The off-street parking and loading requirements of this code shall apply as follows.

   A.   For all buildings and structures erected and all uses of land established after the effective date of this code, accessory parking and loading facilities shall be provided as required by the regulations of the district in which such buildings or uses are located. However, where a building permit has been issued prior to the effective date of this code and provided that construction is begun within six (6) months of such effective date and diligently pursued to completion, parking and loading facilities in the amount required for the issuance of said building permit may be provided in lieu of any different amounts required by this code.

   B.   When the intensity of use of any building, structure, or premises shall be increased through the addition of dwelling units, gross floor area, seating capacity, or other units of measurement specified herein for required parking and loading facilities, parking and loading facilities as required herein shall be provided for such increase in intensity of use and for at least fifty (50) percent of any existing deficiency in parking and loading facilities.

   C.   Whenever the existing use of a building structure shall hereafter be changed to a new use, parking or loading facilities shall be provided as required for such new use. However, if the said building or structure was erected prior to the effective date of this code, additional parking or loading facilities are mandatory only in the amount by which the requirements for the new use would exceed those for the existing use, if the latter were subject to the parking and loading provisions of this code.

(Res. 669-94-72, § 901.01, effective 4-5-1995)

   A.   Off-street parking and loading facilities in existence on the effective date of this code and located on the same lot as the building or use served shall not hereafter be reduced below, or if already less than, shall not be further reduced below, the requirements for a similar new building or use under the provisions of this code.

   B.   Any area once designated as required off-street parking or loading shall never be changed to any other use unless and until equal facilities are provided elsewhere.

(Res. 669-94-72, § 901.02, effective 4-5-1995)

   A.   Parking requirements. The off-street parking required by this article shall be provided in accordance with the following requirements.

      1.   One- and two-family dwellings. The off-street parking facilities required for one- and two- family dwellings should be located on the same lot or plot of ground as the building they are intended to serve, but shall not be considered a parking lot under the provisions of this article.

      2.   Multiple-family. The off-street parking facilities for multifamily dwellings shall consist of a parking lot as defined elsewhere in this article. In no event shall any uncovered parking space in a multifamily district be located nearer than ten (10) feet to any main building.

      3.   Mobile home parks. The off-street parking required may be located on each site or in parking lots conveniently located and readily accessible to each site.

      4.   Other land uses. The off-street parking required may be located on each site or in parking lots conveniently located and readily accessible to each site. Such off-lot spaces shall be located only in districts in which similar off-street parking is permitted.

      5.   Control of off-site parking facilities. In cases where parking facilities are permitted on land other than the zoning lot on which the building or use served is located, such facilities shall be in the same possession as the zoning lot occupied by the building or use to which the parking facilities are accessory. Such possession may be either by deed or long-term lease, the term of said lease to be determined by the Building Inspector; and such deed or lease shall be filed with the County Recorder. The deed or lease shall require such owner or his heirs and assigns to maintain the required number of parking facilities for the duration of the use served or of the deed or lease, whichever shall terminate sooner.

   B.   Construction requirements.

      1.   Vehicle accommodation areas that either include lanes for drive-in windows or contain parking areas that are required to have more than ten (10) parking spaces and that are used regularly at least five (5) days per week shall be graded and surfaced with asphalt, concrete, or other material that will provide equivalent protection against potholes, erosion, and dust.

      2.   Vehicle accommodation areas that are not provided with the type of surface specified in subsection B.1 above shall be graded and surfaced with crushed stone, gravel, or other suitable material to provide a surface that is stable and will help to reduce dust and erosion. The perimeter of such parking areas shall be defined by bricks, stones, railroad ties, or other similar devices. In addition, whenever such a vehicle accommodation area abuts a paved street, the driveway leading from such street to such area (or, if there is no driveway, the portion of the vehicle accommodation area that opens onto such streets) shall be paved as provided in subsection B.1 above for a distance of fifteen (15) feet back from the edge of the paved street. This subsection shall not apply to single-family or two-family residences or other uses that are required to have only one (1) or two (2) parking spaces.

      3.   Parking spaces in areas surfaced in accordance with subsection B.1 above shall be appropriately demarcated with painted lines or other markings. Parking spaces in areas surfaced in accordance with subsection B.2 above shall be demarcated whenever practicable.

