Off-street parking requirements shall be met as stated herein for all new buildings and structures and all existing building types included herein which are hereafter enlarged, altered and/or changed in use. For the purpose of implementation of this section, "well-defined" shall mean the appropriate use of surface materials for vehicle use that clearly establishes and delineates the limits of parking areas and avoids off-site drainage conditions. Exemptions and modifications may apply as stated within this section, in accordance with the following requirements:

(1)

Definition of a "parking space:" The area required for accommodating one (1) automobile or other motorized vehicle on private property, which shall be a minimum of nine (9) feet in width and eighteen (18) feet in length, not including passageways. Twenty-five (25) percent of the total parking provided may be designated for compact automobiles. Compact spaces shall be a minimum of eight feet by seventeen feet (8' × 17') for regular spaces and eight feet by twenty feet (8' × 20') for parallel spaces and that all such compact car spaces be clearly marked, using vertical signage, with the wording "Compact Cars Only."

(2)

Where a creation of a paved or graveled parking lot may cause stormwater runoff due to grade conditions, review and approval by the city engineer's office is necessary before the improvement is to be made.

(3)

In addition to the number of parking spaces required for new uses under this section, a change in use from existing single-family dwellings to permitted multifamily housing units or other tenant housing facilities shall meet the following requirements:

a.

Off-street parking spaces shall not be located within the established front yard area between the front property line and the building itself.

b.

All areas on-site which comprise the off-street parking plan shall be visually defined by appropriate use of surface materials for vehicular uses which shall be duly maintained.

(4)

In addition to the number of parking spaces required by use under this section, nonresidential uses permitted in residential districts shall meet the following requirements.

a.

Nonresidential parking spaces shall be designated so as to provide continuous visual separation of at least five (5) feet in width between parking and adjoining residential property, where applicable, by means of landscaping, fencing or ground cover. In addition, all areas between building setbacks and public street frontage shall be restricted to fifty (50) percent development for parking area.

b.

All areas on-site which comprise the off-street parking plan shall be visually defined by paved or graveled surfaces which shall be duly maintained.

(5)

For all uses other than single-family and duplex, on-site parking shall not depend on the public right-of-way, other than alleys or transient easements, in order to maneuver into or out of parking spaces, and the moving of any vehicle on site in order to maneuver another vehicle on site shall not meet the intent of this section, except quadraplexes and townhouses which have an attached two-car garage and an adjacent driveway. Said garage and driveway shall constitute three (3) parking spaces, regardless of whether it is necessary to move a vehicle parked in the driveway in order to maneuver any other vehicle parked in the garage or otherwise. This restrictive covenant of any such quadraplex or townhouse shall prohibit the conversion of the garage to either living or storage space.

(6)

All means of ingress and egress for parking on lots fronting on more than one (1) public street shall be located at least twenty-five (25) feet from the intersection of property lines (rights-of-way) of such streets.

(7)

[See table below.]

(8)

Boarding, rooming, fraternity or sorority houses: One (1) parking space per bed occupancy as approved by an occupancy permit. Parking spaces shall not be located between the front building facade and property lines fronting public streets.

(9)

Hotels, motels and similar transient housing: One (1) parking space for each sleeping room or suite plus one (1) parking space for each four-seat capacity of dining and/or assembly spaces. In addition, one (1) parking space per employee.

(10)

Hospitals, similar care facilities (other than nursing homes): Two (2) parking spaces for each four (4) beds of the maximum capacity plus one (1) parking space for each attending physician. In addition, one (1) parking space per employee.

(11)

Churches, funeral homes, auditoriums, theaters and similar uses of public assembly (excepting schools): One (1) parking space for each ten (10) fixed seats in the assembly use of the largest capacity ten (10) percent, or two (2) spaces for each ten (10) portable seats in the assembly use for the largest capacity twenty (20) percent. When assembly uses may borrow parking from other public or private parking facilities in close proximity, the planning commission, upon comprehensive site plan review, may modify these requirements.

(12)

Elementary schools, junior or senior high schools, or equivalent facilities: Proposed off-street parking spaces shall be programmed by the applicable school authorities as necessary to meet state standards for use and consideration of site locations, then submitted to the planning commission for comprehensive site plan review.

(13)

Private clubs and recreational facilities, civic and religious organizations not considered public assembly: One (1) parking space for every ten (10) members ten (10) percent; on the same ratio of parking to persons permitted to use the facilities.

(14)

Community centers, libraries, museums and similar facilities not dependent on public assembly or seating: One (1) parking space for each two hundred and fifty (250) square feet of gross floor area.

