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Newton City Zoning Code

ADMINISTRATION AND

ENFORCEMENT

§ 158.175 PLANNING AND ZONING COMMISSION.

   (A)   General. There shall be a City Planning and Zoning Commission, hereinafter referred to as the Commission, consisting of seven members who shall be residents of the city, appointed by the Council. Commission members shall be qualified by knowledge or experience to act in matters pertaining to the development of a city plan and shall not hold any elective office in the city government.
   (B)   Term of office. The term of office of the members of the Commission shall be five years. The terms of not more than three of the members will expire in any one year.
   (C)   Vacancies. If any vacancy shall exist on the Commission caused by resignation, or otherwise, a successor for the residue of said term shall be appointed in the same manner as the original appointee.
   (D)   Compensation. All members of the Commission shall serve without compensation, except their actual expenses, which shall be subject to approval of the Council.
   (E)   Powers and duties. The Commission shall have and exercise the following powers and duties.
      (1)   Selection of officers. The Commission shall choose annually at its first regular meeting one of its members to act as Chairperson and another as Vice-Chairperson, who shall perform all the duties of the Chairperson during an absence or disability.
      (2)   Adopt rules and regulations. The Commission shall adopt such rules and regulations governing its organization and procedure as it may deem necessary.
      (3)   Appointment of assistants. Subject to the limitations contained in this chapter as to the expenditure of funds, it may appoint such assistants as it may deem necessary and prescribe and define their respective duties and fix and regulate the compensation to be paid to the several persons employed by it.
      (4)   Comprehensive Plan studies. It shall have full power and authority to make or cause to be made such surveys, studies, maps, plans or charts of the whole or any portion of the city or of any land outside thereof, which, in the opinion of the Commission, bears relation to the Comprehensive Plan and shall bring to the attention of the Council and may publish its studies and recommendations.
      (5)   Comprehensive Plan preparation. To prepare a Comprehensive Plan regarding the height, number of stories and size of buildings and other structures; the percentage of ground that may be occupied; the size of yards, courts and other open spaces; the density of population; and the location and use of buildings; structures and land for trade, industry, residence or other purposes; and, to this end, such Commission shall prepare a preliminary report and hold public meetings thereon, and after such meetings have been held, shall submit its final report and recommendations to the City Council.
      (6)   Comprehensive Plan amendments. To recommend to the Council from time to time as conditions require, amendments, supplements, changes or modifications in the Comprehensive Plan prepared by it.
      (7)   Subdivisions, streets or other public improvements. To review and recommend to the City Council approval or disapproval of all plans, plats or replats of subdivisions or re-subdivisions of land lying within the jurisdiction of the city and all proposals for the vacation or partial vacation of any street, alley or public ground and plans for any street.
      (8)   Zoning. The Commission shall have and exercise all the powers and duties and privileges in preparing and amending this chapter as provided by Iowa Code Ch. 414.
(2011 Code, § 34.0501)

§ 158.176 ZONING BOARD OF ADJUSTMENT.

