The visible or otherwise apparent discontinuance of a nonconforming use of a building or premises, or the removal of the characteristic equipment or furnishings used in the performance of a nonconforming use without its replacement by similar equipment or furnishings, or the replacement of the nonconforming use or structure.

A motor vehicle that is inoperable and is left unattended on public property for more than seven days; or has remained illegally on public property for a period of seven days; or is left unattended on or along a public roadway without a valid registration plate, certificate of inspection, or title. For the purposes of this chapter, vehicles or equipment used or intended to be used in construction or in the operation or maintenance of public utility facilities, which are left in a manner which does not interfere with the normal movement of traffic, shall not be considered to be abandoned.

(A) physically touching or bordering on another lot, use, or district boundary; or (B) sharing a common boundary line. (See also "adjoining.")

A means, other than a street, which provides vehicular access from a street or public road to a lot; i.e., a driveway.

Any equipment serving or being used in conjunction with a wireless communications facility or wireless support structure. The term "accessory equipment" includes but is not limited to utility or transmission equipment, power supplies, generators, batteries, cables, equipment buildings, cabinets and storage sheds, shelters or similar structures.

For the purposes of this chapter, an accessory residential use shall be defined as a residential dwelling unit which is accessory to the principal commercial use of a lot in the V Village District; i.e., an apartment(s) located above or adjoining a retail establishment.

An area of land or other area used for a solar collection system used to capture solar energy, convert it to electrical energy or thermal power and supply electrical or thermal power primarily for on-site use. An accessory solar energy system consists of one or more freestanding ground- or roof-mounted solar arrays or modules, or solar-related equipment and is intended to primarily reduce on-site consumption of utility power or fuels.

See "structure, accessory."

See "use, accessory."

See "warehousing facility."

For the purposes of this chapter, the term "adjoining" shall be defined as the sharing of all or part of a common lot line with another lot or parcel of land. (See also "abut.")

Adult bookstores, adult theaters, adult cabarets, adult massage parlors, and similar establishments providing entertainment of a sexual nature. (See also § 27-417.)

Any person, other than the landowner of a lot, who, acting under specific authorization of the landowner, submits plans, data and/or applications to the Zoning Officer or other designated Township official for the purpose of obtaining approval thereof.

A detached accessory structure, whether fully or partially enclosed, intended to provide housing, shelter, enclosure or support for animals, farm equipment, farm supplies or produce, grain, feed, etc. Such building shall be incidental and accessory to the type of farming activities conducted upon the property containing the building or on other properties owned or leased by the same farmer, and shall not be used for residential purposes. (See also "stable.")

The use of land for agricultural purposes, including crop farming, dairying, pasturage, apiculture, horticulture, floriculture, viticulture, aquaculture, forestry, animal and poultry husbandry, and the accessory buildings or structures used for packing, treating, or storing that which is produced; provided, however, that the operation of any such accessory use shall be secondary to that of the normal agricultural activities. (See also "agri-business," "animal or poultry husbandry," "farm, farm-related business" "normal agricultural operation" and "concentrated animal operations.")

A farm-based entertainment enterprise which includes activities or a combination of activities such as hayrides, pony rides, wine tasting, cornfield-maze contests, farmer's markets, harvest festivals, rodeos, western-style equestrian events and contests, including, but not limited to, barrel racing and steer sorting, that are offered to the public or to invited groups for the purpose of recreation, entertainment, education, or active involvement in the agricultural operation. A farm-based entertainment enterprise shall be located upon a property currently used for agricultural purposes. The term "agritainment enterprise" shall be deemed separate and distinct from the term "farm-related business."

Any contrivance, except an unpowered hang glider or parachute, used for the ascent into or flight through the air.

Any area of land or water which is used, or is intended to be used, for the landing or take-off or aircraft and any appurtenant areas which are used, or are intended to be used, for airport buildings or air navigation facilities or rights-of-way, together with all facilities thereon. For the purposes of this chapter, the term "airport" may also include facilities designated as heliports or those facilities which can only be used by rotary wing aircraft, as well as private airports.

Any structure or object, natural or man-made, or use of land which obstructs the airspace required for flight of aircraft in landing or take-off at an airport or is otherwise hazardous to the landing or take-off of aircraft.

An area of land or water upon which an airport hazard might be established if not prevented.

A permanent serviceway providing a secondary means of access to lots, not intended for general traffic circulation.

As applied to a building or structure, an alteration shall be defined as a change or rearrangement in the structural parts or in the exit facilities or an enlargement, whether by extending on a side or increasing in height, or the moving from one location or position to another. For the purposes of this chapter, alteration shall not be defined to include general maintenance or other repair activities.

(A) The process set forth by the Pennsylvania Municipalities Planning Code for changing or altering the provisions of this chapter or the boundary of any zoning district shown on the Zoning Map. (See also § 27-1101); or (B) The actual change or alteration proposed for the zoning ordinance text or map.

A retail establishment whose principal business is offering to patrons mechanical, electrical, or video amusement devices or games, such as pinball machines, ping pong, darts, shooting galleries, or similar devices and games.

One thousand pounds' live weight of livestock. aquatic, or poultry animals, regardless of the actual number of individual animals comprising the unit. This weight is calculated on an annualized basis. These units shall be calculated as provided under the State Nutrient Management Act regulations[2] and accompanying standards prepared by the Penn State University Cooperative Extension Service.

An establishment where animals are given medical or surgical treatment and may be boarded for short-term care incidental to their treatment.

For the purposes of this chapter, animal husbandry shall be defined as the raising or keeping of livestock and/or poultry for capital gain or profit or with the intent of selling any livestock or poultry products as a commercial enterprise, including custom butchering. (The housing or raising of livestock or poultry or household pets for personal use or enjoyment pursuant to regulations of this chapter shall not be considered animal husbandry. See also § 27-418.)

Any system of wires, rods, discs, panels, flat panels, dishes, whips, or other similar devices used for the transmission or reception of wireless signals. An antenna may include an omnidirectional antenna (rod), directional antenna (panel), parabolic antenna (disc) or any other wireless antenna. An antenna shall not include tower-based wireless communications facilities as defined below.

See "dwelling, apartment."

Any lessee or his authorized agent who submits plans, data and/or applications to the Zoning Officer or other designated Township official for the purpose of obtaining approval thereof.

The surface included within a set of lines.

See "junkyard."

A building or structure used primarily for making major repairs to motor vehicles (automobiles, motorcycles, trucks, farm machinery or equipment, and/or snowmobiles), including overhauling, body work, painting, refinishing and upholstering, as well as incidental servicing and maintenance. (See also § 27-417.)

Any building or land area used for the display and sale of new or used automobiles or other motor vehicles, including warranty repair or associated work.

Any land, building, or place of business where gasoline or any motor vehicle fuel or oil or other lubricating substances, batteries, tires, and other automotive accessories are supplied and dispensed to the motor vehicle trade, at retail, and where minor repair service may be offered. (See also § 27-417.)

See "financial institution."

(A) That portion of a building partly underground but having less than half of its clear height below the average lot grade. A basement shall be counted as a story for the purpose of height measurement if the vertical distance between the ceiling and the average level of the adjoining ground is more than five feet, or if the space is used for business or dwelling purposes. (B) For floodplain management purposes, a basement shall be that area of a building or structure having its floor subgrade (below ground level) on all sides.