(15)

Restaurants, cafes, taverns or similar eating and/or drinking facilities: One (1) parking space for each one hundred (100) square feet of gross floor area.

(16)

Business or professional offices, veterinarian, medical or dental clinics, banks and similar establishments: A minimum of three (3) spaces or one (1) space for each three hundred (300) square feet of gross floor area or fraction thereof, whichever is greater.

(17)

Retail stores, sales rooms and similar mercantile establishments, and tobacco, smoke, or vape shops (applicable where no other specific retail standard is set forth): If ten thousand (10,000) square feet or less of gross floor area, one (1) parking space for each two hundred (200) square feet of gross floor area; if over ten thousand (10,000) square feet of gross floor area, one (1) parking space for each two hundred and fifty (250) square feet of gross floor area.

(18)

Manufacturing and industrial plants, research and wholesale stores, testing laboratories, assembly plants, warehouses or similar facilities: One (1) parking space for each two (2) persons working on the premises on a maximum shift, plus parking space for every truck or other vehicle used in connection therewith.

(19)

Dwelling, multifamily or institutional where at least ninety (90) percent of the units are to be occupied by persons sixty (60) years or more of age (other than nursing homes or hospitals): One (1) parking space for each independent living unit plus sufficient parking spaces for employees. For assisted living units, one (1) parking space for every two (2) living units plus one (1) parking space for each employee.

(20)

Institutional residential facilities (other than those with ninety (90) percent occupancy by persons sixty (60) years or more of age or fraternities or sororities): One (1) space for every three (3) beds of the maximum occupancy plus one (1) parking space for each employee.

(21)

College or university academic building: one (1) space for every four (4) classroom seats based on maximum capacity plus one (1) space per employee.

(22)

Nursing homes: One (1) parking space per every four (4) beds of the maximum capacity plus one (1) parking space for each employee.

(23)

For all residential uses, other than single-family residential structures, all off-street parking spaces and drives shall be constructed of an all-weather stabilized, dust free surface which is clearly defined from adjoining on-site improvements. Should the parking lot surface not be installed during other phases of on-site development, then installation of the parking or driveway surface shall be assured through the posting of a performance bond with surety, cash escrow, irrevocable letter of credit or combination thereof.

(24)

Auto repair and service establishment: Two (2) parking spaces per service bay plus one (1) space for every two hundred (200) square feet of retail floor area; service bay is not a parking space.

(25)

Animal kennel/groomer: One (1) space for every employee on the maximum shift, plus one (1) space for each vehicle operated by the business, plus one (1) space for every five hundred (500) square feet of internal gross floor area.

(26)

Junk yard: One (1) parking space per employee on the maximum shift plus one (1) parking space for every truck or other vehicle used in connection therewith and one (1) parking space per two hundred (200) square feet of gross floor area.

(27)

Retail of furniture and/or appliances: Two (2) parking spaces, plus one (1) parking space per each one thousand (1,000) square feet of gross floor area of the establishment.

(28)

Short-term rentals shall provide one (1) parking space for each guest room or accommodation space, or as may be more or less restrictive as conditioned by a special use permit. Homestays have no off-street parking requirements.

(29)

Community buildings: If associated with housing developments, where the use of such space is primarily used for the residents of the housing development, or if the building is no greater than four thousand (4,000) square feet of gross floor area, then no minimum off-street parking requirements. If the building is not associated with a housing development and is greater than four thousand (4,000) square feet of gross floor area, then one (1) parking space for each two hundred fifty (250) square feet of gross floor area.

(Ord. of 4-23-96; Ord. of 3-25-97; Ord. of 6-22-99; Ord. of 9-21-99; Ord. of 8-23-05; Ord. of 4-27-10(5); Ord. of 4-27-11; Ord. of 4-24-12(4); Ord. of 8-26-14(2); Ord. of 8-22-17(2); Ord. of 11-27-18(3); Ord. of 3-26-19(1); Ord. of 6-25-19(1); Ord. of 6-25-19(4); Ord. of 9-8-20(2); Ord. of 2-22-22; Ord. of 3-22-22(2); Ord. of 6-25-24(1))

This section is applicable to all uses other than single-family detached and duplex dwelling units. Reference the Design and Construction Standards Manual Bicycle Parking Detail drawings 2.6.10 for visual aids of the applied regulations.

(1)

Location requirements:

a.

Bicycle parking shall be located in a highly visible area within fifty (50) feet of a main entrance. For shopping centers, a single entrance may be used to satisfy this requirement.

b.

Bicycle parking shall be on a dust-free surface with a slope no greater than three (3) percent. Surfaces shall not be gravel, landscape stone, or wood chips.

c.