      4.   Parking facilities shall be completely constructed prior to a certificate of occupancy being issued. Each parking facility must meet any other engineering standards deemed necessary by the Zoning Enforcement Officer and County Engineer.

   C.   Parking lot plans. Plans for the development of any parking lot must be submitted to the Zoning Enforcement Officer and County Engineer, prepared at a scale of not less than fifty (50) feet equals one (1) inch and indicating existing and proposed grades, drainage, pipe sizes, dimensions of parking spaces, type of curbing, drive and aisle dimensions, lighting, adjacent main buildings, sidewalks, landscaping, surfacing, and base materials to be used. The plans of the proposed parking lot layout shall be prepared in a presentable form by person or persons competent in such work and shall reflect conformance with the following provisions.

      1.   Off-street parking spaces.  

         a.   Off-street parking spaces, open to the sky, may be located in any yard if the parking facility is located within a commercial or industrial zone, except that when a required nonresidential parking lot or parking area designed for ten (10) or more vehicles is situated on a parcel which adjoins a residential district or a residential use, provisions stated in subsection C.2 below shall apply.

         b.   Parking facilities in commercial and industrial districts are encouraged to be located behind the front yard setback line whenever possible.

      2.   Parking space dimensions.

         a.   Subject to subsections C.2.b and C.2.c below, each parking space shall contain a rectangular area at least nineteen (19) feet long and nine (9) feet wide. Lines demarcating parking spaces may be drawn at various angles in relation to curbs or aisles, so long as the parking spaces so created contain within them the rectangular area required by this section.

         b.   In parking areas containing ten (10) or more parking spaces, up to fifteen (15) percent of the parking spaces need contain a rectangular area of only eight (8) feet in width by sixteen (16) feet in length. If such spaces are provided, they shall be conspicuously designated as reserved for small or compact cars only.

         c.   Wherever parking areas consist of space set aside for parallel parking, the dimensions of such parking spaces shall be not less than twenty two (22) feet by nine (9) feet.

      3.   Required width of parking area aisles and drainage.

         a.   Parking area aisle widths shall conform to the following table, which varies the width requirement according to the angle of parking.

 

 

         b.   Driveways shall be not less than ten (10) feet in width for one-way traffic and eighteen (18) feet in width for two-way traffic, except that ten (10) foot wide driveways are permissible for two- way traffic when:

            1)   The driveway is not longer than fifty (50) feet;

            2)   It provides access to not more than six (6) spaces; and

            3)   Sufficient turning space is provided so that vehicles need not back into a public street.

      4.   Screening and landscaping.  

         a.   All open vehicle parking areas containing more than ten (10) parking spaces shall be effectively screened on each side which adjoins or faces premises situated in any residential district, or institutional premises, by a fence or vegetative screening of acceptable design. Such fence shall be not less than four (4) feet or more than six (6) feet in height and shall be maintained in good condition without any advertising thereon. The space between such wall or fence and the lot line of the adjoining premises in any R District shall be landscaped with grass, hardy shrubs, or evergreen ground cover and maintained in good condition. In lieu of such wall or fence, a strip of land not less than ten (10) feet in width and planted and maintained with an evergreen hedge or dense planting of evergreen shrubs not less than four (4) feet in height may be substituted.

         b.   When located adjacent to a dedicated public right-of-way, screening shall not be permitted to obstruct clear vision so as to create a potential traffic hazard.

      5.   Access and circulation.

         a.   Unless no other practicable alternative is available, vehicle accommodation areas shall be designed so that, without resorting to extraordinary movements, vehicles may exit such areas without backing onto a public street. This requirement does not apply to parking areas consisting of driveways that serve one (1) or two (2) dwelling units, although backing onto arterial streets is discouraged.

         b.   Vehicle accommodation areas of all developments shall be designed so that sanitation, emergency, and other public service vehicles can serve such developments without the necessity of backing unreasonable distances or making other dangerous or hazardous turning movements.

         c.   Every vehicle accommodation area shall be designed so that vehicles cannot extend beyond the perimeter of such area onto adjacent properties or public rights-of-way. Such areas shall also be designed so that vehicles do not extend over sidewalks or tend to bump against or damage any wall, vegetation, or other obstruction.

         d.   Circulation areas shall be designed so that vehicles can proceed safely without posing a danger to pedestrians or other vehicles and without interfering with parking areas.

         e.   Ingress and egress to a parking lot lying in an area zoned for other than single-family residential use shall not be across land zoned for single-family residential use.

         f.   Each entrance and exit to and from any off-street parking lot located in an area zoned for other than single-family residential use shall be at least twenty five (25) feet distant from adjacent property located in any single-family residential district.

