Hanover Township Lehigh County
City Zoning Code
City Zoning Code
PART 6
OFF-STREET PARKING AND LOADING
§ 27-600. Required Off-Street Parking Space.
Off-street parking spaces shall be provided and satisfactorily maintained in accordance with the following provisions for each building or use which, after the effective date of this Chapter is established, erected, enlarged or altered for use for any of the following purposes in any district; for uses not specifically listed, the requirements for the most similar Use listed shall be followed:
Use | Number of Off-Street Spaces Required |
Use | Number of Off-Street Spaces Required |
A. Rural - Agricultural | - 1 space for each employee |
B. Residential Uses | |
1. Single Family Dwelling Unit | - 2 spaces for each dwelling unit |
2. Apartments | - 1.5 spaces for each apartment plus 1 space for each employee |
3. Mobile Home Parks | - 2 spaces for each dwelling unit |
4. Conversions | - 2 spaces for each dwelling unit |
5. Rooming Houses | - 1 space for each rental unit plus 2 spaces for each resident dwelling unit |
6. Home Occupations | - 2 spaces for each dwelling unit plus 1 space for every 100 S.F. of area used for occupation |
C. Public or Private Recreation | |
1. Private or Membership Clubs or lodges | - 1 space for every 5 members or 4 seats total capacity plus 1 space for each em ployee |
2. Bowling Alleys | - 4 spaces for each lane plus 1 space for every 200 S.F. of eating area plus 1 space for each employee |
3. Theaters, Auditoriums, & Stadi ums | - 1 space for every 3 seats of capacity plus 1 space for each employee (20" bench cap. = 1 seat) |
4. Golf Courses | - 1 space for every 2 persons of capacity on course plus 1 space for each em ployee |
5. Amusement Centers | - 1 space for every 100 S.F. of usable floor area plus 1 space for each em ployee |
6. Skating Rinks | - 1 space for every 50 S.F. of usable skat ing floor area plus 1 space for every 200 S.F. of eating area plus 1 space for each employee |
D. Governmental, Institutional Edu cational & Utility | |
1. Places of Worship | - 1 space for every 4 seats of capacity or 1 space for every 50 S.F. of auditorium plus 1 space for each employee |
2. Public or Private Educational In stitution | - 1 space for each employee plus 1 space for every 2 classrooms plus 1 space for every 8 students over 16 years of age |
3. Public Buildings & Libraries | - 1 space for every 200 S.F. of usable area plus 1 space for each employee |
4. Licensed Convalescent or Nursing Homes | - 1 space for every 4 beds plus 1 space for each staff member plus 1 space for each employee on the largest shift |
5. Cemeteries | - 1 space for each employee plus 1 space for each sales person |
6. Day Care Homes, Centers & Nurs ery Schools | - 1 space for each employee plus 1 space for every two classrooms |
7. Life Care Retirement Facilities | - 1 space for each doctor plus 1 space for every 3 employees on the largest shift plus 1 space for every 2 dwelling units |
8. Hospitals | - 1 space for every 2 beds plus space for each doctor plus space for every 2 em ployees on the largest shift |
E. Retail, Commercial, Business Pro fessional Service | |
1. Vehicle Servicing & Repair [Ord. 535] | - 3 spaces for each service bay plus 1 space for each employee(necessary spaces shall not include access areas to fuel pumps) |
2. Banks & Credit Unions | - 1 space for every 100 S.F. of service area plus 1 space for each employee. |
3. Professional Offices, such as Real Estate, Insurance, Consultants | - 1 space for every 150 S.F. of gross floor area |
4. Retail Sales & Businesses | - 1 space for every 100 S.F. of usable area plus 1 space for every 2 employees |
5. Funeral Homes | - 1 space for every 4 seats of capacity or 1 space for every 50 S.F. of viewing area, plus 1 space for each employee |
6. Medical or Dental Offices, Clinics | - 4 spaces for each practitioner plus 1 space for each employee |
7. Personal Service Businesses, such as Barber Shops, Beauty Parlors, Photo Shops, Appliance Repair | - 1 space for every 100 S.F. of area serv ing customers plus 1 space for every 2 employees. |
8. General Business Offices | - 1 space for every 200 S.F. of gross floor area, except for Intense Office Uses which shall require 1 space for every 150 S.F. of gross floor area. Parking requirement for Intense Office Uses may be calculated separately from parking requirements for the remain der of the building. (Ord. 408) |
9. Restaurants, Taverns | - 1 space for every 3 seats of capacity plus 1 space for every 2 employees |