Bicycle parking spaces shall be a minimum of one (1) foot from vehicular parking, vehicular travelways, and all vertical surfaces such as, but not limited to, walls, fences, and curbs.

d.

Bicycle racks shall be placed such that each bicycle parking space is accessible without moving another bicycle, and its placement shall not result in a bicycle obstructing a walkway or drive aisle.

e.

Bicycle parking shall neither encroach on accessible paths nor interfere with the adequate sight distance standards as specified within the Design and Construction Standards Manual.

(2)

Spatial and structural requirements:

a.

Bicycle parking spaces shall be a minimum of two (2) feet by six (6) feet and accommodated by a bicycle rack.

b.

Bicycle racks shall be spaced a minimum of four (4) feet apart and accommodate cable locks and "U" locks, permit the locking of a bicycle frame and one (1) wheel to the rack, and support a bicycle in a stable position.

(3)

Bicycle parking space requirements by use:

(4)

Nonconforming bicycle parking: Any enlargement of a parking lot on any property shall cause bicycle parking requirements to be met for the entire parcel. Repaving, regraveling, redesigning, or restriping a parking lot or increasing the number of parking spaces without increasing the net square footage of a parking lot does not constitute an enlargement.

(Ord. of 8-22-17(2); Ord. of 3-22-22(1); Ord. of 6-25-24(1))

(a)

All vehicle parking spaces required herein shall be located on the same lot with the building or use served or on adjoining lots located on property zoned where such parking is permitted. A common or cooperative location shall be in the ownership of all of the participating property owners, or shall have easement and maintenance agreements between the participating property owners for a period of at least ten (10) years following the date of city approval and shall provide the minimum sum of required parking spaces for all uses. When assembly uses propose borrowing parking from other public or private parking facilities which are properly zoned and in reasonable proximity, the planning commission, upon site plan review, may modify the number of on-site parking spaces.

(1)

Notwithstanding the requirements set forth above:

a.

Industrial operations for the manufacturing, processing, storage, or treatment of products which are not customarily found in retail centers as permitted by the M-1, General Industrial District may also locate required parking on parcels that are not on the same or adjoining parcels from the uses served. Such parcels shall be zoned B-2, General Business District or M-1, General Industrial District, located in reasonable proximity to the property in which the parking serves, and may be located across public streets and/or alleys. A common or cooperative location shall be in the ownership of all of the participating property owners or shall have easement and maintenance agreements between the participating property owners for a period of at least ten (10) years following the date of city approval.

b.

Charitable or benevolent institutional uses may also locate required parking on parcels that are not on the same or adjoining parcels from the uses served. Such parcels shall be zoned where such parking is permitted and shall be located directly across local public and private streets and/or alleys (as depicted on the Comprehensive Plan's Street Network Map) from one another. A common or cooperative location shall be in the ownership of all of the participating property owners or shall have easement and maintenance agreements between the participating property owners for a period of at least ten (10) years following the date of city approval.

c.

Business and professional office uses located on any parcel within the area bounded by Gay Street to the north, Mason Street to the east, Martin Luther King Jr. Way to the south, and High Street to the west may also locate required parking on parcels that are not on the same or adjoining parcels from the uses served. Such parcels shall be zoned where such parking is permitted, may be located across public or private streets and/or alleys, and shall be no more than one-quarter (¼) mile from the use served. A common or cooperative location shall be in the ownership of all of the participating property owners or shall have easement and maintenance agreements between the participating property owners for a period of at least ten (10) years following the date of city approval.

(b)

Reductions in minimum required vehicle parking spaces for two (2) or more uses may be approved by the zoning administrator, at the request of the applicant, where a shared parking calculation and agreement, if applicable, shall be submitted to and approved by the zoning administrator. Such agreements shall be binding on the current and future property owners as long as the permitted uses remain substantially the same. Reductions shall be in accordance with the following calculation provided by the applicant:

(1)

The total number of parking spaces required for each land use is determined in accordance with section 10-3-25.

(2)

Using the table below, determine the number of spaces needed by each use for each of the four (4) time periods by multiplying the parking required for each use by the corresponding percentage of use for that time period.

(3)

Calculate the total number of spaces needed for all uses for each time period.

(4)

The time period with the highest number of parking spaces required for the sum of all uses shall be the number of parking spaces required.

(Ord. of 4-23-96; Ord. of 9-21-99; Ord. of 3-13-12(11); Ord. of 5-22-12; Ord. of 1-22-13; Ord. of 11-24-15(2); Ord. of 8-22-17(2))

_____

The required space for any number of separate uses may be combined in one (1) lot. At the time of site plan review when the total occupancy cannot be determined by use, the primary use or intent will be the basis for determining off-street parking requirement.

