Kenansville City Zoning Code
OFF-STREET PARKING
LOADING AND STACKING
§ 152.310 PURPOSE.
It is the purpose of this subchapter to relieve traffic congestion in the streets, to minimize any detrimental effects of off-street parking areas on adjacent lands and to ensure the proper and uniform development of automobile parking areas throughout the town.
(Ord. passed 3-5-2018)
§ 152.311 APPLICABILITY.
These regulations shall apply to all land development activities within the town with the exception of those activities specifically exempted by § 152.312 of this chapter.
(Ord. passed 3-5-2018)
§ 152.312 EXEMPTIONS.
These regulations shall not apply to land development activities within the Central Business (CB) District.
(Ord. passed 3-5-2018)
§ 152.313 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR OFF-STREET PARKING, LOADING AND STACKING AREAS.
(A) Use of parking area, stacking area or loading space. All vehicular parking areas, stacking areas and loading spaces required by this subchapter shall be used only for those purposes. Any other use, including, but not limited to, vehicular storage, vehicle sales, vehicular repair work, vehicle service or display of any kind, shall constitute a separate use of the space.
(B) Identified as to purpose and location when not clearly evident. Off-street parking areas of three or more spaces and off-street loading areas shall include painted lines, wheel stops or other methods of identifying individual parking spaces and loading areas and distinguishing such spaces from aisles.
(C) Surfacing. All off-street parking loading and stacking areas shall be surfaced with asphalt, concrete, brick, stone, pavers or an equivalent material, except as provided for in division (D) below. These materials shall be maintained in a smooth, well-graded condition.
(D) Limitations on impervious surface.
(1) Where an off street parking area containing 50 or more vehicle parking spaces is constructed or enlarged, no more than 80% of the parking area may be surfaced with impervious material.
(2) At a minimum, 20% of the designated off-street parking area shall be paved with pervious paving materials. Materials used for these areas may include permeable concrete, permeable asphalt, open jointed blocks, permeable pavers or other materials designed to allow the maximum infiltration of water.
(3) Regular maintenance of these pervious areas is required to ensure that they continue to function properly after their installation.
(E) Arrangement.
(1) All off-street parking and loading areas shall be arranged for convenient access and safety of pedestrians and vehicles.
(2) Except for detached residential uses, off-street parking areas with three or more spaces shall be arranged so that no parking or maneuvering incidental to parking shall be on a public street or sidewalk, and so that an automobile may be parked and un-parked without moving another automobile.
(3) All off-street parking and loading areas, except on lots used for detached residential uses and townhouses, shall be arranged so that no vehicle shall be required to back from such facilities directly onto public streets.
(F) Curbs and vehicle stops. All off-street parking and loading areas shall provide curbs, wheel stops or similar devices so as to prevent vehicles from overhanging on or into public right-of-way, sidewalks, walkways, adjacent land or landscape areas.
(G) Maintenance.
(1) All off-street parking and loading areas shall be maintained in good repair, and in safe condition at all times, so as not to constitute a hazard to public safety or a visual or aesthetic nuisance to surrounding land.
(2) All off-street parking and loading areas shall be periodically re-striped or otherwise restored to maintain a clear identification of separate parking stalls.
(H) Responsibility for provision. The responsibility for providing the off-street parking and loading areas required by this section shall be that of whomever develops the land that requires parking and loading areas.
(I) Construction of off-street parking and loading areas. All off-street parking and loading areas shall be completed prior to the issuance of a certificate of occupancy for the use or uses they serve.
(Ord. passed 3-5-2018)
§ 152.314 OFF-STREET PARKING STANDARDS.
(A) Minimum number of spaces required. Unless otherwise expressly stated in this subchapter, off-street parking spaces shall be provided in accordance with the following table. Unlisted uses shall conform to the requirements of the most similar use.