An establishment, dwelling, or part thereof, in which individual rooms are offered for temporary lodging purposes by the owner or operator for limited periods of time. Breakfast or other meals may also be provided for overnight guests as a part of the lodging fee. (See also § 27-413.)

The elected governing body of North Centre Township, Columbia County, PA.

The Zoning Hearing Board of North Centre Township, Columbia County, PA.

See "rooming or boarding home."

Yard space, either landscaped or planted, provided between high intensity activities and residential uses. (See also § 27-506.)

A structure having walls and a roof which is used for the shelter, housing or enclosure of persons, animals, or property. The word "building" shall include any part thereof. Included shall be all mobile or manufactured homes and trailers to be used for human habitation.

That percentage of the plot or lot area covered by the principal and accessory buildings, including porches, patios, decks, carports, and breezeways, but excluding swimming pools, unenclosed parking or loading areas.

The vertical distance measured from the average elevation of the finished grade of the ground surrounding the building to the highest point of the roof, excluding chimneys, spires, and similar projections which may be attached to the building. (See also § 27-504.)

The required setback (front, side, or rear) of a building from a property line.

A line established by the required minimum front yard setback from the street right-of-way or front lot line for buildings and/or structures. The building setback line shall be the point at which minimum lot width is measured.

See "professional office."

A tract or tracts of ground, or portion thereof, used for the purpose of providing two or more spaces for recreational vehicles or tents for camping purposes, with or without a fee charged for the leasing, renting, or occupancy of such space. Such facility may also include a recreational vehicle park. For the purposes of this chapter, a campground shall be considered to be an outdoor commercial recreation use. (See also § 27-427.)

A roofed accessory structure usually attached to its principal building which provides space for the parking or storage of one or more vehicles. Said structure is covered by a roof, supported by columns or posts, and is enclosed on not more than three sides.

The surface of a street or alley available for vehicular traffic or the area between curbs.

A portion of a building partly underground, having half or more than half of its clear height below the average grade of the adjoining ground. For the purposes of this chapter, a cellar shall not be considered in calculating gross floor area or in determining the permissible number of stories, nor shall it be used for dwelling purposes.

Property used for the interring of the dead.

The certificate required by this chapter which indicates that all work authorized by the project's zoning permit has been satisfactorily completed, or in a case involving no construction, a proposed new use is in compliance with the terms of this chapter. (See also § 27-1204.)

A certificate issued by the Zoning Officer which acknowledges the existence of a nonconforming use, structure or lot as of the effective date of this chapter, thereby authorizing its right to continue until it is eliminated or abandoned. (See also §§ 27-901, Subsection 1G, and 27-902, Subsection 1C.)

An alteration of a building or a change of use existing within a building or on a lot to a new use which imposes other provisions of this chapter.

A building or structure, or group of buildings or structures, which by design and construction are primarily intended for conducting organized religious or worship services, and uses customarily accessory or incidental thereto. For the purposes of this chapter, uses such as schools, child nursery or day care facilities, social halls or similar places of assembly associated with the church or place of worship shall require separate consideration and approval by Township officials.

An area of unobstructed vision at street or driveway intersections defined by lines of sight between points at a given distance from the intersection of the street and/or driveway center lines. (See also § 27-505, Subsection 4.)

For the purposes of this chapter, a medical or dental clinic shall be defined as an establishment housing two or more physicians, dentists, psychologists, social workers, or similar health care providers, where patients are received for examination or treatment, but where no surgery is performed and no patients are lodged overnight.

For the purposes of this chapter, a veterinary clinic shall be defined as an establishment housing one or more veterinarians where animals are examined and treated, but where no boarding related to such treatment is provided. (See also "animal hospital.")

An organization catering exclusively to members and their guests in premises or buildings for social, recreational, or administrative purposes, which are not conducted for profit. For purposes of this chapter, such clubs shall not include adult entertainment. Clubs may include, but need not be limited to, service organizations, fraternal organizations, as well as social, athletic, or similar groups.[3]

The mounting of one or more WCFs, including antennas, on an existing tower-based WCF, or on any structure that already supports at least one nontower WCF.

See "lodging facility, commercial."

A commercial electric generating facility, whose main purpose is to supply electricity to off-site customer(s), consisting of one or more commercial WECS, and other accessory structures and buildings, including substations, meteorological towers, electrical infrastructure, transmission lines and other appurtenant structures and facilities.

A wall on an interior lot line or a wall adapted for joint service between two buildings; i.e., a party wall.[4]

A space which will remain totally dry during flooding; the structure is designed and constructed to prevent the passage of water and water vapor.

The complete plan for future development of North Centre Township, Columbia County, PA, as adopted by the Township Board of Supervisors in 1973. The itemized Community Development Objectives contained in that Plan were updated and set forth as the North Centre Township General Development Goals, Objectives and Future Growth Management Strategies, and were adopted by resolution of the Township Supervisors, dated September 8, 2008.

A principal use allowed in certain districts, as provided for in Part 3, which may only be authorized by the Township Supervisors as set forth in Part 11 of this chapter, after review and recommendation of the Township Planning Commission.

A building, or group of buildings, in which units are owned individually, and the structure, common areas, and facilities are owned by all the owners on a proportional, undivided basis.

Land area used for game lands, wildlife or nature preserves, or similar activities.

See "new construction."

Geographical land division(s) that, as a group, are not interrupted by other land or water.

A building or group of buildings and space used for the storage of construction equipment and/or building materials. Such uses may also include equipment repair facilities and office space associated with the contractor's operation. (See also § 27-423.)

A retail establishment selling a limited range of food products and some household or other consumer goods. Such facilities generally offer fewer items and maintain a smaller inventory of merchandise than a supermarket or grocery store. In some cases, gasoline and related automotive supplies are also offered in a self-service basis.

A dwelling or other building existing at the effective date of this chapter which is converted for residential occupancy by more than one family. The specific number of permitted dwelling units shall be as set forth in Part 3, "District Regulations," of this chapter. (See also § 27-404.)

A cage or small building in which poultry or domestic waterfowl are housed.

An enclosure for confining animals, not normally intended for grazing purposes.

Columbia County, Pennsylvania.

See "land cultivation."

A specific process provided in the Pennsylvania Municipalities Planning Code whereby an individual landowner or the municipality may propose an amendment to cure or overcome a perceived invalidity of a zoning ordinance.

For the purposes of this chapter, a day-care center shall be defined as a private facility enrolling more than 12 young children where tuition, fees, or other forms of compensation for the care of the children is charged and which is licensed, inspected, and approved to operate as a child day-care center by the Pennsylvania Department of Public Welfare. For the purposes of this chapter, such facilities may also provide care for adult, elderly or handicapped persons. (See also § 27-412.)

Final adjudication of any board or other body granted jurisdiction under any land use ordinance or this chapter to do so, either by reason of the grant of exclusive jurisdiction or by reason of appeals from determinations. All decisions shall be appealable to the court of common pleas of the county and judicial district wherein the Township lies.

The number of families, individuals, dwelling units, or housing structures permitted to be constructed or situated on a specific unit of land.

Numerical values applied to residential dwelling unit types for the purpose of computing permitted densities.

The number of dwelling units in relation to an area of land actually in use or proposed to be used for residential purposes, excluding public rights-of-way, but including interior parking areas and access lanes, sidewalks, parks, playgrounds, common open space, etc.

See "clinic, medical or dental."

