Zoneomics Logo
search icon

Foster Township City Zoning Code

ARTICLE VIII

Supplemental Regulations

§ 255-801 Purpose and intent.

Certain uses of land and/or buildings, as specified herein, whether permitted by right or special exception, shall be subject to supplemental regulations in addition to those of the district in which the use is located.

§ 255-802 Agricultural uses.

A. 
Horse stables and riding academies. The minimum lot size shall be two acres, and the maximum density shall be one horse per acre. No storing manure shall be located within 250 feet of any lot line. Manure shall be regularly collected and disposed of in such a manner so as to prevent odors and surface liquids from leaving the property.
B. 
Raising of livestock or poultry. Minimum lot size for the raising of livestock or poultry shall be five acres, and the raising of more than 50 animals shall require a minimum lot size of 25 acres. In both cases, the minimum building and other impervious surface coverage shall not exceed 10%. Any structure or concentrated feeding or grazing area for the raising of 50 or fewer animals shall be located not less than 100 feet from a lot line and 250 feet from any lot line of an existing residential dwelling unit or residential zoning district. This section shall not be interpreted to permit an agricultural use in a residential district. Any structure or concentrated feeding or grazing area for the raising of more than 50 animals shall be located not less than 300 feet from a lot line, and 1,000 feet from any lot line of an existing residential dwelling unit or residential zoning district. No animals, animal products, or animal waste/manure shall be permitted within the required yard areas. Manure storage facilities and concentrated feeding areas used for the keeping of livestock or poultry shall not be located within 250 feet of any stream, body of water, floodplain, water source, water well or open sinkhole. Any operation regulated under the Pennsylvania Nutrient Management Act[1] shall provide evidence that the use will comply with the applicable provisions of the Act. Access drives shall be sufficient in size to accommodate the anticipated amount, type and size of vehicular traffic.
[1]
Editor's Note: The Nutrient Management Act, 3 P.S. § 1701 et seq., was repealed by 2005, July 6, P.L. 112, No. 38, § 3. See now the Nutrient Management and Odor Management Act, 3 Pa.C.S.A. § 501 et seq.
C. 
Retail sales of agricultural products (including nurseries). The erection of temporary structures shall be permitted, provided that they are disassembled at the end of each season when products are not being offered for sale. No area, temporary structure, stand, parking area or loading space utilized for the sale of agricultural products shall be located less than 50 feet from any existing residential dwelling unit, residentially zoned boundary line, and street right-of-way; and not less than 100 feet from any street intersection. The applicant shall prove that the all access drives have adequate sight distances based upon Pennsylvania Department of Transportation regulations and guidelines, regardless of whether the access drive abuts a state highway.

§ 255-803 Animal hospital.

An animal hospital shall maintain all activities within a completely enclosed, soundproof building, and no objectionable odors shall be vented outside the building. No animal hospital shall be located less than 100 feet from any property line.

§ 255-804 Apartment buildings/townhouses (multifamily dwelling units) and two-family dwelling units.

Townhouse buildings shall contain no more than eight single-family dwelling units. Maximum building height shall be three stories or 35 feet. Maximum percentage of building coverage on a lot per dwelling unit, exclusive of common or public open areas, shall be 30%. A lot area of 3,000 square feet shall be required for each dwelling unit. A minimum lot width of not less than 150 feet shall be required for apartment building and 20 feet for each townhouse unit. The minimum distance between principal structures shall be 25 feet. The exterior appearance of the building shall be so constructed and maintained so as to retain the residential character of the neighborhood. Fire escapes, when required, shall be located in the rear of the building and shall not be located on any side of the building that faces a street. Service entrances, trash and garbage and drying yards shall be enclosed and screened from public view. No dwelling unit shall have its own driveway entering onto an arterial or collector street. Public or central sanitary sewer must be available.

§ 255-805 Assisted living facilities, nursing homes or personal care centers.

The minimum lot size shall be one acre. All buildings shall be located not less than 50 feet from any property line or street line. A minimum of 20% of the lot shall designed, developed, used, and maintained for outdoor recreational activities limited to one or more of the following: garden areas, sitting areas, picnic areas and/or pedestrian walkways.

§ 255-806 Automobile-related activities.

A. 
Automotive repair garage. Activities, including the repair of automobiles, trucks, snowmobiles and motorcycles, shall be conducted within a completely enclosed building where adequate measures shall be taken to minimize noise, vibrations, fumes and glare. All paint work shall be performed within a building, with a ventilation system that directs fumes away from adjacent properties and buildings. Temporary outdoor parking of vehicles intended to be replaced is permitted in the side or rear yard areas only, and those vehicles shall be licensed and inspected at all times. Only vehicles to be repaired on the premises or picked up by the vehicle owner may be stored in the yard area. Storage of vehicles shall be permitted for no longer than 30 days. Service bays shall face the front yard property line whenever possible. Where the operation abuts on the side or rear property line of a district having residences as a principal permitted use, a solid wall or substantial attractive fence six feet in height shall be constructed and maintained in good condition along such boundary. Outdoor trash dumpsters shall be concealed within an area surrounded by solid opaque fencing not less than six feet in height. Outside lighting shall be directed away from adjacent properties.
B. 
Automotive sales. The outdoor display of new or used automobiles, boats, recreational vehicles, motorcycles, manufactured homes or mobile homes shall meet the required principal building setback requirements. Where an automotive sales use abuts a rear or side lot line of any district having residences as a principal permitted use, a solid wall or substantial, attractive fence six feet in height shall be constructed and maintained in good condition along such boundary. Outdoor trash dumpsters shall be concealed within an area surrounded by solid opaque fencing not less than six feet in height. Outside lighting shall be directed away from adjacent properties.
C. 
Car wash. Appropriate drainage facilities for washing activities shall be provided wherein water from the car wash will not flow onto sidewalks, streets or adjoining properties. The site shall be sufficiently large to accommodate three cars per stall waiting or washing during peak periods so that lines along public streets are avoided. Such operations shall also comply with any applicable regulations of the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection. Car wash operations abutting on the side or rear property lines of a district having residences as a principal permitted use shall provide a solid wall or substantial, attractive, tight fence six feet in height and well-maintained along such boundary. Outdoor trash dumpsters shall be concealed within an area by a solid fence not less than six feet in height. Outdoor lighting shall be directed away from adjacent properties.
D. 
Gas station, limited-service gas stations (also includes convenience stores with gasoline sales). Where such use abuts on the rear or side lot line of a district having residences as a principal permitted use or a property being used for residential purposes, the following requirements shall apply to the side and rear yard property boundaries:
(1) 
Construction of a solid wall or solid opaque fencing eight feet in height, designed to conceal and screen the property from adjoining properties.
(2) 
Within a required rear yard or side yard setback, there shall be a landscaped planting strip not less than four feet in depth, planted with shrubs or trees which are not less than three feet high at the time of planting and which are of a type that may be expected to form a year-round dense screen at least six feet high within three years. The landscaped planting strip shall be maintained in good condition at all times, including the replacement of any shrubs or trees which are damaged, die or otherwise fail to grow.
(3) 
Outdoor trash dumpsters shall be concealed within an area surrounded by solid opaque fencing not less than six feet in height.
(4) 
Gasoline pumps or other service appliances and canopies may be located in the required front yard subject to having a setback of not less than 25 feet from the right-of-way line of the adjoining street. All repair services, storage or similar activities in connection with the use shall be conducted within the building where adequate measures shall be taken to minimize noise, fumes and glare. Outside lighting shall be directed away from adjacent properties.

§ 255-807 Bed-and-breakfast.

A. 
A bed-and-breakfast shall be within an owner-occupied dwelling which is rented on a nightly basis for periods of normally not more than a week. There shall not be separate cooking facilities in any guest rooms. Dining and other facilities shall not be open to the public, but shall be exclusively for the use of the residents and registered guests. Two off-street parking spaces shall be provided for each rental unit.
B. 
No signs, show windows or any type of display or advertising shall be visible from outside the premises, except for a single wall or freestanding sign, which shall not be internally illuminated, with a maximum sign area of four square feet on each of two sides, if freestanding, and with a maximum height of eight feet.
C. 
In a residential district, the exterior of the building shall not be changed in any way that would decrease its residential appearance and character, except for needed modifications for historic restoration, handicapped access or fire safety.

§ 255-808 Big box retail store.

