A subdivision plat shall be designed to encourage good planning concepts and quality development patterns within the municipality and conform to the Master Plan and Official Map and the proposals and conditions shown thereon.

An application shall consider all existing local and regional plans for the surrounding communities.

Base the design of the development on a site analysis which investigates geology, topography, surface and ground water, depth to seasonal high water table, existing vegetation, structures, road networks, visual features, past and present use of the site, etc.

The following specific areas shall be preserved to the maximum extent consistent with the reasonable utilization of land, and in accordance with applicable Federal, State and local regulations:

The development shall be laid out to avoid adversely affecting ground water and aquifer recharge; to reduce cut and fill; to avoid unnecessary impervious cover; to prevent flooding; to provide adequate access to lots and sites; to protect scenic views; and to mitigate adverse effects of shadow, noise, odor, traffic, drainage, and utilities on neighboring properties.

To the extent consistent with the reasonable use of land, site design shall promote the conservation of energy through the use of planning practices designed to reduce energy consumption and to provide the maximum utilization of renewable energy sources. Where topography permits, encourage the placement of buildings and streets to maximize a southern orientation. Significant solar access to buildings and roads are possible with a maximum deviation of thirty (30) degrees of true south. Where possible, place roadways south of ridgelines.

Design and develop stormwater management techniques and storm drainage facilities as an integral part of the development, and arrange the design to use as much of the natural drainage as possible.

Use open space to reduce the perceived development density of subdivisions, to provide a buffer between land uses and to provide recreation and pedestrian circulation opportunities. The use of cluster subdivisions can furnish increased opportunities to provide open space buffers and to link adjacent open space areas.

Design all improvements to conform to the requirements of this Ordinance and the construction standards of the New Jersey Department of Transportation, and other standards as developed by the Township Engineer and on file with the Township Clerk.

Residential developments may be arranged in conventional, cluster, or a combination of designs as permitted by Ordinance, taking into account topography, privacy, building height, orientation, drainage, and aesthetics in placement of units with usable private outdoor space where appropriate and practical.

Space buildings so that adequate privacy, light and air is provided for units.

Avoid direct vehicular access to residential lots from major arterial and arterial roads.

Where permitted, cluster development shall be encouraged as a means of protecting the character of the Township, environmentally sensitive areas, and open space.

Increased building setbacks along arterials, secondary arterials and residential collectors should be provided in cluster developments to minimize the visual impacts of groups of housing. This setback should be sufficient to maintain a roadway's existing vegetated character or, if needed, to provide for the introduction of a suitable buffer planting.

Separate residential clusters with existing vegetation and open space to create distinct neighborhoods and open space areas in proximity of all clusters. Where possible, cluster developments should be linked via pedestrian pathways through open space areas.

Commercial and industrial developments shall consider topography, avoidance of environmentally sensitive areas, drainage, groundwater pollution, aquifer recharge, impervious surface coverage, noise, odor, surrounding land uses, access, impacts on off-site improvements, and the buffering of adverse impacts.

Provide appropriate stormwater management, grading and drainage.

Development shall promote a unified streetscape, signage, landscape and architectural style.

The road system shall be designed to permit the safe, efficient and orderly movement of traffic; to organize and define communities and their neighborhoods; to meet, but not exceed the needs of the present and future population served; to have a simple and logical pattern; to respect natural features and topography; to present an attractive streetscape; and to comply with New Jersey State Department of Transportation and County design standards.

In residential subdivisions, the road system shall be designed to serve the needs of the neighborhood and to discourage use by through traffic.

Streets shall be designed in a hierarchical system including residential access, residential collector, secondary arterial, arterial and major arterial road systems.

The pedestrian system shall be located as required for safety. In conventional developments, sidewalks shall be placed parallel to the street, with exceptions permitted to preserve natural features or to provide visual interest. In planned developments, walks may be placed away from the road system, but where appropriate, may also be required parallel to the street.

Pedestrian circulation systems shall be integrated into subdivisions and site plans and provide links between residences, recreation areas, neighborhood schools, commercial areas, houses of worship, parking areas and public facilities.

The exterior appearance of a residential or nonresidential building shall compliment the character of existing development within the surrounding area. This is especially important when a new building is constructed within or adjacent to a historic district. New development shall relate to the surrounding environment with regard to: height, scale, massing, directional expression, setback, sense of entry, roof shapes, rhythm of openings, rhythm of solid to voids and building materials; rhythm of spacing of buildings on streets; rhythm of entrance/porch projections; textures, color and exterior features. The use of different textures, complimentary colors, detailing and contrasting shapes to create an appealing facade is strongly encouraged. The use of single colors and blank walls is discouraged. Where applicable, encourage the preservation of existing historic structures on redevelopment sites to protect the scenic character of an area.

New structures shall relate to the natural terrain.

Each phase of a phased development project shall be able to stand alone as architecturally and visually complete.

Provide landscaping in public areas, on recreation sites, adjacent to buildings, to screen parking areas, mitigate adverse impacts, and provide windbreaks for winter winds and summer cooling for buildings, streets, and parking.

Select plant or other landscaping material that will best serve the intended function, and use landscape materials appropriate for local soil conditions, water availability and other environmental factors.

Vary the type and amount of landscaping with the type of development and accent site entrances with special landscape treatment.

Consider the impact of any proposed landscape plan at various time intervals. Avoid the placement of plants within sight triangles that will eventually obstruct sight distances.

Each phase of a development shall be able to stand alone considering infrastructure, grading, and drainage so that if subsequent phases are not completed, each completed phase will be self-sufficient.

In reviewing an application for development, the Planning Board, Zoning Board of Adjustment or Administrative Officer shall ascertain compliance with the following general requirements:

The application shall conform to design standards that will encourage sound development patterns within the Township. If a master plan or the Official Map provides for the reservation of designated streets, public drainage ways, flood control basins, or public areas within the proposed development, before approving a subdivision or site plan, the Planning Board may further require that such streets, ways, basins or areas be shown on the plat for a period of one (1) year after the approval of the final plat or within such further time as may be agreed to by the developer. Unless during such period or extension thereof the municipality shall have entered into a contract to purchase or institute condemnation proceedings according to law for the fee or a lesser interest in the land comprising such streets, ways, basins or areas, the developer shall not be bound by such reservations shown on the plat and may proceed to use such land for private use in accordance with applicable development regulations. The provisions of this Section shall not apply to streets and roads, flood control basins or public drainageways necessitated by the subdivision or land development and required for final approval.

The developer shall be entitled to just compensation for actual loss found to be caused by such temporary reservation and deprivation of use. In such instance, unless a lesser amount has previously been mutually agreed upon, just compensation shall be deemed to be the fair market value of an option to purchase the land reserved for the period of reservation; provided that determination of such fair market value shall include, but not be limited to, consideration of the real property taxes apportioned to the land reserved and prorated for the period of reservation. The developer shall be compensated for the reasonable increased cost of legal, engineering, or other professional services incurred in connection with obtaining subdivision approval or site plan approval, as the case may be, caused by the reservation. The municipality shall provide by ordinance for a procedure for the payment of all compensation payable under this Section.

The applicant shall observe the requirements and principles of land subdivision in the design of each subdivision or portion thereof, as set forth in this chapter.

To the extent consistent with the reasonable utilization of land, site design shall promote the conservation of energy through the use of planning practices designed to reduce energy consumption and to provide for maximum utilization of renewable energy and natural resources.

No development shall have a name which will duplicate, or so nearly duplicate as to be confused with the names of existing developments. All development names shall be approved by the Planning Board.

Block length and width or acreage within bounding roads shall be such as to accommodate the size of lot required by the zoning ordinance and to provide for convenient access, circulation control and safety of street traffic.

In blocks over one thousand (1,000) feet long, pedestrian walks extending from street to street and suitably paved may be required in locations deemed necessary by the Planning Board.

Blocks shall not be in excess of one thousand two hundred (1,200) feet unless the Planning Board, at its discretion, believes such requirement to be contrary to the best interests of the Township.

For commercial, group-housing, or industrial uses, block size shall be sufficient to meet all area and yard requirements for such use.

Where there is a question as to the suitability of a lot or lots for their intended use due to factors such as rock formation, poor drainage conditions, flood conditions, steep slopes, wetlands, inadequate sewage disposal, inadequate water supply or similar circumstances, the Planning Board, after adequate investigation, may withhold approval of such lots or require that such lots be enlarged to provide for an adequate usable yard area in which to mitigate negative conditions.

Lot dimensions and area shall conform to the requirements of the zoning ordinance. Where extra right-of-way width has been dedicated for widening of streets, lots shall begin at such extra width line, and all setbacks shall be measured from such line. Lot area shall be measured excluding proposed rights-of-way.