Final action by an officer, body or agency charged with the administration of any land use ordinance or applications thereunder, except the following: (A) the Board of Supervisors; (B) the Zoning Hearing Board; or (C) the Planning Commission, only if and to the extent the planning agency is charged with final decision on preliminary or final plans under the Subdivision and Land Development Ordinance or Planned Residential Development Ordinances. Determinations shall be appealable only to the Boards designated as having jurisdiction for such appeal.

Any landowner, agent of such landowner, or tenant with the permission of the landowner, who makes or causes to be made a subdivision or land development.

Any man-made change to improved or unimproved real estate including, but not limited to, the construction, reconstruction, renovation, repair, expansion, or alteration of buildings or other structures; the placement of mobile homes or manufactured housing; streets, and other paving; utilities; filling, grading, and excavation; mining; dredging or drilling operations; storage of equipment or materials; and the subdivision of land.

Network of spatially separated antenna sites connected to a common source that provides wireless service within a geographic area or structure.

A zoning district as laid out on the Zoning Map, along with the regulations pertaining thereto.

When used in the context of forest management operations, the term "disturb" shall refer to all those areas of the operation site where earth is moved, shifted, or relocated or the vegetative cover of the site is stripped or removed in order to commence and complete such operation.

Those animals that are considered to be, by their nature, suitable for keeping in captivity and regulated by law to be maintained in any residential zoning area, that is deemed to be owned or cared for by a responsible party and that would not be considered to be a nuisance in such residential area.

A minor vehicular right-of-way providing access between a street and a parking area or garage within a lot or property.

See "dwelling, two-family."

A building, structure, or shelter designed for or occupied exclusively as the residence or sleeping place of one or more persons.

One or more rooms in a dwelling structure designed for use by one or more individuals living together as a single housekeeping unit, with cooking, living, sanitary and sleeping facilities. Recreational vehicles, lodging facilities, rooming or boarding houses, or personal care or nursing homes shall not be considered as dwelling units for the purposes of this chapter.

A defined right of use or privilege granted for a limited use of land, usually for a public or quasi-public purpose.

A condition that constitutes a clear and immediate danger to the health, welfare, or safety of the public, or has caused or is likely to cause facilities in the rights-of-way to be unusable and result in loss of the services provided.

See "warehousing facility."

A use which is located entirely within a building or structure.

An indoor facility operated as a business for profit, open to the public, for the purpose of providing entertainment including, but not limited to, bowling alleys, roller skating rinks, amusement arcades, motion-picture theaters, health clubs, and similar types of establishments, but excluding adult entertainment facilities as defined herein.

An area surrounding or adjacent to a wireless support structure within which base stations, power supplies, or accessory equipment are located.

Uses, not enclosed within a building, necessary for the preservation of the public health and safety including, but not limited to, the erection, construction, alteration or maintenance of underground or overhead transmission systems, poles, wires, pipes, cables, fire alarm boxes, hydrants, or similar equipment used by public utilities or government agencies.

A space which will remain dry during flooding, except for the passage of some water vapor or minor seepage; the structure is substantially impermeable to the passage of water.

One or more persons, whether or not related by blood, marriage, adoption, or guardianship, occupying a single dwelling unit and living as a single household unit, using common living, cooking, sleeping, and sanitary facilities. (See also "group family household.")

A family residence where care is provided for no more than six children unrelated to the resident household and which is registered by the Pennsylvania Department of Public Welfare to provide such care. For the purposes of this chapter, a family day care home shall be considered to be a home occupation. (See also § 27-431.)

For the purposes of this chapter, a farm shall be defined as a parcel of land which is used for agricultural purposes or activities, excluding the raising of fur-bearing animals, riding academies, livery or boarding stables, and dog kennels. (See also "agriculture," "kennel," "normal agricultural operation," "riding academy," and "stable.")

See "agricultural building."

For the purposes of this chapter, a farm-related business shall be defined as a commercial enterprise conducted on a farm which is related to or supportive of an ongoing agricultural operation located on the same tract. (See also § 27-432.)

Federal Communications Commission.

Any combination of materials creating an enclosure or barrier to prevent intrusion from outside or straying from within. For the purposes of this chapter, a fence shall be considered to be a structure and shall therefore require a zoning permit prior to its placement or erection. (See also § 27-505, Subsection 3.)

For the purposes of this chapter, a financial institution shall include, but need not be limited to, a bank, credit union, loan company, or other lending institution, including drive-in windows, automated teller machines, and similar night deposit facilities.

Any building or structure, or portion thereof, used for the purpose of housing or storing fire fighting equipment and gear. Such facilities may also include company meeting rooms, administrative offices, and other public service space.

See "lot, flag."

A repeating cycle or changing light intensity.

A temporary inundation of normally dry land areas.

That portion of the one-hundred-year floodplain outside of the floodway, excluding areas shown as approximate one-hundred-year flood zones on the Township's official flood maps.

A flood that on the average is likely to occur once every 100 years (i.e., that has a 1% chance of occurring each year, although the flood may occur in any year.)

Any combination of structural and non-structural additions, changes or adjustments to structures which reduces or eliminates flood damage to real estate or improved real property, water and sanitary facilities, structures or their contents. (See § 27-603 for flood damage control provisions.)

The designated area of the floodplain which is required to carry and discharge the flood waters of a one-hundred-year flood.

The area of a structure covered by floors.

See "forestry."

The management of forests and timberlands when practiced in accordance with accepted silviculture principles, through developing, cultivating, harvesting, transporting and selling trees for commercial purposes, which does not involve any land development. (See also "timber harvesting.")

A factor of safety usually expressed in feet above a flood level for purposes of floodplain management. "Freeboard" tends to compensate for the many unknown factors that could contribute to flood heights greater than the height calculated for a selected size flood and floodway conditions, such as wave action, bridge openings, and the hydrological effect of urbanization of the watershed.

A building used for the preparation of the deceased for burial and the display of the deceased and ceremonies connected therewith before burial or cremation. (See also "mortuary.")

A building or structure used for the parking and storage of vehicles. (See also "automotive repair garage."

A retail business establishment specializing in sale of seeds, plants, flowers, shrubs, or small or ornamental trees, and related products and utensils.

The cultivation of herbs, fruits, flowers or vegetables on a piece of ground adjoining the dwelling, excluding the keeping, boarding or raising of livestock, and permitting the sale of products raised thereon.

The specific principles, policies, and strategies adopted by the Township Board of Supervisors in September 8, 2008, intended to guide the future growth and development of North Centre Township.

That portion of the floodplain area for which no specific flood profiles exist and which is designated as approximated one-hundred-year floodplain area on the Township's official flood maps.

The effect produced by light with an intensity sufficient to cause annoyance, discomfort, or loss in visual performance and visibility.

A facility housing state, county or Township agencies, including administration offices, storage facilities, and other related or incidental uses or structures. For the purposes of this chapter, such facilities shall also include police or fire stations, community centers or grange halls.

The degree of rise or descent of a sloping surface.

A building whose sides and roof are made largely of glass or other transparent or translucent material, and in which the temperature and humidity can be regulated for the cultivation of delicate or out-of-season plants for subsequent sale or personal enjoyment. (See also "plant nursery.")

A retail establishment primarily selling food or groceries as well as other household goods or merchandise; i.e., a supermarket.

See "floor area, gross."

The minimum distance between the ground and any part of the wind turbine blade, as measured from the lowest point of the are of the blades.

A residence where day care is provided for between seven and 12 children unrelated to the resident household, which is licensed and inspected by the Pennsylvania Department of Public Welfare to provide such care. For the purposes of this chapter, such use may be either a principal or accessory use (see applicable district regulations) and may also provide care for adult or elderly persons. (See also § 27-412.)