A. 
Preapplication conference. Prior to submitting a complete conditional use application for a large retail establishment, the applicant is encouraged to meet with the Township Planning Commission and the Board of Supervisors to discuss the conditional use permit process and issues that may affect the proposed conditional use. This meeting is to provide for an exchange of general and preliminary information only, and no statement made in such meeting by either the applicant or the members of the Planning Commission or Board of Supervisors shall be regarded as binding or authoritative.
B. 
Site plan. A site plan shall be required which illustrates the specific location of setbacks, easements, all existing and proposed buildings and structures, access points, buffering, vehicular and pedestrian circulation patterns, parking, signage, loading and delivery areas, mechanical equipment, drainage, landscaping, and the specific location of the use or uses of the development, elevation plans and profiles of all proposed structures, and other information necessary to establish that all applicable requirements will be met.
C. 
Parking lots.
(1) 
Four spaces for each 1,000 square feet of gross floor area.
(2) 
The number of off-street parking spaces shall not exceed 110% of the required minimum number of off-street parking spaces.
(3) 
Provide for bicycle access, including bike lanes where appropriate.
(4) 
Provide customer trash receptacles throughout the parking lot. The parking lot shall be cleared daily of all trash, debris or other discarded material not placed within trash receptacles.
(5) 
All parking lots will be posted "No Overnight Camper or Trailers Permitted" with enforcement of same being the responsibility of the applicant.
D. 
Drainage and surfacing of off-street parking areas. Excluding points of ingress or regress, the paved parking area shall be curbed. Approval of a stormwater management plan in compliance with Chapter 192, Stormwater Management, of the Code of the Township of Foster shall be required.
E. 
Landscaping and screening requirements.
(1) 
A planting bed with a minimum width of 10 feet shall be located between parking lots and the street right-of-way.
(2) 
Landscaping shall be used along site boundaries as required to screen blank walls, service and loading areas and open parking.
(3) 
An evergreen or mixture of evergreen and deciduous vegetation designed to be maintained at a height of at least 2.5 feet and not more than 3.5 feet is required along the street frontage of any open parking lot.
(4) 
Surface parking lots shall provide internal landscaping at the rate of a minimum of 10 square feet of landscaped area per parking stall. This is a minimum requirement and may be increased to meet other criteria contained in this chapter. The landscaping shall include at least one shrub for every 20 square feet of landscaped area and one shrub per enclosed bed. One tree shall be required for every 10 open parking spaces. Vegetation ground cover shall be provided for all landscaped areas that will provide 90% coverage within two years. Landscaping designs shall include evergreen materials.
(5) 
Drought-tolerant materials shall be used for all plantings.
(6) 
Screening must be provided along side and rear exterior lot lines which is adjacent to a residential use and/or district. Unless otherwise required, the following landscaping and screening provisions will apply: A six-foot wall, fence, berm, evergreen screening plant material, or a combination of wall, fence, berm or evergreen screening plant material with a combined minimum height of six feet above grade shall be used for the purposes of screening. If evergreen plant material is used, it must be at least four feet in height at the time of planting and capable of forming a continuous opaque screen at least six feet in height, with individual plantings spaced not more than five feet apart. Berms shall have a side slope no greater that 3:1.
F. 
Signs.
(1) 
The total square feet of all types of signage located upon the property shall not exceed three times the amount of frontage of the lot.
(2) 
Blinking, animated, moving or changeable copy signs are prohibited.
(3) 
Signs on the building shall not extend above the parapet or roofline. Parapet walls may not be erected for the sole purpose of extending sign heights and when they are not in character with the rest of the building or complex.
(4) 
Signs shall be designed and located to minimize impacts on residential uses. Signs shall not be located on any wall, canopy or building facade facing abutting residential zones.
(5) 
A freestanding sign shall not exceed 250 square feet in area and shall not exceed a height of 25 feet.
(6) 
A freestanding sign shall have a minimum setback of 15 feet from any property line as measured from the outer most edge of the sign.
(7) 
Only one freestanding sign shall be allowed on each street frontage.
(8) 
No directional sign shall exceed 30 square feet in area, and there shall be no limitation on the number of on-site directional signs.
(9) 
No more than eight wall signs may be displayed on a building.
(10) 
No temporary sign shall exceed 200 square feet.
G. 
Pedestrian access and circulation.
(1) 
Public sidewalks at least six feet in width shall be provided along all public streets.
(2) 
Continuous internal pedestrian walkways shall be provided from the public sidewalk or right-of-way to the principal customer entrance of all large retail establishments on the site. The walkways shall have a minimum width of six feet, exclusive of vehicle overhang area. At a minimum, walkways shall connect focal points of pedestrian activity, such as, but not limited to, transit stops, street crossings, building and store entry points, and shall feature adjoining landscaped areas that include trees, shrubs, benches, flower beds, ground covers or other such materials for no less than 50% of the length of the walkway.
(3) 
Sidewalks shall be provided along the full length of the building along any facade featuring a customer entrance, and along any facade abutting public parking areas. The sidewalk shall have a minimum width of six feet, exclusive of vehicle bumper overhang area. Such sidewalks shall be located at least six feet from the facade of the building to provide planting beds for foundation landscaping, except where features such as arcades or entryways are part of the facade.
(4) 
Awnings, canopies, marquees, arcades, building overhangs or similar forms of pedestrian weather protection, at least 4.5 feet wide, shall be provided over a pedestrian walkway along at least 80% of any facade with a customer entrance. Such weather protection shall be at least eight feet above the sidewalk. If placed more than eight feet above the walkway, the weather protection shall be at least an additional six inches in width for each additional foot of height, or portion thereof.
(5) 
All internal pedestrian walkways shall be distinguished from driving surfaces through a change in material. Durable, low-maintenance surface materials such as pavers, bricks or scored concrete shall be used to enhance pedestrian safety and comfort, as well as the attractiveness of the walkways. Signs shall be installed to designate pedestrian walkways.
(6) 
Walkways shall be designed for pedestrian safety and shall avoid or mitigate vehicle and pedestrian route conflicts through lighting, bollards and other features.
(7) 
Cart corrals shall not encroach on walkways.
(8) 
Bike racks shall be located in a well-lighted area close to building entrances.
H. 
Outdoor storage, trash collection, and loading areas.
(1) 
Areas for outdoor storage, truck parking, trash collection or compaction, loading, or other such uses shall not be visible from public or private rights-of-way.
(2) 
No areas for outdoor storage, trash collection or compaction, loading, or other such uses shall be located within 20 feet of any public or street, public sidewalk, or internal pedestrianway.
(3) 
Loading docks, truck parking, outdoor storage, utility meters, HVAC equipment, trash dumpsters, trash compaction, and other service functions shall be incorporated into the overall design of the building and the landscaping so that the visual and acoustic impacts of these functions are fully contained and out of view from adjacent properties and public streets..
(4) 
Nonenclosed areas for the storage and sale of seasonal inventory shall be permanently defined and screened with walls and/or fences. Materials, colors, and designs of screening walls and/or fences and the cover shall conform to those used as predominant materials and colors of the building.
I. 
Lighting.
(1) 
All outdoor lighting shall be sized and directed to avoid adverse impact and spillover onto adjacent properties. Upward-directed lighting is prohibited. Outside parking lot lighting shall not be less than one footcandle per IES (Illuminating Engineering Society of North America) minimum lighting standards at the property line and shall be designed to minimize glare and spillover onto adjacent properties. Building and aesthetic lighting must be shielded to prevent direct glare and/or light trespass in excess of one footcandle at the property line.
(2) 
Night lighting shall be provided for all pedestrian walkways.
(3) 
All exterior lighting shall utilize cutoff shields or otherwise be designed to conceal the light source from adjoining uses and streets.
(4) 
The maximum height of light poles in parking lots shall not exceed 20 feet.

§ 255-809 Boardinghouse/rooming house.

The property shall be limited to providing lodging for not more than four persons, excluding the owner of the property. Off-street parking spaces shall be provided for each person residing therein.

§ 255-810 Bottle club.

A. 
A bottle club, as so defined in Article II of this chapter, shall be located not less than 1,000 feet from any of the following uses:
(1) 
A residential dwelling.
(2) 
A place of worship.
(3) 
A public or quasi-public use or structure.
(4) 
A zoning boundary of any zoning district in which residences are permitted as a principal permitted use.
B. 
Measurements of the required distance shall be made in a straight line from the nearest portion of the structure or premises of an adult use to the nearest property line of the above-noted uses. The structure and/or premises of an adult use, including all off-street parking areas, shall be completely enclosed by a buffer area as so defined in Article II of this chapter. The owner of the property shall be responsible to maintain such buffer area in good condition, including the replacement of any trees which are damaged, die, removed by whatever means or otherwise fail to grow.

§ 255-811 Bulk fuel storage.

Bulk fuel storage shall be located on a tract of land not less than 10 acres. Storage tanks shall be located not less than 1,000 feet from any property line and shall be not less than 2,000 feet from any dwelling, school, church or similar use. Cylinder filling rooms, pumps, compressors and truck filling stations shall be located 500 feet from all property lines The property shall be fenced with an eight-foot-high, industrial-gauge fence. If the storage property abuts on the side or rear property line containing a residence, the fence shall be screened from view by a dense growth of evergreens at least five feet in height at the time of planting. Bulk fuel storage facilities shall be developed in full compliance with all applicable federal, state and insurance regulations.

§ 255-812 Cemeteries.

The minimum lot area shall be five acres, which may be on the same lot as a permitted place of worship. All structures, graves or places of permanent burial shall be set back not less than 50 feet from all property lines and street lines, and shall not be located within any 100-year floodplain. The cemetery shall be enclosed by a fence, wall or shrubbery at least three feet in height. The interior roads shall have a minimum width of 12 feet and shall be properly maintained with either gravel or paving. The applicant and/or owner must provide sufficient proof that an appropriate financial system is in place or will be implemented to guarantee perpetual maintenance of the cemetery.

§ 255-813 Commercial communication antennas (attached to building or structure).

A commercial communication antenna when attached to an existing building or structure shall require approval as a conditional use and shall be subject to the following requirements:
A. 
Commercial communications antennas shall not be located or permitted on any building or structure located within a residential zoning district.
B. 
A Commercial communications antennas mounted on a building or other structure shall not exceed eight feet in height above the existing building or structure and shall not exceed three feet in width.
C. 
A commercial communications antenna shall comply with all applicable standards established by the Federal Communications Commission governing human exposure to electromagnetic radiation. A copy of the subject standards shall be submitted with a zoning permit application along with a graphic depiction of the proposed communications antenna.
D. 
The applicant shall provide a copy of its current Federal Communication Commission license.
E. 
The applicant shall provide certification and documentation from a Pennsylvania registered professional engineer, certifying that the proposed installation will not exceed the structural capacity of the building or structure, considering wind and other loads associated with such mount or location.
F. 
The applicant shall provide evidence of agreements and/or easements necessary to provide access to the building or structure on which the commercial communications antenna is to be mounted.
G. 
The applicant shall provide a certificate of insurance evidencing general liability coverage in the minimum amount of $1,000,000 per occurrence and property damage coverage in the minimum amount of $1,000,000 per occurrence.
H. 
An antenna mounted upon an existing structure shall be removed by the owner of same within six months of the discontinuance of its use. The owner shall provide Foster Township with a copy of the notice to the FCC of intent to cease operations. The six-month period for the removal of an antenna mounted upon an existing structure shall commence on the date indicated for ceasing operations.

§ 255-814 Commercial communication antennas (co-location).

The placement of a commercial communication antenna upon an existing commercial communication tower or an existing public utility transmission tower shall be permitted by right in all nonresidential zoning districts. Said antenna shall be removed by the owner of same within six months of the discontinuance of its use. The owner shall provide Foster Township with a copy of the notice to the FCC of intent to cease operations. The six-month period for the removal of an antenna mounted upon an existing structure shall commence on the date indicated for ceasing operations.

§ 255-815 Commercial communications facility.

Commercial communication facilities shall be subject to the following requirements:
A. 
Commercial communications antenna.
(1) 
Commercial communications antennas shall comply with all applicable standards established by the Federal Communications Commission governing human exposure to electromagnetic radiation. A copy of the subject standards shall be submitted with a zoning permit application.
(2) 
The applicant shall provide a copy of its current Federal Communication Commission license.
B. 
Commercial communication tower.
(1) 
A written statement and graphic depiction that describes and depicts the proposed tower, including the type of construction (monopole, lattice tower, guyed tower), tower height and the provision for co-location.
(2) 
The submission of not less than three color photos, no smaller than eight inches by 10 inches, taken from locations within a three-mile radius of the proposed site of a communications tower, as selected by the Board and computer enhanced to simulate the as-built appearance of the tower as it would appear from these locations.
(3) 
Certification and documentation from a Pennsylvania registered professional engineer that the proposed tower will be designed in accordance with the current Structural Standards for Steel Antenna Towers and Antenna Supporting Structures, published by the Electrical Industrial Association/Telecommunications Industry Association, and applicable requirements of the Pennsylvania Uniform Construction Code and other applicable regulations.
(4) 
The name, address, and emergency telephone number for operator of the tower.
(5) 
The applicant shall demonstrate, using technological evidence, that the tower must be located where it is being proposed and that it represents the minimum height required to function satisfactorily.
(6) 
All new towers shall be engineered and constructed to accommodate at least one other user.
(7) 
Unless required by the FAA, no tower may use artificial or strobe lighting. The tower shall be a brownish color (whether painted brown or caused by oxidation or otherwise to lessen its visual impact) up to the height of the tallest nearby trees. Above that height, it shall be painted silver or another color that will minimize its visual impact.
(8) 
A tower shall be set back from all property lines a distance that is not less than 120% of the height of the tower as measured in linear feet.
(9) 
An applicant proposing the construction of a tower shall demonstrate that a good-faith effort has been made to obtain permission to mount the communications antennas on an existing building, structure or communications tower. A good-faith effort shall require that all owners of potentially suitable structures within a 1/2 mile radius of the proposed tower site be contacted. The applicant shall supply supporting documentation for not selecting an alternate location.
(10) 
All guy wires associated with a guyed tower shall be clearly marked at ground level so as to be visible at all times and shall be located within a fenced enclosure.
(11) 
No signs shall be mounted on a tower, except as may be required by the Federal Communications Commission, Federal Aviation Administration or other governmental agency that has jurisdiction; provided, however, that a sign shall be affixed to the security fence in an accessible and visible location containing the name and address of the owner of the tower and a twenty-four-hour emergency telephone number.
C. 
Commercial communications equipment building. A commercial communications equipment building shall meet the governing setback distances applicable to the district in which it is located.
D. 
Decommissioning and restoration requirements.
(1) 
A tower shall be removed from the site within six months of its cessation of use. The applicant shall include the following information regarding decommissioning and removal of the tower and restoring the site:
(a) 
The anticipated and/or estimated life of the project;
(b) 
The estimated decommissioning costs in current dollars;
(c) 
The method and schedule for updating the costs of decommissioning and restoration;
(d) 
The method of ensuring that funds will be available for decommissioning and restoration;
(e) 
The anticipated manner in which the project will be decommissioned and the site restored.
(2) 
The applicant shall provide an appropriate and adequate demolition bond for purposes of removing the tower in case the applicant fails to do so as required above. Proof of this bond shall be provided each year and shall be a continuing condition for the life of the project.
(3) 
The sufficiency of the demolition bond shall be confirmed at least every five years by an analysis and report of the cost of removal and property restoration to be performed by a licensed professional engineer, the cost of same to be borne by the applicant. If said analysis and report determines that the amount of the bond in force is insufficient to cover the removal, disposal and restoration costs, the bond shall be increased to the amount necessary to cover such costs within 10 days of the applicant's receipt of such report.
E. 
Insurance requirements. The applicant shall provide a certificate of insurance evidencing general liability coverage in the minimum amount of $1,000,000 per occurrence and property damage coverage in the minimum amount of $1,000,000 per occurrence covering the commercial communications facility.