Minimum Off-Street Parking Standards | |
Uses | Spaces Required |
Minimum Off-Street Parking Standards | |
Uses | Spaces Required |
Accessory Uses | |
Accessory dwelling unit | 1 per unit |
Caretaker dwelling | 1 per unit |
Home occupations (customary) | 2 + required for dwelling unit |
Agricultural Uses | |
Veterinary services (livestock) | 3 per doctor + 1 per other employee |
Commercial Uses | |
Adult entertainment | 1 per employee + 1/100 sq. ft. of gross floor area |
Alcoholic beverage control (ABC) stores | 1 per employee + 1/300 sq. ft. of gross floor area |
Animal shelters | 1 per employee + 1 per 10 kennels |
Auction houses | 1/100 sq. ft. of auction floor area |
Automobile repair and service centers | 1 per employee + 3 per service bay |
Automobile sales, rental and leasing | 1 per employee + 1 per 10 vehicle display spaces |
Automobile supply stores | 1/300 sq. ft. of gross floor area |
Automobile towing and storage | 1 per employee + 1 per 10 vehicle storage spaces |
Banks and credit unions | 1/200 sq. ft. of gross floor area |
Barber shops and salons | 3 per employee |
Bars, nightclubs and similar establishments | 1 per 3 patrons based on design capacity + 1 per employee |
Bed and breakfast inns | 2 + 1 per rental room |
Car washes full service self service | 1 per employee + 10 stacking spaces 2 stacking spaces per bay |
Contractors offices | 3 + 1 per employee |
Convenience stores | 1/200 sq. ft. of gross floor area |
Crematoriums | 3 + 1 per employee |
Drug stores and pharmacies | 1/300 sq. ft. of gross floor area |
Dry cleaners | 1 per employee + 1/300 sq. ft. of gross floor area |
Equipment rental and leasing | 1/500 sq. ft. of gross floor area |
Equipment repair services | 1/500 sq. ft. of gross floor area |
Farm and agricultural supplies, retail | 1/500 sq. ft of gross floor area |
Farm equipment sales and service | 1 per employee + 1 per service bay + 1/1,000 sq. ft. of equipment display area |
Fuel oil sales, retail | 1 per employee + 1/300 sq. ft. of customer service area |
Funeral homes (no crematory services) | 1 per employee + 1 per 4 seats in chapel |
Garden centers and nurseries, retail | 1 per employee + 1/400 sq. ft. of display area |
Gasoline sales, retail | 1 per employee |
General merchandise stores | 1/300 sq. ft. of gross floor area |
Grocery stores | 1/300 sq. ft. of gross floor area |
Hardware and home improvement stores | 1/300 sq. ft. of gross floor area |
Home furnishings stores | 1/500 sq. ft. of gross floor area |
Hotels and motels | 1 per employee on largest shift + 1.25 per room |
Kennels, commercial | 1 per employee + 1 per 10 kennels |
Landscaping services | 1 per employee |
Laundromats | 1 per employee + 1 per 4 washers/dryers |
Manufactured home sales, new | 1 per employee + 1 per 5 home display spaces |
Medical and dental offices and laboratories | 3 per practitioner + 1 per other employee |
Medical treatment centers | 3 per practitioner + 1 per other employee |
Motorcycle sales | 1 per employee + 1 per 10 vehicle display spaces |
Movie theaters | 1 per employee + 1 per 4 seats |
Pawnbrokers | 1/ 300 sq. ft. of gross floor area |
Personal services establishments (not otherwise classified) | 1/300 sq. ft. of gross floor area |
Professional offices (not otherwise classified) | 1/300 sq. ft. of gross floor area |
Recreational vehicle sales | 1 per employee + 1/10 vehicle display spaces |
Restaurants | 1 per employee on largest shift + 1 per 4 seats |
Retail sales (not otherwise classified) | 1 per 300 sq. ft. of gross floor area |
Specialty food and beverage stores | 1 per 250 sq. ft. of gross floor area |
Tire sales, retail (no outside storage) | 1 per employee + 2 per service bay + 1/500 sq. ft. of display area |
Tattoo and body piercing establishment | 2 per practitioner + 1 per other employee |
