Manchester City Zoning Code
OFF-STREET PARKING
AND LOADING
§ 151.165 INTENT AND PURPOSE.
The purpose of §§ 151.165 et seq. is to ensure the provision of off-street parking facilities that are sufficient in number, adequately sized, and properly designed to meet the range of parking needs and demands that are associated with land uses now in place in the city or with land uses allowed by this chapter.
(Ord. 239, passed 3-5-2001, § 9.1)
§ 151.166 GENERALLY.
(A) Where required. In all zoning districts, off-street parking facilities for the storage and parking of self-propelled motor vehicles for the use of occupants, employees, and patrons of the buildings hereafter erected, altered, or extended after the effective data of this chapter, shall be provided as herein prescribed. The space shall be maintained and shall not be encroached upon so long as the main building or structure remains, unless an equivalent number of the spaces are provided elsewhere in conformance with this chapter.
(B) Existing off-street parking at effective date this chapter. Off-street parking existing at the effective date of this chapter which serves an existing building or use shall not be reduced in size to less than that required under the terms of this chapter.
(C) Required greenbelt and setbacks. Off-street parking, including maneuvering lanes, shall not be located within the required front greenbelt in accordance with § 151.101(F). Off-street parking shall be permitted within the required side or rear yard setbacks, provided a minimum 5-foot setback is maintained between off-street parking and the side and rear lot lines of all adjoining properties.
(D) Parking duration. Except when land is used as storage space in connection with the business of a repair or service garage, a 24-hour time limit for parking in nonresidential off-street parking areas shall prevail, it being the purpose and intention of the foregoing that the requirement of maintaining vehicle storage or parking space is to provide for the public safety in keeping parked cars off the streets, but the requirement is not designed to or intended to provide, and it shall be unlawful to permit, the storage or prolonged parking on any such parking area in any such district wrecked or junked cars, or for creating a junk yard or a nuisance in those areas.
(E) Units and methods of measurement. For the purpose of determining off-street parking requirements, the following units of measurement shall apply.
(1) Floor area. Where floor area is the unit for determining the required number of off-street parking spaces, the unit shall mean the gross floor area, except that floor area's within the principal building used for parking, incidental service and storage, housing of mechanical equipment, heating systems and similar uses need not be included.
(2) Employees. For requirements stated in terms of employees, the calculation shall be based upon the maximum number of employees likely to be on the premises during the largest shift.
(3) Places of assembly. In stadiums, sports arenas, churches, and other places of assembly in which those in attendance occupy benches, pews, or other similar seating facilities, each 24 inches of such shall be counted as 1 seat. In cases where a place of assembly has both fixed seats and open assembly area, requirements shall be computed separately for each type and added together.
(4) Fractional requirements. When units or measurements determining number of required parking spaces result in requirement of a fractional space, any fraction shall require 1 parking space.
(F) Location of parking.
(1) One- and 2-family dwellings. The off-street parking facilities required for 1- and 2-family dwellings shall be located on the same lot or plot of ground as the building they are intended to serve, but shall not be considered a parking lot under the provisions of §§ 151.165 et seq.
(2) Multiple-family residential. The off-street parking facilities for multiple-family dwellings shall be located on the same lot or plot of ground as the dwellings they are intended to serve, and shall consist of a parking lot as set forth in §§ 151.165 et seq. In no event shall any parking space be located nearer than 10 feet to any main building.
(3) Other land uses. The off-street parking facilities required for all other uses shall be located on the lot or within 500 feet of the permitted uses requiring the off-street parking, the distance to be measured along lines of public access to the property between the nearest point of the parking facility to the building to be served.
(4) Restriction on parking on private property. It shall be unlawful for any person, firm, or corporation to park any motor vehicle on any private property without the authorization of the owner or agent of the property.
(Ord. 239, passed 3-5-2001, § 9.2) Penalty, see § 151.999
§ 151.167 OFF-STREET PARKING REQUIREMENTS.
(A) Generally.
(1) The amount of required off-street parking spaces for new uses or buildings, additions thereto, and additions to existing buildings shall be determined in accordance with § 151.168.
(2) Parking requirements listed in § 151.168 shall not include off-street stacking spaces for drive-through facilities set forth in § 151.171.
(B) Similar uses and requirements. When a use is not specifically mentioned, the requirements of off-street parking for a similar use shall apply.
(C) Collective provisions. Nothing in this section shall be construed to prevent collective provisions of off-street parking facilities for 2 or more buildings or uses, provided the facilities collectively shall not be less than the sum of the requirements for the various individual uses computed separately in accordance with § 151.168.