§ 255-816 Contractors' storage yards.

Commercial or industrial uses utilizing outdoor storage space of more than 2,000 square feet shall be located on a tract of land of not less than one acre with a complete listing of all types of items to be stored therein. No hazardous substances, as so defined in Article II of this chapter, shall be permitted upon the site. Supplies stored outdoors shall be neatly arranged and no required yard areas shall be used for storage. There shall be a roadway 14 feet in width provided for in every 40 linear feet of stored materials. The roadway shall be kept passable for firefighting equipment. Outside lighting shall be directed away from adjoining properties.

§ 255-817 Day-care facilities.

All day-care facilities shall comply with the following:
A. 
The applicant or owner shall provide evidence of certification of compliance with all appropriate regulations of any designated state agency whose approval and/or license is required by the laws of the commonwealth.
B. 
Noise and all other possible disturbing aspects connected with such use shall be controlled to the extent that the operation of such use shall not unduly interfere with the use and enjoyment of properties in the surrounding area.
C. 
All day-care facilities shall have an outdoor recreation area which shall be completely enclosed with a fence six feet in height.
D. 
The applicant shall supply evidence that vehicular traffic congestion will be avoided in pickup and drop-off points utilized in transporting individuals to and from the facility.
E. 
One off-street parking space shall be required for each employee.
F. 
One off-street parking space shall be required for each vehicle used by the establishment for the purpose of transporting persons attending the facility.

§ 255-818 Detention facility.

The minimum lot size shall be 20 acres, All buildings must be set back not less than 500 feet from a property line. Where the detention facility abuts a zoning district where residences are a principal permitted use or where an existing residential dwelling unit is located, a solid wall or substantial, attractive fence not less than 10 feet in height shall be constructed and maintained in good condition along such boundary line, and a buffer area of not less than 300 feet in width must be landscaped and maintained in good condition at all times. No structures, parking, loading, storage of any kind, or any use shall be allowed within the buffer area. All areas not used for access, parking circulation, buildings and services shall be completely and permanently landscaped and the entire site maintained in good condition.

§ 255-819 Dog kennels.

Any buildings, runways, fenced enclosures and similar structures shall be located not less than 100 feet from all property and street lines. Where the property abuts a zoning district having residences as a principal permitted use, all buildings runways, fenced enclosures and similar structures shall be located not less than 200 feet from such property lines.

§ 255-820 Drive-through facilities.

Any use providing a drive through (i.e., bank eating establishment, etc.) shall comply with the following requirements:
A. 
The drive-through lane or aisle shall be designed with adequate space for a minimum of four waiting vehicles per lane or aisle. There shall be a maximum of one lane or aisle per drive-through window.
B. 
Each drive-through lane or aisle shall be clearly marked and designed so as to prevent traffic hazards and congestion while at the same time minimizing conflicts with pedestrian travel.
C. 
Canopies situated over drive-through areas shall meet all setbacks requirements for the zoning district in which the property is located.

§ 255-821 Dwelling over or attached to business.

A dwelling unit over or attached to business establishments shall be designed as living quarters with private access, having adequate natural light and kitchen and bathroom facilities. Required residence parking and commercial parking must be provided for each use in accordance with the parking requirements of this chapter.

§ 255-822 Entertainment facilities. [1]

Entertainment facilities as defined in Article II of this chapter shall provide proper parking areas with vehicular circulation and access designed to minimize any potential traffic congestion. Such facilities shall not be closer than 50 feet to any boundary of a district having residences as principal permitted use, shall provide adequate screening from any residential district and shall be conducted entirely within an enclosed structure.
[1]
Editor's Note: Original Section 801.21, Emergency services facility, which immediately preceded this section, was repealed 8-10-2016 by Ord. No. 3-2016.

§ 255-823 Excavation of minerals (as defined in Article II).

Excavation and extraction of minerals, as defined in Article II, shall be considered a temporary use, subject to the following requirements:
A. 
Project narrative. A written report shall be submitted by the applicant that includes the type of minerals proposed to be excavated, extracted, and/or removed from the site, the volume of such material and the maximum length of time associated with the proposed operation based upon the stated volume of material. Said narrative shall also describe normal, daily operational features performed upon the site, including, but not limited to, proposed hours of operation, anticipated noise levels, and the type and volume of truck traffic to be generated with the proposed traffic routes to and from the site.
B. 
Map. Submission of a map or maps at a scale of not greater than one inch equals 50 feet that outlines the entire property and the proposed area subject to excavation, extraction, and/or removal of minerals. Said map shall indicate existing contours prior to the start of work, and proposed final contours, including the proposed maximum depth of excavation, at all points subject to excavation. Said map or maps shall also contain surface features showing the location of buildings, dwellings, places of worship, schools, railroads, highways and public uses within a distance of 500 feet from the perimeter of the proposed use.
C. 
Distance provisions. The perimeter of any excavation under this section shall not be nearer than 500 feet from any building, property line or street, except that owned by the applicant.
D. 
Limitation on land area. At any given time, the active excavation/extraction areas shall not exceed 10 acres in area on any lot or tract of land. Additional areas may be approved on the completion and cessation of previous approvals.
E. 
Compliance with state requirements. Final and/or unconditional approval for excavation, extraction and/or minerals under the provisions of this chapter shall not be issued until the applicant documents that all required licenses and/or permits have been properly secured from the applicable state and/or federal agencies, including but not limited to the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection.

§ 255-824 Forestry/timber harvesting activities.

A. 
Applicability. This section applies to all timber harvesting and land clearing within Foster Township where the value of the trees, logs and/or other forest products removed exceeds $1,000. The cutting of trees for the personal use of the landowner or for precommercial timber stand improvement is exempt.
B. 
Submission and approval of logging plan.
(1) 
Plan approval requirement. It shall be unlawful for any operator or landowner to conduct timber harvesting on more than five acres in the Foster Township except as provided in an approved logging plan which is available at the harvest site at all time during the operation.
(2) 
Plan submission, approval, and appeal. At least 30 business days before the operation is scheduled to begin, a landowner on whose land timber harvesting is to occur shall prepare and submit to the Township Zoning Officer a written plan or amendment in the form specified in this section. Within 30 business days of the receipt of the plan or amendment, the Township Zoning Officer shall approve (with or without conditions) or deny the plan. The landowner may appeal the decision of the Zoning Officer within 30 days of issuance to the Zoning Hearing Board.
(3) 
Notification. The operator shall notify the Zoning Officer, in writing, at least two business days before operations commence and 10 business days before operations are completed under an approved timber harvesting plan. The notification shall identify the operation, and, as applicable, shall specify the commencement or completion date.
C. 
Contents of logging plan.
(1) 
Minimum requirements. As a minimum, the logging plan shall include the following:
(a) 
Design, construction, maintenance and retirement of the access system, including haul roads, skid roads, skid trails, and log landings;
(b) 
Design, construction and maintenance of water-control measures and structures such as culverts, broad-based dips, filter strips, and water bars;
(c) 
Design, construction and maintenance of stream and wetland crossings;
(d) 
A stand prescription for each stand located in the proposed harvest area;
(e) 
The general location of the proposed operation in relationship to municipal and state highways, including any access to those highways.
(2) 
Map. Each logging plan shall include a site map containing the following information:
(a) 
Site location and boundaries, including both the boundaries of the property on which the timber harvest will take place and the boundaries of the proposed harvest area within that property;
(b) 
Significant topographic features related to potential environmental problems;
(c) 
Location of all earth disturbance activities such as roads, landings, and water control measures and structures;
(d) 
Location of all crossings of waters of the commonwealth; and
(e) 
The general location of the proposed operation to municipal and state highways, including any access to those highways.
(3) 
Compliance with all state and local laws and regulations. The plan shall address and comply with the requirements of all applicable state and local laws and regulations, including, but not limited to, erosion and sedimentation control, stream crossing and wetland protection, and stormwater management. Any permits required by state and local agencies shall be attached to and become a part of the logging plan.
D. 
Forest practices. The following requirements shall apply to all timber harvesting activities within Foster Township:
(1) 
Felling or skidding on or across any public thoroughfares is prohibited without the express written consent of the Township, county or Pennsylvania Department of Transportation, whichever is responsible for the maintenance of the thoroughfare.
(2) 
No tops or slash shall be left within 25 feet of any public thoroughfare or private roadway providing access to adjoining property.
(3) 
All tops and slash between 25 feet and 50 feet from a public roadway or private roadway providing access to any adjoining property or within 25 feet of any adjoining property line shall be lopped to a maximum height of four feet above the ground level.
(4) 
No tops or slash shall be left on or across the boundary of any property adjoining the operation without the consent of the owner.
(5) 
Litter resulting from a timber harvesting operation shall be removed from the site before the operator vacates it.
(6) 
A buffer strip of at least 50 feet must be maintained along any road, stream, or recognized recreational trail. Selective cutting only will be allowed in these zones except for salvage cuts.
(7) 
Timber operations and related activities shall be conducted only between the hours of 7:00 a.m. and 7:00 p.m. unless authorized by the Zoning Hearing Board.
(8) 
Soil carried or washed onto public streets during the operation shall be removed daily.
E. 
Road maintenance, repair and bonding. The landowner and the operator shall be responsible for repairing any damage to Township, state, or county roads caused by traffic associated with the timber harvesting operation to the extent of the damage that is in excess of that caused by normal traffic. Pursuant to 67 Pennsylvania Code Chapter 189, the Township may require the landowner or operator to furnish a bond to guarantee the repair of such damages.

§ 255-825 Group home.

Any party wishing to establish and/or operate a group home, in addition to all other applicable zoning regulations and/or requirements, shall be subject to the following supplemental requirements:
A. 
The maximum occupancy of a group home shall not exceed eight persons, excluding staff. The occupancy of said group home shall be governed by the standards and requirements as provided for within the most recent housing code standards of the governing code as provided for under the Pennsylvania Uniform Construction Code.
B. 
The group home shall be under the jurisdictional and regulatory control of a governmental entity (county, state, and/or federal).
C. 
The applicant and/or operator of a group home shall provide written documentation from the applicable governmental entity which certifies said group home complies with the location, supervised services, operation, staffing and management of all applicable standards and regulations of the subject governing program.
D. 
The applicable requirements and standards which govern off-street parking for a single-family dwelling shall also govern for a group home; however, two additional off-street parking spaces shall be provided for visitors and additional parking spaces shall be provided which equal the maximum number of required of staffing associated with the management and operation of a group home.
E. 
A group home shall be operated and maintained in the character of a residential dwelling in harmony with and appropriate in appearance with the character of the general vicinity in which it is to be located.

§ 255-826 Home occupations.

A home occupation shall be subject to the following regulations:
A. 
The occupation shall be carried on entirely within the principal structure or an attached or unattached accessory structure, provided that the accessory structure is located on the same lot as the principal structure.
B. 
No display or advertisement of products or services may be visible from outside the building. Any storage of materials associated with the home occupation shall be within the building.
C. 
A sign no larger than two square feet in surface area is permitted. The sign may only be lit with indirect lighting.
D. 
No person other than a resident of the dwelling unit may conduct the home occupation. Not more than one nonresident may be employed to perform secretarial, clerical or other assistance.
E. 
Not more than 30% or 600 square feet, whichever is less, of the total floor area of the building wherein the home occupation is being conducted may be devoted to the home occupation.
F. 
Each home occupation shall have off-street parking as indicated below, in addition to that required for the dwelling unit.
(1) 
One space for the home occupation and one space for the nonresident employee if applicable.
(2) 
Three additional parking spaces for a physician, dentist, or other licensed medical practitioner.
(3) 
Two additional parking spaces for a barber, beautician or other similar personal-service occupations.
G. 
The home occupation may not disturb the peace, quiet and dignity of the neighborhood by electrical interferences, dust, noise, smoke, or traffic generated by the use.
H. 
There shall be no retail sales of goods except those goods that are prepared or produced on the premises.
I. 
There shall be no change in the residential character of the building wherein the home occupation is being conducted.