Vending stations, unmanned | 3 spaces |
Veterinary services (domestic animals) | 3 per doctor + 1 per other employee |
Government, Educational and Institutional Uses | |
Ambulance/EMS stations | 1 per employee on largest shift |
Amphitheaters | 1 per 5 seats |
Assisted living/nursing facilities | 1 per employee on largest shift + per 4 residents |
Auditoriums | 1 per 4 seats |
Churches/religious institutions | 1 per 4 seats in sanctuary |
Civic or fraternal organizations | 1 /200 sq. ft. of gross floor area |
Colleges and universities | 1 per 3 students + 1 per employee |
Conference and event centers | 1 per 5 persons based on design capacity |
Day care centers, adult | 1 per employee + 1 per 10 attendees |
Fire stations | 1 per employee on largest shift |
Government offices | 1 per employee + 1/200 sq. ft. of gross floor area |
Hospitals | 2 per patient bed + 1/300 sq. feet of administrative area |
Libraries | 1 per 450 sq. ft. of gross floor area + 1 per employee |
Museums | 1 per 450 sq. ft. of gross floor area + 1 per employee |
Police stations | 1 per employee on largest shift |
Post offices | 1 per employee + 1/150 sq. ft. of public service area |
School, elementary | 1 per employee + 2 per classroom |
School, middle high | 1 per employee + 2 per classroom |
School, senior high | 1 per employee + 1 per 4 students |
School, trade or vocational | 1 per 3 students + 1 per employee |
Industrial Uses | |
All industrial uses | 1 per employee on largest shift + 1/300 sq. ft. of customer service/display areas |
Recreation Uses | |
Commercial recreation, indoor | 1 per 300 sq. ft. |
Commercial recreation, outdoor | 1 per employee + 1/3 participants/spectators at largest event |
Country club | 1 per employee + 1/300 sq. ft of gross floor area + spaces for accessory uses |
Golf course | 1 per employee + 4 per hole |
Golf driving range | 1 per employee + 2 per tee |
Horse stables/riding academies | 1 per employee + 1 per stall |
Shooting range, indoor | 1 per employee + 1.5 per lane |
Shooting range, outdoor | 1 per employee + 1.5 per position |
Residential Uses | |
Boarding and rooming houses | 2 + 1 per rental unit |
Dwelling, single-family detached | 2 per dwelling unit |
Dwelling, duplex | 2 per dwelling unit |
Dwelling, multi-family | 1 per 10 units + |
0-1 bedroom units | 1.50 per unit |
2 bedroom units | 1.75 per unit |
3+ bedroom units | 2 .00 per unit |
Dwelling, townhouse | 1 per 10 units + |
0-1 bedroom units | 1.50 per unit |
2 bedroom units | 1.75 per unit |
3+ bedroom units | 2.00 per unit |
Dwelling, live/work | 1 per unit +1 per commercial space |
Dwelling, upper story loft | 1 per unit |
Dwelling, manufactured home, Class A | 2 per dwelling unit |
Family care home | 2 + 1 per 3 residents |
Group care facility | 1 per employee + 1 per 3 residents |
Manufactured home park | 2 per dwelling unit |
Temporary Uses | |
Flea markets and swap meets | 4 per booth |
Seasonal sales (Christmas trees, pumpkins and the like) | 1 per employee + 1/300 sq. ft. of display area |
Transportation, Warehousing and Utility Uses | |
Bulk mail or parcel handling facilities | 1 per employee on largest shift |
Self storage facilities | 1 per employee + 1 per 10 rental units |
Truck and freight terminals | 1 per employee on largest shift |
Warehouses and distribution centers | 1 per employee on largest shift |
Wholesale Uses | |
All wholesale uses | 1 per employee on largest shift + 1/300 sq. ft. of customer service/display areas |
(B) Maximum number of spaces permitted. Where off-street parking spaces in excess of 125% of the minimum are provided, all excess parking areas must be paved with pervious paving materials. In no case shall parking in excess of 150% of the minimum number required be allowed.
