For the purposes of this chapter, unless the context clearly indicates a different meaning, the following terms shall have the meanings indicated:
ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICER
The Clerk of the municipality unless a different municipal official or officials are designated by ordinance or statute.
APPLICANT
A developer submitting an application for development.
APPLICATION FOR DEVELOPMENT
The application form and all accompanying documents required by ordinance for approval of a subdivision plat, site plan, planned development, conditional use, zoning variance or direction for the issuance of a permit pursuant to Article VI of this chapter.
APPROVING AUTHORITY
The Planning Board of the municipality unless a different agency is designated by ordinance when acting pursuant to the authority of this chapter.
BOARD OF ADJUSTMENT
The Board established pursuant to Article VIII of this chapter.
BUILDING
A combination of materials to form a construction adapted to permanent, temporary or continuous occupancy and having a roof.
CAPITAL IMPROVEMENT
A governmental acquisition of real property or major construction project.
CIRCULATION
Systems, structures and physical improvements for the movement of people, goods, water, air, sewage or power by such means as streets, highways, railways, waterways, towers, airways, pipes and conduits, and the handling of people and goods by such means as terminals, stations, warehouses and other storage buildings or transshipment points.
COMMON OPEN SPACE
An open space area within or related to a site designated as a development, and designed and intended for the use or enjoyment of residents and owners of the development. "Common open space" may contain such complementary structures and improvements as are necessary and appropriate for the use or enjoyment of residents and owners of the development.
CONDITIONAL USE
A use permitted in a particular zoning district only upon a showing that such use in a specified location will comply with the conditions and standards for the location or operation of such use as contained in the Zoning Ordinance and upon the issuance of an authorization therefor by the Planning Board.
CONVENTIONAL
Development other than planned development.
COUNTY MASTER PLAN
A composite of the Master Plan for the physical development of the county in which the municipality is located, with the accompanying maps, plats, charts and descriptive and explanatory matter adopted by the County Planning Board pursuant to N.J.S.A. 40:27-2 and 40:27-4.
COUNTY PLANNING BOARD
The Planning Board of the county in which the land or development is located.
DEVELOPER
The legal or beneficial owner or owners of a lot or of any land proposed to be included in a proposed development, including the holder of an option or contract to purchase or other person having an enforceable proprietary interest in such land.
DEVELOPMENT
The division of a parcel of land into two or more parcels, or the construction, reconstruction, conversion, structural alteration, relocation or enlargement of any building or other structure or of any mining, excavation or landfill, and any use or change in the use of any building or other structure or land or extension of use of land, for which permission may be required pursuant to this chapter.
DEVELOPMENT REGULATION
A zoning ordinance, subdivision ordinance, site plan ordinance, official map ordinance or other municipal regulation of the use and development of land, or amendment thereto adopted and filed pursuant to this Act.
DIVISION
The Division of State and Regional Planning in the Department of Community Affairs.
DRAINAGE
The removal of surface water or ground water from land by drains, grading or other means, and includes control of runoff to minimize erosion and sedimentation during and after construction or development and means necessary for water supply preservation or prevention or alleviation of flooding.
ENVIRONMENTAL COMMISSION
A municipal advisory body created pursuant to P.L. 1968, c. 245 (N.J.S.A. 40:56A-1 et seq.).
EROSION
The detachment and movement of soil or rock fragments by water, wind, ice and gravity.
FINAL APPROVAL
The official action of the Planning Board taken on a preliminarily approved major subdivision or site plan after all conditions, engineering plans and other requirements have been completed or fulfilled and the required improvements have been installed or guaranties properly posted for their completion, or approval conditioned upon the posting of such guaranties.
GOVERNING BODY
The chief legislative body of the municipality. In municipalities having a Board of Public Works, "governing body" means such Board.
HISTORIC SITE
Any building, structure, area or property that is significant in the history, architecture, archeology or culture of this state, its communities or the nation and has been so designated pursuant to this Act.
INTERESTED PARTY
In the case of a criminal or quasicriminal proceeding, any citizen of the State of New Jersey; and in the case of a civil proceeding in any court or in an administrative proceeding before a municipal agency, any person, whether residing within or without the municipality, whose right to use, acquire or enjoy property is or may be affected by any action taken under this chapter or whose rights to use, acquire or enjoy property under this chapter or under any other law of this state or of the United States have been denied, violated or infringed by an action or failure to act under this chapter.
LAND
Includes improvements and fixtures on, above or below the surface.
LOT
A designated parcel, tract or area of land established by a plat or otherwise as permitted by law and to be used, developed or built upon as a unit.