§ 255-827 Industrial activities.

All activities and uses permitted within the I-1 and I-2 Districts shall comply with all regulations governing odors, fumes, dust, smoke, vibration, noise, sewage, industrial waste, fire hazards and any other of the activities and uses which side effects are deemed injurious to the public health, safety and welfare by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) and the Pennsylvania Department of Labor and Industry. It shall be the responsibility of the applicant to provide the Zoning Officer with a complete listing of all state and federal regulations governing the proposed use and written compliance from the governing agencies. All industries are required to supply the Township Emergency Management Agency and the Fire Department with all applicable MSDS sheets, emergency operations and evacuation plans.

§ 255-828 Junkyards and/or automotive wrecking yards.

All new junkyards and automotive wrecking yards, or the proposed expansion of an existing junkyard and automotive wrecking yard, shall comply with the following:
A. 
Such premises shall at all times be maintained so as not to constitute a nuisance or menace to the health of the community or residents nearby or place for the breeding of rodents and vermin.
B. 
Burning of any materials shall be prohibited.
C. 
No oil, grease, tires or gasoline shall be burned at any time.
D. 
No garbage, organic waste, rubbish, toxic materials and hazardous materials shall be stored on such premises.
E. 
Whenever any motor vehicle shall be received on such premises as junk, all gasoline and oil shall be drained and removed said vehicle.
F. 
The storage of any combustible materials, such as gasoline, oil or related items, shall be placed in fireproof containers and stored within fireproof sheds.
G. 
The manner of storage and arrangement of junk and the drainage facilities on the site shall be such as to prevent the accumulation of stagnant water upon the premises and to facilitate access for firefighting purposes.
H. 
There shall be no stockpiling of motor vehicles, nor shall there be any junk piled higher than four feet.
I. 
There shall be a fourteen-foot roadway provided for every 40 linear feet of junk. The roadway shall be kept open and unobstructed for any firefighting equipment and safety purposes.
J. 
Junk shall not be stored within 100 feet of any adjoining property line or nearer than 100 feet to any adjoining or abutting street.
K. 
All junkyards shall be completely screened from view on all sides by a solid wall or substantial fence not less than eight feet in height and an evergreen hedge with such evergreens being a minimum height of at least five feet at the time of planting. Any fence or wall shall be no closer than five feet to the property lines.
L. 
Such premises may be open for business or any work in connection with the storage, processing and transportation or removal of junk only on Monday through Saturday from 8:00 a.m. to 8:00 p.m., local time.

§ 255-829 Machine shops.

Where the operation abuts a zoning district where residences are a principal permitted use, or where an existing residential dwelling unit is located, a solid wall or substantial, attractive fence not less than eight feet in height shall be constructed and maintained in good condition along such boundary line, or a buffer yard of not less than 50 feet in width must be landscaped and maintained in good condition. All materials shall be stored within a completely enclosed building and outdoor storage of any kind is prohibited. All operations, excluding pickups or deliveries, shall be conducted within the enclosed building.

§ 255-830 Mineral extraction (with asphalt, batch or concrete plant).

A. 
The use, activity or any aspect of the operation shall be located not less than 1,500 feet from the nearest inhabited residence, place of worship, or any public recreational activity. Furthermore, the setback distance of the use, activity or any aspect of the operation from surface water bodies, creeks, streams, wetlands and floodplains shall comply with the state-mandated requirements.
B. 
Except for approved access drives (which shall be secured by locked gates which may only be open during business hours), the premises shall be completely screened to protect public safety with an industrial-type-gauge fence eight feet in height. Signs shall be conspicuously attached to the fence every 75 feet, warning the public of the nature of the operation. A yard area not less than 50 feet in width shall also be maintained with natural vegetative ground cover along all exterior lot lines that are within 300 feet of an area of excavation. This yard shall include an earth berm with a minimum height of six feet and an average of one shade tree for each for each 50 feet of distance along the lot lines. The shade trees shall be planted outside of the required berm and fence. If substantial trees, vegetation or forest exist within the required yard area, then new plantings in those area is not necessary, provided that the existing trees, vegetation or forest are well-kept, preserved, maintained and adequately serve the purpose for which the yard was to be created.
C. 
The lot and operation thereon shall at all times be maintained so as not to constitute a public nuisance or adversely impact the public health, safety or welfare. The days and hours of operation, including excavation, blasting and relating trucking, may be limited by the Zoning Hearing Board taking into consideration the characteristics of the neighborhood.
D. 
The site shall contain a minimum of two access drives, each of which shall be not less than 24 feet in width, and all of which shall be improved in accordance with Chapter 210, Subdivision and Land Development, of the Code of the Township of Foster and connect to a public street sufficient in size to accommodate the proposed traffic expected to be generated by the use. Access drives shall be located so as to prevent public safety hazards, dust and noise.
E. 
All applications shall include a plan that evidences the measurers to be taken by the operator to prevent dust, dirt, stone or other debris from escaping from the facility onto any public property/street, or private property of another.
F. 
All applications shall include an estimated life expectancy for the proposed use, a plan for the future productive use of the property once the life of the project has terminated, a proposed cost to reclaim the property and implement the future use, and a financial guarantee for implementation of that use.
G. 
All applications shall include the same information, written materials and plans that are to be submitted to the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection as part of the state permitting process.
H. 
An asphalt, batch or concrete plant or processing operations shall constitute an industrial use and shall not be considered an accessory use, but a separate and distinct use that shall require special exception approval when located on the same lot where the mineral extraction is taking place. Furthermore, if an asphalt, batch or concrete plant is proposed on a property in which mineral extraction is not taking place, Subsections A through G above shall still apply.

§ 255-831 Mortuaries and crematories.

Sufficient area shall be provided for vehicular circulation on the lot and for the assembly area for the procession beyond the street right-of-way line. Points of vehicular access to the site shall not create traffic hazards on the street. Loading and unloading areas for ambulances and hearses shall be within an enclosed building or shall be screened from view from adjacent properties by a solid wall or substantial, attractive fence not less than six feet in height. Outside lighting shall be directed away from adjacent properties.

§ 255-832 Motels and hotels.

A motel or hotel shall require a lot area of not less than two acres and a lot width of not less than 200 feet and shall contain at least 10 sleeping rooms not less than 1,000 square feet per sleeping room. The remaining floor area may be used for such uses as a restaurant, retail store, game room, ballroom and banquet room, provided that these uses are primarily designed to serve the guests of the motel or hotel. All buildings and structures shall be not less than 60 feet from a front yard line and not less than 35 feet from the side and rear lot lines. All areas not used for access, parking circulation, buildings and services shall be completely and permanently landscaped and the entire site maintained in good condition.

§ 255-833 No-impact home-based business.

A no-impact home-based business, as defined in Article II of this chapter, shall be permitted by right in all residential zoning districts and zoning districts in which residences are permitted as a principal permitted use, except that such permission shall not supersede any deed restriction, covenant, or agreement restricting the use of the land, nor any master deed, bylaw, or other document applicable to common interest ownership community. The following standards and criteria shall apply to a no-impact home-based business:
A. 
The business activity shall be compatible with the residential use of the property and surrounding residential uses.
B. 
The business shall employ no employees other than the family members residing in the dwelling.
C. 
There shall be no display or sale of retail goods and no stockpiling or inventory of a substantial nature.
D. 
There shall be no outside appearance of a business, including, but not limited to, parking, signs or lights.
E. 
The business activity shall not use any equipment or process which creates noise, vibration, glare, fumes, odors, or electrical or electronic interference, including interference with radio or television reception, which is detectable in the neighborhood.
F. 
The business activity shall not generate any solid waste or sewage discharge, in volume or type, which is not normally associated with a residential use in the neighborhood.
G. 
The business activity shall not occupy more than 25% of the habitable floor area.
H. 
The business shall not involve any illegal activity.

§ 255-834 Nonprofit social halls and clubs.

Buildings utilized for such purposes shall not be less than 40 feet from any property line. Where such use abuts any R District, the following requirements shall apply to the side and rear yard property boundaries:
A. 
Construction of a solid wall or solid opaque fencing eight feet in height, designed to conceal and screen the facility from adjoining properties.
B. 
Within a required rear yard or side yard setback, there shall be a landscaped planting strip not less than four feet in depth, planted with shrubs or trees which are not less than three feet high at the time of planting and which are of a type that may be expected to form a year-round dense screen at least four feet high within three years. The landscaped planting strip shall be maintained in good condition at all times, including the replacement of any shrubs or trees which are damaged, die or otherwise fail to grow.
C. 
Outdoor trash dumpsters shall be concealed within an area surrounded by solid opaque fencing not less than six feet in height.
D. 
The provision of any outside lighting shall be directed away from adjacent properties.

§ 255-835 Outdoor wood-fired boiler.

An outdoor wood-fired boiler shall comply with the following standards:
A. 
A fan or blower attached to the appliance to increase the efficiency of the outdoor wood-fired boiler.
B. 
An outdoor wood-fired boiler shall be located not less than 200 feet from any property line and not less than 40 feet from any principal structure or building located upon the property.
C. 
The outdoor wood-fired boiler shall have an orange hang tag that signifies that it meets the EPA's standards for Phase 1 air-emission levels of 0.60 pounds of fine particulates per million BTU heat input and qualifies for the EPS's voluntary program.
D. 
All outdoor wood-fired boilers shall be installed, operated and maintained in strict conformance with the manufacturer's instructions and the regulations promulgated hereunder. In the event of a conflict, the regulations promulgated within this section shall apply unless the manufacturer's instructions more restrictive, in which case the manufacturer's instructions shall apply.
E. 
The owner of the outdoor wood-fired boiler shall produce the manufacturer's instructions for all devices that do not conform to the requirements of this section.
F. 
All outdoor wood-fired boilers may only be utilized for the sole purpose of furnishing heat to a structure or building and/or providing hot water during the time period of October 1 through May 1, and subject to meeting the requirements of this section.
G. 
No homemade outdoor wood-fired boilers will be allowed.
H. 
Only natural, clean wood may be burned in outdoor wood-fired boiler. Regardless of the manufacturer's instructions, an outdoor wood-fired boiler shall not be used to burn any of the following materials:
(1) 
Any material that does not meet the definition of "clean wood."
(2) 
Furniture.
(3) 
Garbage.
(4) 
Tires.
(5) 
Lawn clippings or yard waste.
(6) 
Wet or soggy wood.
(7) 
Material containing plastic.
(8) 
Material containing rubber.
(9) 
Waste petroleum products.
(10) 
Paints and paint thinners.
(11) 
Chemicals.
(12) 
Any hazardous waste.
(13) 
Coal.
(14) 
Glossy colored paper.
(15) 
Construction and demolition debris.
(16) 
Plywood.
(17) 
Particleboard.
(18) 
Salt water driftwood.
(19) 
Manure.
(20) 
Animal carcasses.
(21) 
Asphalt products.
I. 
All storage of materials to be burnt in the outdoor wood-fired boiler shall be neatly stacked and/or stored under cover and free from insects (termites, ants, etc.) or any type of disease-carrying rodents.
J. 
Ashes or waste cannot be accumulated in a large area on the property. They may be dispersed on the property as long as no accumulation can be seen (for example, spread in a driveway). Any large accumulation of ashes or waste must be disposed of weekly with the owner's trash.

§ 255-836 Places of worship.

A minimum lot area of one acre shall be required for the use. Religious instruction and educational rooms may be permitted within the principal building as accessory uses. A minimum lot area of two acres shall be required when the use consists of one or more of the following accessory uses: primary or secondary school; day-care center; and a single-family dwelling unit. Where the lot adjoins an existing residential dwelling unit or is located within a residential zoning district, the parking area shall be screened along the side and rear lot lines with shrubbery or evergreen trees not less than four feet in height at the time of planting. The buffer area shall be kept in good condition and continuously maintained.