(Ord. of 4-23-96)

In computing the number of parking spaces required, the following rules shall govern:

(1)

Where fractional results occur, the parking spaces required shall be construed to the next whole number.

(2)

Whenever a building or use is changed or enlarged in floor area, or otherwise affects the necessary number of parking spaces, such spaces shall be provided on the basis of the enlargement or change in accordance with this section.

(3)

Computations of parking space requirements on an employee basis shall be based on maximum number of employees on duty. Computations of parking space requirements on a person basis shall be based on the occupancy load of the building.

(Ord. of 4-23-96; Ord. of 8-22-17(2))

(a)

All off-street vehicle parking spaces for handicapped persons shall conform with the most recent American Disabilities Act regulations.

(b)

All off-street parking spaces, loading areas, driveways, travelways, parking bays and entrances shall comply with the city design and construction standards manual.

(Ord. of 4-23-96; Ord. of 8-22-17(2))

Every building or structure used for business, trade or industry shall provide appropriate space for the loading and unloading of vehicles on private property and not depend on public streets for the maneuvering of such vehicles. Dependence on alleys or easements for loading/unloading and maneuvering may be permitted; provided, that such use does not obstruct the passage of other vehicles. Such space shall have access to a public alley, or if there is no alley, to a public street.

(Ord. of 4-23-96)

This section is applicable to all uses, and to all parking lots, both required and not required, with the following exceptions:

• Single-family detached and duplex dwelling units, and

• Within the B-1 district, parking lots when six (6) or fewer parking spaces are provided on one parcel.

All properties being developed or redeveloped shall conform to all regulations of this section. Reference the Design and Construction Standards Manual Example Parking Lot Landscaping drawings 2.6.8 Examples A and B for visual aids of the applied regulations.

(1)

Parking lots shall be separated from public street right-of-way lines by a landscaping border not less than ten (10) feet in width.

(2)

Parking lots shall be separated from all side and rear property lines by a landscaping border not less than ten (10) feet in width or by a wall or fence of at least three (3) feet in height, except along adjoining lot lines which lie within a shared parking arrangement or where existing buildings on adjoining lots are located on shared property lines.

(3)

Parking lots shall include well-defined and well-maintained landscaping areas equal to at least fifteen (15) percent of the total area of the parking lot. Uses that have outdoor display areas shall include those areas for determining the required landscaping. Only landscaping within the parking lot and/or within a thirty (30) foot perimeter of the parking lot, exclusive of the required landscaping border adjacent to public street rights-of-way and landscaping immediately adjacent (within five (5) feet) to a principal building/structure, shall be permitted to count towards meeting the fifteen (15) percent requirement.

a.

Parking garage exception. All parking garages, except those constructed within the B-1, Central Business District, shall calculate the required landscaping area based upon fifteen (15) percent of the total floorplate of the parking garage. Trees shall be planted and maintained on the property adjacent to, and no less than twenty (20) feet from, public street rights-of-way based upon the proportions as specified within subsections 10-3-30.1(4)a., b., c., and/or d., except such proportions shall be calculated using the public street frontage of the parcel. Parking garages, as specified herein, are exempt from the requirements set forth in subsections 10-3-30.1(5), (6), (7), (8), and (9).

(4)

Trees shall be planted and maintained within landscaping borders adjacent to public street rights-of-way according to one (1) of the following:

a.

No less than one (1) large deciduous tree planted for every forty (40) linear feet of parking lot street frontage, or fraction thereof. At the time of planting, tree sizes shall meet the requirements as defined in section 10-3-24, definitions. Tree locations within the border are at the discretion of the property owner/developer.

b.

No less than one (1) small/ornamental deciduous tree, planted for every twenty-five (25) linear feet of parking lot street frontage, or fraction thereof. At the time of planting, tree sizes shall meet the requirements as defined in section 10-3-24, definitions. Tree locations within the border are at the discretion of the property owner/developer.

c.

No less than one (1) evergreen tree may be planted for every twenty-five (25) linear feet of parking lot street frontage, or fraction thereof. Evergreen trees shall not exceed fifty (50) percent of the number trees planted within the border. At the time of planting, trees shall meet the requirements as defined in section 10-3-24. Tree locations within the border are at the discretion of the property owner/developer.

d.

No less than a combination of large and small/ornamental deciduous and/or evergreen trees proportionate to subsections 10-3-30.1(4)a., b., and c. Tree locations within the border are at the discretion of the property owner/developer.