MAINTENANCE GUARANTY
Any security, other than cash, which may be accepted by a municipality for the maintenance of any improvements required by this chapter.
MAJOR SUBDIVISION
Any subdivision not classified as a minor subdivision.
MASTER PLAN
A composite of one or more written or graphic proposals for the development of the municipality as set forth in and adopted pursuant to Section 19 of this Act.[1]
MAYOR
The chief executive of the municipality, whatever his official designation may be, except that in the case of municipalities governed by Municipal Council and Municipal Manager, the term "Mayor" shall not mean the Municipal Manager but shall mean the Mayor of such municipality.
MINOR SUBDIVISION
A subdivision of land that does not involve the creation of more than the maximum number of lots specifically permitted by ordinance as a minor subdivision; planned development; any new street; or extension of any off-tract improvement.
MUNICIPAL AGENCY
A municipal planning board or board of adjustment, or a governing body of a municipality when acting pursuant to this chapter, and any agency which is created by or responsible to one or more municipalities when such agency is acting pursuant to this chapter.
MUNICIPALITY
Any city, borough, town, township or village.
NONCONFORMING LOT
A lot, the area, dimension or location of which was lawful prior to the adoption, revision or amendment of a zoning ordinance but which fails to conform to the requirements of the zoning district in which it is located by reason of such adoption, revision or amendment.
NONCONFORMING STRUCTURE
A structure, the size, dimension or location of which was lawful prior to the adoption, revision or amendment of a zoning ordinance but which fails to conform to the requirements of the zoning district in which it is located by reason of such adoption, revision or amendment.
OFF-SITE
Located outside the lot lines of the lot in question but within the property (of which the lot is a part) which is the subject of a development application or contiguous portion of a street or right-of-way.
OFF-TRACT
Not located on the property which is the subject of a development application nor on a contiguous portion of a street or right-of-way.
OFFICIAL COUNTY MAP
The map, with changes and additions thereto, adopted and established from time to time by resolution of the Board of Chosen Freeholders of the county pursuant to N.J.S.A. 40:27-5.
OFFICIAL MAP
A map adopted by ordinance pursuant to Article 5.[2]
ON-SITE
Located on the lot in question.
ON-TRACT
Located on the property which is the subject of a development application or on a contiguous portion of a street or right-of-way.
OPEN SPACE
Any parcel or area of land or water essentially unimproved and set aside, dedicated, designated or reserved for public or private use or enjoyment or for the use and enjoyment of owners and occupants of land adjoining or neighboring such open space, provided that such areas may be improved with only those buildings, structures, streets and off-street parking and other improvements that are designed to be incidental to the natural openness of the land.
PARTY IMMEDIATELY CONCERNED
For purposes of notice, any applicant for development, the owners of the subject property and all owners of property and government agencies entitled to notice under Article I of this chapter.
PERFORMANCE GUARANTY
Any security which may be accepted by a municipality, including cash, provided that a municipality shall not require more than 10% of the total "performance guaranty" in cash.
PLANNED COMMERCIAL DEVELOPMENT
An area of a minimum contiguous size, as specified by ordinance, to be developed according to a plan as a single entity, containing one or more structures with appurtenant common areas to accommodate commercial or office uses, or both, and any residential and other uses incidental to the predominant use as may be permitted by ordinance.
PLANNED DEVELOPMENT
Includes planned unit development, planned unit residential development, residential cluster, planned commercial development and planned industrial development.
PLANNED INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT
An area of a minimum contiguous size, as specified by ordinance, to be developed according to a plan as a single entity, containing one or more structures with appurtenant common areas to accommodate industrial uses and any other uses incidental to the predominant use as may be permitted by ordinance.
PLANNED UNIT DEVELOPMENT
An area with a specified minimum contiguous acreage of 10 acres or more, to be developed as a single entity according to a plan, containing one or more residential clusters or planned unit residential developments and one or more public, quasipublic, commercial or industrial areas in such ranges of ratios of nonresidential uses to residential uses as shall be specified in the zoning ordinance.
PLANNED UNIT RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT
An area with a specified minimum contiguous acreage of five acres or more, to be developed as a single entity according to a plan, containing one or more residential clusters, which may include appropriate commercial or public or quasi-public uses, all primarily for the benefit of the residential development.
PLANNING BOARD
The Municipal Planning Board established pursuant to § 96-19 of this chapter.
PLAT
A map or maps of a subdivision or site plan.