§ 255-837 Public utility facilities.

Public utility facilities, as defined in Article II, shall conform to the following regulations for properties containing such uses:
A. 
Access and parking shall be provided only for maintenance and servicing of such facilities.
B. 
A chain-link fence and locked gate not less than eight feet in height shall surround the building or structures of such facilities.
C. 
A buffer area not less than 10 feet in depth and comprised of trees and/or shrubs designed to conceal such buildings or structures of such facilities.
D. 
Outside lighting shall be directed away from adjacent properties.
E. 
The location, design and operation of such facilities shall not adversely affect the character of any adjacent residential properties.

§ 255-838 Recreational facilities (outdoors, principal use).

All such facilities, whether public, private or commercial, shall conform to the following regulations:
A. 
No outdoor recreation activity shall be conducted closer than 100 feet to any property line.
B. 
A buffer area, at least 50 feet in depth and planted with trees, shrubs or other landscaping, shall surround the property except for access drives.
C. 
Unless superseded by a PennDOT highway occupancy permit or Luzerne County highway occupancy permit, access drives shall be not greater than 25 feet in width; parking areas shall not be located within buffer areas.
D. 
Storm drainage from the site shall be channeled to natural drainagecourses and away from adjoining properties.

§ 255-839 Restaurants and taverns.

Unless superseded by a PennDOT highway occupancy permit or Luzerne County highway occupancy permit, access drives shall not exceed 25 feet in width, and for those establishments located on a corner lot, no access drive shall be located less than 60 feet, as measured from the right-of-way lines, from the intersection of the two abutting streets. Outdoor trash dumpsters shall be concealed within an area surrounded by solid opaque fencing not less than six feet in height. All exterior lighting shall be directed away from adjacent properties and shall utilize cutoff shields or otherwise be designed to conceal the light source from adjoining properties and streets.

§ 255-840 Satellite dish antenna (noncommercial).

A freestanding noncommercial satellite dish antenna, as so defined in this chapter, shall be deemed an accessory use permitted by right in all zoning districts. Granting approval for the establishment and/or construction of a satellite dish antenna shall not restrict or imply to restrict the use or development of another zoning lot. The height of a noncommercial satellite dish antenna, including any supporting device, measured from ground level to its highest point of elevation shall not exceed the maximum height restriction of the zoning district in which it is located. The following supplemental provisions shall apply:
A. 
Location on lot. No satellite dish antenna shall be installed on a portable or movable device.
B. 
Number on lot. Not more than one satellite dish antenna shall be permitted on a zoning lot.
C. 
Size limitations. The dimensions of a satellite dish antenna measured from its outermost edges cannot exceed 12 feet in diameter.
D. 
Roof-mounted. A roof-mounted satellite dish antenna having a diameter not greater than three feet and installed in accordance with the manufacturer's specifications be shall be exempted from securing zoning approval.

§ 255-841 Self-storage facility.

A property containing a building or group of buildings in a controlled-access and fenced compound, containing varying sizes of individual compartmentalized and controlled-access stalls or lockers for dead storage of customers' goods and personal property, with storage space available for rental to the general public. All storage shall be contained within a completely enclosed building or buildings. There shall be a minimum spacing of 25 feet between buildings for traffic circulation, parking and fire lane purposes. All outside lighting shall be directed away from adjacent properties.

§ 255-842 Sexually oriented business.

A. 
No sexually oriented business, as so defined in Article II of this chapter, shall be located less than 1,000 feet from any of the following uses:
(1) 
A residential dwelling.
(2) 
A place of worship.
(3) 
A public or quasi-public use or structure.
(4) 
A zoning boundary of any zoning district in which residences are permitted as a principal permitted use.
B. 
Measurements of the required distance shall be made in a straight line from the nearest portion of the structure or premises of an adult use to the nearest property line of the above noted uses. The structure and/or premises of an adult use, including all off-street parking areas, shall be completely enclosed by a fence not less than eight feet in height and screened by a variety of evergreen trees which shall be planted not more than six feet apart and being not less than eight feet in height at the time of planting. The owner of the property shall be responsible to maintain such screening, including the replacement of any trees which are damaged, die, removed by whatever means or otherwise fail to grow.

§ 255-843 Solar energy system (minor).

A. 
A minor solar energy system shall meet the following criteria:
(1) 
Is fueled solar power.
(2) 
Is located in the power beneficiary's premises.
(3) 
Is intended primarily to offset part or all of the beneficiary's requirements for electricity.
(4) 
Is secondary to the beneficiary's use of the premises for other lawful purpose(s).
B. 
Design and supplemental requirements.
(1) 
Solar collection systems shall not be located in the front yard between the principal structure and the public right-of-way or private street.
(2) 
Shall not be located in the front yard between the principal structure and the public right-of-way or private street.
(3) 
If not located on a rooftop, then must meet the minimum setbacks of an accessory building of the zoning district in which it is located.
(4) 
Height. Freestanding collection systems shall not exceed 20 feet in height.
(5) 
Size. Freestanding collection systems on residential properties shall not exceed the greater of one-half the footprint of the principal structure or 600 square feet, whichever is greater. The size of arrays for nonresidential properties shall not exceed 1/2 of the footprint of the principal structure except for rooftop systems.
(6) 
Solar collection systems are permitted to be located on the roof or the exterior wall of a structure subject to the following:
(a) 
Collection systems shall not extend more than 12 feet above the roofline;
(b) 
Collection systems shall not exceed the maximum height permitted in the zoning district in which they are located; and
(c) 
Collection systems located on the roof or attached to a structure shall provide, as part of their permit application, a structural certification.
(7) 
Code compliance. Solar collection systems shall comply with all applicable Township building and electrical codes.
(8) 
A property owner who has installed or intends to install a solar collection system shall be responsible for negotiating with other property owners in the vicinity for any necessary solar easement.
C. 
Site plan required.
(1) 
Drawing to scale to show the following:
(a) 
Lot boundary lines and setback lines and easements;
(b) 
Names and mailing addresses of adjoining property owners;
(c) 
Proposed energy system;
(d) 
Certification of ownership;
(e) 
Copy of deed provided with site plan;
(f) 
Scale and North arrow.

§ 255-844 Solar energy system (major).