(D) Parking exemption. As of the effective date of this chapter, buildings and uses located within the CBD Central Business District shall be exempt from providing off-street parking. However, in no case should a building or use be expanded to remove off-street parking established before the effective date of this chapter.
(E) Flexibility in application.
(1) The city recognizes that, due to the specific requirements of any given development, inflexible application of the parking standards set forth in § 151.168 may result in development with inadequate parking or parking far in excess of that which is needed. The former situation may lead to traffic congestion or unauthorized parking on adjacent streets or neighboring sites. The latter situation may result in excessive paving and stormwater runoff and a waste of space which could be left as open space.
(2) The City Council, based on a recommendation from the Planning Commission, may permit deviations from the requirements of § 151.168 and may require more or allow less parking whenever it finds that the deviations are more likely to provide a sufficient number of parking spaces to accommodate the specific characteristics of the use in question.
(3) The City Council may attach conditions to the approval of a deviation from the requirement of § 151.168 that bind the approval to the specific use in question. Where a deviation results in a reduction of parking, the City Council may further impose conditions which ensure that adequate reserve area is set aside for future parking, is needed.
(Ord. 239, passed 3-5-2001, § 9.3)
§ 151.168 TABLE OF OFF-STREET PARKING REQUIREMENTS.
The amount of required off-street parking space for new uses or buildings, additions thereto, and additions to existing buildings shall be determined in accordance with the following table.
Use | Required Number of Parking Spaces Per Each Unit of Measure as Follows | ||
Use | Required Number of Parking Spaces Per Each Unit of Measure as Follows | ||
Residential Uses | |||
Single- or 2-family dwelling | 2 | Per each dwelling unit | |
Multiple-family dwelling | 2 | Per each dwelling, plus | |
1 | Per each 10 dwelling units | ||
Senior citizen housing and senior assisted living | 1 | Per each dwelling unit, plus | |
1 | Per each 10 dwelling units | ||
1 | Per each employee | ||
Institutional Uses | |||
Churches | 1 | Per each 3 seats based on maximum seating capacity in the main place of assembly therein | |
Private clubs and lodges | 1 | Per each 3 individual members allowed within the maximum occupancy load as established by fire and/or building codes | |
Hospitals | 1 | Per each 4 beds, plus | |
1 | Per staff doctor, plus | ||
1 | Per each employee at peak shift | ||
Convalescent homes, homes for the aged, children s homes | 1 | Per each 5 beds, plus | |
1 | Per each staff doctor, plus | ||
1 | Per each employee at peak shift
> | ||
Required Number of Parking Spaces Per Each Unit of Measure as Follows | |||
Institutional Uses | |||
High schools, trade schools, colleges, and universities | 1 | Per each teacher, plus | |
1 | Per each 10 students, plus | ||
1 | Per each employee | ||
Elementary and middle schools | 1 | Per each teacher, plus | |
1 | Per each 25 students, plus | ||
1 | Per each employee | ||
Child-care center, or nursery schools | 1 | Per each 5 students, plus | |
1 | Per each employee | ||
Day-care homes | 1 | Per each employee and/or caregiver | |
Stadiums, sports arenas, and auditoriums | 1 | Per each 4 seats based on maximum seating capacity | |
Libraries and museums | 1 | Per each 500 square feet of floor area | |
General Commercial Uses | |||
Retail Stores, except as otherwise | 1 | Per each 100 square feet of floor area specified herein | |
Supermarkets, drugstores, and other self-serve retail establishments | 1 | Per 150 square feet of floor area | |
Convenience stores and video stores | 1 | Per 100 square feet of floor area | |
Planned shopping center | 1 | Per 100 square feet of floor area for the first 15,000 square feet, plus | |
1 | Per 150 square feet of floor area in excess of 15,000 square feet | ||
Furniture, appliances, hardware, household equipment sales | 1 | Per each 400 square feet of floor area, plus | |
General Commercial Uses | |||
Motels and hotels | 1 | Per each guest bedroom, plus | |
1 | Per employee, plus amount required for accessory uses, such as a restaurant or cocktail lounge | ||
Fast-food restaurants | 1 | Per each 125 square feet of floor area, plus | |
1 | Per each employee | ||
Sit-down restaurants | 1 | Per each 3 seats, based on maximum seating capacity, plus | |
1 | Per each employee | ||
Taverns and cocktail lounges | 1 | Per each 3 persons allowed within the (other than fast-food restaurants) maximum occupancy load as established by fire and/or building codes, plus | |
