Franklin County Unincorporated
City Zoning Code

OFF-STREET PARKING

AND LOADING

§ 155.330 REQUIRED PARKING IN VARIOUS ZONING DISTRICTS.

In all districts, there shall be provided adequate off-street parking areas in accordance with the requirements of this subchapter whenever there is an addition or enlargement of an existing building, change of use or number of employees or increase in floor area or development of any new structure.

(A) In all zones, parking for any residential structure, single dwelling or multiple dwelling shall be provided in accordance with requirements in these tables on the same site as the residential structure.

(B) (1) Parking for any business shall be in a Commercial (C) Zoning District; parking for any industrial use shall be in an Industrial (I) District. No industrial or commercial parking may be permitted in any residential district.

(2) All required parking shall be provided on the same site as the principal use or within 200 feet of such site.

(Ord. 8, passed 10-23-1987, § 10.01)

§ 155.331 TABLE OF REQUIRED PARKING.

Off-street parking shall be required for various uses in accordance with the following table.

Table of Required Parking
Land Use	Minimum Parking Spaces Required	Per Unit
Auto and truck repair	4	1,000 sq. ft. service area
Auto sales	1	Space for each 7,000 sq. ft. of outdoor display/sales area, plus 1 space for 250 sq. ft. of interior display/sales area, plus parking requirements for auto service establishment (if applicable)
Banks	3	1,000 sq. ft. gross floor area
Barber and beauty shops	3	Chair
Bowling alley	4	Alley
Country clubs and private clubs; note: individual recreational components shall be counted separately	6	Per 1,000 sq. ft. floor area
Churches	1	4 seats or 50 sq. ft.
Commercial outdoor rifle, pistol, skeet, trap and shooting range	1	Per target area
Dormitories, group quarters	1	3 beds
Dwelling units
Single unit	2	Dwelling unit
Duplex	2	Dwelling unit
Townhouse	2	Dwelling unit
Apartments	1 + 0.5 per bedroom, per dwelling unit
Efficiency/studio apartments	1	Dwelling unit
Funeral parlors	1	4 seats or 32 sq. ft. floor area
Greenhouse/nurseries	1.5	1,000 sq. ft. floor area
Hospital, nursing home	1	2 beds
Ice cream parlor/coffee shop with no drive-through; if drive through, see “restaurant”	5	1,000 sq. ft. gross floor area
Indoor recreation, athletic and exercise facilities	4	1,000 sq. ft. floor area
Laboratories, studios	1	2 employees
Laundry, dry cleaning services	3	1,000 sq. ft.
Manufacturing, industrial	1	2 employees, combined 2 shifts
Medical office/clinics and veterinary hospitals	2.5	Per examination room
Dental office	2.5	Per examination room
Other professional offices	3	1,000 sq. ft. gross floor area
Motel, hotel	1	Guest bedroom
Museums, art galleries, libraries	1.5	1,000 sq. ft.
Penal or correctional institution	1	2 employees
Race tracks	1	3 seats
Recreation
Golf courses	1.5	Hole
Swimming pools	1	30 sq. ft. water surface
Tennis courts	4	Court
Convenience stores and gas stations	5	1,000 sq. ft. gross floor area
Retail, high intensity (i.e., grocery, meat, apparel, drugs, variety, similar)	5	1,000 sq. ft. gross floor
Retail, low intensity (i.e., appliance, furniture, television)	3	1,000 sq. ft. display floor area
Restaurant, table service	8	1,000 sq. ft. gross floor area, plus 0.5 spaces per outside service table when provided
Restaurant, fast food	8	1,000 sq. ft. gross floor area, plus 0.5 spaces per outside service table when provided
Schools
Nursery, day care, child care	3 spaces plus 1 for every	Employee
Elementary	1	Classroom
Secondary and college	5	Classroom
Trade and vocational	5	Classroom
Self storage facility	1	Per 10 storage units
Shopping centers	4 3	1,000 sq. ft. leasable floor area under 400,000 sq. ft 1,000 sq. ft. leasable floor area 400,000 sq. ft. or more
Studios for artists, photographers and similar	2.5	Per 1,000 sq. ft. gross floor area
Theaters, auditoriums, stadiums and similar sports arenas	1/or 36	5 seats/or per screen (whichever is less)
Warehouses and freight terminals	1	1,000 sq. ft. gross floor area
Other retail or service uses not specified	5	1,000 sq. ft. of gross floor area

Special Notes for Calculation of Parking Spaces Provided

1. For facilities with fuel fill up stations, the number of cars able to be parked at the fill up stations shall count towards the number of spaces provided or any pump service area that accommodates a 22-foot in length parking stall will count toward the required parking spaces. However, a minimum of 1 handicap parking space meeting ADA requirements shall be provided on site.