10. Drive-In Restaurants | - 1 space for every 100 S.F. of take-out service and kitchen area plus 1 space for every 3 seats of capacity plus 1 space for every 2 employees |
11. Self-Service Laundromats | - 1 space for every 4 Washing and drying machines plus 1 space for each em ployee |
12. Neighborhood Convenience Cen ters | - 1 space for every 167 S.F. of retail sales area |
13. Shopping Centers | - 5 spaces for every 1,000 S.F. of gross floor area |
14. Veterinary Offices | - 3 spaces for each practitioner plus 1 space for each employee |
15. Motels & Hotels | - 1 space for each rental unit plus 1 space for each employee on the largest shift. Restaurant facilities of such es tablishment must meet restaurant parking requirements. Banquet hall facilities must have 1 space for every 2 seats of maximum seating capacity. Convention hall facilities must have 1 space for every 33 square feet of area. (Ord. 199) |
F. Industrial Uses | |
1. All Industrial Uses Except Ware housing | - 1 space for every 2 employees on the largest shift plus 1 space for each com pany vehicle plus 1 space for every 5 managers |
2. Warehousing | - 1 space for every 2 employees plus 1 space for each company vehicle plus 1 space for every 5,000 S.F. |
(Ord. 45, Z-§ 600, 5/12/76; as amended by Ord. 199, 12/10/86; by Ord. 408, 4/4/2001, § 2; and by Ord. 535, 12/6/2012, § 2)
§ 27-601. General Regulations Applying to Required Off-Street Parking Facilities.
1. Existing Parking. Structures and uses in existence at the date of adoption of this Chapter shall not be subject to the requirements of this Part so long as the kind or extent of use is not changed, provided that any parking facilities now serving such structures or uses shall not in the future be reduced below such require ments.
2. Change in Requirements. Whenever there is an alteration of structure of a change or extension of a use which increase the parking requirements according to the standards of § 27-600, the total additional parking required for the alteration, change or extension shall be provided in accordance with the requirements of that Section.
3. Conflict with Other Uses. No parking area shall be used for any use that interferes with its availability for the parking need it is required to serve.
4. Continuing Character of Obligation. All required parking facilities shall be provided and maintained so long as the use exists which the facilities were designed to serve. Off-street parking facilities shall not be reduced in total extent after their provision, except when such reduction is in conformity with the requirements of this Part. Reasonable precautions shall be taken by the owner or sponsor of particular uses to assure the availability of required facilities to the employees of other persons whom the facilities are designed to serve. Such facilities shall be designed and used in such a manner as to at no time constitute a nuisance, or a hazard, or unreasonable impediment to traffic.
5. Joint Use. Two or more uses may provide for required parking in a common parking lot if the total space provided is not less than the sum of the spaces required for each use individually. However, the number of spaces required in a common parking facility may be reduced below this total by special exception under Part 14 if it can be demonstrated to the Zoning Hearing Board that the hours or days of peak parking need for the uses are so different that a lower total will provide adequately for all uses served by the facility.
6. Fractional Spaces. Where the computation of required parking space results in a fractional number, only the fraction of one-half more shall be counted as one
7. Location of Parking Space. Required off-street parking areas shall be on the same lot or premises with the principal use served, or, where this requirement cannot be met, within 300 feet of the principal use served within the same district.
8. Maintenance of Parking Areas. For parking areas of 3 or more vehicles, the area not landscaped and so maintained, including driveways, shall be graded, surfaced with asphalt or other suitable hard surface material and drained to the satisfaction of the Township Engineer to the extent to prevent dust, erosion, or excessive water flow across streets or adjoining property. All off-street parking spaces shall be marked as to indicate their location.
9. Parking of Commercial Vehicles. Commercial motor vehicles as defined in Part 2 are not permitted to park in the LU, MR or PR District other than for normal commercial deliveries and services to the residents.