1 | Per each employee | ||
Garden stores, building material sales | 1 | Per each 800 square feet of lot area used for the business provided for herein | |
Movie theaters | 1 | Per each 4 seats based on the maximum seating capacity, plus | |
1 | Per each employee | ||
Wholesale stores, machinery sales, and other similar uses | 1 | Per each 1,000 square feet of floor area, plus | |
Automotive Uses | |||
Auto sales | 1 | Per each 200 square feet of showroom floor area, plus | |
1 | Per each employee, plus | ||
1 | Per each service stall | ||
Automotive repair facilities | 2 | Per each service stall, plus | |
1 | Per each employee, plus | ||
1 | Per each service vehicle | ||
Gasoline stations without convenience store | 1 | Per each pump unit, plus | |
2 | Per each service stall, plus | ||
1 | Per each employee | ||
Gasoline stations with convenience store | 1 | Per each pump unit, plus | |
2 | Per each service stall, plus | ||
1 | Per each employee, plus | ||
1 | Per each 100 square feet of floor area devoted to retail sales and customer service | ||
Car washes (self-serve) | 1 | Per each wash stall, plus | |
1 | Per each vacuum station, plus | ||
1 | Per each employee | ||
Car washes (automatic) | 1 | Per 200 square feet of floor area of customer waiting and service areas, plus | |
1 | Per each vacuum station, plus | ||
1 | Per each employee | ||
Collision or bump shops, and other similar uses | 2 | Per each stall or service area, plus | |
1 | Per each employee | ||
Office and Service Uses | |||
Medical and dental office | 1 | Per each 150 square feet of floor area | |
Business and professional offices | 1 | Per each 200 square feet of floor area | |
Banks | 1 | Per each 200 square feet of floor area | |
Barber and beauty shops | 3 | Per each chair | |
Recreational Uses | |||
Bowling alleys | 4 | Per bowling lane, plus | |
1 | Per employee, plus | ||
Amount required for accessory uses such as a restaurant or cocktail lounge | |||
Private tennis, swim, or golf clubs, or other similar uses | 1 | Per each 2 memberships, plus | |
Amount required for accessory uses such as a restaurant or cocktail lounge | |||
Golf course, open to the general public | 5 | Per each hole, plus | |
1 | Per each employee, plus | ||
Amount required for accessory uses such as a restaurant or cocktail lounge | |||
Industrial Uses | |||
Industrial or manufacturing or establishments | 1 | Per each employee, or | |
1 | Per each 800 square feet of floor area (whichever is greater) | ||
Warehouses and storage buildings | 1 | Per each employee, or | |
1 | Per each 2,000 square feet of floor area (whichever is greater) | ||
Contractors office | 1 | Per each employee | |
(Ord. 239, passed 3-5-2001, § 9.4) Penalty, see § 151.999
§ 151.169 OFF-STREET PARKING LOT DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION.
(A) (1) The construction of any parking lot shall be in accordance with the requirements of the provisions of this chapter and the construction shall be completed and approved by the Zoning Administrator before use of the property as a parking lot and before a certificate of occupancy is issued.
(2) Unless incorporated in a site plan prepared and approved in accordance with § 151.023, plans for the development of any parking lot must be submitted to the Zoning Administrator, prepared at a scale of not less than 50 feet equals 1 inch and indicating existing and proposed grades, drainage, pipe sizes, parking of all dimensions, type of curbing, drive and aisle dimensions, lighting, adjacent main buildings, sidewalks, landscaping, surfacing and base materials to be used and the layout of the proposed parking lot.
(B) (1) All the parking lots, driveways, or loading areas required for uses other than single- or 2-family residential shall be hard-surfaced with asphalt or concrete pavement, shall be graded and drained so as to dispose of surface water which might accumulate within or upon the area, and shall be completely constructed prior to a certificate of occupancy being issued. Drainage for parking lots shall conform to the standards set forth in § 151.110.
(2) All illumination for all the parking lots shall meet the standards set forth in § 151.107.
(3) Parking lot landscaping and buffering requirements shall meet the standards set forth in § 151.101(E).
(4) Adequate ingress and egress to the parking lot, by means of limited and clearly defined drives, shall be provided for all vehicles.
(5) Where necessary to prevent encroaching upon pedestrian walkway or damaging required landscaping, wheel stops shall be provided. No portion of a parking space and/or maneuvering aisle shall obstruct or encroach upon a public sidewalk.
(6) Plans for the layout of off-street parking facilities shall be in accordance with the following minimum regulations.