      6.   Lighting. All illumination for or on all such parking lots shall be deflected away from adjacent residential areas and shall be installed in such a manner as to allow the reduction of the amount of light in other than normal parking hours each day. The source of illumination in all parking lots abutting a residential area shall not be more than sixteen (16) feet above the parking lot surface.

      7.   Cleaning and maintenance. The parking facility shall be kept free from refuse and debris and in good structural condition through periodic maintenance by the owner or his agent, who shall also be responsible for snow removal.

(Res. 669-94-72, § 902.01, effective 4-5-1995; Res. 80-13-159, effective 7-5-2013; Res. 57-18-182, effective 1-5-2018)

   A.   Collective provision.

      1.   Off-street parking facilities for separate uses may be provided collectively if the total number of spaces so provided is no less than the sum of the separate requirements governing location of accessory parking spaces in relation to the use served are adhered to. Further, no parking space or portion thereof shall serve as a required space for more than one use unless otherwise authorized by the Planning Commission.

      2.   Parking spaces already provided to meet off-street parking requirements for places of public assembly, commercial or industrial establishments, lying within five hundred (500) feet of a church measured along lines of public access; and that are not normally used between the hours of 6:00 a.m. and 6:00 p.m. on Sundays; and that are made available to the respective church for parking use, may be used to meet not more than seventy five (75) percent of the off-street parking requirements of such church.

   B.   Parking restrictions. Off-street parking of vehicles shall be restricted by the following requirements.

      2.   Restriction on parking on private property. It shall be unlawful for any person, firm, or corporation to park any motor vehicle on any private property, or use of said private property as parking space, without the express or implied consent, authorization, or ratification of holder, owner, occupant, lessee, agent, or trustee of such property. Complaint for the violation of this section shall be made by the owner, holder, occupant, lessee, agent, or trustee of such property.

      3.   Open storage. After the effective date of this code, it shall be unlawful for the owner, tenant, or lessee of any lot, parcel, or tract of land in a residential district or in the residential area of any other district, to permit or allow the open storage or parking, either day or night, thereon of trucks, semi-trucks and trailers, mobile homes (exclusive of recreational vehicles), bulldozers, earth carriers, drag lines, cranes, steam shovels and/or any other equipment or machinery. It is provided, however, that the owner, tenant, or lessee of a farm may openly store the machinery and equipment used on his farm; and it is further provided that equipment necessary to be parked overnight on a lot, parcel or tract of land during construction work thereon shall be excepted from this restriction.

   C.   Number of parking spaces required. Off-street parking spaces shall be provided in accordance with the space requirements for respective types of land use as follows.

      1.   Residential uses.

         a.   Single-family or two-family residential: two (2) spaces per dwelling unit; and

         b.   Multifamily residential: two (2) spaces per dwelling unit.

      2.   Special residential uses.

         a.   Dormitory, convent, or monastery: one (1) space per six (6) residents plus one (1) space per employee;

         b.   Corporate guest house: one (1) space per two (2) bedrooms, plus one (1) space per employee;

         c.   Residence family or group home: one (1) space per four (4) residents plus one (1) space per employee; and

         d.   Retirement village or senior citizen housing: one-half (1/2) space per dwelling unit, plus one (1) space per employee.