Insofar as is practical, side lot lines shall be at right angles to straight streets, and radial to curved streets.

No lot within a residential subdivision may directly access or exclusively abut major arterial or arterial roads.

Every lot shall have access that is sufficient to afford a reasonable means of ingress and egress for emergency vehicles as well as for all those likely to need or desire access to the property in its intended use.

In the case of corner lots, or lots which run through from one street to another, yard areas facing each street shall be considered as front yards and shall conform to the minimum frontage and front yard requirements for the particular zone. Each corner lot shall have one rear yard and one side yard as determined by the Board.

Flag lots are prohibited except as permitted as a conditional use in the R-R, RR-5, and R-1 Districts.

All preliminary and final major subdivision plats and all minor subdivision plans and approving resolutions for residential developments shall note that, for each building lot, the rear of the principal building, exclusive of attached decks, must be located not less than eight (8) feet from the rear yard setback line along at least half the width of the rear setback line, in order to allow adequate space for the addition of decks attached to the principal building without encroaching upon the rear yard setback.

Lots shall be graded so that the surface waters will flow unimpeded to the street or to any system of drainage designed to convey the surface waters away from the lots and the development so as to prevent the collection of surface water on the lots.

Elevations of lots adjacent to abutting properties shall not be altered to create a slope greater than 3:1 unless a retaining wall is installed. Retaining walls constructed within ten (10) feet of any property line shall not exceed five (5) feet in height and shall be constructed as required by the Planning Board.

All lots shall be graded, subject to the approval of the Township Engineer. Where deemed appropriate by the Township Engineer, individual lot grading and drainage plans, including seepage pits, may be required.

Grading shall be designed in accordance with the standards established in Section 13-8.3, Soil Erosion and Sediment Control Standards.

Only those trees necessary to permit construction of streets, driveways and dwellings and other authorized structures shall be removed.

Utility and drainage easements shall be of sufficient width as determined by the Township Engineer to accommodate the facilities including access for maintenance, but in no case less than twenty (20) feet. Building setback requirements shall be a minimum of five (5) feet from the edge of such easements.

Where a site is traversed by a watercourse, drainageways, channel or stream, there shall be provided an easement or right-of-way conforming substantially with the lines of such watercourse and such width or construction, or both, as will be deemed adequate by the Planning Board.

Where feasible, easements for utility and drainage installation within individual lots shall be located along property lines.

Internal grading of a lot as by swale, berm, or other topographical feature designed to intercept and direct stormwater shall be described in the deed in such a way as to give notice to future owners of said property and ensure continued maintenance of the drainage features. Disturbance of these features shall be restricted by deed.

All easements shall be shown on the plat and described in the deed and shall be clearly labeled and dimensioned to permit accurate location of easement limits.

The subdivider shall provide for sight easements at street intersections and/or at curves or deflection points on streets in order to allow for proper sight distance, wherever it shall be deemed necessary by the Board pursuant to Section 13-8.607.

Each soil erosion and sediment control plan shall contain the following data:

Each soil erosion and sediment control plan shall conform to the following general design principles:

All necessary soil erosion and sediment control measures installed under this Section shall be adequately maintained after completion of the approved plan until such measures are approved by the Township Engineer. Prior to the acceptance of the work performed in accordance with the approved plan, provision shall be made by the applicant for a maintenance guarantee pursuant to Section 13-4.3.

Regular inspection of projects to determine execution in accordance with the approved plan shall be carried out by the Township Engineer. The Township Engineer shall determine at each inspection whether or not the provisions of the approved plan are being followed by the applicant. The Township Engineer shall request immediate compliance with the approved plan. The Township Engineer may issue a stop-construction order if the applicant fails to comply with the provisions of the approved plan within five (5) working days. When a stop-construction order is issued, no further construction activity may take place until the applicant is in compliance with all provisions of the approved plan. The Building Inspector or Zoning Officer shall not issue a Certificate of Occupancy for a project unless there has been compliance with the provisions of an approved plan for permanent measures. The Township Engineer shall provide the Building Inspector or Zoning Officer with a report of compliance upon completion of the project.

Certain words, terms and phrases which relate directly to soil erosion and sediment control shall have the following meanings:

Policy Statement.

Purpose. To protect the public health, safety and welfare of the citizens of the Township of Roxbury and the surrounding communities by establishing minimum stormwater management requirements and controls for "major and minor developments," as defined in subsection 13-8.401. These provisions are deemed necessary and essential in order to:

Applicability.

Compatibility with other permit and ordinance requirements. Development approvals issued pursuant to this ordinance are to be considered an integral part of development approvals and do not relieve the applicant of the responsibility to secure required permits or approvals for activities regulated by any other applicable code, rule, act, or ordinance. In their interpretation and application, the provisions of this ordinance shall be held to be the minimum requirements for the promotion of the public health, safety, and general welfare. This ordinance is not intended to interfere with, abrogate, or annul any other ordinances, rule or regulation, statute, or other provision of law except that, where any provision of this ordinance imposes restrictions different from those imposed by any other ordinance, rule or regulation, or other provision of law, the more restrictive provisions or higher standards shall control.

Review and approval. The Board's consideration of applications may be guided by, but not limited to, the following factors:

Stormwater management measures for major development shall be designed to provide erosion control, groundwater recharge, stormwater runoff quantity control, and stormwater runoff quality treatment as follows:

The standards in this ordinance apply to new major and minor development and are intended to minimize the impact of stormwater runoff on water quality and water quantity in receiving water bodies and maintain groundwater recharge. The standards do not apply to new major development to the extent that alternative design and performance standards are applicable under a regional stormwater management plan or Water Quality Management Plan adopted in accordance with Department rules provided that any alternative standards shall provide at least as much protection from stormwater-related loss for groundwater recharge, stormwater quantity and water quality impacts of major development projects as would be provided under the standards in N.J.A.C. 7:8-5.

Waivers and exceptions.

The development shall incorporate a maintenance plan for the stormwater management measures incorporated into the design of a major development in accordance with subsection 13-8.409. Minor development projects shall comply with the Quantity Reduction and Groundwater Recharge requirements of this Ordinance.

Stormwater management measures shall avoid adverse impacts of concentrated flow on habitat for threatened and endangered species as documented in the Department's Landscape Project or Natural Heritage Database established under N.J.S.A. 13:1B-15.147 through 15.150, particularly Helonias bullata (swamp pink) and/or Clemmys muhlenbergii (bog turtle).

The following linear development projects are exempt from the groundwater recharge, stormwater runoff quality, and stormwater runoff quantity requirements of subsection 13-8.403P, Q and R:

A waiver from strict compliance from the green infrastructure, groundwater recharge, stormwater runoff quality, and stormwater runoff quantity requirements of subsection 13-8.403O, P, Q and R may be obtained for the enlargement of an existing public roadway or railroad; or the construction or enlargement of a public pedestrian access, provided that the following conditions are met:

Tables 1 through 3 below summarize the ability of stormwater best management practices identified and described in the New Jersey Stormwater Best Management Practices Manual to satisfy the green infrastructure, groundwater recharge, stormwater runoff quality and stormwater runoff quantity standards specified in subsection 13-8.403O, P, Q and R. When designed in accordance with the most current version of the New Jersey Stormwater Best Management Practices Manual, the stormwater management measures found at N.J.A.C. 7:8-5.2(f) Tables 5-1, 5-2 and 5-3 and listed below in Tables 1, 2 and 3 are presumed to be capable of providing stormwater controls for the design and performance standards as outlined in the tables below. Upon amendments of the New Jersey Stormwater Best Management Practices to reflect additions or deletions of BMPs meeting these standards, or changes in the presumed performance of BMPs designed in accordance with the New Jersey Stormwater BMP Manual, the Department shall publish in the New Jersey Registers a notice of administrative change revising the applicable table. The most current version of the BMP Manual can be found on the Department's website at:

https://dep.nj.gov/stormwater/bmp-manual/.

Where the BMP tables in the NJ Stormwater Management Rule are different due to updates or amendments with the tables in this ordinance the BMP Tables in the Stormwater Management rule at N.J.A.C. 7:8-5.2(f) shall take precedence.

