) Striping. The individual parking spaces and loading spaces shall be striped according to the approved layout of the vehicular use area.
(Prior Code, § 1153.07) (Ord. O-18-20, passed 11-20-2018) Penalty, see § 152.999
§ 152.282 SIDEWALK CONNECTIONS TO A RIGHT-OF-WAY.
The following shall apply to all non-residential developments and expansions.
(A) Where a sidewalk exists in a public right-of-way adjacent to the property subject to the application, or is required to be constructed as part of the development approval, a pedestrian connection shall be constructed from the building to the sidewalk.
(B) The pedestrian connection shall be a concrete path with a minimum width of six feet and shall be constructed and maintained in accordance with the Village Engineer’s standards.
(C) The sidewalk may be created as part of a driveway; provided that it is delineated with a minimum of a painted line and the portion utilized for vehicular traffic is not reduced from the minimum width requirements.
(Prior Code, § 1153.08) (Ord. O-18-20, passed 11-20-2018)