A group of individuals not related by blood, marriage, adoption or guardianship living together in one dwelling unit as a single housekeeping unit under a common housekeeping plan based on an intentionally structured relationship providing organization and stability, excluding student housing facilities as defined herein.

For the purposes of this chapter, a group home shall be defined as a residence occupied by eight or fewer persons (excluding staff) unrelated by blood, marriage, adoption or guardianship who live together as a group family household, excluding student housing. Such homes shall include, but are not limited to, homes for orphans, foster children, the elderly, mentally or physically handicapped or challenged persons, battered women and children, and specialized treatment facilities providing less than primary health care. Group homes providing space for more than eight residents, excluding staff, shall be considered to be institutional residences. (See also § 27-410 and "institutional residence.")

See "floor area, habitable."

Any substance or mixture of substances having properties capable of producing adverse effects on the health or safety of a human being.

The vertical distance measured from the ground level, including any base pad, to the highest point on a tower-based WCF, including antennas mounted on the tower and any other appurtenances.

Any structure that is:

An accessory use or service-oriented occupation operated for gain or profit conducted entirely within the operator's residence or in a building accessory thereto, which is carried on by the inhabitant(s) thereof and is clearly secondary to the use of the dwelling for residential purposes and does not change the character thereof. (See also § 27-431.)

The growing of fruits, vegetables, flowers, ornamental plants, shrubs, or trees for profit.

A building or structure containing rooms intended or designed to be used, rented or occupied for sleeping purposes by overnight guests, where such rooms have no independent outside access, and where provision may be made for dining room or restaurant facilities, or meeting or conference rooms within the building. (See also "lodging facilities, commercial" and "motel.")

For the purposes of this chapter, household pets shall be defined as domesticated animals, including dogs, cats and other similar animals that are housed in a private residence as personal companions.

Those floodplain areas specifically identified in this chapter as being inundated by the one-hundred-year flood, including areas identified as floodway, flood fringe and general floodplain.

For the purposes of this chapter, limited industrial uses shall be defined as:

Establishments primarily engaged in the provision of residential, social and personal care for children, the elderly, and other special categories of persons with some limits on their ability for self-care, but where medical care is not a major element. These uses include, but are not limited to, group foster homes; residential alcohol and drug rehabilitation centers with incidental health care; children's boarding homes; halfway homes for persons with social or personal problems, except halfway homes for delinquents, offenders and other adjudicated individuals, and not including training schools for delinquent and other adjudicated individuals; homes for destitute individuals; homes for the deaf or blind; homes for emotionally disturbed or mentally or physically handicapped persons, with health care incidental; and group homes for nine or more residents, excluding staff. Residents of these facilities would be treated by staff in an institutional setting rather than living independently. Institutional housing where there is commercial rental or condominium ownership is also included in this category, with the exception of personal care homes as defined herein. Such facilities may also require licensing by the Pennsylvania Department of Public Health, Department of Welfare, or other state agencies. (See also § 27-410.)

That portion of the national system of interstate highways located within the commonwealth as officially designated by the State and/or U.S. Departments of Transportation.

Any discarded article or material including, but not limited to, scrap metal, paper, rags, glass, containers, tires, junked or abandoned motor vehicles, trailers, machinery and equipment, with exception of farm machinery and other salvageable materials. For purposes of this chapter, the term "junk" shall not include hazardous wastes or materials, industrial residual wastes, or municipal wastes as defined in the Pennsylvania Solid Waste Management Act, 35 P.S. § 6018.101 et seq.

For the purposes of this chapter, any motor vehicle including, but not limited to, an automobile or truck that is so worn, deteriorated, obsolete, dismantled or disassembled as to make it inoperable or unusable in its current condition, and/or a motor vehicle which has become incapable of being operated for a period of 30 days due to mechanical defects and/or because it is not licensed and/or does not have a current, valid Pennsylvania inspection sticker shall be considered to be a junked motor vehicle.

Any outdoor establishment, place of business, or use of land which is maintained, used or operated for storing, keeping, buying or selling junk or junked or abandoned motor vehicles (including auto salvage operations), with or without dismantling, processing, sale, or other use or disposition of the same. For the purposes of this chapter, any premises having four or more unlicensed motor vehicles or trailers thereon shall be deemed to be a junkyard, except that the foregoing shall not apply to duly licensed commercial operations. (See also Part 2, Chapter 13 of the Township's Codified Ordinances regarding Junk Dealers and Junkyards.)

For the purposes of this chapter, a kennel shall be defined as an establishment where more than six dogs, cats or other domesticated animals in excess of six months of age are housed, groomed, bred, boarded, trained or sold. (House pets maintained in a private residence are excluded, except as may be otherwise regulated by the Township's Animal Control Ordinance, enacted on March 10, 2008, or may hereafter be amended.) In addition, all requirements of the Pennsylvania Dog Law, administered by the Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture, shall be met before establishing a kennel in the Township. (See also § 27-420.)

See "conservation area."

The tilling or cultivation of soil for crop or tree farming.

Any of the following activities:

The legal or beneficial owner(s) of land, including the holder of an option or contract to purchase (whether or not such option is subject to any condition), a lessee, if he is authorized under the lease to exercise the right of the landowner or other person having a proprietary interest in the land.

Grass and other plantings such as trees, shrubs and/or bushes.

See "industrial uses, limited."

For the purposes of this chapter, livestock shall be defined to include cows, pigs, goats, horses, sheep, llamas, emus, ostriches, and other similar types of animals with hooves, whether split or not.

An off-street space accessible from a street or alley in a building or on a lot, for the temporary use of vehicles while loading or unloading merchandise or materials.

A building or structure arranged or used for sheltering, sleeping, and/or feeding of overnight guests for limited periods of time, including hotels, motels, country inns and other similar types of commercial lodging establishments. Dining facilities associated with such uses may also be open or available to the public if authorized by the proper Township officials. (See also "hotel," "motel," and "bed-and-breakfast establishment.")

A designated parcel, tract or area of land established by a plat or otherwise as permitted by law and to be used, developed or built upon as a unit.

The property lines bounding the lot.

A lot which individually or as a part of a subdivision has been recorded in the office of the Recorder of Deeds of Columbia County, Pennsylvania.

The lowest floor of the lowest fully enclosed area of a building or structure (including basement or cellar). An unfinished or flood resistant partially enclosed area, used solely for parking of vehicles, building access and incidental storage in an area other than a basement or cellar area is not considered a building's lowest floor, provided that such space is not designed and built so that the structure is in violation of the applicable non-elevation design requirements of this chapter and the National Flood Insurance Program.

A business establishment primarily engaged in the sale of lumber and related products to contractors or the general public.

A workshop, manufacturing facility, or other enclosed industrial operation where machines are built, repaired or assembled. For the purposes of this chapter, such facilities shall be considered limited industrial uses.

The act of producing, preparing or assembling finished products or goods from raw materials or component parts through the repetitious use of an established or set process.

The fair market price of a structure or property as determined by an appraiser or insurance adjuster; the price at which both buyer and seller are willing to do business.

See "clinic, medical or dental."

A tower used for the measurement of wind speed.

For the purposes of this chapter, a mineral batching or mixing plant shall be defined as an operation where extracted minerals are amassed, sorted, mixed, and/or crushed, ground or otherwise treated for distribution or use.