An alternative stormwater management measure, alternative removal rate, and/or alternative method to calculate the removal rate may be used if the design engineer demonstrates the capability of the proposed alternative stormwater management measure and/or the validity of the alternative rate or method to the municipality. A copy of any approved alternative stormwater management measure, alternative removal rate, and/or alternative method to calculate the removal rate shall be provided to the Department in accordance with subsection 13-8.403B. Alternative stormwater management measures may be used to satisfy the requirements at subsection 13-8.403O only if the measures meet the definition of green infrastructure at subsection 13-8.401. Alternative stormwater management measures that function in a similar manner to a BMP listed at subsection 13-8.403O2 are subject to the contributory drainage area limitation specified at subsection 13-8.403O2 for that similarly functioning BMP. Alternative stormwater management measures approved in accordance with this subsection that do not function in a similar manner to any BMP listed at subsection 13-8.403O2 shall have a contributory drainage area less than or equal to 2.5 acres, except for alternative stormwater management measures that function similarly to cisterns, grass swales, green roofs, standard constructed wetlands, vegetative filter strips, and wet ponds, which are not subject to a contributory drainage area limitation. Alternative measures that function similarly to standard constructed wetlands or wet ponds shall not be used for compliance with the stormwater runoff quality standard unless a variance in accordance with N.J.A.C. 7:8-4.6 or a waiver from strict compliance in accordance with subsection 13-8.403D is granted from subsection 13-8.403O.

Whenever the stormwater management design includes one or more BMPs that will infiltrate stormwater into subsoil, the design engineer shall assess the hydraulic impact on the groundwater table and design the site, so as to avoid adverse hydraulic impacts. Potential adverse hydraulic impacts include, but are not limited to, exacerbating a naturally or seasonally high water table, so as to cause surficial ponding, flooding of basements, or interference with the proper operation of subsurface sewage disposal systems or other subsurface structures within the zone of influence of the groundwater mound, or interference with the proper functioning of the stormwater management measure itself.

Design standards for stormwater management measures are as follows:

Manufactured treatment devices may be used to meet the requirements of this subchapter, provided the pollutant removal rates are verified by the New Jersey Corporation for Advanced Technology and certified by the Department. Manufactured treatment devices that do not meet the definition of green infrastructure at subsection 13-8.401 may be used only under the circumstances described at subsection 13-8.403O4.

Any application for a new agricultural development that meets the definition of major development at subsection 13-8.401 shall be submitted to the Soil Conservation District for review and approval in accordance with the requirements at subsections 13-8.403O, P, Q and R and any applicable Soil Conservation District guidelines for stormwater runoff quantity and erosion control. For purposes of this subsection, "agricultural development" means land uses normally associated with the production of food, fiber, and livestock for sale. Such uses do not include the development of land for the processing or sale of food and the manufacture of agriculturally related products.

If there is more than one drainage area, the groundwater recharge, stormwater runoff quality, and stormwater runoff quantity standards at subsection 13-8.403P, Q and R shall be met in each drainage area, unless the runoff from the drainage areas converge onsite and no adverse environmental impact would occur as a result of compliance with any one or more of the individual standards being determined utilizing a weighted average of the results achieved for that individual standard across the affected drainage areas.

Any stormwater management measure authorized under the municipal stormwater management plan or ordinance shall be reflected in a deed notice recorded in the Office of the County Clerk. A form of deed notice shall be submitted to the municipality for approval prior to filing. The deed notice shall contain a description of the stormwater management measure(s) used to meet the green infrastructure, groundwater recharge, stormwater runoff quality, and stormwater runoff quantity standards at subsection 13-8.403O, P, Q and R and shall identify the location of the stormwater management measure(s) in NAD 1983 State Plane New Jersey FIPS 2900 US Feet or Latitude and Longitude in decimal degrees. The deed notice shall also reference the maintenance plan required to be recorded upon the deed pursuant to subsection 13-8.409B5. Prior to the commencement of construction, proof that the above required deed notice has been filed shall be submitted to the municipality. Proof that the required information has been recorded on the deed shall be in the form of either a copy of the complete recorded document or a receipt from the clerk or other proof of recordation provided by the recording office. However, if the initial proof provided to the municipality is not a copy of the complete recorded document, a copy of the complete recorded document shall be provided to the municipality within 180 calendar days of the authorization granted by the municipality.

A stormwater management measure approved under the municipal stormwater management plan or ordinance may be altered or replaced with the approval of the municipality, if the municipality determines that the proposed alteration or replacement meets the design and performance standards pursuant to subsection 13-8.403 of this ordinance and provides the same level of stormwater management as the previously approved stormwater management measure that is being altered or replaced. If an alteration or replacement is approved, a revised deed notice shall be submitted to the municipality for approval and subsequently recorded with the Office of the County Clerk and shall contain a description and location of the stormwater management measure, as well as reference to the maintenance plan, in accordance with paragraph M above. Prior to the commencement of construction, proof that the above required deed notice has been filed shall be submitted to the municipality in accordance with paragraph M above.

Green Infrastructure Standards.

Groundwater Recharge Standards.

Stormwater Runoff Quality Standards.

Stormwater Runoff Quantity Standards.

Stormwater runoff shall be calculated in accordance with the following:

Groundwater recharge may be calculated in accordance with the following:

The New Jersey Geological Survey Report GSR-32: A Method for Evaluating Groundwater-Recharge Areas in New Jersey, incorporated herein by reference as amended and supplemented. Information regarding the methodology is available from the New Jersey Stormwater Best Management Practices Manual; at the New Jersey Geological Survey website at:

https://www.nj.gov/dep/njgs/pricelst/gsreport/gsr32.pdf

or at New Jersey Geological and Water Survey, 29 Arctic Parkway, PO Box 420 Mail Code 29-01, Trenton, New Jersey 08625-0420.

The precipitation depths of the current two-, ten-, and 100-year storm events shall be determined by multiplying the values determined in accordance with paragraphs C1 and 2 below:

Table 6: Future Precipitation Change Factors provided below sets forth the change factors to be used in determining the projected two-, ten-, and 100-year storm events for use in this chapter, which are organized alphabetically by county. The precipitation depth of the projected two-, ten-, and 100-year storm events of a site shall be determined by multiplying the precipitation depth of the two-, ten-, and 100-year storm events determined from the National Weather Service's Atlas 14 Point Precipitation Frequency Estimates pursuant to paragraph C1 above, by the change factor in the table below, in accordance with the county or counties where the drainage area(s) of the site is located. Where the major development and/or its drainage area lies in more than one county, the precipitation values shall be adjusted according to the percentage of the drainage area in each county. Alternately, separate rainfall totals can be developed for each county using the values in the table below.

Technical guidance for stormwater management measures can be found in the documents listed below, which are available to download from the Department's website at:

https://dep.nj.gov/stormwater/bmp-manual/.

Submissions required for review by the Department should be mailed to:

The Division of Watershed Protection and Restoration, New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection, Mail Code 501-02A, PO Box 420, Trenton, New Jersey 08625-0420.

Site design features identified under subsection 13-8.403F above, or alternative designs in accordance with subsection 13-8.403G above, to prevent discharge of trash and debris from drainage systems shall comply with the following standard to control passage of solid and floatable materials through storm drain inlets. For purposes of this paragraph, "solid and floatable materials" means sediment, debris, trash, and other floating, suspended, or settleable solids. For exemptions to this standard see subsection 13-8.406A2 below.

This section sets forth requirements to protect public safety through the proper design and operation of stormwater management BMPs. This section applies to any new stormwater management BMP.

The provisions of this section are not intended to preempt more stringent municipal or county safety requirements for new or existing stormwater management BMPs. Municipal and county stormwater management plans and ordinances may, pursuant to their authority, require existing stormwater management BMPs to be retrofitted to meet one or more of the safety standards in subsection 13-8.407C1, subsection 13-8.407C2, and subsection 13-8.407C3 for trash racks, overflow grates, and escape provisions at outlet structures.

Requirements for trash racks, overflow grates and escape provisions.

Variance or Exemption from Safety Standard. A variance or exemption from the safety standards for stormwater management BMPs may be granted only upon a written finding by the municipality that the variance or exemption will not constitute a threat to public safety.

Safety Ledge Illustration.

Major Development Submissions.

Minor Development Submissions.

Applicability. Projects subject to review as in subsection 13-8.400C of this ordinance shall comply with the requirements of subsection 13-8.409B and subsection 13-8.409C.

General maintenance.

Nothing in this subsection shall preclude the municipality in which the major development is located from requiring the posting of a performance or maintenance guarantee in accordance with N.J.S.A. 40:55D-53.

Minimum fine of $100 or a maximum fine of $1,000 for each day the violation exists.

All electric, telephone and cable television lines shall be installed underground except as noted below.

Single family minor subdivisions and single family dwellings on existing single family lots are both exempt from this requirement if adjoining lots on the same side of the street have existing overhead service connections.

Lots which abut existing streets where overhead electric or telephone distribution lines have been installed, which poles are not to be relocated, may be supplied with electric and telephone service from such overhead lines or extensions thereof but the service connections to the structure from the overhead lines shall be installed underground.

The applicant shall arrange with the serving utility for the underground installation of utility supply lines and service connections in accordance with the provisions of the applicable standard terms and conditions incorporated as part of its tariff as are on file with the State of New Jersey Board of Public Utility Commissioners. Where required, the applicant shall also submit to the Planning Board prior to the granting of preliminary approval a written instrument from each serving utility that service will be provided.