PRELIMINARY APPROVAL
The conferral of certain rights pursuant to §§ 96-37, 96-44 and 96-47 of this chapter prior to final approval after specific elements of a development plan have been agreed upon by the Planning Board and the applicant.
PRELIMINARY FLOOR PLANS AND ELEVATIONS
Architectural drawings prepared during early and introductory stages of the design of a project, illustrating in a schematic form its scope, scale and relationship to its site and immediate environs.
PUBLIC AREAS
Public parks, playgrounds, trails, paths and other recreational areas; other public open spaces; scenic and historic sites; and sites for schools and other public buildings and structures.
PUBLIC DEVELOPMENT PROPOSAL
A master plan, capital improvement program or other proposal for land development adopted by the appropriate public body, or any amendment thereto.
PUBLIC DRAINAGEWAY
The land reserved or dedicated for the installation of stormwater sewers or drainage ditches, or required along a natural stream or watercourse for preserving the channel and providing for the flow of water to safeguard the public against flood damage, sedimentation and erosion.
PUBLIC OPEN SPACE
An open space area conveyed or otherwise dedicated to a municipality, municipal agency, board of education, state or county agency or other public body for recreational or conservational uses.
QUORUM
The majority of the full authorized membership of a municipal agency.
RESIDENTIAL CLUSTER
An area to be developed as a single entity according to a plan, containing residential housing units which have common or public open space area as an appurtenance.
RESIDENTIAL DENSITY
The number of dwelling units per gross acre of residential land area, including streets, easements and open space portions of a development.
RESUBDIVISION
The further division or relocation of lot lines of any lot or lots within a subdivision previously made and approved or recorded according to law; or the alteration of any streets or the establishment of any new streets within any subdivision previously made and approved or recorded according to law, but not including conveyances so as to combine existing lots by deed or other instrument.
SEDIMENTATION
The deposition of soil that has been transported from its site of origin by water, ice, wind, gravity or other natural means as a product of erosion.
SITE PLAN
A development plan of one or more lots on which is shown: the existing and proposed conditions of the lot, including but not necessarily limited to topography, vegetation, drainage, floodplains, marshes and waterways; the location of all existing and proposed buildings, drives, parking spaces, walkways, means of ingress and egress, drainage facilities, utility services, landscaping, structures and signs, lighting, screening devices; and any other information that may be reasonably required in order to make an informed determination pursuant to an ordinance requiring review and approval of site plans by the Planning Board adopted pursuant to Article 6 of this Act.[3]
STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE
Standards adopted by ordinance pursuant to Section 52d,[4] regulating noise levels, glare, earthborne or sonic vibrations, heat, electronic or atomic radiation, noxious odors, toxic matters, explosive and flammable matters, smoke and airborne particles, waste discharge, screening of unsightly objects or conditions and such other similar matters as may be reasonably required by the municipality or required by applicable federal or state laws or municipal ordinances.
STREET
Any street, avenue, boulevard, road, parkway, viaduct, drive or other way which is an existing state, county or municipal roadway, or which is shown upon a plat heretofore approved pursuant to law, or which is approved by official action as provided by this chapter, or which is shown on a plat duly filed and recorded in the office of the county recording officer prior to the appointment of a Planning Board and the grant to such Board of the power to review plats, and includes the land between the street lines, whether improved or unimproved, and may comprise pavement, shoulders, gutters, curbs, sidewalks, parking areas and other areas within the street lines.
STRUCTURE
A combination of materials to form a construction for occupancy, use or ornamentation, whether installed on, above or below the surface of a parcel of land.
SUBDIVISION
The division of a lot, tract or parcel of land into two or more lots, tracts, parcels or other divisions of land for sale or development. The following shall not be considered "subdivisions" within the meaning of this chapter if no new streets are created: divisions of land found by the Planning Board or Subdivision Committee thereof appointed by the Chairman to be for agricultural purposes where all resulting parcels are five acres or larger in size; divisions of property by testamentary or intestate provisions; divisions of property upon court order; and conveyances so as to combine existing lots by deed or other instrument. The term "subdivision" shall also include the term "resubdivision."
VARIANCE
Permission to depart from the literal requirements of a zoning ordinance pursuant to Sections 47 and 29.2b, 57c and 57d of this Act.[5]
ZONING PERMIT
A document signed by the administrative officer which is required by ordinance as a condition precedent to the commencement of a use or the erection, construction, reconstruction, alteration, conversion or installation of a structure or building and which acknowledges that such use, structure or building complies with the provisions of the municipal zoning ordinance or variance therefrom duly authorized by a municipal agency pursuant to § 96-24 and Article VIII of this chapter.