   (A)   General. A Board of Adjustment is hereby created, such Board to consist of five members appointed by the City Council. All members shall be residents of the city. No member of the Board shall hold other elective office in the city or county government.
   (B)   Term of office. The members of the Board of Adjustment shall be appointed for the following terms: one for a term of one year; one for a term of two years; one for a term of three years; one for a term of four years; one for a term of five years. Thereafter, as their terms expire, each new appointment shall be for a term of five years.
   (C)   Vacancies. If a vacancy occurs, by resignation or otherwise, among the members of the Board, the City Council shall appoint a member for the unexpired term. The Council shall also have the power to remove any member of the Board for cause, after a public hearing.
   (D)   Compensation. Members of the Board of Adjustment shall serve without salary.
   (E)   Quorum; votes necessary for official action. A majority of members of the Board of Adjustment shall constitute a quorum. No action of the Board is official, however, unless authorized by a majority of the Board. The concurring vote of at least a majority of the Board shall be necessary to reverse any order, requirement, decision or determination of the Zoning Administrator, or to decide in favor of the applicant any matter upon which the Board is authorized to render decisions.
   (F)   Procedural rules; minutes and records of meetings and actions. The Board of Adjustment shall adopt such rules concerning the filing of appeals, and application for variances and conditional uses, giving of notice and conduct of hearings as shall be necessary to carry out its duties as defined in this chapter. The Board shall keep minutes of its proceedings, keep records of its examinations and other official acts and shall record the vote of each member upon each question, or if absent or failing to vote, indicating such fact in the minutes. All minutes and records shall be filed in the office of the Board and shall be of public record.
   (G)   Offices; employees; expenditures. The City Council shall provide suitable offices for the holding of hearings and the preservation of records, documents and accounts of the Board of Adjustment.
   (H)   Fund appropriation. The City Council shall appropriate funds to carry out the duties of the Board of Adjustment and the Board shall have the authority to expend, under regular procedure, all sums appropriated to it for the purpose and activities authorized herein.
   (I)   Meetings; notices. The Board of Adjustment shall meet at the call of the Chairperson and at such other times as the Board of Adjustment may determine. The notice of the time and place of such meetings shall be published as prescribed in Iowa Code §§ 362.3 and 414.4 or any successor provisions thereto, to wit: not less than seven, nor more than 20, days before the date set for the meeting of the Board of Adjustment. Such notice shall contain a statement of the particular purpose of such meeting and a brief description of the location of the property under consideration at such meeting. All meetings of the Board of Adjustment shall be open to the public.
   (J)   Powers and duties. The Board of Adjustment shall:
      (1)   Hear and determine appeals from, and review, any order, requirement, decision or determination made by the Zoning Administrator charged with the enforcement of this chapter;
      (2)   Hear and decide all matters referred to it, or upon which it is required to pass under this chapter;
      (3)   Hear and pass upon applications for variances, when a property owner or owner’s agent shows that a strict application of the terms of this chapter relating to the use, construction or alteration of buildings or structures, or the use of land imposes upon the owner’s practical difficulties or particular hardship; and
      (4)   Hold public hearings and approve or disapprove each application for a conditional use received in compliance with the provisions of this chapter.
   (K)   Rehearing. No rehearing shall be held on a denied appeal or application for variance or conditional use for a period of 12 months from the date of such denial.
   (L)   Judicial review. All decisions and findings of the Board of Adjustment on appeals or applications for variances shall be subject to review by court as by law may be provided.
(2011 Code, § 34.0502) (Ord. 2373, passed 4-20-2020; Ord. 2453, passed 10-21-2024)

§ 158.177 ZONING ADMINISTRATOR.

   (A)    This chapter shall be enforced by the Zoning Administrator. The Zoning Administrator shall be appointed by the City Administrator. The Zoning Administrator shall have the following powers and duties:
      (1)   To issue all zoning permits, certificates of zoning compliance and provisional use permits required by this chapter;
      (2)   To cause any building, structure, land, place or premises to be inspected and examined and to order in writing the remedying of any condition found to exist therein in violation of an provision of this chapter;
      (3)   To act as advisor to the Planning and Zoning Commission, City Council and Zoning Board of Adjustment and carry out and enforce any decisions or determinations of said bodies; and
      (4)   To develop the application forms and administrative requirements for compliance with the provisions of this chapter. Said forms and administrative requirements shall be approved by motion of the City Council.
   (B)   It is the intent of this chapter that all questions of interpretation and enforcement shall be first presented to the Zoning Administrator. The Zoning Administrator shall make a determination as to how all land uses and structures are classified. Unless a use is specifically listed as permitted, it is prohibited. Any questions of interpretation and enforcement shall be presented to the Zoning Board of Adjustment only on appeal from the decision of the Zoning Administrator.
   (C)   If the Board shall find that the ordinance does not reasonably provide for a proper classification of the subject use, then the Board shall forward its findings to the City Council and the Planning and Zoning Commission, with a recommendation for amendment of the ordinance to provide for proper classification and to designate the zoning district(s) in which such use may be located.
(2011 Code, § 34.0503) (Ord. 2373, passed 4-20-2020)

§ 158.178 PERMITS AND PROCEDURES.