Except as crossings required for system distribution and individual services, public utilities shall be routed within the road right-of-way.

Utility easements shall be located along property lines.

All work in connection with the installation of underground utilities within the street right-of-way shall be completed sufficiently in advance of the construction of curbs, pavement, sidewalks and other surface installations to allow for complete settlement and compaction by approved methods of all trenches and other excavations. In no case shall any construction work be permitted over any excavation which in the opinion of the Township Engineer has not completely settled or been properly compacted.

All uses and lots shall be properly connected with an approved functioning sanitary sewer system that is adequate to accommodate the reasonable needs of such a use or lot prior to the issuance of a Certificate of Occupancy. The design and installation shall be adequate to handle all present and probable future development. Plans and specifications shall be submitted for approval by the Township.

If a public sewer system is not in place or cannot be extended, then a community disposal system may be provided where approved by the Planning Board, Township Health Department; Township Engineer and applicable State statutes. Individual septic systems shall be consistent with the latest NJDEP approved Wastewater Management Plan.

All proposals for new public sewer systems or extensions to existing public sewer systems or the installation of "dry lines" or the use of individual subsurface or community disposal systems shall comply with the requirements of the Township of Roxbury Health Department, Engineering Department, Public Works Department and applicable State statues.

Before the Planning Board considers any minor subdivision, the Health Officer shall have approved each lot as capable of proper sewage disposal, either by being connectable to the public sewage disposal system or by use of some other approved method pursuant to local and State regulation.

Capacity allocation by the Roxbury Township Utility Committee or Director of Public Works, as applicable, and authorization by the Governing Body shall be obtained as a condition of approval.

If a public sanitary sewer system will be provided to the area within a six-year period as indicated in the municipal sewer master plan, Official Map, or other official document, the municipality may require installation of a capped system (mains, only) within the road right-of-way; or alternatively the municipality may require a payment in lieu of the improvement. Capped sanitary sewers shall be allowed only in areas indicated for sewer service in that of New Jersey Statewide Water Quality Management (WQM) Plans and where permitted by the NJDEP through sewer connection approval.

System Planning, Design, and Placement.

Prior to the issuance of a Certificate of Occupancy, every principal use and every lot shall be provided with an approved and functioning water supply system that is adequate to accommodate the reasonable needs of such use or lot. The design and installation shall be adequate to handle all present and probable future development.

Subdivisions shall provide for the installation of water mains, fire hydrants, valves and connections to each lot. Said water mains shall be connected to an established water supply system that will adequately serve anticipated needs; or in lieu thereof, the subdivider shall establish a new water supply system of sufficient capacity and adequate storage facilities to serve anticipated needs.

Fire protection shall be furnished for any development connected to a community water supply system. The domestic demand and fire demand shall be included in the total system demand.

All proposals for new public community water supplies or extensions to existing public water systems or the installation of dry lines, or use of wells and other water sources shall comply with the requirements of the Township of Roxbury Health Department and applicable State statutes.

If a public water supply system will be provided to the area within a six-year period as indicated in the municipal water master plan, Official Map, or other official document, a municipality may require installation of a capped system or "dry lines" (mains only) within the road right-of-way; or alternatively, a municipality may require a payment in lieu of the improvement.

All proposals for new public community water supplies or extensions to existing public community water supply systems that either: (1) include fifty (50) or more service connections, (2) generate a demand of more than six thousand (6,000) gallons per day, or (3) are more than one thousand five hundred (1500) feet in length, must receive a permit from the Bureau of Safe Drinking Water in the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection, prior to the construction and use of water supply facilities.

Capacity.

Fire Hydrants.

Water Supply - System Design and Placement.

Pipe Size.

Pipe Materials. Pipe materials used in the construction of water mains shall be cement lined ductile iron, pre-stressed concrete cylinder pipe. All pipe and appurtenances shall comply with the latest applicable American Water Works Association (AWWA) Standards.

The above improvements shall be subject to the inspection and approval of the Township Engineer or his duly authorized representative who shall be notified by registered mail by the applicant at least seventy-two (72) hours in advance of the time of each phase of construction.

No underground installation shall be covered until inspected and approved.

Prior to requesting any inspections, the applicant shall deposit with the Township Financial Officer, a fee in the form of cash to cover the cost of construction inspection in subdivisions, site plans and infrastructure which the Township will be responsible for operation and/or maintenance.

No trenches shall be left open overnight without adequate protection as required by the Township Engineer.

All underground improvements installed in a Township right-of-way shall be required to be permitted pursuant to Chapter 11.

Major Arterial - Highest road classification. The primary function is to serve as an interregional road conveying traffic between centers. Access is limited.

Arterial - Interconnects and augments the major arterial system and serves as interregional road. Accommodates trips of shorter lengths. Operating speeds and service levels are lower than major arterials.

Secondary Arterial - Primary function is to carry through traffic from municipality to municipality and distribute traffic between residential access (local) streets and the arterial system.

Residential Collector - Primary function is to carry traffic between arterial and residential access streets.

Residential Access (local) - Lowest road classification. Provides frontage for access to lots and carries traffic having destination or origin on the street itself. Designed to carry the least amount of traffic at the lowest speed.

Right-of-way and cartway widths shall conform to the corresponding street classification subject to the approval of the Planning Board and Township Engineer:

Reduced right-of-way and pavement widths may be determined by the Planning Board and Township Engineer based upon the nature of adjoining streets, topography, steep slopes, density, type of development, road frontage and the presence or absence of curbs and on-street parking. The widths enumerated above may be increased in special cases where, because of traffic volumes, steep grades or other such reasons, the Planning Board and Township Engineer determine that such action is necessary.

Site plans or subdivisions that adjoin or include existing streets that do not conform to widths as shown on the Master Plan or Official Map or the street width requirements of this chapter shall dedicate additional width along either one (1) or both sides of said road. If the subdivision is along one (1) side only, one-half (1/2) of the required extra width shall be dedicated. Additionally, that portion of the existing street or road adjoining or included within a site plan or major subdivision shall be improved by the developer, including excavation, grading, base courses and surfacing in accordance with the road improvement standards of this Ordinance.

The right-of-way and pavement widths for internal roads within multi-family, commercial and industrial developments shall be determined on an individual basis, and shall in all cases be of sufficient width and design to safely accommodate traffic, parking, loading, school buses, snow plows, garbage trucks and provide maximum access for fire fighting equipment.

The arrangement of streets shall conform to the circulation plan element of the Master Plan or Official Map for Roxbury Township.

For streets not shown on the Master Plan or Official Map, the arrangement shall provide for the appropriate extension of existing streets.

Residential access (local) streets shall be arranged to discourage through traffic and provide for maximum privacy.

The right-of-way width shall be measured from lot line to lot line and shall not be less than fifty (50) feet or as designated in Section 13-8.602. The right-of-way shall be sufficiently wide to contain the cartway, curbs, shoulders, sidewalk, graded areas, utilities and street trees.

The right-of-way width of a new street that is a continuation of an existing street shall in no case be continued at a width less than the existing street.

Subdivisions abutting State and/or County highways may be required to provide access by way of a residential access road in conjunction with reverse frontage lots.

Future road connections and/or road right-of-way dedications may be required by the Planning Board to develop a coherent street plan within the Township.

In addition to frontage improvements, the Planning Board may require the construction of safety improvements required by the proposed development as identified by the Township Engineer.

In no case shall street grades be greater than ten (10%) percent or less than one (1%) percent, except that the Planning Board, at its discretion, may approve grades in excess of ten (10%) percent or less than one (1%) percent where warranted by existing topography.

Horizontal and vertical curves shall be of such radius and length respectively to obtain reasonable and safe sight distances for the anticipated traffic speed. Horizontal curves shall generally have a minimum centerline radius of three hundred (300) feet which may be reduced to no less than one hundred (100) feet for residential access streets at the discretion of the Planning Board. Horizontal and vertical alignments shall generally conform with standards of the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. (AASHTO)

All changes in grade shall be connected by vertical curves of sufficient length to provide a smooth transition and proper sight distance in accordance with recognized AASHTO standards.

A tangent of at least two hundred (200) feet shall be introduced between reverse curves on all streets, except those classified as residential collector and residential access streets.

Street jogs with center line offsets of less than one hundred fifty (150) feet are prohibited.

Four-way street signs conforming to the standards of Roxbury shall be placed at each intersection. No street shall have a name which will duplicate, or so nearly duplicate as to be confused with, the names of existing streets. The continuation of an existing street shall have the same name. All street names shall be approved by the Governing Body.