      3.   Institutional and recreational uses.

         a.   Cemetery: one (1) space per employee, plus one (1) space per four (4) seats in any chapels;

         b.   College, university, or seminary: one (1) space for every three (3) student classroom seats, plus one (1) space per employee;

         c.   Community center, library, museum, art gallery, botanical garden, or other establishment of historical, educational, and cultural interest: one (1) space per two hundred fifty (250) square feet of gross floor area, plus one (1) space per employee on the largest work shift;

         d.   Day care, kindergarten, nursery: one (1) space per employee, plus one (1) space per five (5) children at capacity, plus a drop-off area consistent with the provisions of this code;

         e.   Elementary or junior high school: one (1) space per employee, plus one (1) space per two (2) classrooms;

         f.   High school: one (1) space per employee, plus one (1) space per six (6) students at capacity;

         g.   Hospital or medical center: one (1) space for every two (2) beds, plus one (1) space for every staff and employee on the largest work shift;

         h.   Place of worship: one (1) space per four (4) seats at maximum capacity in the main auditorium;

         i.   Public office or building: one (1) space for every two hundred fifty (250) square feet of gross floor area;

         j.   Nursing or personal care facility, including a nursing home, extended care facility, rest home, or convalescent home: one (1) space per six (6) beds, plus one (1) space for each staff and employee on the largest work shift; and

         k.   Recreational uses, indoor and outdoor.

            1)   In addition to the following requirements, all recreational uses shall provide one (1) space for every two (2) employees on the largest work shift.

            2)   All recreational uses shall provide the total number of spaces required for the specific combination of recreational facilities provided, based on the following:

               a)   Auditorium, arena, stadium, gymnasium, or a playing field with stands: one (1) space for every four (4) seats at capacity;

               b)   Golf course: ten (10) spaces per hole, plus fifty (50) percent of the spaces otherwise required for any accessory uses (e.g., a bar, restaurant, pro shop);

               c)   Park, playground, nature area or open space: one (1) space for every five (5) users at maximum capacity. The Director of Development or his designee may waive any portion or all of this requirement for neighborhood parks, nature areas, and open space, providing there is adequate on street parking;

               d)   Recreation center: one (1) space for every two hundred fifty (250) square feet of floor area, except those designed for use exclusively by senior citizens or youth under age sixteen (16), in which case there shall be one (1) space for every seven hundred fifty (750) square feet;

               e)   Game rooms: one (1) space for every two (2) patrons at maximum capacity, plus one (1) space for every two (2) employees on the largest work shift;

               f)   Skating rink: one (1) space per three hundred (300) square feet of gross floor area;

               g)   Swimming pool: one (1) space for every seventy five (75) square feet of water surface area; and

               h)   Tennis, racquetball, or handball court, indoor: four (4) spaces for each playing court; outdoor tennis courts, two (2) spaces for each court.

      4.   Business and professional offices.

         a.   Animal hospital or veterinary clinic: three (3) spaces for each examination room, plus one (1) space for each staff and employee.

         b.   Business, professional office, or association: one (1) space per three hundred (300) square feet of gross floor area, but not less than two (2) spaces per office.

         c.   Medical office or clinic: three (3) spaces per treatment or examination room or chair, plus one (1) space per staff and employee, but not less than five (5) spaces per practitioner.

      5.   Retail commercial and service uses.

         a.   Commercial school or studio: one (1) space for every three (3) students at capacity and one (1) space for each employee.

         b.   Commercial stable: one (1) space for every two (2) horses (or other riding animals), based on the number of horse stalls or maximum number of horses permitted on the property, plus one (1) space for each employee on the largest shift.

         c.   Cleaning service: one (1) space for every three hundred (300) square feet of sales and office area, plus one (1) space for every employee on the largest work shift, plus one (1) space for every company or service vehicle regularly parked on the premises.

         d.   Financial establishment, bank, or savings and loan association: one (1) space per two hundred (200) square feet of gross floor area, plus one (1) space per employee on the largest work shift, plus five (5) stacking spaces per drive-in window or drive-through machine.

         e.   Funeral home or mortuary: one (1) space for every fifty (50) square feet of public floor area, plus one (1) space for each employee, plus one (1) space for each business vehicle.

         f.   General merchandise store or supermarket: one (1) space for each one hundred fifty (150) square feet of gross floor area used for sales and display, and one (1) space for every two hundred fifty (250) square feet of storage, warehouse, and office area.

         g.   Home furnishing, home improvement or equipment store: one (1) space for each four hundred (400) square feet of indoor and outdoor sales and display area and one (1) space for each eight (8) hundred (800) square feet of office, storage, and warehouse area.