A. 
Permit requirement and application.
(1) 
All applications for a major solar energy system shall be considered a major land development and shall meet the requirements of this chapter and Chapter 210, Subdivision and Land Development, of the Code of the Township of Foster. All applications and shall be reviewed by the Township Planning Commission and approved by the Supervisors.
(2) 
The permit application or amended permit application shall be accompanied with a processing fee and escrow fee in the amount established by resolution by the Board of Supervisors.
(3) 
Any physical modification to an existing and permitted solar energy system that materially alters the equipment shall require a permit modification under this chapter. Like-kind replacements shall not require a permit modification.
B. 
Installation.
(1) 
To the extent applicable, the solar energy system shall comply with the Pennsylvania Uniform Construction Code, Act 45 of 1999, as amended,[1] and the regulations adopted by the Department of Labor and Industry.
[1]
Editor's Note: See 35 P.S. §§ 7210.101 to 7210.1103.
(2) 
The design of the solar energy system shall conform to applicable industry standards.
(3) 
Major solar energy systems as defined by this section shall use public rights-of-way or established utility corridors when reasonable. While a utility corridor may be used for more than one utility of purpose, each utility or use should be negotiated with the landowner as a separate easement, right-of-way, or other agreement between the landowner and any other party and all owners of interest in the property. Nothing in this subsection is intended to conflict with the right of eminent domain.
(4) 
The construction and installation of solar energy systems may necessitate the importation of fill material which may result in the displacement of native material. The incidental generation of earthen spoils resulting from the construction and/or installment of a solar energy system and the removal of said material from the development site shall meet all local and state requirements.
C. 
Review criteria. Major energy systems are classified as a conditional use requiring review by the Township Planning Commission and approval by the Township Board of Supervisors. The following criteria shall apply to the review and approval of major energy systems:
(1) 
A determination that adequate measures have been undertaken by the proponent of the major energy system to reduce the risk of accidents caused by hazardous materials.
(2) 
A determination that the proposed that major solar energy system is essential or desirable to the public convenience and/or not detrimental or injurious to the public health or safety, or to the character of the surrounding neighborhood.
(3) 
A determination that the proposed major solar energy system will not be reasonably detrimental to the economic welfare of the Township and/or that it will not create excessive public cost for public services by finding that it will be adequately serviced by existing services such as highways, roads, police and fire protection, emergency response, and drainage structures, refuse disposal, water and sewers, or that the applicant shall provide such services or facilities.
(4) 
Consideration of industry standards, available technology, and proposed design technology for solar energy in promulgating conditions of approval.
(5) 
No permit will be issued nor can any construction begin until the applicant has met all the requirements of Chapter 210, Subdivision and Land Development, of the Code of the Township of Foster.
D. 
Certification and compliance.
(1) 
The Township must be notified of a change in ownership of a major energy system or a change in ownership of the property on which the major energy system is located.
(2) 
The Township reserves the right to inspect any major energy system in order to ensure compliance with this chapter. Any cost associated with the inspections shall be paid by the owner/operator of the major energy system.
(3) 
The major energy system owner(s) or operator(s) shall provide the Township Zoning Officer with a copy of the yearly maintenance inspection.
E. 
Decommissioning.
(1) 
The owner or operator of a major energy system or the owner(s)/operator(s)/landowner(s) of the land on which the major energy system is located shall complete decommissioning within 12 months after the end of the useful life. Upon written request by the owner(s)/operator(s)/landowner(s) and for a good cause shown, the Township may grant a reasonable extension of time. The major energy system will be presumed to be at the end of its useful life if no electricity or other form of power is generated for a continuous period of 12 months. All decommissioning expenses shall be the responsibility of the owner(s)/operator(s)/landowner(s) of the major energy system.
(2) 
Decommissioning shall include the removal of panels, buildings, electrical components, and roads to a depth of 60 inches, as well as any other associated facilities. Any foundation shall be removed to a minimum depth of 60 inches below grade, or to the level of the bedrock if less than 60 inches below grade. Following removal, the location of any remaining foundation shall be identified on a map as such and recorded with the deed to the property with the County Register of Deeds.
(3) 
All access roads to the major energy system shall be removed, cleared, and graded by the owner(s)/operator(s)/landowner(s), unless the landowner(s) requests, in writing, a desire to maintain the access road. The Township will not be assumed to take ownership of any access road unless through official action of the Township Supervisors.
(4) 
The site and any disturbed earth shall be stabilized, graded, and cleared of any debris by the owner(s)/operator(s)/landowner(s) or their assigns. If the site is not to be used for agricultural practices following removal, the site shall be seeded to prevent soil erosion.
(5) 
In addition to the decommissioning requirements listed previously, the major energy system shall also be subject to the following:
(a) 
If the owner(s)/operator(s)/landowner(s) fail to complete decommissioning within the period prescribed above, the Township may designate a contractor to complete decommissioning with the expense thereof to be charged to the violator and/or to become a lien against the premises. The Township shall be authorized to use all means provided in law, including a municipal lien, to recover all costs of decommissioning. If the major energy system is not owned by the landowner(s), a bond must be provided to the Township for the cost of decommissioning the major energy system.
(b) 
An independent and certified professional engineer shall be retained by the Township to estimate the total cost of decommissioning ("decommissioning costs") with no regard to salvage value of the equipment, and the cost of decommissioning net salvage value of the equipment ("net decommission costs"). When determining this amount, the Township may also require an annual escalator or increase based on the federal Consumer Price Index (or equivalent or its successor). Said estimates shall be submitted to the Township after the first year of operation and every fifth year thereafter. The engineer's fees shall be paid by the owner(s)/operator(s)/landowner(s).
(c) 
The owner(s)/operator(s)/landowner(s) shall post and maintain decommissioning funds in an amount equal to or greater than net decommissioning costs; provided that at no point shall decommissioning funds be less than 100% of decommissioning costs. The decommissioning funds shall be posted and maintained with a bonding company or federal or state chartered lending institution chosen by the owner(s)/operator(s)/landowner(s) posting the financial security. The bonding company or lending institution must be authorized to conduct such business and be approved by the Township.
(d) 
Decommissioning funds shall be in the form of a performance bond made out to Foster Township.
(e) 
A condition of the bond shall be notification by the bond company to the Township Supervisors when the bond is about to expire or be terminated.
(f) 
Failure to keep the bond in effect while a major energy system is in place will be a violation of the zoning approval as a conditional use. If a lapse in the bond occurs, Foster Township may take action, up to and including requiring ceasing operation of the major energy system, until the bond is reposted.
(g) 
The escrow agent shall release the decommissioning funds when the owner(s)/operator(s)/landowner(s) has demonstrated and the Township concurs that decommissioning has been satisfactorily completed, or upon written approval of the Township in order to implement the decommissioning plan.
(h) 
If the owner(s)/operator(s)/landowner(s) fail to complete decommissioning within the periods addressed previously, then the Township may take such measures as necessary to complete decommissioning. The entry into and submission of evidence of a participating landowner agreement to the Township shall constitute agreement and consent of the parties to the agreement, their respective heirs, successors and assigns that the Township may take such action as necessary to implement the decommissioning plan.
F. 
Setbacks, restrictions and easements. A major solar energy system:
(1) 
Shall be a minimum of 1,000 feet from any zoning district boundary line and property line of existing residential or public use.
(2) 
Shall not be located within 500 feet of a public or private road right-of-way nor within 100 feet of all other property lines.
(3) 
A property owner who has installed or intends to install a solar collection system shall be responsible for negotiating with other property owners in the vicinity for any necessary solar easement and shall record the easement with the Luzerne County Recorder of Deeds office.
(4) 
Shall provide a fifty-foot planted buffer/screen along all property lines.
(5) 
Shall conceal the solar collector's supporting structures fixtures and piping where applicable.
G. 
Site plan drawing. A site plan drawing shall be provided as part of the conditional use application that is drawn to scale and dimensioned, displaying the following information:
(1) 
Existing property features to include property lines, physical dimensions of the property, total parcel size, land use, zoning district, contours, setback lines, right-of-way, public and utility easements, public roads, access roads (including width), sidewalks, nonmotorized pathways, large trees and all buildings. The site plan must also include the adjoining properties as well as the location of all structures and utilities within 300 feet of the property.
(2) 
Location, size, and height of all proposed major solar energy systems, buildings, structures, ancillary equipment, underground utilities and their depth, security fencing, access roads (including width, composition, and maintenance plans), electrical substations, and other aboveground structures and utilities associated with the proposed major solar energy system.
(3) 
Additional details and/or information as required for a conditional use application as set forth in this chapter or as requested by the Township Planning Commission or Board of Supervisors.
H. 
Site plan documentation. The following documentation shall be included with the site plan:
(1) 
The contact information for the owner(s) and operator(s) of the major solar energy system as well as contact information for all property on which the major solar energy system is located.
(2) 
A copy of the lease, or recorded document, with the landowner(s) if the applicant does not own the land for the proposed major solar energy system. A statement from the landowner(s) of the leased site that he/she will abide by all applicable terms and conditions of the use permit, if approved.
(3) 
Identification and location of the properties on which the proposed major solar energy system will be located.
(4) 
The proposed number, representative types and height of each component of the system to be constructed, including their manufacturer and model; product specifications, including total rated capacity; and a description of any ancillary facilities.
(5) 
Engineering data, where applicable, concerning construction of the major solar energy system and its components, which may include, but not be limited to, soil boring data.
(6) 
A certified registered engineer shall certify that the major solar energy system meets or exceeds the manufacturer's construction and installation standards.
(7) 
Anticipated construction schedule.
(8) 
A copy of the maintenance and operation plan, including anticipated regular and unscheduled maintenance. Additionally, a description of the procedures that will be used to conduct maintenance, if applicable.
(9) 
Documented compliance with applicable local, state and national regulations, including, but not limited to, all applicable safety, construction, environmental, electrical and communications requirements.
(10) 
Proof of applicant's liability insurance.
(11) 
Evidence that the utility company has been informed of the customer's intent to install an interconnected, customer-owned generator and that such connection has been approved. Off-grid systems shall be exempt from this requirement.
(12) 
Other relevant information as required by Chapter 210, Subdivision and Land Development, of the Code of the Township of Foster to ensure compliance with the requirements of this chapter.
(13) 
Following the completion of construction, the applicant shall certify that all construction is completed pursuant to the conditional approval. The Applicant shall provide an as-built plan as required by Chapter 210, Subdivision and Land Development.
(14) 
A written description of the anticipated life of the major solar energy system; estimated cost of decommissioning; the method of ensuring that funds will be available for decommissioning and site restoration; and removal and restoration procedures and schedules that will be employed if the major solar energy system becomes inoperative or nonfunctional.
(15) 
The applicant shall submit a decommissioning plan that will be carried out at the end of the major solar energy system's useful life and shall describe any agreement with the landowner(s) regarding equipment removal upon termination of the lease.
(16) 
The Township reserves the right to review all maintenance plans and bonds under this chapter to ensure that all conditions of the permit are being followed.
(17) 
Signature of the applicant.
(18) 
In addition to the site plan requirements listed previously, the major solar energy system shall be subject to the following:
(a) 
A site grading, erosion control and stormwater drainage plan shall be submitted to the Luzerne Conservation District and Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection. These plans shall also be reviewed by the Township's engineering firm. The cost of this review will be the responsibility of the applicant.
(b) 
A statement indicating what hazardous materials will be used and stored on the site.
(c) 
A study assessing any potential impacts on the natural environment, including, but not limited to, assessing the potential impact on endangered species, eagles, birds and/or wildlife, wetlands and fragile ecosystems. The study shall conform to state and federal wildlife agency recommendations based on local conditions.
I. 
Use of public roads.
(1) 
The applicant shall identify all state and local public roads to be used within the Township to transfer equipment and parts for construction, operation or maintenance of the major solar energy system.
(2) 
The Township's engineer or a qualified third-party engineer hired by the Township and paid for by the applicant shall document road conditions prior to construction if applicable. The engineer shall document road conditions again 30 days after construction is complete or as weather permits.
(3) 
The Township may require the applicant to bond the road(s) in compliance with state regulations.
(4) 
Any road damage caused by the applicant or its contractors shall be promptly repaired at the applicant's expense.
(5) 
The applicant shall demonstrate that it has appropriate financial assurance to ensure the prompt repair of damaged roads to the satisfaction of the Township.
J. 
Access driveway. Each major energy system shall require the construction of a private road to offer an adequate means by which the Township may readily access the site in the event of an emergency.
K. 
Safety requirements.
(1) 
If the major energy system is connected to a public utility system for net metering purposes, it shall meet the requirements for interconnection and operation set forth in the public utility's then-current service regulations applicable to solar power generation facilities, and the connection shall be inspected by the appropriate public utility.
(2) 
Security measures need to be in place to prevent unauthorized trespass and access. All access doors to electrical equipment shall be locked and/or fenced, as appropriate, to prevent entry by nonauthorized person(s).
(3) 
All spent lubricants, cooling fluids, and any other hazardous materials shall be properly and safely removed in a timely manner, and disposed of in accordance with current DEP regulations.
(4) 
Each major energy system shall have a minimum one sign, not to exceed two square feet in area, posted on the security fence if applicable. The sign shall contain at least the following:
(a) 
Warning high voltage.
(b) 
Manufacturer and owner/operator's name.
(c) 
Emergency contact numbers (list more than one number).
(5) 
To the extent applicable, a major energy system shall comply with the Pennsylvania Uniform Construction Code, 34 Pa. Code Chapters 401 through 405.
L. 
Natural resources and historic sites. No major energy system shall be located less than 1,000 feet from any important bird area or migration corridor, National Wetland Inventory Wetland, historic site or lake, dam, ponds or public water supply sources.
M. 
Minimum lot size. A major energy solar system shall require a minimum lot size of not less than 30 acres.
N. 
Parking. If the solar energy system site is fully automated, adequate parking shall be required for maintenance workers. If the site is not automated, the number of required parking spaces shall be equal to the number of people on the largest shift, plus overflow spaces equal to 20% of the required spaces based on the number of employees, but not less than two parking spaces.
O. 
Licenses; other regulations. The applicant shall demonstrate that the required permits and licenses from the federal Energy Regulatory Commission, the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection, the Pennsylvania Public Utility Commission, and other agencies have been obtained. The applicant shall also document compliance with all applicable state and federal regulations by providing to the Township copies of all required documents, studies, and responses (e.g., National Environmental Policy Act,[2] Pennsylvania Natural Diversity Inventory submission, Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission compliance, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the Department of Conservation and Natural Resources and the PA Game Commission).
[2]
Editor's Note: See 42 U.S.C. § 4321 et seq.
P. 
Liability insurance. The applicant for a major energy system shall submit a certificate of insurance evidencing general liability coverage in the minimum amount of $1,000,000 per occurrence and property damage coverage in the minimum amount of $1,000,000 per occurrence covering the solar energy system. The applicant shall provide the Township with proof of annual renewal prior to expiration.
Q. 
Landscaping. Existing vegetation on and around the site shall be preserved to the greatest extent possible without restricting solar access.
R. 
Soil erosion and sedimentation control; stormwater management. If applicable, all earth disturbances shall comply with the soil erosion and sedimentation control requirements of the Luzerne Conservation District and the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection, and no approval shall be granted under this chapter until the applicant provides a copy of the approved soil erosion and sedimentation control plan and any required permits. A stormwater management plan and stormwater management facilities shall be provided for all major energy systems in accord with the Township's current stormwater management requirements.[3]
[3]
Editor's Note: See Ch. 192, Stormwater Management.
S. 
Fire control/local emergency services.
(1) 
The applicant shall provide a project summary and fire control site plan, including details about any fire-suppression system proposed for any major energy system or structure. The plan shall be provided to the applicable fire company for review and comment.
(2) 
Upon request, the applicant shall cooperate with emergency services to develop and coordinate implementation of an emergency response plan for the major energy system.
T. 
Solar access. A property owner who has installed or intends to install a solar collection system shall be responsible for negotiating with other property owners in the vicinity for any necessary solar easement and shall record the easement with the office of Luzerne County Recorder of Deeds.
U. 
Compatibility with other ordinance requirements. Approvals issued pursuant to this chapter do not relieve the applicant of the responsibility to secure required permits or approvals for activities regulated by any other applicable code, rule, act or ordinance.

§ 255-845 School.

A school, whether public or private, primary or secondary, shall have a minimum lot size of three acres, and any outdoor recreational or play area shall be located not less than 150 feet from any residential lot line or existing residential dwelling unit.

§ 255-846 Solid waste landfill (including solid waste transfer facility and solid-waste-to-energy facility).

