Fredonia Village City Zoning Code
ARTICLE VI
Vision Clearance; Parking and Loading Facilities; Lighting Standards
§ 575-61 Traffic visibility.
A.
No obstructions, such as structures, parking or vegetation, shall be permitted in any district between the heights of three feet and 10 feet above the plane through the mean curb grades within the triangular space formed by any two existing or proposed intersecting street or alley right-of-way lines and a line joining points on such lines located a minimum of 15 feet from their intersection.
[Amended at time of adoption of Code (see Ch. 1, General Provisions, Art. II)]
B.
In the case of arterial streets intersecting with other arterial streets or railways, the corner cutoff distances establishing the triangular vision clearance space shall be increased to 50 feet.
§ 575-62 Loading requirements.
On every lot on which a business, trade or industrial use is hereafter established, space with access to a public street or alley shall be provided as indicated below for the loading and unloading of vehicles off the public right-of-way:
A.
Businesses. One space of at least 10 feet by 25 feet for each 3,000 square feet of floor area or part thereof.
B.
Wholesale and industrial. One space of at least 10 feet by 50 feet for each 10,000 square feet of floor area or part thereof.
C.
Bus and truck terminals. Sufficient space to accommodate the maximum number of buses or trucks to be stored or to be loaded or unloaded at the terminal at any one time.
§ 575-63 Parking requirements.
In all districts, except the B-1 Central Business District, and in connection with every use, there shall be provided at the time any use or building is erected, enlarged, extended or increased, off-street parking stalls for all vehicles in accordance with the following:
A.
Adequate access. Adequate access to a public street shall be provided for each parking space, and driveways shall be at least 10 feet wide for one- and two-family dwellings, at least 18 feet for agricultural uses, and a minimum of 24 feet for all other uses.
B.
Size. Size of each parking space shall be not less than 10 feet wide and 18 feet deep, exclusive of the space required for ingress and egress.
C.
Location. Location to be on the same lot as the principal use or not over 400 feet from the principal use.
D.
Surfacing. Within 12 months, all off-street parking areas shall be graded and have a hard surface (asphalt or concrete) so as to be dust-free and properly drained. Any parking area for more than five vehicles shall have the aisles and spaces clearly marked.
E.
Curbs. Curbs or barriers shall be installed a minimum of four feet from a property line so as to prevent the parked vehicles from extending over any lot lines.
F.
Required spaces. Spaces required:
Use | Minimum Parking Required | |
|---|---|---|
Single-family dwellings, two-family dwellings and mobile homes | 2 spaces for each dwelling unit | |
Housing for the elderly | 1 space for each dwelling unit | |
Multifamily dwellings | 2 spaces for each dwelling unit; 1 single-car garage required for each unit in any 3 or more unit dwelling | |
Motels, hotels | 1 space for each guest room plus 1 space for each 3 employees | |
Fraternity and sorority houses, dormitories, rectories | 1 space per bed | |
Retirement homes, orphanages, convents, monasteries | 1 space per 2,000 feet of principal floor area | |
Retail uses, general | 1 space per 250 square feet building area | |
Hospitals, sanatoriums, institutions, rest and nursing homes | 1 space for each 5 beds plus 1 space for each 3 employees | |
Medical and dental clinics | 5 spaces for each doctor on duty at any given time | |
Churches, theatres, auditoriums, community centers, vocational and night schools, and other places of public assembly | 1 space for each 5 seats | |
Colleges, secondary, and elementary schools | 1 space for each 2 employees plus 1 space for each 10 students of 16 years of age or more | |
Restaurants, bars, places of entertainment, lodges and clubs, repair shops, retail and service stores | 1 space for each 150 square feet of floor area and 1 space for each 2 employees | |
Manufacturing and processing plants (including meat and food processing), laboratories and warehouses | 1 space for each 2 employees | |
Financial institutions, business, government, and professional offices | 1 space for each 300 square feet of floor area and 1 space for each 2 employees | |
Funeral homes | 20 spaces for each viewing room | |
Bowling alleys | 5 spaces for each alley | |
Automobile repair garages and service garages | 1 space for each regular employee plus 1 space for each 250 square feet of floor area used for repair work | |
Motor vehicles sales (new and used) | 1 space for each 500 square feet of floor area used plus 300 square feet of outdoor display area for each motor vehicle to be displayed (This requirement does not include service garages. See above.) | |
Gasoline filling stations | 2 spaces for each grease rack or similar facility plus 1 space for each attendant |
G.
Uses not listed. In the case of structures or uses not mentioned, the provision for a use which is similar shall apply as determined by the Planning Commission.
H.