   (A)   Notice by posted sign. The developer or applicant for any project that requires a public hearing before a board or commission shall be responsible for posting a physical sign in a conspicuous place on the property upon which action is pending. Such notice shall be not less than 18 inches in height and 24 inches in width with a white background and black letters not less than one and one-half inches in height. Such posted notice shall be so placed upon the premises - not in the public right-of-way - that is easily visible from the street and shall be so posted at least seven days before the date of the public hearing and shall remain until at least one day after the hearing. It is unlawful for any person to remove, mutilate, destroy or change such posted notice prior to the hearing.
   (B)   Planning and Zoning Commission.
      (1)   Zoning map and zoning ordinance text amendments.
         (a)   Initiation of zoning text amendments. Amendments to this chapter may be proposed by the City Council and by:
            1.   The Planning and Zoning Commission, as created by the City Council;
            2.   A resident and/or property owner within the city; or
            3.   The Zoning Administrator.
         (b)   Initiation of zoning map amendments. Amendments to the official zoning map may be proposed by the City Council and by:
            1.   The Planning and Zoning Commission, as created by the City Council;
            2.   The property owners of 20% or more of the area involved in the petition presented to the city; or
            3.   The Zoning Administrator.
         (c)   Before submission to City Council. Before submission to the City Council of the report and recommendations of the Planning and Zoning Commission on a proposed zoning map amendment or zoning text amendment, the Planning and Zoning Commission shall hold a public hearing thereon, and, when such hearing is held, the notice of time and place of such meetings shall be published as prescribed in Iowa Code §§ 362.3 and 414.4 or any successor provisions thereto.
         (d)   Fees for application for amendment. Any application for an amendment filed by, or on behalf of, the owner or owners of property affected shall be accompanied by a fee as determined by City Council resolution.
      (2)   Annexation. Prior to the annexation of any territory to the city, a plan of zoning for the area to be annexed shall be forwarded to the City Council by the Planning and Zoning Commission.
   (C)   Zoning Board of Adjustment.
      (1)   Variances. 
         (a)   Scope and purpose. The Zoning Board of Adjustment shall have the authority pursuant to § 158.117 of this chapter to grant a variance to the regulations of this chapter that will not be contrary to public interest, where owing to the special conditions a literal enforcement of the regulations will result in unnecessary hardship, and so that the spirit of the chapter shall be observed and substantial justice done.
         (b)   Decision criteria. In deciding upon applications for variances, the Zoning Board of Adjustment shall take into consideration the extent to which the following conditions have been established by evidence:
            1.   The particular physical surrounding, shape or topographical condition of the specific property involved would result in a particular hardship upon the owner, as distinguished from a mere inconvenience or loss of revenue if the strict letter of the regulations were carried out;
            2.   The conditions upon which the requested variance is based would not be applicable, generally, to other property within the same zoning classification;
            3.   The alleged difficulty or hardship has not been created by any person presently having an interest in the property;
            4.   The granting of the variance will not be materially detrimental to the public welfare or injurious to other property or improvements in the neighborhood in which the property is located;
            5.   The proposed variance will not impair an adequate supply of light and air to the adjacent property, or substantially increase the congestion in the public streets or increase the danger of fire or endanger the public safety or substantially diminish or impair property values within the neighborhood; and
            6.   The proposed variance complies with the spirit and intent of the restrictions imposed by this chapter.
         (c)   Conditions and restrictions. The Zoning Board of Adjustment may impose such conditions and restrictions, including limiting the time the variance is effective, upon the premises benefitted by a variance as may be necessary to prevent injurious effects therefrom upon other property in the neighborhood and to better carry out the general intent of this chapter.
         (d)   Limitations. The provisions of § 158.77 of this chapter shall not, in any instance, be varied by the Zoning Board of Adjustment. Variance from other regulations of this chapter shall be granted by the Zoning Board of Adjustment only in accordance with the standards set forth herein.
         (e)   Application for; notice of hearing. An application for variance shall be filed with the Zoning Board of Adjustment. The application shall be in such form and shall contain such information as the Zoning Board of Adjustment shall, from time to time, prescribe by general rule. The Zoning Board of Adjustment shall meet at the call of the chairperson and at other such times as the Zoning Board of Adjustment may determine. The notice of the time and place of such meetings shall be published as prescribed in Iowa Codes §§ 362.3 and 414.4 or and successor provisions thereto, to wit: not less than seven, nor more than 20 days before the date set for the meeting of the Zoning Board of Adjustment. Such notice shall contain a statement of the particular purpose of such meeting and a brief description of the location of the property under consideration at such meeting. All meetings of the Zoning Board of Adjustment shall be open to the public.