2. Parking facilities may reduce the total minimum parking space requirement by 1 parking space for every 1 bicycle space provided on a permanently constructed bicycle rack. The maximum reduction of required parking spaces shall be 5% of the otherwise required amount.

3. The required parking listed for auto sales facilities is meant to be separate from the proposed area(s) for sales/ display area.

4. In order to qualify for the shopping center parking requirements, shopping centers shall contain a minimum of 3 tenants within the same building. When restaurant uses contain 50% or more floor area within a building, the parking calculation shall be based on restaurant use rather than shopping center for that space. Free-standing buildings or out lots within a shopping center development shall provide parking based on individual uses.

(Ord. 8, passed 10-23-1987, § 10.02)

§ 155.332 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS.

(A) Any area once designated as requiring off-street parking shall not be changed to any other use unless and until equal facilities are provided elsewhere.

(B) Two or more buildings or uses may collectively provide the required off-street parking in which case the required number of parking spaces shall be not less than the sum of the requirements for the several individual uses computed separately.

(C) Every company car, truck, tractor and trailer normally stored at a business site shall be provided with off-street parking space in an area reserved for the use as determined by the Planning Commission. Such space shall not be counted as meeting parking requirements.

(D) In cases of dual functioning off-street parking, where operating hours do not overlap, the Board of Zoning Adjustments may waive the total parking required; provided, said parking is sufficient to meet the requirements of the greatest demand or largest combined demands.

(E) Such parking spaces as required in this subchapter shall not be counted as meeting off-street loading requirements of this subchapter.

(F) New development should be encouraged to place the parking facilities behind buildings in order to place focal emphasis on the uses themselves rather than the parking areas.

(Ord. 8, passed 10-23-1987, § 10.03)

§ 155.333 OFF-STREET PARKING, FACILITY DESIGN STANDARDS.

Whenever the required off-street parking requires the building of a parking lot, and wherever a parking lot is built, such parking lot shall be laid out, constructed and maintained in accordance with the following regulations.

(A) Back-out parking prohibited. Except for parcels of land devoted to one- and two-dwelling uses, all areas devoted to off-street parking shall be so designed and be of such size that no vehicle is required to back into a public street to obtain egress.

(B) Parking rows.

(1) Continuous parking rows shall not exceed 17 parking spaces, unless separated by landscaped islands with a minimum width and depth equal to a parking space.

(2) Every parking row end shall provide a landscaped island not less in size of a standard parking space.

(1) (a) Where practical neighboring parking facilities on different parcels shall be connected to eliminate the necessity of utilizing the public right-of-way for cross-movements between the uses.

(b) This practice also helps to reduce the number of necessary driveways which reduces the number of pedestrian/vehicle conflict points.

(2) In those cases where a previously developed site later agrees to add a connection point, the use(s) on the subject site shall not be penalized for spaces lost in order to accommodate the connection.

(D) Parking stalls and drive widths.

(1) Each parking area shall provide painted parking stalls of minimum width and length and drive area of minimum width as indicated in the following table.

Angle of Parking	Stall Width	Length	Drive Two-Way	Drive One-Way
61 - 90	9 ft.	18 ft.	24 ft.	18 ft.
46 - 60	9 ft.	18 ft.	22 ft.	15 ft.
0 - 45	8-1/2 ft.	18 ft.	22 ft.	12 ft.
Parallel	8 ft.	22 ft.	22 ft.	12 ft.
NOTES TO TABLE: Where practical, wheel stops shall be provided for all parking stalls. If wheel stops are provided with no raised curb, then the pavement requirement of the parking stall may be reduced from 18 ft. to 16 ft., allowing a 2-ft. overhang.

(2) For purposes of measurement, drives with parking on one side only shall be considered as one-way drives.

(E) Parking stalls for small cars.

(1) Where parking can be restricted to compact, sub-compact or mini-compact vehicles, stall depth may be reduced to 15 feet and width to eight feet; provided, all stalls shall be designated for small cars with signs and surface markings.

(a) All off-street parking facilities may provide compact parking spaces for up to 30% of their required parking spaces.

(b) All off-street parking facilities providing more than 100 parking stalls shall provide compact parking spaces for 30% of their required parking spaces.