The commercial extraction of natural minerals from the earth, including facilities for the batching or mixing of extracted materials. For administrative purposes however, oil and gas operations shall not be considered to be mineral extraction operations, but rather temporary uses. (See also "oil and gas operations" and §§ 27-424 and 27-436, Subsection 3.)

Any aggregate or mass of mineral matter, whether or not coherent. The term includes, but is not limited to, anthracite and bituminous coal, coal refuse, peat, limestone and dolomite, sand, gravel, rock, stone, earth, fill, slag, iron or zinc ore, vermiculite, clay, and crude oil and natural gas.

The replacement of existing work with equivalent materials for the purpose of routine maintenance and upkeep, but not including the cutting away of any wall, partition or portion thereof, the removal or cutting of any structural beams or bearing support, or the removal or change of any required means of egress, or rearrangement of parts of a structure affecting the exitway requirements, nor shall any minor repairs include addition to, alteration of, replacement or relocation of any standpipe, water supply, sewer, drainage, drain leader, gas, soil, waste, vent or similar piping, electrical wiring or mechanical or other work affecting public health or general safety.

A transportable, single-family dwelling intended for permanent occupancy, contained in one unit, or in two units designed to be joined into one integral unit capable of again being separated for repeated towing, which arrives at a site complete and ready for occupancy except for minor and incidental unpacking and assembly operations, and is constructed so that it may be used without a permanent foundation. For floodplain management purposes, the term shall also include manufactured housing, park trailers, travel trailers, recreational vehicles, and other similar units placed on a site for a period of time exceeding 180 consecutive days.

A parcel of land in a mobile home park, improved with the necessary utility connections and other appurtenances necessary for the erection thereon of a single mobile home.

That part of an individual mobile home lot which has been reserved for the placement of a mobile home and appurtenant structures and connections.

A parcel or contiguous parcels of land which has been so designated and improved that it contains two or more mobile home lots for the placement thereon of mobile homes. For floodplain management purposes, the term shall also include facilities for the placement of two or more manufactured homes, or park trailers, travel trailers, recreational vehicles, or other similar units for a period of time exceeding 180 consecutive days. (See also § 27-407 and the Subdivision and Land Development Ordinance in effect in North Centre Township for mobile home park requirements.)

The improvement, upgrade or expansion of existing wireless communications facilities or base stations on an existing wireless support structure or the improvement, upgrade, or expansion of the wireless communications facilities located within an existing equipment compound, if the improvement, upgrade, expansion or replacement does not substantially change the physical dimensions of the wireless support structure.

A WCF or site which consists of a single pole structure, designed and erected on the ground or on top of a structure, to support communications antennas and connecting appurtenances.

A place for the storage of human bodies prior to their burial or cremation.

A building or structure arranged or used for sheltering, sleeping, and/or feeding of overnight guests, where each unit has independent outside access and where provision may be made for limited cooking in individual rooms. (See also "hotel" and "lodging facility, commercial.")

See "dwelling, multifamily."

For the purposes of this chapter, a multifamily housing development shall be defined as a residential development containing more than one multifamily dwelling structure or more than one single-family attached dwelling structure, or a combination thereof, on a single tract of ground.

Garbage, refuse, industrial lunchroom or office waste and other material, including solid, liquid, semi-solid, or contained gaseous material resulting from operation of residential, municipal, commercial or institutional establishments and from community activities; and sludge not meeting the definition of residual or hazardous waste as defined in the Pennsylvania Solid Waste Management Act from a municipal, commercial, or institutional water supply treatment plant, wastewater treatment plant, or air pollution control facility. The term does not include source-separated recyclable materials.

North Centre Township, Columbia County, Pennsylvania.

A retail store, shop or establishment of a limited scale designed to provide service to a local neighborhood and oriented to pedestrian or limited vehicular traffic, including general stores, antique or gift shops, personal service businesses, sandwich shops, cafes, garden shops, or similar types of operations.

The construction, reconstruction, renovation, repair, extension, expansion, alteration, location or relocation of a building (including mobile and manufactured homes), structure, and/or improvements (such as streets, utilities, etc.). For floodplain management purposes, the term shall pertain to structures for which the start of construction commenced on or after the date of the Township's first adopted floodplain management regulations, and includes any subsequent improvements to said construction.

A business or commercial activity administered or conducted as an accessory use in a residential dwelling located in a residential district which is clearly secondary to the use of the residence as a dwelling and which meets the no-impact criteria set forth in this chapter. (See § 27-431, Subsection 1A.)

A wind energy conversion system that is incidental and subordinate to another use on the same parcel and supplies electrical power solely for on-site use, which is intended primarily to reduce consumption of utility power at that location and not for resale.

A lot which does not conform to the minimum width, depth, or other dimensional requirements specified for the district in which it is located (Part 3), including those lots which existed prior to the enactment of this chapter. (See § 27-902 for applicable provisions.)

A structure or part of a structure not designed or built to comply with the use or extent of use provisions of this chapter, including those structures which lawfully existed prior to the enactment of this chapter or amendment. Such nonconforming structures include, but shall not be limited to, nonconforming signs. (See § 27-901 for applicable provisions.)

A use of a building or land which does not comply with the applicable use regulations (Part 3) of this chapter or amendment, including those uses which lawfully existed prior to the enactment of this chapter or amendment. (See § 27-901 for applicable provisions.)

Any landowner except those on whose property all or a portion of a wind energy facility is located pursuant to an agreement with the facility owner or operator.

Wireless communications facilities located on existing structures, such as, but not limited to, buildings, water towers, electrical transmission towers, utility poles, light poles, traffic signal poles, flag poles and other similar structures that do not require the installation of a new tower. This term includes the replacement of an existing structure with a similar structure that is required to support the weight of the proposed WCF.

A farm of 10 or more contiguous acres, or less than 10 contiguous acres if the farm has an anticipated annual gross income of at least $10,000. (See also "agriculture" and "farm.")

A private institutional establishment providing educational and child care services for children up to five years of age where tuition, fees, or other forms of compensation is charged for the service. For the purposes of this chapter, a nursery school may be a independent principal use or may be operated as an accessory use in conjunction with a church, day-care center, or other similar institutional establishment. (See also "day-care center.")

A state-licensed institutional establishment which provides full-time convalescent or skilled nursing and/or medical care. Such facilities shall not provide surgical, obstetrical, or other services generally provided by a hospital or medical center. (See also § 27-411 and "personal care home.")

Any wall, dam, wharf, embankment, levee, dike, pile, abutment, projection, excavation, channel rectification, culvert, building, wire, fence, stockpile, refuse, fill, structure or other matter in, along, across or projecting into any channel, watercourse or regulatory flood hazard area which may impede, retard or change the direction of water, either in itself or by catching or collecting debris carried downstream to the damage of life or property.

A residence, school, hospital, church, public library, commercial building or other building used for public gathering that is in use when the permit application is submitted.

A written, site-specific plan prepared by a state-certified odor management specialist identifying the practices, technologies, standards and strategies to be implemented to manage the impact of odors generated from concentrated animal operations (CAOs) or manure management facilities in accordance with the most-recent applicable governing regulations under the Pennsylvania Nutrient Management Program as set forth under Act 38 of 2005, as amended.[6]

See "loading space."

See "parking area" and "parking space."

See "professional office."

For the purposes of this chapter, an oil and gas operation shall be defined as the underground exploration for, and commercial extraction of, crude oil and natural gas. (See also § 27-436, Subsection 3.)

See "sewage facility, on-lot."