Traffic signs and pavement markings complying with the Manual on Uniform Traffic Devices, latest edition, shall be provided to enhance the safety of motorists and pedestrians.

Boulevard landscape islands shall be permitted by the Planning Board when it is determined that such islands can safely accommodate emergency vehicles and an organization is established to properly maintain the islands. Heavy landscaping with low maintenance plants shall be provided. Vegetation exceeding a mature height of thirty (30) inches shall be prohibited along the perimeter of the landscape island.

Culs-de-sac shall provide access to no more than twenty (20) single-family units. The length of a cul-de-sac shall be measured from the center line of the intersecting through street along the center line to the radius point of the cul-de-sac turnaround. Where appropriate for safety purposes, the Board may require mid-point turnarounds and/or enhanced fire protection measures.

Cul-de-sac turnarounds shall be provided with a minimum outside cartway radius of not less than forty (40) feet and a right side tangent is preferred. A cul-de-sac right-of-way shall have a diameter of no less than one hundred (100) feet.

Cul-de-sac landscape islands shall be permitted by the Planning Board when it is determined that such islands can safely accommodate emergency vehicles and an organization is established to properly maintain the islands. Heavy landscaping with low maintenance plants shall be provided. Vegetation exceeding a mature height of thirty (30) inches shall be prohibited along the perimeter of the landscape island.

Dead end streets without turnarounds are prohibited.

Streets designed for future extension or future road connections shall be constructed prior to the receipt of final subdivision approval.

Temporary culs-de-sac are prohibited except as required during phasing of a major subdivision. Temporary culs-de-sac may be permitted by the Board only when such cul-de-sac is required to insure adequate safety. Temporary culs-de-sac shall be constructed only on dedicated municipal right-of-way.

Construction Drawings. Road Plans and Profiles shall be submitted to the Township Engineer as a part of preliminary approval. In general, the horizontal scale for plan and profile shall be 1"=30'. The vertical scale of the profile shall be 1"=5'. The profile shall be shown directly under the plan and if the space on the sheet permits it, two sections of plan and profile may be shown on the same sheet. Drawings are to be on 24" x 36" or 30" x 42" sheets. Before the plans are prepared in their final form the Township Engineer will, if so requested, examine them and advise as to their acceptability, or as to such changes, if any, that should be made in order to make them conform to the requirements of the Township. The plans of the road shall show the center line, right-of-way lines, stations of beginnings and ends of curves, curve data, elevations, fifty (50) feet station points, equations of stationing, streams, roads and railroads on or near the right-of-way, poles, trees, buildings and other obstructions within the right-of-way, houses, and building within twenty-five (25) feet of the right-of-way, property division lines and names of owners. All construction under streets such as water lines, storm sewers, etc. shall be shown on both plan and profile. Six (6) copies of the approved plans shall be filed with the Township Engineer.

Subgrade. All topsoil and other unsuitable material shall be stripped from the proposed subgrade. The subgrade when completed shall be true to the lines and grades given on the plan. After subgrade has been shaped correctly, it shall be brought to a firm unyielding surface by rolling the entire area with a power roller weighing not less than ten (10) tons, or other approved methods. All soft and spongy places shall be excavated and refilled solidly with broken stone, gravel, suitable fill or sand. All loose rock or boulders shall be removed or broken off six (6) inches below the subgrade surface. All stumps shall be removed in their entirety. This shall be done before completing the rolling of the entire surface of the subgrade. Subsurface drainage shall be provided where necessary. The Township may require certification of the subgrade by a qualified soils engineer prior to the placement of materials. All materials placed in the roadway shall conform to the current edition of the NJDOT Standard Specifications for Road and Bridge Construction.

Fills. Embankments shall be formed of suitable materials placed in successive layers, not more than twelve (12) inches depth prior to compaction, for the full width of the cross section and shall be compacted by distributing the necessary hauling uniformly over each succeeding layer, or by rolling with a ten (10) ton three wheel power roller or other approved methods. Stumps, trees, rubbish or any other unsuitable materials or substance shall not be placed in the fill.

Grading. The entire street right-of-way of all new streets shall be graded, and in addition, in those areas where the right-of-way is on fill, the grading shall be extended two feet beyond the right-of-way on either side as necessary; and a maximum slope with a ratio of 3:1 shall be established except where it is in rock, in which case the slope can be graded according to standard practice. Variation from this requirement may be permitted at the discretion of the Township Engineer.

Pavements. The pavements shall be constructed to the following finished cross section:

General. All material, workmanship and the manner of performing any and all work under these specifications shall be equivalent to the requirements of the New Jersey State Department of Transportation Standard Specifications and Supplements thereto for Bridge and Road Construction and shall meet the Township Engineer's approval.

Inspection. The work shall be inspected throughout the course of construction by the Township Engineer or his representative. The Township Engineer shall be notified ten (10) days before any work is started.

Easements. Easements of a width sufficient to allow proper maintenance shall be provided for the outletting of all drains, pipe lines, etc., to streams, existing storm drains or other drainage courses. These easements shall be granted to the Township by approved legal procedure.

Drainage. Adequate provisions shall be made for the drainage of all roads which shall be approved by the Township Engineer.

All new roads or streets connecting to a Township road shall be located to afford maximum safety to traffic at the intersection.

Street intersections shall be laid out as nearly at right angles as is possible and in no case shall be less than 75 degrees. The block corners of intersections shall be rounded at the property line with a curve radius of not less than twenty-five (25) feet for residential access streets, thirty (30) feet for residential collector streets and thirty-five (35) feet for secondary arterials. Approaches to all intersections shall follow a straight line for at least one-hundred (100) feet.

Street intersections involving residential collector streets and secondary arterials shall have a grade (either ascending or descending) of not more than three (3%) percent for a distance of not less than fifty (50) feet from the near curb line on the intersecting street. Residential access streets shall not have a grade of more than five (5%) percent for a distance of not less than fifty (50) feet from the near curb line of the intersecting street.

Use of "T" intersections in subdivisions shall be encouraged.

Intersections shall be offset a minimum of one hundred fifty (150) feet between centerlines.

Design of intersections with State or County roads shall be governed by the appropriate agency having jurisdiction.

Four-way street signs conforming to the standards of the Township of Roxbury shall be placed at each intersection.

"T" intersections shall be designed to avoid road centerline alignment with existing homes on the other side of the intersection.

A minimum sight triangle easement of thirty (30) feet by one hundred (100) feet, measured along intersecting right-of-way lines with the 30 foot dimension located along the street of lowest order, shall be provided at all intersections or as indicated by the type of road classification based on the current recognized AASHTO standards for intersection design. All sight triangle easements shall be approved by the Township Engineer.

Sight triangle easements shall be dedicated to the Township of Roxbury.

Within the required sight triangle easement there shall be no obstruction (such as embankments, fences, walls, hedges or other objects) over thirty (30) inches in height above the street pavement. All corners on the new streets shall be cleared of obstructions in the manner and to the limits described.

Street trees are permitted within sight easements; however, branches occurring between the ground and seven (7) feet above grade shall be pruned prior to the release of the maintenance bond. Shrubs are permitted within sight easements but shall not exceed a mature height of thirty (30) inches.

Curbs shall be required on both sides of all streets. Granite block curbs shall be used on all streets unless otherwise mandated by State and County agencies or as permitted by the Board.

In recognition of the unique characteristics of land within the RR and RR-5 Rural Residential Districts, the Board may allow mountable granite block curb set in concrete footing with mortar joints where the applicant can clearly demonstrate that the property in question lends itself to this modification.

Depressed curb ramps shall be provided for the handicapped at all intersections and where sidewalks intersect curbs. Handicap ramps shall be installed in accordance with State and Federal laws.

Curbs shall be installed as shown on the drawings to line and elevation.

Construction of all curbs shall conform to current NJDOT Standards and Specifications for Road and Bridge Construction, Section 605 and supplements thereto and shall meet the Township Engineer's approval.

Concrete curbs are to be six (6) inches wide at the top and nine (9) inches wide at bottom and twenty (20) inches deep, (6" exposed - 14" buried). The batter shall be on the front face and the back face shall be vertical. All concrete curbs are to consist of air-entrained Class "B" concrete.

Granite block and belgian block curbs shall be installed as follows:

The work shall be inspected throughout the course of construction by the Township Engineer or his representative. The Township Engineer shall be notified ten (10) days before any work is started.

Sidewalks shall be provided on both sides of all streets, except residential access roads, where the Planning Board determines sidewalks on one side of a street are adequate to service the pedestrian circulation to and from the development. Sidewalks may be required elsewhere when the Planning Board determines them necessary to provide pedestrian connections between residential areas and neighborhood schools, churches, commercial areas, other such facilities and probable future development.