All solid waste storage, disposal, incineration or processing shall meet the following requirements:
A. 
The use, activity or any aspect of the operation shall be located not less than 250 feet from any street right-of-way, lot line, 100-year floodplain, edge of a surface water body, creek, stream or wetland; and not less than 1,500 feet from any residential zoning district, or lot line where a residential dwelling unit, place of worship, or public recreational activity is located.
B. 
Burning and incineration are prohibited, except for an approved waste to energy facility.
C. 
The site shall contain a minimum of three access drives, each of which shall be not less than 24 feet in width, and all of which shall be improved in accordance with Chapter 201, Subdivision and Land Development, of the Code of the Township of Foster and connect to a public street sufficient in size to accommodate the proposed traffic expected to be generated by the use. One of the access drives shall be restricted to use by emergency vehicles only and shall be clearly marked and identified as such. The application shall also be accompanied by a plan of the site that includes the location of access drives and proposed structures, and an emergency response plan to address potential safety concerns associated with the use.
D. 
The lot shall at all times be maintained so as not to constitute a private or public nuisance or adversely impact the public health, safety or welfare.
E. 
A solid waste facility shall have a maximum lot size of 25 acres, whether developed initially or cumulatively, with a maximum total capacity to treat or dispose of waste being 500 tons per day.
F. 
Except for the required access drives (which shall be secured by locked gates, which may only be open during business hours), the premises shall be completely screened by a wall or fence not less than eight feet in height and a planting strip not less than five feet in depth, with shrubbery, plants or evergreen trees which are a minimum of six feet in height at the time of planting. This area must then be suitably landscaped and maintained. In addition, an attendant shall be present during all periods of operation or dumping to ensure that:
(1) 
Only authorized waste is accepted;
(2) 
The access drives remain unobstructed; and
(3) 
Litter, garbage and rubbish is collected from the site and its surrounding on a regular daily basis prior to the closing of business on each day.
G. 
The days and hours of operation shall be limited to Monday through Friday from 7:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. and Saturday from 7:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. The facility shall not conduct any approved operations at any other times and days.
H. 
The operator shall take all necessary precautions to prevent litter, garbage and rubbish from scattering off-site and shall regularly monitor the site and its surroundings, collecting litter, garbage and other rubbish that may have escaped from the facility or trucks.
I. 
Dangerous materials such as radioactive, hazardous or infectious waste may not be stored, processed, disposed of, or incinerated on-site.
J. 
All loading and unloading of solid waste shall occur within an enclosed building and over an impervious surface drain to a holding tank that is then adequately treated. All solid waste processing and storage shall occur within an enclosed building or enclosed container.
K. 
All applications shall include an estimated life expectancy for the proposed use, a plan for the future productive use of the property once the life of the project has terminated, a proposed cost to reclaim the property and implement the future use, and a financial guarantee for implementation of that use.
L. 
All applications shall include the same information, written materials and plans that are to be submitted to the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection as part of the state permitting process.

§ 255-847 Standalone noncommercial windmill.

The following requirements shall apply to a proposed standalone noncommercial windmill.
A. 
The applicant shall be required to submit the following information:
(1) 
The applicant and landowner's name and contact information. Please note that the conditional use application must be signed by both the applicant and the landowner, regardless of any equitable interest or other documentation held by the applicant. Failure to provide an application bearing both signatures will be deemed to be an incomplete submission and shall represent a basis for denying the application.
(2) 
The Tax Map numbers, existing use and acreage of the site parcel.
(3) 
A copy of the deed to the property.
B. 
Design and installation.
(1) 
Design safety certification. The design of a standalone noncommercial windmill shall conform to applicable industry standards, including those of the American National Standards Institute. The applicant shall submit certificates of design compliance obtained by the equipment manufacturer's from Underwriters Laboratories, Det Norske Veritas, Germanishcer Lloyd Wind Energies, or other similar certifying organizations.
(2) 
All components of a standalone noncommercial windmill shall be designed and constructed to be in compliance with pertinent provisions of the Pennsylvania Uniform Construction Code. The owner of a small standalone noncommercial windmill shall have all components the facility inspected annually, with each inspection not to exceed a twelve-month period, for structural and operational integrity by a licensed professional engineer and shall submit a copy of the inspection report to the Township.
(3) 
Controls and brakes. A standalone noncommercial windmill shall be equipped with a redundant braking system. This includes both aerodynamic overspeed controls (including variable pitch, tip, and other similar systems) and mechanical brakes. Mechanical brakes shall be operated in a fail-safe mode. Stall regulation shall not be considered a sufficient braking system for overspeed protection.
(4) 
Rotor blades. The minimum distance between the ground and any part of the rotor blade system shall be 30 feet.
(5) 
Electrical components.
(a) 
All electrical components of a standalone noncommercial windmill shall conform to the Pennsylvania Uniform Construction Code.
(b) 
The maximum turbine power output shall be limited to 10 KW.
(c) 
All on-site electrical wiring associated with the system shall be installed underground except for "tie-ins" to a public utility company and public utility company transmission poles, towers and lines.
(d) 
The applicant shall demonstrate that a standalone noncommercial windmill shall not cause disruption or loss of radio, telephone, television or similar signals, and shall be required to mitigate any harm caused by the operation of the system.
(e) 
At least one sign shall be posted on the tower at a height of five feet warning of electrical shock or high voltage and harm from revolving machinery. No brand names, logo or advertising shall be placed or painted on the tower, rotor, or generator where it would be visible from the ground, except that a system or tower's manufacturer's logo may be displayed on a system generator housing in an unobtrusive manner.
(f) 
Anchor points for any guy wires for a standalone noncommercial windmill shall be located within the property that the system is located on and not on or across any aboveground electric transmission or distribution lines. The point of attachment for the guy wires shall be enclosed by a fence six feet high or sheathed in bright orange or yellow covering eight feet above the ground.
C. 
Visual appearance.
(1) 
A visual analysis of a standalone noncommercial windmill as intended to be installed shall be provided with conditional use. The visual analysis shall include a computerized photographic simulation demonstrating the visual impacts from nearby strategic vantage points selected by the Zoning Hearing Board.
(2) 
Exterior lighting on any structure associated with the system shall not be allowed except that which is specifically required by the Federal Aviation Administration.
(3) 
A standalone noncommercial windmill's tower and blades shall be painted in a nonreflective, light gray or light blue hue which blends with sky and clouds.
(4) 
A standalone noncommercial windmill shall be designed and located in such a manner to minimize adverse visual impacts from public viewing areas (e.g., public parks, roads, trails). To the greatest extent feasible, the system:
(a) 
Shall not project above the top of ridgelines.
(b) 
Shall be screened to the maximum extent feasible by natural vegetation or other means to minimize potentially significant adverse visual impacts on neighboring residential areas.
D. 
Lot size, setback and height requirements.
(1) 
A standalone noncommercial windmill shall not exceed a maximum height of 80 feet and shall be located on a lot with a minimum size of not less than 10 acres.
(2) 
Setback requirements. A small standalone noncommercial windmill shall not be located closer to a property line than 2.5 times the turbine height as measured from center point of the base of the tower.
(3) 
Only one standalone noncommercial windmill per legal lot shall be allowed.
E. 
Climb prevention/locks.
(1) 
Towers shall be constructed to provide one of the following means of access control or other appropriate method of access:
(a) 
Tower-climbing apparatus located no closer than 15 feet from the ground.
(b) 
A locked anti-climb device installed on the tower.
(2) 
A locked, protective fence at least six feet in height shall enclose the tower and electrical equipment to prevent entry by nonauthorized persons.
F. 
Noise and shadow flicker.
(1) 
Audible sound from a standalone noncommercial windmill shall not exceed 50 dBA, measured at all points of the site's property line. Methods for measuring and reporting acoustic emissions from wind turbines and the wind energy facility shall be equal to or exceed the minimum standards for precision described in AWEA Standard 2.1, 1989, titled "Procedures for the Measurement and Reporting of Acoustic Emissions from Wind Turbine Generation Systems Volume I: First Tier."
(2) 
Reasonable efforts shall be made to preclude shadow flicker to any off-site building not owned by the applicant. The applicant shall provide an assessment of potential buildings that could be affected.
G. 
Abandonment. A standalone noncommercial windmill which is not used for 12 successive months shall be deemed abandoned and shall be dismantled and removed from the property at the expense of the property owner.

§ 255-848 Trucking facilities.

The minimum lot size shall not be less than four acres. Access drives shall be sufficient in width to accommodate the use, but in no event exceed 25 feet in width. Access drives must connect to a public street. Where the operation abuts a zoning district where residences are a principal permitted use, or where an existing residential dwelling unit is located, a solid wall or substantial, attractive fence not less than eight feet in height shall be constructed and maintained in good condition along such boundary line, and a buffer yard of not less than 300 feet in width must be landscaped and maintained in good condition. No parking, loading, idling, storage of any kind, or trucking use shall be allowed within the buffer yard. All truck idling in excess of 15 minutes shall be prohibited.

§ 255-849 Warehouse and distribution facilities.

All materials shall be stored within a completely enclosed building and outdoor storage of any kind is prohibited. Access drives shall be sufficient in width to accommodate the use, but in no event shall any access drive exceed 25 feet in width. No activities, including off-street parking, shall be allowed within 150 feet of a property line abutting a district having residences as a principal permitted use. All truck idling in excess of 15 minutes shall be prohibited.

§ 255-850 Wind energy facilities.