(C) Minimum separation. Except in the Central Business (CB) District, all parking areas shall be separated at least ten feet from buildings in order to allow room for sidewalks, landscaping and other plantings between the building and the parking area. This separation may be eliminated in the rear of buildings in areas designed for loading and unloading materials.
(D) Cross-access required.
(1) General. All development except detached residential and attached residential development with less than four dwelling units shall be designed to allow for cross-access to adjacent compatible sites in accordance with the following standards.
(a) Limited to two parcels. Cross-access ways shall be designed and located based on the standards of this section, but in no case shall a development be required to provide cross-access to more than two adjacent parcels.
(b) Future stubs required. A stub for future cross-access shall be provided to all adjacent vacant land designated as GC or OI; and
(c) Placement and width. Cross-access ways shall be located and configured in a manner to provide the most convenient access between adjacent parcels. No part of a cross-access way shall be located within a street right-of-way. The minimum width of the cross-access way shall be 22 feet.
(2) Waiver.
(a) The Zoning Administrator shall waive the cross-access standard if the applicant demonstrates it is impractical to provide cross-access due to:
1. Topography or natural features;
2. The size and configuration of the site;
3. Vehicular safety factors;
4. The presence of incompatible uses; or
5. Existing development patterns on adjacent developed sites that make cross-access impossible.
(b) When cross-access is waived in accordance with this section, pedestrian connections shall be provided between adjacent developments or uses, to the maximum extent practicable.
(3) Recording required. Where provided, cross-access easements must be recorded by the owner/developer of the property prior to the issuance of a certificate of occupancy.
(E) Dimensional standards for parking spaces and drive aisles. The minimum dimensions for standard car parking spaces and parking lot aisles shall comply with the table above:
Dimensional Standards for Parking Spaces and Aisles | |||
Stall Type | Stall Width (feet) | Stall Depth (feet) | Minimum Aisle Width for Two Way Traffic
1 |
Parallel | 8 | 25 | 22 |
45 degrees | 8.5 | 18 | 24 |
90 degrees | 9 | 19 | 24 |
NOTES TO TABLE: 1 The aisle width may be reduced by one-half for one-way traffic. | |||
(F) Accessible parking for disabled persons. Off-street parking for disabled persons shall be provided in accordance with Federal ADA (Americans with Disabilities Act) standards.
(Ord. passed 3-5-2018)
§ 152.315 LOADING AREA STANDARDS.
(A) Minimum number of spaces required. Unless otherwise expressly stated in this subchapter, loading areas shall be provided in accordance with the following table:
Loading Area Standards | ||
Use Type | Gross Floor Area (sq. ft.) | Minimum Number of Spaces |
Loading Area Standards | ||
Use Type | Gross Floor Area (sq. ft.) | Minimum Number of Spaces |
Industrial uses | Up to 15,0000 | 1 |
15,000 - 49,999 | 2 | |
50,000 - 124,999 | 3 | |
125,000 - 249,999 | 4 | |
250,000 or more | 5 +1 per every additional 125,000 sq. ft. | |
Offices | 10,000 or more | 1 |
Retail sales and service | 3,000 - 14,999 | 1 |
15,000 - 49,999 | 2 | |
50,000 - 99,999 | 3 | |
100,000 or more | 4 + 1 per every additional 100,000 sq. ft. | |
Wholesale and warehousing (except self storage) | Up to 15,000 | 1 |
15,000 - 49,999 | 2 | |
50,000 or more | 3 + 1 per every additional 50,000 sq. ft. | |
(B) Design standards.
(1) Minimum dimensions.