Sidewalks within the Rural Residential Districts (RR and RR-5) may be waived by the Board along residential access roads when the applicant can clearly demonstrate that the property in question lends itself to this modification.

Sidewalks shall be placed parallel to the street within the right-of-way no closer than five and one-half (5.5) feet from the edge of the curb. The Planning Board may permit exceptions to sidewalk placement to preserve existing vegetation, topographical or other natural features, or to provide visual interest, or where the applicant proves to the Board's satisfaction that an alternative pedestrian system provides safe and convenient circulation.

Sidewalks shall measure a minimum four (4) foot width; wider widths may be necessary near pedestrian generators and employment centers. Where sidewalks abut the curb the width shall be five (5) feet. Where cars overhang the sidewalk the minimum width shall be six (6) feet.

In planned developments sidewalks may be located away from the road system to link dwelling units with other dwelling units, the street and on-site activity centers such as parking and recreational areas. They may also be required parallel to the street for safety and other reasons.

Pedestrian way easements (ten (10) feet wide) may be required by the Planning Board through blocks more than one thousand (1,000) feet long to provide circulation or access to schools, playgrounds, shopping or other community facilities.

See Section 13-8.702I for additional sidewalk standards.

Sidewalks shall be constructed true to the lines, grades and dimensions shown on the plans and Township details.

Subgrade. The site shall be cleared, stripped of top soil and vegetation and rough graded. Material in the subgrade shall be excavated and replaced by broken stone, gravel or other suitable material. The contractor shall fine grade the subgrade of the sidewalk area smooth and even and roll with a tandem roller weighing not less than three (3) tons as directed by the Township Engineer. The sidewalk shall be brought to the prescribed line, grade and dimensions.

Concrete Sidewalks. The concrete shall be Class "B" and shall meet "New Jersey State Department of Transportation Standard Specifications for Road and Bridge Construction" and amendments thereto with the following proportions to be used which must be approved by the Township Engineer.

Forms. Wood or metal forms shall be used for the construction of concrete sidewalks and braced at proper intervals as directed by the Township Engineer on each side of the sidewalk in order to maintain a true and straight edge on said walk. Damaged or crooked forms shall not be used.

Grading. After the forms have been removed the earth shall be graded on each side of the sidewalk in a finished and workmanlike manner and rolled as directed by the Township Engineer from the curb to the property line.

Line and Grade Information. Where no curb grade, or curb or sidewalk lines have previously been established on an accepted Township street, road, etc., application must be made to the Township Engineer for the necessary information.

Grading Unpaved Area. The unpaved area between the curb line and the adjacent edge of the sidewalk pavement shall be graded so that it has a uniform slope from the pavement edge toward the curb line of not less than one-quarter (1/4) inch, nor more than one-half (1/2) inch per foot, except by permission of the Township Engineer. There shall be 6 inches of screened top soil and seed between the curb and sidewalk and sidewalk and the property line.

Curing. All concrete shall be protected from dehydration by use of mats or suitable material. These mats shall be kept wet during the curing period or by use of approved curing compounds.

Seasonal Conditions. As the weather and freezing conditions from November 15 to March 15 are unpredictable, any construction of roads, sidewalks and driveway approaches during the above mentioned time shall be permitted only by approval of the Township Engineer. He shall permit such construction only if weather and/or soil conditions permit. Normally, permanent construction during this period of the year is not permitted, and all construction is subject to reinspection and replacement if required.

Driveways shall not be located where visibility is limited due to horizontal and vertical curves, topography and other features.

One driveway is permitted per residential lot with less than one hundred fifty (150) feet of frontage and no more than two driveways with frontage one hundred fifty (150) feet and greater.

Residential driveways shall be paved and have a minimum ten (10) feet width. Multi-family two-way driveways shall have a minimum twenty-four (24) foot width. The Board may grant relief for a gravel driveway where the length is excessive, it is in character with the surrounding area and will be paved a minimum of twenty (20) feet from the cartway. The paved driveway section shall consist of an approved compacted subgrade, a four (4) inch thick compacted base course, consisting of dense graded aggregate, and a two (2) inch thick bituminous concrete surface course. The gravel driveway section shall consist of an approved compacted subgrade, and a compacted six (6) inch thick layer of three-quarter (3/4) inch clean stone. Block pavers shall not be permitted within the Township right-of-way.

The edge of pavement for a residential driveway or edge of curb for a nonresidential driveway shall be located no closer than twenty-five (25) feet to the curb or pavement-return of a street intersection.

Maximum residential driveway grades shall not exceed six (6%) percent within twenty-five (25) feet of the right-of-way line and fifteen (15%) percent elsewhere.

Residential driveways shall be set back a minimum of five (5) feet from the side and rear property lines.

On-site driveway turnarounds are required for residential lots accessing arterials and secondary arterials. Turnarounds may be required at the discretion of the Planning Board on lots accessing residential collectors and residential access roads dependent upon visibility of oncoming traffic, horizontal and vertical curves, topography and traffic volume.

Subdivision proposals shall locate all driveways associated with proposed lots.

Proposed driveways shall be separated a minimum of fifty (50) feet measured along the right-of-way line from edge of driveway to edge of driveway within the subject property.

Nonresidential and multi-family driveways (excluding duplex) shall be set back a minimum of ten (10) feet from the side and rear property lines.

Nonresidential driveways shall be paved.

No curb cut or driveway installation may extend past a line projected from the adjoining property line at a right angle to the street centerline.

Driveway access shall favor lower order streets.

A permit shall be required for the installation of all driveway approaches not subject to a site plan or subdivision approval. Application for such permit shall be made to the Township Engineer and shall be accompanied by a fee payable to the Township of Roxbury. A driveway approach is deemed to be that area extending from the property line to the paved street. The existing gutter and sidewalk shall at all times during and after construction be maintained at the same grade and line. If a change in line and grade for the sidewalk or gutter is desired, the approval of the Township Engineer is required.

Driveway openings in culs-de-sac may not exceed a width of twelve (12) feet so that there may be sufficient area to accommodate snow removal.

If deemed appropriate by the approving Board, nonresidential and residential driveways shall be constructed with a concrete apron extending from the drop curb to property line or proposed sidewalk.

Each off-street parking area hereinafter created within the Township of Roxbury shall be subject to the approval of the Planning Board or Zoning Board to insure its adequacy to provide for traffic safety, to provide ingress and egress for emergency vehicles and to protect adjacent properties. Off-street parking areas consisting of four (4) or fewer new parking spaces that are in compliance with Article VIII are exempt from site plan but require a zoning permit and approval by the Township Engineer.

Ingress and egress drives including access to off-street parking in non-residential zones shall be so designed that traffic is not routed through a residential zone.

Off-street parking shall be provided and maintained as specified herein and shall be surfaced with an asphalt, bituminous or cement binder pavement which shall be graded and drained to dispose of all surface water as required by the Township Engineer. Minimum grade across the parking lot shall be one (1%) percent and minimum grade along the curb shall be three-quarters (0.75%) percent.

For nonresidential uses and multi-family developments, parking areas and access drives shall be enclosed by a concrete, granite, or belgian block curb six inches above the paved surface. The type of curb shall be determined by the Board; however, belgian block curb shall be utilized where a paved area is adjacent to vegetated or other pervious surface areas. Bollards are not permitted as a substitute curbing.

No residential building permit (excluding multi-family) shall be granted for the erection of a new dwelling nor a Certificate of Occupancy issued unless the construction includes a garage for at least one (1) but not more than three (3) motor vehicles."

Existing dwellings having multiple-space garage, carport or approved shelter capability, to the extent such capability is required to meet subsection 13-8.701A, off-street parking requirements, must continue this capability. Existing dwellings having single-space garage, carport or approved shelter capability must continue this capability. Subject to the foregoing requirements, an existing garage may be replaced on site with either an attached or detached garage, but an existing garage may not be replaced by carport, shelter or outside parking space(s). All off-street parking space(s), including those located in garages, carports and approved shelters, shall be dimensioned at not less than nine (9) feet by eighteen (18) feet.

For residential developments, off-street parking shall be provided as set forth in Exhibit 1.

For nonresidential developments, off-street parking shall be provided as set forth in Exhibit 2.

Alternative off-street parking standards to those shown in Exhibit 1 and Exhibit 2 shall be permitted at the discretion of the Planning Board or Zoning Board of Adjustment if the applicant demonstrates in a written analysis that these standards better reflect local conditions. In such case a landscaped area shall be reserved, that can readily be converted to off-street parking should the condition allowing fewer spaces ever change.

Any change or alteration of a use which increases the parking requirements beyond the capacity of available on-site parking shall require site plan approval by the Planning Board.