(5)

Each terminus of a parking bay, unless adjacent to a landscaping border, shall have a landscaping island. A single row parking bay shall have an island with a minimum of one hundred forty (140) square feet. A double row parking bay shall have an island with a minimum of two hundred eighty (280) square feet.

(6)

Rows of parking spaces shall be divided at intervals of no more than twelve (12) parking spaces by a landscaping island of no less than one hundred forty (140) square feet.

(7)

Each required landscaping island, as described in subsections 10-3-30.1(5) and (6), shall have and maintain at least one (1) large deciduous tree, one (1) small/ornamental deciduous tree, or one evergreen tree. At the time of planting, tree sizes shall meet the requirements as defined in section 10-3-24, definitions. The planting of evergreen trees shall not exceed fifty (50) percent of the number of trees planted in landscaping islands. In addition, at least three (3) deciduous or evergreen shrubs, at least eighteen (18) inches tall at the time of planting, shall be planted and maintained within each required landscaping island. Landscaping islands that are less than five (5) feet in width are not required to provide large or small/ornamental deciduous trees or deciduous or evergreen shrubs.

(8)

Parking lots shall have landscaping of at least nine (9) feet in width for the entire length of every other interior parking bay, connecting the landscaping islands required above. Trees shall be provided at no less than one (1) large deciduous tree planted for every forty (40) linear feet of island length, or fraction thereof; no less than one (1) small/ornamental deciduous tree, planted for every twenty-five (25) linear feet of island length, or fraction thereof; no less than one (1) evergreen tree planted for every twenty-five (25) linear feet of island length, or fraction thereof; or no less than a combination to the above mentioned proportions. The planting of evergreen trees shall not exceed fifty (50) percent of the number of trees planted in this landscaping area. At the time of planting, tree sizes shall meet the requirements as defined in section 10-3-24, definitions. Tree locations within this landscaping area are at the discretion of the property owner/developer. Parking lots with two (2) or less internal parking bays are exempt from this requirement.

(9)

All areas within the parking lot, not used for parking spaces, travelways, or pedestrian ways, shall be landscaped.

(10)

All landscaping shall be located as to not interfere with the adequate sight distance standards as specified within the Design and Construction Standards Manual.

(11)

All required landscaping is suggested to be of regional species and planted in accordance with the International Society of Arboriculture.

(12)

Vehicle parking and/or the display of goods in landscaping islands and borders is prohibited.

(13)

Owner(s) and their agent(s), heirs, or assigns shall be responsible for the installation, preservation and maintenance of all planting and physical features required to satisfy the conditions of this section. Any dead or missing vegetation shall be replaced (with like or similar vegetation) within one (1) calendar year of the vegetation's death.

(14)

Required planting in easements: Required trees, and other deep rooted vegetation, shall not be planted within public water and/or sewer easements. In particular circumstances where no other area within the required location can accommodate the required planting, such planting may be waived by the zoning administrator. Required planting in public general utility easements shall be coordinated with the department of public utilities.

(15)

Landscaping plan submittal: Landscaping information shall be submitted with a comprehensive site plan and/or, if applicable, with a building permit, with a plan of the property at an appropriate scale to show accordance with this section. The plan shall be appropriately labeled and shall provide the following information:

a.

The calculation of the required landscaping area as specified in subsection 10-3-30.1(3).

b.

The location, size, and schedule of all proposed landscaping with the dimensions of landscaped areas indicated. Plant materials may be indicated in generic terms (i.e. large deciduous tree or small/ornamental deciduous tree, etc.).

c.

Existing healthy trees or wooded areas, where such trees are required, may be preserved in lieu of planting new materials to meet the landscaping requirements. In such case, the landscaping plan shall indicate the trees and areas to be saved.

d.

Verification that landscaping will not impede sight distance.

(16)

Nonconforming landscaping: An existing building/use that has parking lot landscaping that is nonconforming as to the minimum landscaping requirements of this section may be enlarged; however, parking lot landscaping requirements shall apply to all enlarged portions of existing parking lots, including parking lots in the B-1 district that are enlarged beyond the exemption threshold noted in the opening paragraph of this section. Any enlargement of a parking lot on any property having an existing landscaping border separating parking spaces from public street right-of-way lines, which is five (5) feet or larger, shall provide trees within the border as required by subsection 10-3-30.1(4). (Note: Repaving, regraveling, redesigning, or restriping a parking lot or increasing the number of parking spaces without increasing the net square footage of a parking lot does not constitute an enlargement.)

(Ord. of 4-24-12(5); Ord. of 5-26-15; Ord. of 9-27-16; Ord. of 9-14-21(3))