(a) Each loading berth or space required by this subsection shall be at least ten feet wide by 50 feet long (or deep), with at least 15 feet of overhead clearance. Each off-street loading space shall have adequate, unobstructed paths for the ingress and egress of vehicles.
(b) Uses with between 2,000 and 5,000 square feet of floor area that are required to provide an off-street loading space may provide a space which is ten feet wide by 30 feet long (deep), with at least 15 feet of overhead clearance.
(2) Location. Where possible, loading areas shall be located to the rear of the use they serve. In addition, the loading area shall be located adjacent to the buildings loading doors, in an area that promotes their practical use.
(3) Delineation of loading spaces. All loading spaces shall be delineated by signage, striping and labeling of the pavement.
(4) Access to a street. Every loading area shall be provided with safe and convenient access to a street, but in no case shall the loading space extend into the required aisle of the parking lot.
(5) Paving. The ground surface of loading areas shall be paved with a durable, dust free and hard material, such as surface and seal treatment, bituminous hot mix or portland cement, concrete or some comparable material. Such paving shall be maintained for safe and convenient use at all times.
(Ord. passed 3-5-2018)
§ 152.316 STACKING SPACE STANDARDS.
(A) Minimum number of spaces required. In addition to meeting the off-street parking standards in the table in § 152.314 of this chapter, uses with drive-through facilities or similar auto-orientation shall comply with the minimum stacking space standards in the table below:
Required Stacking/Standing Spaces | ||
Type of Use/Activity | Minimum Stacking Spaces | Measured From |
Required Stacking/Standing Spaces | ||
Type of Use/Activity | Minimum Stacking Spaces | Measured From |
Automated teller machine | 3 | Teller machine |
Automobile repair and service | 3 per service bay | Bay entrance |
Car wash (automatic) | 3 | Bay entrance |
Car wash (full service) | 10 | Bay entrance |
Day care center | 6 | Building entrance |
Financial institution | 5 per lane | Teller window |
Gasoline sales | 30 feet from each end of the outermost island | |
Nursing home | 3 | Building entrance |
Restaurant drive-through | 8 | Pick-up window |
Retail sales and service (drug store, dry cleaning and the like) | 5 per lane | Agent window |
Unlisted uses | Determined by the Ordinance Administrator based on the size and type of use | |
(B) Dimensional standards. Stacking spaces shall be a minimum of 12 feet wide and 20 feet deep.
(Ord. passed 3-5-2018)
§ 152.317 PEDESTRIAN AND BICYCLE FACILITIES.
(A) Pedestrian circulation. Off-street parking lots of 25 or more spaces shall include pedestrian corridors through parking areas and sidewalks along building facades to accommodate safe pedestrian travel. Pedestrian corridors shall be demarcated by painting, material changes or differing heights where they cross-vehicular travel ways.
(B) Pedestrian pathways through lots. Off-street parking lots containing 150 or more spaces shall provide fully separated pedestrian pathways within the parking lot. These pathways shall:
(1) Be located within planted landscaping strips located a minimum of every 130 feet or every four parking rows;
(2) Be paved with asphalt, cement or other comparable material;
(3) Be of contrasting color or materials when crossing drive aisles;
(4) Be at least three feet in width when located within planting strips and ten feet in width when crossing drive aisles;
(5) Terminate at drive aisle edges;
(6) Be positively drained; and
(7) Provide safe and efficient pedestrian access to the use they serve.
(C) Bicycle parking. All development with parking areas with 50 or more spaces shall provide bicycle parking facilities, which shall comply with the following standards.
(1) Bicycle parking spaces shall be conveniently located, but in no case shall such facilities be located farther than 100 linear feet from the primary building entrance.
(2) Bicycle parking spaces shall be provided at the rate of one space per ten off-street parking spaces, with a maximum requirement of ten bicycle spaces.
(3) Bicycle facilities shall include a rack or other device to enable bicycles to be secured.
(Ord. passed 3-5-2018)