A one (1) car garage and driveway combination shall count as two (2) off-street parking spaces, provided the driveway measures a minimum of twenty-five (25) feet in length between the face of the garage door and the road right-of-way. A two (2) car garage and driveway combination shall count as four (4) off-street parking spaces provided the minimum width of the driveway is twenty (20) feet and its minimum length is as specified above for a one (1) car garage.

For developments determined by the Planning Board as mixed-use developments, a shared parking approach to the provision of off-street parking shall be permitted at the discretion of the Planning Board or Zoning Board, dependent upon a written analysis.

Where the total number of off-street parking spaces required may not be immediately required for a particular use, a banked parking/staged development plan may be permitted which requires that only a portion of the parking area be constructed subject to the following regulations:

Each off-street parking space shall measure nine (9) feet in width by eighteen (18) feet in length. Parking spaces shall have a ten (10) foot width in parking lots where shopping carts will be utilized. On-site parallel parking spaces shall measure eight (8) feet by twenty-four (24) feet.

Parking spaces for the physically handicapped shall be provided at appropriate locations and in conformance with the requirements of the Americans with Disabilities Act.

Off-street parking areas shall be oriented to and within a reasonable walking distance of the buildings they are designed to serve.

Access to parking lots shall be designed so as not to obstruct free flow of traffic. There shall be adequate provision for ingress to and egress from all parking spaces to ensure ease of mobility, ample clearance, and safety of vehicles and pedestrians.

Two-way traffic aisles shall be a minimum width of twenty-four (24) feet. The width of all aisles providing direct access to individual parking stalls shall be in accordance with the following requirements:

Parking areas in commercial or industrial zones may be located in the required front, side or rear yard, but shall be placed a minimum of twenty (20) feet from the right-of-way and front property line, and ten (10) feet from the side and rear property lines unless otherwise stated in the Ordinance.

Access drives shall be located at least ten feet from any side or rear property line.

Off-street parking areas and traffic aisles shall not be closer than six (6) feet to any building.

Curbed pedestrian sidewalks, not less than six (6) feet wide shall be provided along the length of any building wall which contains public entrance or exit ways. Said walks shall be at least six (6) inches higher than the abutting paved parking area. Sidewalks with a minimum ten (10) foot width shall be provided along the front building wall of a shopping center which contains public entrance or exit ways. A diminished width may be permitted by the approving Board to accommodate benches, trash receptacles and/or ash urns. Curb cuts shall be provided at appropriate locations so that handicapped persons may gain access from parking areas onto sidewalks. In addition, the Planning Board or Zoning Board of Adjustment, at its discretion, may require increased sidewalk widths and the installation of pedestrian walkways within any curbed islands that are required.

A minimum sidewalk width of six (6) feet is required where parked vehicles overhang or extend over the sidewalk.

All off-street parking spaces, driveways, aisles and pedestrian walkways shall be clearly and legibly marked within the parking lot. Hairpin striping shall be required at the discretion of the Planning Board or Zoning Board of Adjustment. Hairpin striping shall consist of two (2) stripes located no farther than twelve (12) inches on center.

Traffic signs and pavement markings, complying with the Manual on Uniform Traffic Devices, latest edition, shall be provided to enhance the safety of motorists and pedestrians.

Where feasible, parking areas for individual nonresidential uses shall be designed to be interconnected with adjacent properties and shall utilize common entrance(s) and exit(s) to minimize the disruption to traffic flow, reduce access points to adjacent roadways and reduce conflicts with pedestrian traffic.

Nine (9) foot wide curbed planting end islands shall be placed at the end of each parking bay. Each end island abutting a parking stall shall contain a two and one-half (2-1/2) inch to three (3) inch caliper shade tree.

Nine (9) foot wide curbed planting islands containing shade trees shall be required to separate any parking bay exceeding twenty (20) spaces in a row. At the Board's discretion, seven (7) foot by seven (7) foot curbed planting diamonds containing shade trees may be considered if the overall effect exceeds that which would be created by standard planting islands.

Where practical, large parking lots in excess of one hundred (100) vehicles shall be subdivided into modules utilizing continuous curbed planting islands of a minimum ten (10) foot width located perpendicular to the parking stalls.

Parking areas shall be suitably landscaped to minimize noise, glare and other nuisance characteristics as well as to improve the environment of the site and surrounding area in accordance with Section 13-8.8.

Parking spaces may be on, above or below the surface of the ground. When parking spaces are provided within a garage or other structure, said structure shall adhere to the principal building setbacks.

All off-street parking areas required by this chapter shall be used exclusively for the parking of automobiles. No commercial repair work or sales of any kind shall be conducted in any parking area.

For every building or part thereof, which is to be occupied by manufacturing, storage, goods display, retail store, wholesale store or warehouse, market, hospital, or other use similarly requiring the receipt or distribution in vehicles of materials or merchandise, there shall be provided and maintained on the same premises with such building one off-street loading space measuring fifteen (15) feet x sixty (60) feet with a fourteen (14) foot clearance above grade. At the discretion of the Planning Board, a smaller loading space may be permitted if justified by the applicant based upon the type of use and type and frequency of vehicles servicing the facility.

Office buildings shall provide an appropriate location(s) within any yard area for parcel delivery and pick-up in a manner that will not negatively impact internal traffic flow.

Additional loading and unloading spaces may be necessary and required dependent upon the specific activity.

Off-street loading shall be permitted in the side and/or rear yard but in no case shall it be located closer than fifteen (15) feet to a property line. There shall be no loading or unloading within the street. Off-street loading within the front yard is prohibited.

Registered commercial vehicles may park overnight in a residential zone in accordance with the following restrictions and limitations:

The parking of house trailers and recreational vehicles displaying a current State license and/or registration in a residential zone for a period longer than forty-eight (48) hours during any calendar month is prohibited, except that the prohibition shall not extend to two (2) recreational vehicles owned by the residents of the property within a residential district, if garaged or if parked no closer to the side or rear property line than the required side or rear yard accessory setback.

At no time shall recreational equipment parked or stored on any lot be used for living, sleeping or housekeeping purposes.

All developments shall provide for adequate disposal of solid waste and provisions for handling recyclable materials.

For nonresidential uses and multi-family developments there shall be at least one (1) location for trash disposal and recyclable material situated either within a building or within the side or rear yard. Solid waste and recycling storage areas shall be set back a minimum of ten (10) feet from adjoining property lines and are prohibited within the front yard.

For any development proposal of fifty (50) or more single-family detached dwelling units, or twenty-five (25) or more units of multi-family dwellings, and for any commercial or industrial development proposal for the utilization of one thousand (1,000) square feet or more of land, the location and number of recycling containers, and the collection and disposition of recyclables must be provided for and approved of by the Board.

Exterior trash and recyclable containers shall be fully screened with a gated enclosure constructed of board on board fence, decorative masonry wall, or similar material. For board on board enclosures, the distance between opposite boards separated by a rail/beam shall not exceed two (2) inches. A one (1) inch overlap of opposite boards shall be provided. The enclosure shall not exceed a six (6) foot height and shall be buffered from within the site and from adjoining properties and streets with plant material.

Adequate access shall be provided to a solid waste and recycling storage facility. In addition to the foregoing requirements, developments involving a retail and/or restaurant use shall depict a banked trash/recycling enclosure, which shall be constructed upon notification by the Zoning Officer.

Rooftop mechanical equipment shall be architecturally screened in a manner compatible with the building architecture.

A lighting plan prepared by a qualified individual shall be provided with major subdivision and site plan applications.

Street lighting of a type supplied by or approved by the utility and of a type and number approved by the Planning Board shall be provided for all street intersections, arterials, secondary arterials, residential collectors, residential access streets and at the terminus of cul-de-sac roads as deemed necessary for safety reasons. Additional lighting shall be provided based upon street and site design and degrees of horizontal and vertical curves. The developer shall arrange for the provision of street lights, at his expense, under the requirements of "contribution fixtures", as established by the Board by Public Utilities Commissioners Tariff No. 6 Electric Part No. 3 effective 4/25/83. The developer shall also provide for the installation of underground service for street lighting at his cost.

Lighting shall be provided within nonresidential and multi-family developments at building entrances, parking areas, driveways, major walkways and loading areas.

The lighting plan shall show the proposed light intensity at ground level indicated where 0.5 footcandles occur. Dimensioned manufacturer's lighting details and specifications including footcandle distributions shall be provided. For nonresidential uses the light lens shall be flush with the fixture housing and parallel to the ground; however, deviations shall be permitted by the Board where an alternative fixture is considered an attractive upgrade. Canopy lights associated with nonresidential uses shall have the light lens flush with the canopy ceiling. All lights shall be concealed source nonglare lighting and shall be focused downward so that the direct source of light is not visible from adjoining streets or properties. No light shall shine into building windows nor onto streets and driveways so as to interfere with or distract driver vision. Adjustable fixture housings are prohibited.