Combinations. Combinations of any of the above uses shall provide the total of the number of stalls required for each individual use unless it can be demonstrated with reasonable certainty that this would result in excess parking. In this case, the property owner may be required to hold land in reserve for additional future parking if needed.
I.
Reduction in paved parking area. At the request of the applicant, the Planning Commission may permit a reduction of 25% in the number of parking spaces which are to be paved at the time of parking lot construction or renovation. In the case of such reduction, the applicant may be required to show the location of the entire required parking area on the site plan and establish a letter of credit with the Village in an amount equal to 125% of the estimated cost of parking lot completion to be drawn upon at such time the Village deems it necessary to pave the remaining parking area.
J.
Exemption for preexisting parking areas. For existing parking lots that are undergoing renovation or in situations where the use of the building(s) served by the parking lot has changed, at the request of the applicant, the Planning Commission may permit a reduction in the required number of parking spaces when it is otherwise not possible to meet the requirements of this chapter regarding parking provisions or required greenspace.
K.
Off-street parking area accessory landscaping.
(1)
Landscaping required. All off-street parking areas which serve five vehicles or more and are created or redesigned and rebuilt subsequent to the adoption of this chapter shall be provided with accessory landscape areas in compliance with this section. Location of landscape areas, plant materials, protection afforded the planting, including curbing and provision for maintenance, shall be subject to approval by the Village Planning Commission. All plans for such proposed parking areas shall include a topographic survey or grading plan which shows existing and proposed grades and location of improvements. The preservation of existing trees, shrubs, and other natural vegetation in the parking area may be included in the calculation of the required minimum landscape area.
(2)
Screening required.
(a)
All off-street parking areas for five or more vehicles shall be screened from adjacent residential uses by a solid wall, fence, evergreen planting of equivalent capacity or other effective means, built and maintained at a minimum height of six feet.
(b)
All off-street parking areas for 20 or more vehicles shall be screened from adjacent residential uses and public rights-of-way by an eight-foot wide landscape screen consisting of a mix of evergreen and deciduous shrubs, provided and arranged in such a manner as to provide an effective visual barrier within two years of planting.
(3)
Applicability.
(a)
Off-street parking areas serving five to 19 vehicles shall provide a minimum of 20 square feet of accessory landscape areas per parking stall. The minimum size of each accessory landscape area shall not be less than 100 square feet.
(b)
Off-street parking areas serving 20 or more vehicles shall provide interior landscaping as detailed in § 575-63K(5).
(4)
Required trees.
(a)
Shade or ornamental trees are required within the vehicular use area at a ratio of one tree for every 10 parking spaces or fraction thereof. The trees must be evenly distributed throughout the vehicular use area. Where a landscape border or other landscape area abuts the vehicular use area, shade or ornamental trees within those landscape areas may count toward the vehicular use area requirement, provided:
(b)
Trees shall be planted in such a way that they are protected from vehicle damage.
(c)
Existing trees of desirable species and quality that can be preserved, where grading does not cut them off from a reasonable supply of water and where the area under the canopy remains undisturbed, shall count toward the tree requirements for off-street parking areas on a tree-for-tree basis.
(d)
Sufficient diversity of tree species shall be provided so as to help prevent the spread of detrimental insect infestation and disease.
(5)
Interior landscaping requirements for off-street parking areas serving 20 or more vehicles.
(a)
The intent of this section is to require landscaping within vehicular use areas; therefore, landscaping screens, planting strips and landscaping surrounding buildings shall not be considered as interior landscaping, although trees in those areas may be counted toward the total in accordance with § 575-63K(4).
(b)
A minimum of 20 square feet of interior landscaping island shall be provided per parking stall.
(c)
The interior landscaping shall be provided within planting islands with a minimum area of 200 square feet, underlain by soil (not base course material), and shall be protected by curbing, wheel stops, bollards, or other protective treatment.
(d)
Off-street parking areas with more than 40 spaces shall have a maximum of 10 contiguous spaces without an island.
(e)
The interior landscaping shall be placed so as to delineate driving lanes, define rows and generally mitigate the visual impact of the parking lot.
(f)
The interior landscaping shall be composed of a combination of hardy trees, shrubs, perennials and groundcover that are able to tolerate winter salt and snow, and are underlain by a layer of decorative mulch and weed barrier where applicable.
(g)
To ensure a diversity of color, texture, and multi-seasonal interest, the total number of proposed plants shall be comprised of a minimum of 25% evergreens, with a maximum of 70%.
(h)
The interior landscaping shall not exceed 30 inches in height at maturity when located within an identified vision triangle.
(i)
Every reasonable effort should be made to create interior landscape islands that function as bioretention systems as per common low-impact development practices and principles.
§ 575-64 Highway access.