(2) Compact parking spaces shall be placed on the same side of a drive.

(F) Parking surface. All parking surfaces shall be constructed to meet the following standards.`

(1) Parking surfaces located on properties within the suburban area denoted in the county subdivision and site plan regulations shall conform to the following standards.

(a) All facilities devoted to off-street parking for more than 15 spaces as required under this subchapter shall be of a paved surface construction such as plant mix asphalt, penetrating asphalt, concrete paving, pervious concrete, pervious and impervious pavers (to standard for vehicular traffic), and/or permeable grid vegetative or stone systems not to include gravel. Main aisles of the parking lot may be required to be asphalt or concrete when deemed necessary by the Planning Director or Engineering Official.

1. A minimum of 25% of the parking spaces of parking areas that provide more than 15 spaces shall be provided using permeable or pervious pavement options.

2. When 50% or more of the parking spaces of parking areas that provide more than 15 spaces are constructed utilizing permeable or pervious pavement options the minimum number of spaces required by § 155.331 of this chapter may be reduced up to 10%.

3. When 100% of the parking spaces of parking areas more than 15 spaces are constructed utilizing permeable or pervious pavement options the minimum number of spaces required by § 155.331 of this chapter may be reduced up to 15%.

(b) The parking lot shall be drained to eliminate surface water.

(2) Parking surfaces located on properties within the rural area denoted in the county subdivision and site plan regulations shall conform to the following standards.

(a) All facilities devoted to off-street parking for more than 15 spaces as required under this subchapter shall be of a paved surface construction such as plant mix asphalt, penetrating asphalt, concrete paving, pervious concrete, pervious and impervious pavers (to standard for vehicular traffic) and/or permeable grid vegetative or stone systems not to include gravel. Main aisles of the parking may be required to be asphalt or concrete when deemed necessary by the Planning Director or Engineering Official.

1. A minimum of 25% of the parking spaces of parking areas that provide more than 15 spaces shall be provided using permeable or pervious pavement options.

2. When 50% or more of the parking spaces of parking areas that provide more than 15 spaces are constructed utilizing permeable or pervious pavement options, the minimum number of spaces required by § 155.331 of this chapter may be reduced up to 10%.

3. When 100% of the parking spaces of parking areas more than 15 spaces are constructed utilizing permeable or pervious pavement options, the minimum number of spaces required by § 155.331 of this chapter may be reduced up to 15%.

(b) In cases where an off-street parking facility is required for a commercial use listed as a permitted or conditional use in the AG Zone and is occurring on property zoned AG, a non-paved surface construction may be allowed.

(G) Pedestrian safety and circulation. In any parking facility where more than one aisle of parking stalls is to be provided, a pedestrian system should be provided which separates pedestrian movement from vehicular circulation. The pedestrian system shall provide access through the parking facility from the main entrance of the building on site to the adjacent right-of-way, any adjacent pedestrian facility that may exist (i.e., trails or other sidewalks not immediately adjacent to vehicle right-of-way) or to the nearest public transit shelter or pick-up location.

(H) Drive through drive aisle design. All drive aisles constructed to access a drive-through facility shall be designed to eliminate any possibility of interference with safe and efficient circulation on the development site or abutting public right-of-way.

(1) Spaces required.

Use	Minimum Spaces	Measured From
Automated teller machine (ATM)	2 per machine	Teller machine
Bank teller lane, laundromats/dry cleaners, drug store, ice cream parlor drive-through lane	3 per lane	Teller or window
Eating and/or drinking use-including packaged alcohol	6/3 per lane	6 from pick-up window, with minimum 3 from place of ordering

(2) Minimum dimensions. Each queue space shall be at least ten feet in width and 20 feet in length.

(I) Landscaping. In order to achieve better traffic control, eliminate glare, decrease excessive temperature, decrease runoff and alter the impressions created by continuously paved surface, landscape areas shall be provided within all parking lots. Such landscaping shall be in addition to areas planned for setbacks or buffers.

(1) Interior landscape islands shall be required within all parking facilities containing 6,000 or more square feet of area, or 20 or more parking spaces. A landscape area may be in the form of a strip planted with trees or shrubs and grass including a pedestrian walk between parking aisles or may be appropriately spaced, planted islands, peninsulas or other green space.

(2) In parking facilities containing 6,000 or more square feet of area, or 20 or more parking spaces, a minimum of one tree for every 20 parking spaces shall be provided, with shade trees of at least six feet in height.