See "water system, on-lot."

Space not occupied by a structure, open to the sky, and on the same lot with the building or structure.

An optional technique for the residential development of a tract of ground which concentrates buildings in specific areas of a site in order to allow the remaining land to be used for recreation, open space, and the preservation of environmentally sensitive features; including steep slopes, wetlands, woodlands, valuable agricultural soils, etc. This approach to residential development of a site generally provides for the modification or reduction of minimum lot and yard requirements and/or an increase in the gross residential density of the tract where a minimum of 50% of the site is set aside as perpetual open space. The type and permissible density of dwelling units shall be as set forth in § 27-408 of this chapter.

The entity responsible for the day-to-day operation and maintenance of the wind energy facility.

See "recreation use, outdoor commercial."

For the purposes of this chapter, an outdoor cultural, religious, amusement or sporting event shall be defined as a temporary use, activity or event of short-term duration, such as a carnival, circus, fair, festival or other similar occurrence, excluding festivals or events with a duration of one day or less. (See also § 27-436, Subsection 1.)

A fenced-off area in which poultry or domestic waterfowl can be kept confined and get exercise.

See "lot."

A public, semi-public, or private park or park-type facility which provides outdoor recreational enjoyment and activity, either for free or on a fee basis. Such facilities may include tennis or basketball courts, baseball or other athletic fields, swimming, hiking and picnic areas, and playgrounds, and may also include buildings and accessory structures. Activities may be organized to include day camps, leagues, or other groups or may be strictly independent.

Any public or private land area designated and used for parking of vehicles including parking lots, garages, private driveways, or legally designated areas of public streets. For the purposes of this chapter however, parking areas shall be not include space on any street or other public way.

An off-street area on a lot or in a parking area, designed or used for the parking of one motor vehicle, having direct, usable access to a street or road. (See also Part 8.)

A landowner upon whose property all or a portion of a wind energy facility is located pursuant to an agreement with the facility owner or operator.

Ground with grass or other vegetation which is used for grazing by domesticated animals.

A principal use allowed in a zoning district, subject to the applicable district regulations, and approved by the Zoning Officer.

Individuals, corporations, companies, associations, joint-stock companies, firms, partnerships, limited-liability companies, corporations and other entities established pursuant to statutes of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, provided that "person" does not include or apply to the Township, or to any department or agency of the Township.

A state-licensed institutional facility providing supervised care services, including meals and less than full-time skilled or intermediate nursing care for individuals. For the purposes of this chapter, personal care homes may also be known as assisted living facilities. (See also § 27-411 and "nursing home.")

For the purposes of this chapter, a personal service business shall be defined as a small-scale retail business providing direct service or care to a patron or client, including, but need not limited to, a barber or beauty shop, a tailor or dressmaking shop, a music or art studio, upholstery or shoe repair facility, or similar establishment of a related nature.

A warehouse facility where separate storage spaces, of varying sizes, are available for lease or rental to the general public, usually on a self-service basis. For the purposes of this chapter, there shall be no residential occupancy of nor commercial sales conducted from such storage areas. (See also § 27-416.)

A wind turbine or turbines situated on a lot to provide wind energy to an individual home, office, business, industry or agricultural use located on the same lot. The wind energy generated by such turbine(s) is not to be provided or sold to others off-site in the power grid. All personal wind energy facilities shall follow the rules of net metering under the state policy. (See also "wind turbine" and § 27-434.)

The Planning Commission of North Centre Township, Columbia County, PA.

Land and/or greenhouses used to raise flowers, shrubs, trees and plants for sale.

Any building or structure, or portion thereof, used for the purpose of housing or storing police equipment, vehicles or gear. Such facilities may also include administrative offices, meeting rooms and other public service space.

See "swimming pool."

Domesticated birds kept for the eggs they produce, their meat, as school or youth organization projects or sometimes as pets. These birds are members of the super order Galloanserae (fowl), especially the order Galliformes, specifically chickens, quails and turkeys, and the family Anatidae, in order Anseriformes, commonly known as "waterfowl," specifically domestic ducks and domestic geese. Poultry also includes other birds that are killed for their meat, such as the young of pigeons (known as "squabs"), but does not include similar wild birds hunted for sport or food and known as "game," or the birds known as "ostrich" or "peafowl."

Any lot, parcel or tract of land and any building constructed thereon.

That portion of connected main highways located within the commonwealth as officially designated by the State or U.S. Departments of Transportation.

An area of land or other area used for a solar collection system principally used to capture solar energy, convert it to electrical energy or thermal power and supply electrical or thermal power primarily for off-site use. Principal solar energy systems consist of one or more freestanding ground- or roof-mounted solar collector devices, solar-related equipment and other accessory structures and buildings, including light reflectors, concentrators, and heat exchangers, substations, electrical infrastructure, transmission lines and other appurtenant structures.

See "use, principal."

For the purposes of this chapter, a profession shall be defined to include any occupation or vocation in which a professed knowledge of some department of science or learning is used by its practical application to the affairs of others, either advertising, guiding, or teaching them and in serving their interest or welfare in the practice of the art founded on it. The work implies attainment in professional knowledge as distinguished from mere skill and the application of such knowledge to use for others as a vocation. It requires knowledge of an advanced type in a given field of science or instruction and study.

The office of a member of a recognized profession including, but not limited to, a real estate or insurance agent, a physician or dentist, an attorney, accountant, architect, or engineer. A professional office may be considered a home occupation when conducted from a residence, by a member of the resident family and when the office is clearly secondary to the residential use of the dwelling.

A recorded boundary of a lot; provided however, that any property line that abuts a street or other public or quasi-public way shall be measured from the edge of the full right-of-way of such street or public way.

See "entertainment facility, public."

A formal meeting held pursuant to public notice by the Township Supervisors, Township Planning Commission, or Township Zoning Hearing Board, intended to inform and obtain public comment, prior to taking action in accordance with this chapter.

A forum held pursuant to notice under the Act of July 3, 1978, (P.L. 388, No. 84), known as the Sunshine Act.

Notice published once each week for two successive weeks in a newspaper of general circulation in the municipality. Such notice shall state the time and place of the hearing and the particular nature of the matter to be considered at the hearing. The first publication shall not be more than 30 days and the second publication shall not be less than seven days from the date of the hearing.

See "sewage facility" and "sewage system, community."

See "water facility" and "water system, public."

A commercial, outdoor recreation facility, including a golf course, golf driving range, a miniature golf course, campground or recreational vehicle park, ski area or resort, church or service-club affiliated camp, and similar facilities. (See also § 27-427.)

A vehicle which is: (A) Built on a single chassis; (B) Not more than 400 square feet, measured at the largest horizontal projections; (C) Designed to be self-propelled or permanently towable by a light-duty truck; and (D) Is not designed for use as a permanent dwelling but as temporary living quarters for recreational, camping, travel, or seasonal use. Such vehicles are permitted to be used in campground areas in the municipality or on private independent parcels. (See also § 27-426(, Subsection 1F.)

Any site upon which two or more recreational vehicles are, or are intended to be located. (See also § 27-427 and "campground.")

The flood that has been selected to serve as the basis upon which the floodplain management provisions of this chapter have been based; the one-hundred-year flood.

The one-hundred-year flood elevation.

Flood related damages sustained by a structure on two separate occasions during a ten-year period for which the cost of repairs at the time of each such flood event, on average, equals or exceeds 25% of the market value of the structure before the damages occurred.