A.
No direct private access shall be permitted to the existing or proposed rights-of-way of expressways, nor to any controlled access arterial street without permission of the highway agency that has access control jurisdiction. No direct public or private access shall be permitted to the existing or proposed rights-of-way of the following:
(1)
Freeways, interstate highways, and their interchanges or turning lanes, nor to intersecting or interchanging streets within 1,500 feet of the most remote end of the taper of the turning lanes.
(2)
Arterial streets intersecting another arterial street within 100 feet of the intersection of the right-of-way lines.
B.
Access barriers, such as curbing, fencing, ditching, landscaping, or other topographic barriers, shall be erected to prevent unauthorized vehicular ingress or egress to the above-specified streets or highways.
C.
Temporary access to the above specified rights-of-way may be granted by the Village Board after review and recommendation by the highway agencies having jurisdiction. Such access permit shall be temporary, revocable, and subject to any conditions required and shall be issued for a period not to exceed 12 months.
§ 575-65 Lighting standards.
A.
Exterior lighting plan required. At the time any exterior lighting fixture is installed or substantially modified, whenever a site plan review application is made, and whenever a conditional use permit is requested, an exterior lighting plan shall be submitted to the Village of Fredonia to determine whether the requirements of this section have been met and that adjoining property will not be adversely impacted by the proposed lighting. Single-family and two-family dwellings are exempt from this requirement.
B.
Lighting plan elements. A lighting plan submitted pursuant to this chapter shall have, at a minimum, the following elements:
(1)
A catalog page, cut sheet, or photograph of the lighting fixture, including the mounting method.
(2)
A photometric data test report of the proposed lighting fixture graphically showing the lighting distribution at all angles vertically and horizontally.
(3)
A plot plan, drawn to a recognized scale, indicating the location of the lighting fixture(s) proposed, mounting, and/or installation height in feet, the overall illumination levels (in footcandles) and uniformities on the site, and the illumination levels (in footcandles) at the property boundary lines. This may be accomplished by means of an isolux curve or computer printout projecting the illumination levels.
(4)
A graphic depiction of the lighting fixture lamp (or bulb) concealment and light cutoff angles.
(5)
In addition to the full-size drawings required above, one copy of each such drawing submitted shall also be submitted in 11 inches by 17 inches black and white reduction.
C.
Shielding of outdoor light fixtures. All outdoor lighting fixtures shall be shielded, except incandescent fixtures 150 watts or less and other sources of 70 watts or less. Total cut-off luminaries with angles of less than 90° shall be required for all pole and building security lighting. At the discretion of the Planning Commission, more than the minimal level of shielding may be required.
D.
Illumination levels. All outdoor lighting shall be in accordance with the illumination levels recommended by the Illuminating Engineering Society of North America (IES). In residential districts R-1, R-2 and R-3, the lighting level at any property line shall not exceed one footcandle.
[Amended at time of adoption of Code (see Ch. 1, General Provisions, Art. II)]
E.
Filtering. Metal halide fixtures shall be filtered. Filtering means any outdoor light fixture which has a glass or acrylic enclosure. Quartz glass does not meet this requirement.
F.
Nonconforming light fixtures.
(2)
No outdoor recreational facility, whether public or private, shall be illuminated after 11:00 p.m. except to conclude any recreational or sporting event or other activity conducted, which is in progress prior to 11:00 p.m. at a ballpark, school ball field, outdoor amphitheater, arena or similar facility. Safety and security lighting is exempt from this requirement.
G.
Display lot lighting. Display lot lighting shall be turned off within 30 minutes after closing of the business. Under no circumstances shall the full illumination of the lot be permitted after 11:00 p.m. Any lighting used after 11:00 p.m. shall be used as security lighting.
H.
Architectural lighting. All architectural lighting shall be of 150 watts of or less (incandescent) or 70 watts or less (other types), and be extinguished no later than 11:00 p.m. Any lighting used after 11:00 p.m. shall be used as security lighting. Lights shall have at least 90% of their light falling on the illuminated structure.
I.
Use of mercury vapor lighting fixtures. No new mercury vapor outdoor lighting fixtures shall be installed after the date of this chapter. No replacement equipment or bulbs for mercury vapor lighting fixtures shall be sold or installed in the Village of Fredonia after the date of this chapter.
J.
Exemptions. Outdoor lighting fixtures existing and legally installed prior to the effective date of this chapter are exempt from its provisions, however any replacement of said lighting fixtures must comply with this chapter as set forth above.
K.
Violations and penalty. Any person, firm, entity or corporation violating the provisions of this chapter shall be required to pay a forfeiture per current Village Board adopted schedules for each day the violation continues after being issued a citation.