         (f)   Fees for applications of variances. Any application for a variance filed by, or on behalf of, the owner or owners of the property affected shall be accompanied by a fee as determined by City Council resolution.
      (2)   Conditional uses.
         (a)   Nature and purpose. The formulation and enactment of comprehensive zoning regulations is based on the division of the entire city into districts, in each of which are permitted specified uses that are mutually compatible. In addition to such permitted compatible uses, however, it is recognized that there are other uses, which it may be necessary or desirable to allow in a given district, but which, because of their potential influence upon neighboring uses or public facilities, need to be carefully regulated with respect to location or operation for the protection of the community. Such uses are classified in this chapter as conditional uses and may include the following:
            1.   Uses either municipally operated or operated by publicly regulated utilities, or uses traditionally affected by public interest;
            2.   Uses entirely private in character which, because of their peculiar locational need, the nature of the service they offer to the public and their possible damaging influence on the neighborhood may have to be established in a district in which they cannot reasonably be allowed as an unrestricted permitted use under the zoning regulations;
            3.   Non-conforming uses which as conditional uses can be made more compatible with their surroundings; and
            4.   Uses of a temporary nature, serving a particular need within definable time limits.
         (b)   Application for conditional use. An application for a conditional use shall be filed with the Zoning Administrator upon such form and accompanied by such information as shall be established from time to time by the Zoning Board of Adjustment. The Zoning Administrator shall forward to the Board without delay each such application received.
         (c)   Authorization; revocation. Conditional uses shall be authorized by a conditional use permit granted by the Zoning Board of Adjustment, after the Board shall have noticed and held a public hearing and prepared and filed a finding of fact, thereon. Such permit shall set forth any restrictions or conditions imposed in the granting thereof. Failure of the permittee to comply with such conditions or restrictions shall be deemed cause for the revocation of such permit.
         (d)   Criteria for granting. No conditional use shall be granted by the Zoning Board of Adjustment unless such use:
            1.   Is so designed, located and proposed to be operated that the public health, safety and welfare will be protected;
            2.   Is so designed located, and proposed to be operated that it is compatible with its surroundings;
            3.   Will not cause substantial injury to the value of the other property in the neighborhood in which it is to be located; and
            4.   Shall conform to the applicable regulations of, and be compatible with the essential character of the district in which it is located.
         (e)   Conditions imposed upon grant. The Zoning Board of Adjustment may provide such conditions or restrictions upon the construction, location, and operation of a conditional use, including, but not limited to, provisions for the protection of adjacent property, the expiration of such conditional use after a specified period of time, off-street parking and loading, as shall be deemed necessary to secure the general objectives of this chapter and to reduce injury to the value of property in the neighborhood.
         (f)   Authorized improvements. The Zoning Administrator my authorize any expansion of the size of the building by up to 10% of the existing or authorized building approved by a conditional use permit; provided that, the expansion is not in violation of the provisions of the original conditional use permit.
         (g)   Fees for applications of conditional uses. Any application for a conditional use filed by or on behalf of, the owner or owners of the property affected shall be accompanied by a fee as determined by City Council resolution.
         (h)   Notice of hearing. An application for conditional use permit shall be filed with the Zoning Board of Adjustment. The application shall be in such form and shall contain such information as the Zoning Board of Adjustment shall, from time to time, prescribe by general rule. The Zoning Board of Adjustment shall meet at the call of the chairperson and at other such times as the Board may determine. The notice of the time and place of such meetings shall be published two times, once not less than seven, nor more than 17, and once not less than 14 nor more than 20 days before the date set for the meeting of the Board. Notice shall also be mailed to all property owners within 400 feet of the outside boundaries of the subject property at least 14 days prior to the meeting date. All meetings of the Board shall be open to the public.
(2011 Code, § 34.0504) (Ord. 2373, passed 4-20-2020; Ord. 2411, passed 4-4-2022; Ord. 2453, passed 10-21-2024)