A. 
Information to be submitted. The applicant for a wind energy facility shall be required to submit the following information:
(1) 
The applicant and landowner's name and contact information.
(2) 
The Tax Map numbers, existing use and acreage of the site parcels or which it is to be located.
(3) 
A narrative describing the proposed wind energy facility, including an overview of the project; the project location; the generating capacity of the wind energy facility; the number, representative types and height of all wind turbines to be constructed, including their generating capacity, dimensions and respective manufacturers, and a description of ancillary facilities.
(4) 
A site plan sealed by a professional land surveyor at a scale not greater than one inch equals 100 feet, which includes but may not be limited to, identification of the properties on which the proposed wind energy facility will be located with the name and mailing address of the owners of record, the properties adjacent to where the wind energy facility will be located with the name and mailing address of the owners of record, the proposed location of each wind turbine within the wind energy facility, property lines, setback lines, access roads, substations, electrical cabling from each wind turbine within the wind energy facility to the substations, ancillary equipment, buildings, and structures, including permanent meteorological towers.
(5) 
A survey drawing at an appropriate and legible scale showing the proposed location of the wind energy facility (including access roads) as it relates to the boundaries of the parcel, adjacent ownerships and existing residences, schools, churches, hospitals, libraries, federal, state, county or local parks, and recognized historic or heritage sites within a distance of 2,000 feet or less from any property boundary.
(6) 
As applicable, copies of all proposed leases required to be secured by the applicant shall be provided if the applicant is not the sole owner of the parcel or parcels on which the wind energy facility is proposed to be constructed. Boundaries of said leases shall be clearly illustrated upon the site plan.
(7) 
Standard drawings of proposed wind turbine structures, including the tower, base and footings.
(8) 
Documentation that all proposed wind turbines conform to applicable industry standards, including compliance with the Pennsylvania Uniform Construction Code (UCC) and the regulations adopted by the Department of Labor and Industry. All wiring shall comply with the applicable version of the National Electric Code (NEC). The design of the wind energy facility shall conform to applicable industry standards, including those of the American National Standards Institute.
(9) 
The applicant shall submit certificates of design compliance obtained by the equipment manufacturers from Underwriters Laboratories, Det Norske Veritas, Germanishcer Lloyd Wind Energies, or other similar certifying organizations certified by an engineer registered in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.
(10) 
A completed environmental impact statement, otherwise required for a conditional use, under § 255-705 of this chapter shall be provided.
(11) 
The applicant shall provide three-dimensional graphic information that accurately portrays the visual impact of the proposed wind farm and each individual wind turbine within that wind farm from various vantage points selected by the Board of Supervisors, such as, but not limited to, residential developments, roads and recreation areas. This graphic information shall be provided in the form of photographs or computer-generated images with the wind turbines superimposed, as may be required by the Board of Supervisors. The Board of Supervisors shall also require the applicant to conduct a balloon test to confirm the visual impact.
B. 
Approval standards. A wind energy facility shall in addition to all other applicable criteria and requirements of this chapter comply with the following:
(1) 
The minimum distance between the ground and any part of the rotor blade system shall be 100 feet.
(2) 
To limit unauthorized access, a fence eight feet high with a locking portal shall be placed around the base of the tower of a wind turbine. Also, all access doors to wind turbines and electrical equipment shall be locked prevent entry by nonauthorized persons. A sign shall be posted on the entry area of the fence around each wind turbine or group of towers and any building, containing emergency contact information, including a telephone number with twenty-four-hour, seven-days-a-week coverage.
(3) 
A clearly visible warning sign concerning voltage must be placed at the base of all pad-mounted transformers and substations. Visible, reflective, color objects, such as flags, reflectors, or tape, shall be placed on the anchor points of guy wires and along the guy wires up to a height of 10 feet from the ground.
(4) 
Wind turbines shall not be climbable up to 15 feet above the average grade of the ground surface. Tower-climbing apparatus shall be located no closer than 15 feet from the ground and a locked anti-climb device shall be installed on the tower.
(5) 
No signs or lights shall be mounted on any wind turbine except as may be required by this chapter, the Federal Aviation Administration, or other governmental agency which has jurisdiction. No wind turbine shall be artificially lighted, except as required by the Federal Aviation Administration or for security purposes approved as part of the zoning permit. No approved security light source shall be exposed to the eye except those covered by globes or diffusers so that the lights are fully shielded to project the light below the horizontal plane of the lowest point of the fixture. Other lighting shall be indirect or surrounded by a shade to hide visibility of the light source. No direct or sky-reflected glare, whether from overhead lighting or floodlights, shall be permitted. The applicant shall provide a copy of the response to notice of proposed construction or alteration forms submitted to the FAA and PA DOT Bureau of Aviation, and the wind energy facility and support structures shall comply with all Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation (PA DOT) requirements.
(6) 
All wind turbines shall have an automatic braking, governing or feathering system to prevent uncontrolled rotation, overspeeding and excessive pressure on the tower structure, rotor blades and turbine components. Mechanical brakes shall be operated in a fail-safe mode. Stall regulation shall not be considered a sufficient braking system for overspeed protection.
(7) 
All power transmission lines from a wind turbine to on-site substations shall be underground.
(8) 
The applicant shall submit a certificate of insurance evidencing general liability coverage in the minimum amount of $1,000,000 per occurrence and property damage coverage in the minimum amount of $1,000,000 per occurrence, covering the wind energy facility and all its facilities. The applicant shall provide the Township with proof of annual renewal prior to expiration.
C. 
Siting and installation. A wind energy facility shall:
(1) 
Combine transmission lines and points of connection to local distribution lines.
(2) 
Connect the facility to existing substations or, if new substations are needed, minimize the number of new substations.
(3) 
All wiring between wind turbines and the wind energy facility substation shall be underground.
(4) 
The wind power generation facility, if interconnected to a utility system, shall meet the requirements for interconnection and operation as set forth in the electric utility's then-current service regulations applicable to wind power generation facilities and shall provide evidence of a signed interconnection agreement or letter of intent with the interconnecting utility company.
D. 
Land area requirements and setbacks.
(1) 
A wind energy facility shall require a minimum lot size of not less than 50 acres, with a minimum lot width of 660 feet and a minimum lot depth of 660 feet.
(2) 
If the parcel on which the wind energy facility is located is a separate and distinct parcel, no wind turbine shall be located closer to any property line than 1,500 feet as measured from the center of the foundation of a wind turbine. The setback for equipment containers, other accessory structures, and any guy wire anchors shall be a minimum of 500 feet from any property line.
(3) 
If the land on which a wind energy facility is located is leased or is used by license or easement, no wind turbine shall be located closer to any line of lease, license or easement than 1,500 feet as measured from the center of the foundation of a wind turbine. The setback distance for equipment containers, other accessory structures, and guy wire anchors shall be a minimum of 500 feet from the line of lease, license or easement. If the land to construct a wind energy facility is to be leased, a subdivision plan must be submitted to and approved by the Township creating the new parcel to be leased prior to granting approval.
(4) 
No wind turbine within a wind energy facility shall be located less than 1,500 feet from any public road as measured from the center of the foundation of a wind turbine to the outer edge the public right-of-way.
(5) 
Each wind turbine shall be set back from the nearest aboveground public electric power line or telephone line a distance no less than 1.1 times its total height, as measured from the center of the foundation of a wind turbine to an existing power line or telephone line.
E. 
Nuisance issues.
(1) 
All wind turbines shall be located so that the level of noise produced by wind turbine operation shall not exceed 55 dBA, measured at all points of the site's property line. Methods for measuring and reporting acoustic emissions from wind turbines and the wind energy facility shall be equal to or exceed the minimum standards for precision described in AWEA Standard 2.1, 1989, titled "Procedures for the Measurement and Reporting of Acoustic Emissions from Wind Turbine Generation Systems Volume I: First Tier."
(2) 
The applicant shall document that the radio, television, telephone or reception of similar signals from nearby properties will not be disturbed or diminished by the installation of any wind turbine.
(3) 
No vibration associated with the operation of a wind turbine shall be permitted which is detectable without instruments at or beyond the property line, and no use shall generate any vibration which is capable of causing damage to buildings, structures, equipment alignment, or structural soundness.
(4) 
The applicant shall make reasonable efforts in siting proposed locations of wind turbines to minimize shadow flicker to any off-site building.
(5) 
The applicant shall provide to the Board of Supervisors a written plan regarding how complaints about noise, communications interference and vibration will be addressed by the operator of a wind turbine a plant.
F. 
Environmental and visual.
(1) 
No wind turbine shall be located less than 1,000 feet from any important bird area or migration corridor, National Wetland Inventory Wetland, historic site or lake, dam, stream, creek, ponds or public water supply sources or waterways. These areas shall be defined or designated by the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection and/or as depicted on USGS mapping.
(2) 
Wind energy facilities shall not be used for displaying any advertising except for reasonable identification of the manufacturer or operator of the wind energy facility.
(3) 
The design of the wind turbines buildings and related structures shall, to the extent reasonably possible, use materials, colors, textures, screening and landscaping that will blend the facility into the natural setting and existing environment.
(4) 
Where wind characteristics permit, wind turbines shall be set back from the tops of visually prominent ridgelines.
(5) 
The maximum turbine height, as so defined in this chapter, shall not exceed 450 feet.
(6) 
Wind turbines shall be designed and located to minimize adverse visual impacts from neighboring residential areas to the greatest extent feasible.
(7) 
Wind turbines shall be designed to avoid, to the extent practicable, the creation of artificial habitat for raptors or raptor prey, such as electrical equipment boxes on or near the ground that can provide shelter and warmth, horizontal perching opportunities on the towers or related structures, or soil where weeds can accumulate.
(8) 
A wind energy facility shall provide conclusive documentation that the location and operation of the proposed facility will not adversely affect the wildlife habitat, including but not limited to bats and birds of the region and associated migration routes. Comments from any state and/or federal agency having a jurisdictional review or stewardship over the protection of wildlife shall be required.
G. 
Traffic.
(1) 
Access to a wind energy facility shall be provided by means of a public street or easement to a public street. All access easements shall be a minimum of 25 feet in width and shall be improved to a width of not less than 12 feet with an improved, durable, dust-free, all-weather surface. No access easement shall exceed a grade of 15% unless it can be proven to the Township Engineer that an unsafe situation is not being proposed, the road surface can be properly maintained by the applicant and emergency vehicles can negotiate the excessive slopes.
(2) 
The applicant shall identify all state, county and Township roads to be used within Foster Township intended for use to transport equipment and parts for construction, operation or maintenance of the wind energy facility.
(3) 
The applicant is responsible for remediation of damaged roads upon completion of the installation or maintenance of a wind energy facility. A bond, letter of credit or other financial guarantee shall be posted by the applicant in an amount determined by the Township Engineer to be fair, reasonable and sufficient to compensate the Township for any damage to Township roads.
(4) 
The Township shall hire a licensed professional engineer to document the condition of Township roads prior to the start of construction. The engineer shall document the road conditions again within 30 days of the completion of construction or as weather permits. Completion of construction shall be deemed to be the date on which final approval land development approval is granted by the Board of Supervisors. The applicant shall be responsible to reimburse the Township for the subject engineering fees.
(5) 
If the wind farm site is fully automated, adequate parking shall be required for maintenance workers. If the site is not automated, the number of required parking spaces shall be equal to the number of people on the largest shift, plus overflow spaces equal to 20% of the required spaces based on the employees but not less than two.
H. 
Decommissioning and restoration requirements. The owner or operator of a wind energy facility or the landowner shall complete decommissioning within 12 months after the end of the useful life of a wind energy facility. Each wind turbine will be presumed to be at the end of its useful life if no electricity is generated for a continuous period of 12 months. All decommissioning expenses shall be the responsibility of the owner, operator or landowner and shall be so identified, in writing, as part of the approval process for any a wind energy facility. Decommissioning shall include the removal of each wind turbine, buildings, electrical components, and roads to a depth of 60 inches, as well as any other associated facilities. Any foundation shall be removed to a minimum depth of 60 inches below grade, or to the level of the bedrock if less than 60 inches below grade. Following removal, the location of any remaining wind turbine foundation shall be identified on a map as such and recorded with the deed to the property with the County Register of Deeds. All access roads to the wind turbine shall be removed, cleared, and graded by the owner, operator, or landowner unless the landowner requests, in writing, a desire to maintain the access road. The Township will not be assumed to take ownership of any access road unless through official action of the Township Supervisors. The site and any disturbed earth shall be stabilized, graded, and cleared of any debris by the owner, operator or landowner. An independent and certified professional engineer shall be retained by the Township to estimate the total cost of decommissioning ("decommissioning costs") with no regard to salvage value of the equipment, and the cost of decommissioning net salvage value of the equipment ("net decommission costs"). When determining this amount, the Township may also require an annual escalator or increase based on the Federal Consumer Price Index (or equivalent or its successor). Said estimates shall be submitted to the Township Zoning Officer after the first year of operation and every fifth year thereafter. The owner or operator shall post and maintain decommissioning funds in an amount equal to or greater than net decommissioning costs, provided that at no point shall decommissioning funds be less than 100% of decommissioning costs. The decommissioning funds shall be posted and maintained with a bonding company or federal or state chartered lending institution chosen by the owner or operator posting the financial security. The bonding company or lending institution must be authorized to conduct such business and be approved by the Township.

§ 255-851 Vacation home rentals.

[Added 12-30-2019 by Ord. No. 5-2019]
Any vacation home rental must meet all of the following standards:
A. 
The vacation home rental shall not adversely affect the character of the neighborhood and shall not generate noise, vibration, glare, odor, or other effects that unreasonably interfere with a person's enjoyment of his or her neighborhood.
B. 
The owner of the vacation home rental shall be responsible for the safety and welfare of all transient visitors and guests, preserving the peace and quiet of the community within which the vacation home rental is found. The owner shall maintain and operate the vacation home rental in accordance with all laws, regulations, and ordinances, including, but not limited to, the Foster Township Code of Ordinances, as amended.
C. 
There shall be no physical changes to the premises so that it no longer looks like a single-family dwelling, such as constructing a separate entrance for guests.

§ 255-852 Cargo containers and cargo container storage areas.

[Added 4-13-2022 by Ord. No. 1-2022]
A. 
Cargo containers shall comply with the following regulations:
(1) 
Cargo containers shall only be permitted as an accessory structure or use in the A-1, B-2, B-3, I-1, and I-2 Zoning Districts.
(2) 
Cargo containers shall not be stored or placed as a principal or accessory structure or use on property zoned R-1, R-lA, R-2, C-1, S-1, AEO, PRD, or on a lot where the principal use is residential. However, the temporary placement of a cargo container shall be permitted for the limited purpose of loading and unloading household contents or goods for a period not exceeding 30 days in any one calendar year.
(3) 
Cargo containers shall be permitted for a period of not more than 180 days in any one calendar year in any zoning district provided the cargo container is being used by a contractor for the temporary storage of equipment or materials during construction which is taking place on the lot where the cargo container is located.
(4) 
Cargo containers where permitted shall not be:
(a) 
Stacked above one another.
(b) 
Used as a sign for advertising.
(c) 
Used for the storage of hazardous substances.
(5) 
Cargo containers where permitted shall be:
(a) 
Located in a rear yard in the B-2, and B-3 Zoning Districts.
(b) 
Located in a side or rear yard in the A-1, I-1, and I-2 Zoning Districts.
(c) 
Not less than 25 feet from any lot line.
(d) 
Limited to two per lot.
B. 
Cargo container storage yards shall comply with the following regulations:
(1) 
The stacking of cargo containers more than 20 feet in height is prohibited.
(2) 
The lot shall be enclosed by a fence not less than eight feet in height constructed and intended to screen the use of the property from public view.
(3) 
All driveways, access drives and parking areas shall be paved.
(4) 
All cargo container storage areas shall be located not less than 50 feet from all lot lines.