The replacement of existing wireless communications facilities on an existing wireless support structure or within an existing equipment compound due to maintenance, repair or technological advancement with equipment composed of the same wind loading and structural loading that is substantially similar in size, weight and height as the wireless communications facilities initially installed and that does not substantially change the physical dimensions of the existing wireless support structure.

Any letter, review, memorandum, compilation or similar writing made by any body, board, officer or consultant other than a Solicitor to any body, board, officer or consultant for the purpose of assisting the recipient of such report in the rendering of any decision or determination. All reports shall be deemed recommendatory and advisory only and shall not be binding upon the recipient, board, officer, body or agency, nor shall any appeal lie therefrom. Any report used, received or considered by the body, board, officer or agency rendering a decision or determination shall be made available for inspection to the applicant and all other parties to any proceeding upon request, and copies therefrom shall be provided at cost of reproduction.

Area that is zoned by local authority to be residential including areas within RR Rural Residential District, SR Suburban Residential District, V Village District and open space residential developments.

Garbage, refuse, other discarded materials or other waste, including solid, liquid, semi-solid, or contained gaseous materials resulting from an industrial, mining, or agricultural water supply treatment facility, wastewater treatment facility, or air pollution control facility, if it is not hazardous. The term does not include coal refuse as defined in the Coal Refuse Disposal Control Act nor treatment sludges from coal mine drainage treatment plants, disposal of which is being carried on under and in compliance with a valid permit issued under the Clean Streams Act.

A retail establishment where food and drink is prepared and served, primarily within the principal building. In some instances, the food is consumed on-site and in other cases it is taken out.

A place of business engaged in selling goods and merchandise to the general public for personal or household use and rendering services incidental to the sale of such goods. (See also § 27-414 and "wholesale business.")

An establishment where horses are kept for riding, jumping, or showing for compensation or incidental to the operation of a club, association, ranch or similar group. (See also "stable.")

Any thoroughfare, whether public or private, located in whole or in part within North Centre Township. The word "road" may be used interchangeably with the word "street."

A temporary or permanent booth, stand or shelter located along a roadway (but off the road right-of-way) from which farm, plant nursery or greenhouse products primarily grown or raised on the premises are offered for sale to the general public. (See also § 27-419.)

A single-family, owner-occupied dwelling or part thereof where lodging is provided for a fee by the owner thereof. Such lodging shall be provided for no more than four persons unrelated to the owner and shall be for periods of time exceeding one week, whether or not arrangements are made for meals. (See also § 27-409.)

That portion of the wind turbine, i.e., blades and associated hub and shaft, which is intended to be moved or activated by the wind.

A business establishment equipped with machinery for cutting lumber or timber into boards.

An establishment or facility, or part thereof, which is designed, constructed, or used for public or private education or instruction in any branch of knowledge. For the purposes of this chapter, such facilities shall not include halfway homes or training facilities for delinquents, offenders, and other adjudicated individuals, nor other detentional facilities providing residential or "live-in" services. (See "institutional residence.")

The use of vegetative plants, such as trees or shrubs, as a barrier to visibility, glare and noise between adjacent properties. Such plantings shall adhere to the requirements of § 27-507, Subsection 1A, of this chapter and shall be broken only at points of vehicular or pedestrian access or utility easements.

The provision of a visual shield or barrier between adjacent properties, structures, or uses, which may consist of vegetative plantings or fences, or a combination thereof. (See also § 27-507.)

A permanent building or structure intended for occupancy less than 182 days of any calendar year, including buildings intended as camps, cottages, lodges, hunting cabins, vacation homes and similar seasonally used dwellings. (See also § 27-426.) (A recreational vehicle being proposed for use as a seasonal dwelling must meet the requirements of § 27-426, Subsection 1F.)

A zoning permit issued seasonally by the Zoning Officer which authorizes the placement of: (A) A temporary roadside stand; and (B) A recreational vehicle on an individual lot for more than 30 days in any calendar year. (See also § 27-1203, Subsection 11.)

The horizontal distance between a structure and a street line or property line. (See also "building setback line.")

Any sewer, sewage system, sewage treatment plant or parts thereof, designed, intended, or constructed for the collection, conveyance, treatment or disposal of liquid wastes, including industrial wastes.

Alternating changes in light intensity caused by a moving wind rotor blade casting shadows on the ground or stationary objects.

Any device, display or structure readily visible from public property and used primarily for visual communication for the purpose of, or having the result of, bringing the subject thereof to the attention of a person, group of persons, or the public generally. A sign includes, but is not limited to, any and all reading matter, letters, numerals, pictorial representations, emblems, trademarks, flags, banners, streamers, pennants, inscriptions, and patterns whether affixed to a building, painted or otherwise depicted on a building, or separate from any building and shall include window signs.

The entire face of a single side of a sign, including all advertising surface, trim and border area, but excluding all supporting framework or bracing.

The vertical distance measured from the average finished grade of the site beneath the sign to the highest point of the sign or sign structure, whichever is greater.

A grouping of multiple solar modules with the purpose of harvesting solar energy.

The smallest basic solar electric device which generates electricity when exposed to light.

A right, expressed as an easement, restriction, covenant, or condition contained in any deed, contract, or other written instrument executed by or on behalf of any landowner for the purpose of assuring adequate access to direct sunlight for solar energy systems.

Radiant energy (direct, diffuse and/or reflective) received from the sun.

A grouping of solar cells with the purpose of harvesting solar energy.

That part or portion of a solar energy system containing one or more receptive cells or modules, the purpose of which is to convert solar energy for use in space heating or cooling, for water heating and/or for electricity.

Items including a solar photovoltaic cell, module, panel, or array, or solar hot air or water collector device panels, lines, pumps, batteries, mounting brackets, framing and possibly foundations or other structures used for or intended to be used for collection of solar energy.

Any waste including, but not limited to, municipal, residual or hazardous wastes, including solid, liquid, semi-solid or contained gaseous materials.

A use permitted in a certain zoning district as provided for in the "District Regulations," Part 3, which must be approved by the Zoning Hearing Board as set forth in § 27-1002, Subsection 4, of this chapter. Special exception approval may not be granted for uses other than those expressly listed in Part 3, "District Regulations."

A building in which one or more horses are raised or boarded, whether or not for compensation, hire, or sale. (See also "riding academy.")

A person designated as such by the Pennsylvania State Conservation Commission based upon successful completion of training under the Odor Management Specialist Certification Program.

Camouflaging methods applied to wireless communications facilities and accessory equipment which render them more visually appealing or blend the proposed facility into the existing structure or visual backdrop in such a manner as to render it minimally visible to the casual observer. Such methods include, but are not limited to, architecturally screened roof-mounted antennas, building-mounted antennas painted to match the existing structure and facilities constructed to resemble trees, shrubs, and light poles.

See "warehousing facility."

For the purposes of this chapter, outdoor, unenclosed storage shall be defined as the accessory storage of materials, vehicles, equipment or other items of personal property on a lot occupied by the owner of the item(s). The unenclosed storage of products or equipment used in the performance of agricultural activities may however be permitted on a lot or land not occupied by the owner of the item(s). (See also § 27-435.)

That portion of a building included between the surface of any floor and the surface of the floor or ceiling next above it.

A story under a gable, hip or gambrel roof, the wall plates of which on at least two opposite exterior walls are not more than two feet above the floor of such story.

See "road."

The dividing line between the street right-of-way and the lot, also known as the right-of-way line.