         h.   Nursery or garden supply store: one (1) space for each employee on the largest shift, one (1) space for each two hundred (200) square feet of gross floor area of inside sales or display, and one (1) space for each one thousand (1,000) square feet of exterior sales and display area.

         i.   Pet store: one (1) space for every two hundred (200) square feet of gross floor area.

         j.   Restaurant, table service or cafeteria-style: one (1) space per two (2) seats, plus one (1) space per two (2) employees on the largest shift with a minimum of fifteen (15) total spaces.

         k.   Specialty retail commercial, specialty food store, personal service and commercial center, shopping center: one (1) space for every two hundred (200) square feet of gross floor area less than two thousand (2,000) square feet and one (1) space for every two hundred fifty (250) square feet of gross floor area greater than two thousand (2,000) square feet, except that commercial entertainment uses in commercial centers shall provide additional parking as required in the road service and commercial entertainment uses listed below.

      6.   Road service and commercial entertainment uses.

         a.   Automobile accessories sale or installation: two (2) spaces for every service bay, plus one (1) space for each employee, plus one (1) space for every four hundred (400) square feet of sales area.

         b.   Automobile filling station and auto repair, painting and body shop: two (2) spaces for each service bay, plus one (1) space for each employee and service vehicle, with a minimum of six (6) spaces, plus one (1) space for every one hundred twenty five (125) square feet of retail floor area if a convenience store is an accessory use.

         c.   Automobile washing facility: one (1) space for each employee with a minimum of four (4) spaces, plus five (5) off-street waiting spaces for each car washing device or stall, or fifteen (15) off- street waiting spaces for an assembly-line type washing establishment, and two (2) parking spaces at the end of each washing bay for drying and hand-finishing vehicles.

         d.   Commercial entertainment:

            1)   Bowling alley: five (5) spaces for each alley, plus any additional spaces required for a bar, restaurant, or other accessory use;

            2)   Assembly or exhibition hall: one (1) space for every fifty (50) square feet of floor area;

            3)   Game room: one (1) space for every two (2) patrons at maximum capacity, plus one (1) space for every two (2) employees on the largest work shift;

            4)   Golf driving range: one (1) space per tee, plus one (1) space per employee on the largest work shift;

            5)   Miniature golf: one and one-half (1-1/2) spaces per hole, plus one (1) space per employee on the largest work shift;

            6)   Other outdoor commercial entertainment: one (1) space for every four (4) patrons at maximum capacity, plus one (1) space for every two (2) employees on the largest work shift; and

            7)   Theater, concert hall, or meeting and banquet hall: one (1) space for every two and one-half (2-1/2) seats at capacity.

         e.   Convenience food store, mini-market, or carry-out: one (1) space for every one hundred twenty five (125) square feet of floor area.

         f.   Drive-through store, including a photo kiosk or freestanding automatic teller machine: one (1) space for each employee, plus stacking space for five (5) vehicles, plus one (1) space for each two hundred (200) square feet of sales area open to the public.

         g.   Fraternal and social association or private club: one (1) space for every fifty (50) square feet of floor area in assembly or meeting rooms, plus one (1) space for every two hundred (200) square feet of other floor area.

         h.   Hotel or motel: one (1) space per room or suite, plus one (1) space for every three (3) employees on the largest work shift, plus one (1) space per three (3) persons to the maximum capacity of each public meeting and/or banquet room, plus fifty (50) percent of the spaces otherwise required for accessory uses (e.g., restaurant and barns).

         i.   Restaurant, fast-food: one (1) space per two (2) seats, plus one (1) space per two (2) employees on the largest shift with a minimum of fifteen (15) total spaces, plus stacking space for eight (8) vehicles shall be provided for each drive-in window, with such stacking spaces to be located behind the point where a drive-in order is placed.

         j.   Tavern, barn, or nightclub: one (1) space for every fifty (50) square feet of gross floor area, plus one (1) space for each employee on the largest work shift.

         k.   Vehicle sale or service: one (1) parking space for each eight hundred (800) square feet of floor area, plus one (1) space for each three thousand (3,000) square feet of open lot area devoted to the sale and display of motor vehicles.