Maneuvering Lane Width | ||||
Parking Pattern | 1-Way | 2-Way | Parking Space Width | Parking Space Length |
0° Parallel | 12 feet | 20 feet | 9 feet | 25 feet |
30° - 53° | 12 feet | 20 feet | 9 feet | 20 feet |
54° - 74° | l5 feet | 24 feet | 9 feet | 20 feet |
75° - 90° | l5 feet | 24 feet | 9 feet | 20 feet |
(Ord. 239, passed 3-5-2001, § 9.5) Penalty, see § 151.999
§ 151.170 OFF-STREET LOADING REQUIREMENTS.
(A) On the same premises with every building or part thereof, erected and occupied for any uses involving the receipt or distribution of trucks and/or delivery vehicles, material or merchandise, adequate space for loading and unloading shall be provided in accordance with the following.
(B) (1) Loading and unloading space. The loading and unloading space, unless completely and adequately provided for within a building, shall be an area 10 feet by 50 feet, with 14-foot height clearance, and shall be provided according to the following schedule.
Gross Floor Area of Building (Square Feet) | Required Loading and Unloading Spaces |
0 - 2,000 | None |
2,000 - 20,000 | 1 space |
20,000 - 100,000 | 1 space plus 1 space for each 20,000 square feet in excess of 20,000 square feet |
100,000 - 500,000 | 5 spaces plus 1 space for each 40,000 square feet in excess of 100,000 square feet |
Over 500,000 | 15 spaces plus 1 space for each 80,000 square feet in excess of 500,000 square feet |
(2) Required greenbelt, setbacks, and screening.
(a) Off-street loading areas, including maneuvering lanes, shall not be located within the front greenbelt required in accordance with § 151.101. Off-street parking shall be permitted within the required side or rear yard setbacks, provided a minimum 10-foot setback is maintained between off-street
loading and the abutting side and rear lot lines.
(b) Off-street loading which abuts residentially zoned or used property shall be screened in accordance with § 151.101.
(3) Double count. Off-street loading space areas shall not be construed as, or counted toward, the supplying of area required as off-street parking space area.
(Ord. 239, passed 3-5-2001, § 9.6) Penalty, see § 151.999
§ 151.171 OFF-STREET STACKING SPACE FOR DRIVE-THROUGH FACILITIES.
(A) All businesses which provide drive-through facilities for serving customers within their automobile shall provide adequate off-street stacking space and lanes which meets the following requirements.
(B) (1) Each stacking space shall be computed on the basis of 10 feet in width and 20 feet in length. Each stacking lane shall be a minimum of 12 feet in width.
(2) (a) Clear identification and delineation between the drive-through facility and parking lot shall be provided.
(b) Drive-through facilities shall be designed in a manner which promotes pedestrian and vehicular safety.
(3) For all drive-through facilities which have a single stacking lane, an escape lane shall be provided which allows other vehicles to pass those waiting to be serviced.
(4) (a) The number of stacking spaces per service lane shall be provided for the following uses.
(b) When a use is not specifically mentioned, the requirements for off-street stacking space for the similar use shall apply.
Use | Stacking Spaces Per Service Lane |
Use | Stacking Spaces Per Service Lane |
Banks | 4 |
Photo service | 4 |
Dry-cleaning | 4 |
Fast-food restaurants | 6 |
Car washes (self-service): | |
Entry | 3 |
Exit | 1 |
Car washes (automatic): | |
Entry | 6 |
Exit | 2 |
(Ord. 239, passed 3-5-2001, § 9.7) Penalty, see § 151.999
§ 151.172 OUTDOOR STORAGE OF RECREATIONAL VEHICLES.
(A) In all residential districts, a recreational vehicle maybe parked or stored subject to the following conditions.
(B) (1) Storage or parking shall not be permitted on vacant lots or parcels, except as approved by the Zoning Administrator.
(2) Unless within a completely enclosed building, a recreational vehicle shall be parked or stored in 1 of the following manners:
(a) Within the side or rear yard, but no closer than 5 feet from any side or rear lot line; or
(b) In those instances where the side or rear yard is not accessible or has insufficient clearance for the passage of a recreational vehicle, the Zoning Administrator may allow the parking or storage of a recreational vehicle in the front yard. In those instances where a recreational vehicle is to be parked or stored in a front yard, only the driveway portion of the yard shall be utilized and in no instance shall the recreational vehicle be parked or stored in a manner which obstructs pedestrian or vehicular visibility.
(3) No recreational vehicle shall be used for living, sleeping, or housekeeping purposes on the premises, except for occasional living purposes to accommodate visitors not to exceed a maximum period of 2 weeks.
(4) No recreational vehicle shall be stored on a public street or right-of-way or private road easement.
(5) A recreational vehicle stored outside shall be in a condition for the safe and effective performance of its intended function.
(Ord. 239, passed 3-5-2001, § 9.8) Penalty, see § 151.999