(3) Landscape islands shall be installed with a lower elevation than the adjacent pavement, using curb cuts or other methods to ensure that their pervious nature is incorporated into the strategy of draining and treating surface water from the parking lot.

(4) Landscape islands shall be installed to provide landscape foliage for a minimum of 15% of the parking area. Such islands may be equally spaced within parking bays or grouped to provide more massive areas. Grouping may be encouraged to save large existing trees which will require greater area for root feeding and watering.

(5) Placement of landscape features shall not obstruct the vision of driveways or pedestrians at critical locations (i.e., access points and crosswalks).

(6) All parking facilities shall provide a landscape buffer when abutting residentially used or zoned property. This landscape buffer shall included a strip of evergreen trees at least six feet tall at time of planting or a privacy fence.

(7) (a) All parking facilities shall be screened, for the purpose of minimizing views of parked cars from the public right-of-way, by a three-foot minimum height screening of landscape material (trees, hedge, berming, decorative fencing/wall), except where pre-existing or proposed trees require breaks. This screening shall not encroach into the sight triangle at ingress/egress points.

(b) Note: in parking facilities for less than 20 spaces the interior landscape island requirement may be met entirely through the perimeter screening requirement. In parking facilities for more than 20 spaces, up to 50% of the interior landscape island square footage requirement may be met through the perimeter screening requirement.

(8) Exterior lighting shall be designed, erected and maintained so that light or glare is not directly cast upon adjacent properties or public rights-of-way.

(Ord. 8, passed 10-23-1987, § 10.04)

(J) Dumpsters. Dumpsters shall be located no less than ten feet from any property line and shall be screened on three sides. Dumpster screens shall consist of stone, brick, wood or plant material. Chain link fencing is not permitted for use as a screen. If plants are to be used as screening material they should be planted so as to reach the required height in one year (planting of mature plants recommended). Plants which die must be promptly replaced.

(Ord. 8, passed 10-23-1987, § 10.05)

§ 155.334 SETBACK REQUIREMENTS.

All parking facilities, except for single-dwelling residences, shall set back from all public right-of ways lines at least one-half of the setback requirements of the applicable zone. Any parking provided abutting a more restrictive zone shall have the same setback as the more restrictive zone. Parking provided to the side or rear of a structure shall set back from all lot lines a distance at least one-half of the side or rear yard requirement.

(Ord. 8, passed 10-23-1987, § 10.06)

§ 155.335 PARKING FACILITY INGRESS AND EGRESS STANDARDS.

(A) Driveway standards. Clearly defined driveways shall be provided for ingress and egress. Driveways shall be located and constructed subject to the following criteria or such standards as established by this chapter.

Driveway Standard	Single and Duplex Residential	Other Residential	Non-Residential
Maximum width at street right-of-way	24 ft.	25 ft.	****
Minimum width per drive lane	10 ft.	10 ft.	12 ft.
Minimum distance from interior lot line	2 ft. *	2 ft. *	***
Minimum distance between drive and structure	2 ft. 0 ft. **	2 ft. 0 ft. **	-
Minimum distance from street intersection	30 ft.	30 ft.	30 ft.
Minimum space between 2 drives/same property	25 ft.	25 ft.	25 ft.
Radius of curb return, minimum	5 ft.	5 ft.	25 ft.
NOTES TO TABLE: * A common drive between 2 lots may be permitted, but 4 feet space required between any 2 drives on separate properties. Where drives are provided with 0-ft. setback to the structure, the driveway shall be constructed to drain away from the structure. * 1/4 the required setback for applicable zone. **** Non-residential driveway widths should be an appropriate width for the intended use subject to review by the County Engineer and County Road Superintendent or KYTC representative.

(B) Fire lanes. Where parking areas have more than two parking bays, drives contiguous to the front of commercial structures shall provide an eight-foot painted fire lane and two 12-foot traffic lanes and be separated from parking areas by an aisle, island or identifiable marking at least three feet in width.

(C) Entrance/exit locations. Entrance or exit drive aisles in parking facilities shall not be located to discharge traffic directly into any portion of a turning lane, taper or an intersection. At the discretion of planning staff, entrance or exit drive aisles may be placed discharging into an intersection only if intersection is marked/signaled in such a way that the drive aisle is treated as an additional right-of-way turning movement in the intersection.

(Ord. 8, passed 10-23-1987, § 10.07)

§ 155.336 OFF-STREET LOADING.