(Ord. 45, Z-§ 601, 5/12/76; as amended by Ord. 408, 4/4/2001, § 3)
§ 27-602. Design Standards.
The design standards specified below shall be required for all off-street parking facilities with a capacity of 3 or more vehicles built after the effective date of this Chapter.
1. Parking lot dimensions shall be no less than those listed in the following table:
Angle of Parking | Parking Width** | Stall Depth*** | Aisle Width | |
One-Way | Two-Way | |||
90 | 9' | 19'* | 12' | 24' |
60 | 9' | 20' | 18' | 22' |
45 | 9' | 20' | 15' | 20' |
30 | 9' | 18' | 12' | 20' |
Parallel | 8' | 21' | 12' | 20' |
* Where parking spaces abut landscaped areas, it shall be permissible to reduce this dimension by 2' to allow for vehicle overhang.
** Narrowest dimension across space.
*** Measured from driveway line to most distant point of space.
(Ord. 169)
2. Parking areas shall be designed so that each motor vehicle may proceed to and from the parking space provided for it without requiring the moving of any other motor vehicle.
3. The width of entrance and exit drives shall be:
A. A minimum of 12 feet for one-way use only.
B. A minimum of 20 feet for two-way use.
C. A maximum of 50 feet at the street line.
4. Except as provided in § 27-513(2) in order to service any property held under single and separate ownership, entrance and exit drives crossing the street lot line shall be limited to two along the frontage of any single street and their center lines shall be placed at least 80 feet apart. On all corner properties, they shall be placed a minimum of 60 feet, measured at the curb line, between the center line of any entrance or exit drive and the street line or the street parallel to said access drive.
5. In no case shall parking areas for 3 or more vehicles be designed to require or encourage cars to back into a public street in order to leave a lot.
6. All parking spaces and access drives shall be separated from any property line by a planting strip which shall be at least 10 feet in depth. (Ord. 212, 5/11/88)
7. Except where entrance and exit drives cross street lines, all parking areas for any purpose other than single family residences shall be physically separated from any public street by a concrete curb and by a planting strip which shall be not less than 10 feet in depth. This 10 foot planting strip shall be parallel to the street line and shall be measured from the future right-of-way.
A. Parking areas of more than 30,000 S.F. shall be provided with curbing, planting strips, planters or any combination thereof to delineate main driveways and parking areas.
8. All artificial lighting used to illuminate any parking space or spaces shall be so arranged that no direct rays from such lighting shall fall upon any neighboring property.
9. In all single family attached and apartment areas, the following additional requirements shall apply:
A. Parking areas shall be arranged to prevent through traffic to other parking areas.
B. Parking areas shall be separated from adjacent structures, access roads and traffic arteries, with hedges, dense planting, earth berms, changes in grade or decorative walls. All parking areas shall be a minimum of 20 feet from all structures, access roads and traffic arterials.
(Ord. 45, Z-§ 602(9)(B), 5/12/76; as amended by Ord. 169, 1/9/85; and by Ord. 212, 5/11/88)
§ 27-603. Off-Street Loading.
Off-street loading requirements as specified below shall be provided on any lot on which a building exceeding 8,000 square feet of gross floor area for business or industry is hereafter erected.
1. Every building or structure, lot or land hereafter put to a business or industrial use or existing building or structure enlarged shall provide one off-street truck loading space for the first 10,000 square feet or less of gross floor area, plus a minimum of one additional off-street truck loading area for each additional 40,000 square feet of gross floor area.
(Ord. 45, Z-§ 603, 5/12/76)
§ 27-604. Design and Layout of Off-Street Loading Facilities.
1. Off-street loading facilities shall be designed to conform to the following specifications:
A. Each required space shall be no less than 12 feet in width, 30 feet in length and 14 feet in height, exclusive of drives and maneuvering space and located entirely on the lot being served.
B. There shall be appropriate means of access to a street or alley as well as adequate maneuvering space.
C. The maximum width of driveways and sidewalk openings measured at the street lot line shall be 35 feet and the minimum width shall be 20 feet.
D. Such facilities shall be designed and used in such a manner as to at no time constitute a nuisance, or a hazard or unreasonable impediment to traffic.
(Ord. 45, Z4604, 5/12/76; as amended by Ord. 135, § 2, 3/15/83)