§ 158.179 APPEALS.

   (A)   Scope of appeal. An appeal may be taken to the Board of Adjustment by any person or office, department, board or bureau affected by a decision of the office of the Zoning Administrator. The appeal shall specify the grounds thereof and shall be filed within such time and in such form as may be prescribed by the Board by general rule. The Zoning Administrator, upon request of the Board of Adjustment, transmit to it all documents, plans and papers constituting the record of the action from which an appeal was taken.
   (B)   Hearing of appeal. The Board may require the party taking the appeal to assume the cost of public notice and due notice to interested parties. At the hearing, any party may appear in person, by agent or by attorney.
   (C)   Staying of work on premises. When an appeal from the decision of the zoning administrator has been taken and filed with the Board of Adjustment, all proceedings and work on the premises concerning which the decision was made shall be stayed unless the Zoning Administrator shall certify to the Board that, by reasons of facts stated in the certificate, a stay would cause imminent peril to life or property. In such case a proceeding or work shall not be stayed, except by a restraining order which may be granted by the Board of Adjustment or by the district court of the county, on application, on notice to the Zoning Administrator and the owner of the premises affected and on due cause shown. After the owner, or owner’s agents, or persons or a corporation in charge of the work on the premises affected have received notice that an appeal has been filed with the Board of Adjustment, the Zoning Administrator shall have full power to order such work discontinued or stayed and to call upon the police power of the city to give full force and effect to the order.
   (D)   Decision on appeal. In exercising its powers, the Board of Adjustment may, upon the concurring vote of a majority of its members, reverse or affirm, wholly or partly, or may modify the order, requirement, decision or determination appealed from as in its opinion ought to be done in the premises and, to that end, shall have all the powers of the Zoning Administrator.
(2011 Code, § 34.0505) (Ord. 2373, passed 4-20-2020)

§ 158.999 PENALTY.

   (A)   Any person who violates, disobeys, omits, neglects or refuses to comply with or who resists the enforcement of any of the provisions of this chapter shall have committed a simple misdemeanor punishable by a fine of at least $65 but not to exceed $625. Each day such a violation or failure to comply is permitted to exist after notification thereof shall constitute a separate offense.
(2011 Code, § 34.0506.1)
   (B)   Violations of the provisions of §§ 158.045 through 158.072 of this chapter or failure to comply with any of the requirements shall constitute a simple misdemeanor punishable by a fine of at least $65 but not to exceed $625. Each day such a violation or failure to comply is permitted to exist after notification there of shall constitute a separate offense. Nothing herein contained prevent the city from taking such other lawful action as is necessary to prevent or remedy violation.
(2011 Code, § 34.04050.29) (Ord. 2320, passed 1-3-2018)