(A) In all zoning districts, except residential districts, one off-street loading area for standing, loading and unloading shall be provided for each building or for each 25,000 square feet of usable floor area of grouped contiguous buildings.

(B) When trailer trucks are required for such loading and unloading the space provided shall be 60 feet (depth) by 14 feet (width) by 14 feet (height).

(Ord. 8, passed 10-23-1987, § 10.08)

§ 155.337 PARKING OR LOADING SPACES ESTABLISHED PRIOR TO ADOPTION OR AMENDMENT OF THIS ZONING REGULATION.

(A) Existing parking to remain. Any parking or loading spaces established prior to the adoption or amendment of this chapter and which are used or intended to be used in connection with any main building, structure or use, or any spaces designed and intended to comply with the requirements of this chapter for any such main building or structure erected after such adoption or amendment date shall hereafter be maintained so long as said building, structure or use remains, unless the owner provides and maintains in another location an equivalent number of required spaces in conformance with the provisions of this chapter.

(B) Change of use. Where the principal use is changed and additional parking space is required under the terms of this chapter as a result of such change, it shall be unlawful to begin or maintain such altered use until such time as the required off-street parking is provided; provided, there exists sufficient area on said lot available for additional parking spaces and not requiring structural alteration of any building.

(Ord. 8, passed 10-23-1987, § 10.09) Penalty, see § 155.999

§ 155.338 PARKING OF SPECIAL VEHICLES IN RESIDENTIAL DISTRICTS.

(A) Parking, storage or use of major recreation equipment and trailers.

(1) For purpose of these regulations, MAJOR RECREATIONAL EQUIPMENT is defined as including boats or coaches (designed to be mounted on automotive vehicles), motorized dwellings, tent trailers and the like, and cases or boxes used for transporting recreational equipment, whether occupied by such equipment or not.

(2) No major recreational equipment or trailer of any kind shall be parked or stored on the grass of any property used for residential purposes smaller than one-half acres. Such items may be located on a driveway or in an enclosed building.

(3) The following limited exemptions apply:

(a) Such equipment or trailers may be parked anywhere on residential premises for a time not to exceed 24 hours; and

(b) They may be parked on the grass for no more than 30 days within a 12-month period if such vehicle, trailer or equipment is posted for sale by owner.

(B) Living in vehicles. No vehicles shall be used for living, sleeping or housekeeping purposes when parked or stored on a residential lot, or in any location not approved for such use.

(C) Pick-up trucks permitted. Pick-up trucks with campers attached, or similar vehicles, which are used for normal work day transportation, are excluded from this restriction while in regular use for such purpose.

(D) Trucks. No vehicle with more than two axles, and requiring a commercial driver’s license shall be parked or stored unless within an enclosed building, in any residential zoning district under one and one-half acres.

(E) Inoperable vehicle. No junk, salvage or inoperable vehicle or vehicle without current license shall be parked or stored in a residential district under five acres. Such vehicles may be stored within a completely enclosed garage in any zoning district.

(Ord. 8, passed 10-23-1987, § 10.10)

§ 155.339 AUTO/EQUIPMENT SALES LOTS.

The following standards shall apply to the development of outdoor sales lots for the display/storage of automobiles, boats, recreational vehicles, ATVs, farm equipment, construction equipment or other substantially similar inventory as interpreted by staff.

(A) Auto/equipment sales lots differ in use from typical off street parking facilities. These lots serve as outdoor display areas of merchandise. Unlike typical off street parking facilities, auto/equipment sales lots are not required to be permanently striped so that retailers may arrange their merchandise on the sales lot as they choose.

(B) All auto/equipment sales lots shall provide a landscape buffer along the edge of the sales lot and/or property line whenever the property abuts residentially zoned property. This landscape buffer shall include a strip of evergreen trees or a privacy fence.

(C) Auto/equipment sales lots that utilize permeable paving options may be exempted from the interior landscape island requirements elsewhere in this chapter. Auto/equipment sales lots that do not utilize permeable paving options shall comply with paving surface requirements listed elsewhere in this chapter.

(D) Auto/equipment sales lots shall comply with screening requirements described in § 155.333 of this chapter.

(E) Auto/equipment sales lots built in compliance with this section must be separate from the required off-street parking facilities on site and marked clearly to define their area in contrast to the required off-street parking facilities. Where auto/equipment sales lots are not clearly defined as separate areas, the lots shall conform to all off-street parking regulations elsewhere in this regulation.

(Ord. 8, passed 10-23-1987, § 10.11)