      7.   Limited industrial uses.

         a.   Construction trade, contractor office, or industrial craft shop: one (1) space for every three hundred (300) square feet of floor area, plus one (1) space for every business vehicle.

         b.   Lumberyard or building materials sale: one (1) parking space for each eight hundred (800) square feet of floor area, plus one (1) space for every three thousand (3,000) square feet of lot area devoted to the storage and display of building materials.

         c.   Manufacturing, printing and publishing establishment, and laundry and dry cleaning plant: one (1) space for each employee on the largest work shift, plus one (1) visitor parking space for every ten thousand (10,000) square feet of floor area, plus one (1) space for every company vehicle regularly stored on the premises.

         d.   Recycling center: one (1) space for each employee or volunteer on the largest work shift, plus one (1) parking space for each collection vehicle and two (2) drop-off spaces for each bay and/or collection vehicle and container.

         e.   Warehouse or mini-warehouse: one (1) space for every four thousand (4,000) square feet of gross floor area, plus one (1) space per employee on the largest work shift.

         f.   Wholesaling facility: one (1) space for every three hundred (300) square feet of office and sales area, plus one (1) space for every four thousand (4,000) square feet of warehouse and storage area, plus one (1) space per employee on the largest work shift.

         g.   Service yard or garage: one (1) space for each employee on the largest work shift, plus one (1) space for each business vehicle.

      8.   Parking for disabled persons.

         a.   Parking spaces specifically designed, located, and reserved for vehicles licensed by the state for use by the disabled shall be provided in each parking facility of twenty five (25) or more spaces according to the following table:

 

 

         b.   Each parking space for the handicapped shall consist of a rectangular area not less than twelve (12) feet wide by eighteen (18) feet long, with a vertical clearance of seven and one-half (7-1/2) feet, shall be located in an area not exceeding a two (2) percent slope, and shall be located near or convenient to a level or ramped entrance, not exceeding a five (5) percent slope, to the facility served by the parking space. Parking spaces for the disabled shall be signed and restricted for use by the handicapped only.

(Res. 669-94-72, § 902.02, effective 4-5-1995; Res. 80-13-159, effective 7-5-2013; Res. 57-18-182, effective 1-5-2018)

   On the same premises with every building or part thereof, erected and occupied for manufacturing, processing, storage, warehouse, goods display, department store, restaurant, wholesale, grocery, laundry, dry cleaning, or other uses similarly involving the receipt or distribution of vehicles, material, or merchandise, there shall be provided and maintained on the lot adequate space for standing, loading, and unloading services in order to avoid undue interference with street or parking areas.

   A.   Such loading and unloading space, unless completely and adequately provided for within a building, shall be a minimum area of ten (10) feet by fifty (50) feet, with fourteen (14) foot height clearance, and shall be provided according to Table 1 in § 903.02.

   B.   Access to truck loading and unloading space shall be provided directly from a public street or alley or from any right-of-way that will not interfere with public convenience and that will permit the orderly and safe movement of trucks. No permitted or special loading zone shall be located within fifty (50) feet of the nearest point of intersection of any two (2) thoroughfares.

   C.   No loading space shall be located within a required front or side yard when adjacent to any R District. No permitted or required loading space shall be closer than fifty (50) feet to any lot in any R District unless wholly enclosed within a building.

   D.   All loading areas in view of any residential district shall be screened from such view in a manner satisfactory to the Planning Commission.

   E.   All open loading spaces shall be graded and improved with bituminous concrete or portland cement concrete.

   F.   All loading spaces shall be provided with adequate drainage facilities as approved by the Zoning Enforcement Officer.

   G.   Off-street loading space areas shall not be construed as, or counted towards, the supplying of area required as off-street parking space area.

(Res. 669-94-72, § 903.01, effective 4-5-1995)

   A.   In connection with every building or part thereof hereafter erected, except dwellings, there shall be provided, on the same lot with such buildings, off-street loading spaces or berths, for uses which customarily receive or distribute material or merchandise by vehicle, in accordance with the following requirements:

   Table 1

 

 

   B.   Where receiving and shipping goods are not an integral part of the business of industry, the above requirements may be waived by the Zoning Enforcement Officer.

(Res. 669-94-72, § 903.02, effective 4-5-1995; Res. 80-13-159, effective 7-5-2013)