Any change or adjustment made to a building affecting the overall area occupied by that structure or that will change the supporting members, bearing walls, beams, girders, or interior walls of the structure. Such alterations generally require zoning and building permits.

Any man-made object having an ascertainable stationary location on or in land or water, whether or not affixed to the land, including buildings, sheds, communications antennas and towers, fences and signs, but excluding poles, playground equipment, mailboxes, lawn ornaments and other similar objects. For floodplain management purposes, the term shall also include a gas or liquid storage tank that is principally above ground, as well as a mobile or manufactured home.

A place where a musician or artist does his work.

The division or redivision of a lot, tract or parcel of land by any means into two or more lots, tracts or parcels or other divisions of land including changes in existing lot lines for the purpose, whether immediate or future, of lease, partition by the court for distribution to heirs or devisees, transfer of ownership or building or lot development; provided, however, that the subdivision by lease of land for agricultural purposes into parcels of more than 10 acres, not involving any new street or easement of access or any residential dwelling, shall be exempted.

Damage of any origin sustained by a structure whereby the cost of restoring the structure to its before-damaged condition would equal or exceed 50% of the market value of the structure before the damage occurred.

Any reconstruction, rehabilitation, addition, or other improvement of a structure, the cost of which equals or exceeds 50% of the market value of the structure before the "start of construction" of the improvement. The term also includes structures which have incurred "substantial damage" or "repetitive loss" regardless of the actual work performed. The term does not however include either:

Any increase in the height of a wireless support structure by more than 10%, or by the height of one additional antenna array with separation from the nearest existing antenna not to exceed 20 feet, whichever is greater, except that the mounting of the proposed wireless communications facility may exceed the size limits set forth herein if necessary to avoid interference with existing antennas; or any further increase in the height of a wireless support structure which has already been extended by more than 10% of its originally approved height or by the height of one additional antenna array.

The Board of Supervisors of North Centre Township, Columbia County, Pennsylvania; the elected governing body of the municipality.

A body of water in an artificial container used or intended to be used for swimming by children and/or adults.

A non-permanent structure or building which is located on a lot for a specified duration. Some temporary structures may only be permitted for short periods of time, while others may be authorized for longer periods. (See also § 27-436.)

A short-term use or special activity including, but not limited to, carnivals, circuses, outdoor cultural, religious, amusement, or sporting events, or oil and gas operations. (See also § 27-436.)

A zoning permit authorized by the Zoning Officer for a non-permanent structure or use where such structure or use is deemed to be beneficial to the public health or general welfare or necessary to promote the proper development of the Township, or for temporary uses. (See § 27-1203, Subsection 10.)

That part of forestry which involves cutting down trees and removing logs from the forest for the primary purpose of sale or commercial processing into wood products. (See also "forestry" and § 27-421.)

Any structure that is used for the primary purpose of supporting one or more antennas, including, but not limited to, self-supporting lattice towers, guy towers and monopoles.

See "dwelling, single-family attached."

See "recreational vehicle."

The statewide building code adopted by the Pennsylvania General Assembly in 1999, applicable to new construction in all municipalities whether administered by the municipality, a third party, or the Pennsylvania Department of Labor and Industry. Applicable to residential and commercial buildings, the Code adopted the International Residential Code (IRC) and the International Building Code (IBC) of 2003 (or the latest edition thereof) by reference as the standard applicable to construction within the commonwealth, including floodplain construction.

The specific purpose or activity for which land or a building is designed, arranged, intended or for which it is or may be occupied or maintained.

Facilities, buildings and/or structures constructed and maintained by public utility companies, municipal or governmental agencies, or public service corporations, which are necessary for the provision of utility services to the general public. Such facilities shall include, but need not be limited to, electrical or telephone substations, water or sewage treatment plants, reservoirs, pump stations, or other similar facilities. For the purposes of this chapter however, utility supply facilities shall not include commercial communications antennas or towers nor wind, energy facilities. (See also "communications antennas, towers, and/or equipment buildings," "wind energy facilities," and §§ 27-428, 27-429, 27-430.)

A modification of the provisions of this chapter which the Zoning Hearing Board is permitted to grant when strict enforcement would cause undue hardship owing to circumstances unique to the individual property on which the variance is sought. (See § 27-1002, Subsection 1C, for additional details and criteria to be utilized when a variance is requested.)

See "clinic, veterinary."

A building used primarily for the storage of goods and materials, including facilities handling freight for a specific commercial or industrial operation, and those facilities available to the general public. (See also "personal storage warehouse.")

Any water works, water supply works, water distribution system or part thereof designed, intended or constructed to provide or distribute potable water.

Pennsylvania Wireless Broadband Collocation Act (53 P.S. § 11702.1 et seq.).

Areas that are inundated or saturated by surface water or ground water at a frequency and duration sufficient to support, and that under normal conditions do support, a prevalence of vegetation typically adapted for life in saturate soil conditions, including swamps, marshes, bogs, and similar areas. The term includes, but is not limited to, the U.S. Forest Service Wetlands Inventory of Pennsylvania, the Pennsylvania Coastal Zone Management Plan, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife National Wetlands Inventory, and a wetland area designated by a river basin commission.

An establishment or place of business primarily engaged in selling merchandise to retailers or to industrial, commercial, institutional, or professional business users, or to other wholesalers. (See also "retail establishment.")

A machine designed for the purpose of converting wind energy into electrical energy. (Commonly known as "wind turbine" or "windmill"). The term WECS shall be used interchangeably with the terms "wind turbine" or "windmill," with said terms having the same meaning as a wind energy conversion system ("WECS").[7]

The supporting structure of a wind turbine on which a rotor and accessory equipment are mounted.

A wind energy conversion system that converts wind energy into electricity through the use of wind turbine generator, and includes the nacelle, rotor, tower, and pad transformer, if any.

The distance measured from the surface of the wind tower foundation to the highest point of the turbine rotor plane.

An agricultural processing facility used for the commercial purpose of processing grapes, other fruit products, or vegetables to produce wine. Processing includes wholesale sales, crushing, fermenting, blending, aging, storage, bottling, administrative office functions for the winery and warehousing. Retail sales and tasting facilities of wine and related promotional items may be permitted as part of the winery operations. A winery may be operated upon a property that is independent of any agricultural operations.

Transmissions through the airwaves, including, but not limited to, infrared line of sight, cellular, PCS, microwave, satellite, or radio signals.

The antennas, nodes, control boxes, towers, poles, conduits, ducts, pedestals, electronics and other equipment used for the purpose of transmitting, receiving, distributing, providing, or accommodating wireless communications services.

Any person that applies for a wireless communication facility building permit, zoning approval and/or permission to use the public right-of-way (ROW) or other Township-owned land or property.

A freestanding structure, such as a tower-based wireless communications facility or any other support structure that could support the placement or installation of a wireless communications facility if approved by the Township.

An open space which lies on the same lot with a building or structure, unoccupied and unobstructed from the ground upward.

The Zoning Hearing Board of North Centre Township, Columbia County, Pennsylvania.

The Official Zoning Map of North Centre Township, Columbia County, Pennsylvania, together with all notations, references and amendments which may hereafter be enacted. Said map is made a part of this chapter as set forth in § 27-203.

The administrative officer duly appointed by the Township Supervisors and charged with the duty of enforcing the provisions of this chapter.

The permit required by this chapter which states the purpose for which a building, structure, or land is proposed to be used is in conformity with the use regulations, the dimensional requirements, and all other applicable provisions of this chapter.