Lighting shall be provided by fixtures with a mounting height not more than eighteen (18) feet or the height of the building, whichever is less, measured from the ground level to the centerline of the light source. For shopping malls in the B-3 District, the Planning Board may deviate from this standard to a maximum of thirty (30) feet based upon the scale of the development and proximity to adjoining land uses.

For nonresidential development, the light intensity at ground level shall average 0.5 foot candles; however, variations are permitted depending upon the intensity of the use. Light intensity shall not exceed 0.3 foot candles along any property line and shall be so arranged and shielded to reflect the light away from adjoining streets or properties; however, this regulation shall not apply to lights used at driveway entrances and exits.

Freestanding lights within parking areas shall be protected to avoid being damaged by vehicles. Freestanding lights at the perimeter of parking lots shall be aligned with parking stall striping and located a minimum of two and one-half (2-1/2) feet from the edge of curb. Exposed concrete light foundations shall not exceed two (2) inches above grade or six (6) inches above grade when located within a lawn area.

The style of any light or light standard within nonresidential and multi-family developments shall be consistent with the architectural style of the principal building and, where appropriate, the architectural character of the surrounding area.

With the exception of street lights, light fixtures attached to utility poles within the road right-of-way shall be concealed source "shoe box" fixtures. Adjustable or tilting fixtures are prohibited.

Any other outdoor lighting such as building and sidewalk illumination, the lighting of signs and ornamental lighting, shall be shown on the lighting plan, in the form of manufacturers details and specifications to allow a determination of effects upon adjacent properties, traffic safety and overhead sky glow.

To achieve the above requirements, the intensity of light sources, light shielding and similar characteristics shall be subject to site plan approval.

Landscaping shall be provided as part of site plan and subdivision design. It shall be conceived in a total pattern throughout the site, integrating the various elements of site design, preserving and enhancing the particular identity of the site and creating a pleasing site character.

The design standards contained herein are minimum requirements. The Township may request additional development features exceeding these standards if conditions warrant.

A landscape plan prepared by a landscape architect, certified by the New Jersey State Board of Landscape Architects, or other qualified individual, shall be submitted with each major site plan or major subdivision application. The landscape plan shall include the following information:

Landscaping shall be provided in public areas, within recreation sites, to accentuate buildings, to enhance driveway entrances, to screen parking and loading areas, mitigate adverse impacts and to improve climate control by providing windbreaks for winter winds and summer cooling of buildings, streets and parking lots.

Plant and other landscaping material shall be selected with regard to aesthetic and functional considerations: Aesthetic - create visual diversity and contrast through variation in size, shape, texture and color. Functional -selection of plants in terms of susceptibility to disease and insect damage, wind and ice damage, habitat (wet-site, drought, sun and shade tolerance), soil conditions, growth rate, longevity, root pattern, maintenance requirements, etc.

Landscaping may include plant materials such as trees, shrubs, ground cover, perennials, and annuals.

Proposed. landscaping should be considered at various growth intervals. Shrubs may eventually block sight distances and windows or encroach upon roads and sidewalks.

All plant materials, planting practices and specifications shall be in accordance with the "American Standard for Nursery Stock" promulgated by the American Association of Nurserymen Standards.

Topsoil Preservation. No topsoil shall be removed from the site or used as fill. Topsoil moved during the course of construction shall be redistributed on all regraded surfaces so as to provide at least six (6) inches of even cover to all disturbed areas of the development and shall be stabilized by seeding or planting. Additional topsoil shall be provided as directed by the Township Engineer.

Removal of Debris. All stumps and other tree parts, litter, brush, weeds, excess or scrap building materials, or other debris shall be removed from the site and disposed of in accordance with the law. No tree stumps, portions of tree trunks or limbs shall be buried anywhere in the development. All dead or dying trees, either standing or fallen, shall be removed from the site if not restricted by conservation easements.

Slope Plantings. The area of all cuts and fills and/or terraces shall be landscaped to prevent erosion, and all roadway slopes steeper than one (1) foot vertically to three (3) feet horizontally shall be planted with ground covers appropriate for the purpose and soil conditions, water availability and environment.

Additional Landscaping. In residential developments, besides the required screening and street trees, additional plantings or landscaping elements may be required throughout the subdivision where necessary for climate control, privacy, or for aesthetic reasons in accordance with a planting plan approved by the appropriate Board and taking into consideration cost constraints. In nonresidential developments, all areas of the site not occupied by buildings and required improvements shall be landscaped by the planting of grass or other ground cover, shrubs, trees, or other landscape material as part of a site plan approved by the appropriate Board.

Plant Species. The plant species selected shall be hardy for the particular climatic zone in which the development is located and appropriate in terms of function and size.

Sight Triangles. Landscaping within sight triangles shall not exceed a mature height of thirty (30) inches. Shade trees shall be permitted within site triangles but located forty (40) feet from the intersecting curbline and pruned up to a seven (7) foot branching height above grade.

Landscaped Berms. The minimum top width of a landscaped berm shall be four (4) feet.

Any area not used for buildings, structures or paved areas shall be planted with an all-season ground cover or lawn and other landscape materials as approved by the appropriate Board.

Street trees shall be required for any subdivision, site plan or expansion of existing uses.

Location. Street trees (2 1/2—3" caliper) shall be installed within the right-of-way between the sidewalk and curb on both sides of all streets. The spacing of street trees shall be no farther than forty (40) feet on center.

The street lawn (area between sidewalk and curb) shall be tilled to a minimum depth of eighteen (18) inches. Tyar biobarriers or approved equivalent shall be installed along the sidewalk face for a distance of fifteen (15) feet to prevent sidewalk upheaval by tree roots.

Street Tree Type. Tree type may vary depending on the overall effect desired. Depending upon the length of the road, more than one type shall be provided to create biodiversity and reduce the problems associated with a monoculture planting.

Trees shall be planted in groupings of similar varieties. Trees of similar form, height, and character along a roadway shall be used to promote uniformity and allow for a smooth visual transition between species.

Tree selection shall be based upon on-site conditions and tree suitability to those conditions.

Deciduous shade trees shall have at least a two and one-half (2-1/2) to three (3) inch caliper measured six (6) inches above the ground surface and a straight central leader up to a seven (7) foot height at the time of installation. Size of evergreens and shrubs shall be allowed to vary depending on setting and type of shrub however, no evergreen tree shall be less than five (5) feet high. Only plant materials following the standards established by the American Association of Nurserymen shall be accepted. Trees shall be nursery-grown, free of disease, substantially uniform in size and shape, and have straight trunks.

Trees shall be properly planted and firmly supported with two (2) or three (3) guy wires attached to stakes. Pieces of rubber hose shall be used under the wires where they are attached to the trees. Wires and stakes shall be removed by the applicant after one (1) year.

Provisions shall be made to accommodate the watering of landscaping through an irrigation system and/or hose bibs adequate to service the site. Dead or dying trees shall be replaced by the applicant during the planting season.

All plant material shall be guaranteed by the landscape contractor for a minimum period of one (1) year to replace dead or dying plants.

Landscaped buffers are areas provided to create a year-round visual screen and minimize adverse impacts or nuisances on a site from adjacent properties and streets. Buffering may consist of fencing, evergreens, shade trees, ornamental trees, shrubs, berms, boulders, mounds, or combinations thereof to achieve the stated objectives.

Where required, buffers shall be measured from property lines and street right-of-ways. Compliance shall be determined by the Planning Board or Zoning Board at the time of site plan and subdivision review.

Buffers shall be maintained in perpetuity in accordance with the site plan approval.

Transition buffers shall be required when any nonresidential use abuts a residential zone and when any multi-family use abuts a single family zone. The buffer shall be placed within the nonresidential and multi-family lot along the property line. The location may be altered if approved by the Planning Board or Zoning Board of Adjustment.

Reverse frontage buffers shall be required where any nonresidential or residential structure and/or lots back onto any street. The buffer shall be situated adjacent to the right-of-way line. The following landscape treatments shall be provided unless otherwise approved by the Planning Board or Zoning Board of Adjustment.

Except for detached single-family and two family dwelling units, a screen planting, berm, fence, wall or combination thereof, no less than three (3) feet in height, shall be provided between the off-street parking areas (including drive-thru lanes and interior drives running parallel to other roads) and any lot line or street line except where a building intervenes. Shrubs used for screening shall be planted in a staggered double row and installed with a minimum height of twenty-four (24) to thirty (30) inches.

All loading areas shall be landscaped and screened sufficiently to obscure the view of parked delivery vehicles, loading platforms and loading activities from any lot line or street line throughout the year. Such screening shall be an extension of the building, a fence, berm, wall, planting or combination thereof and shall not be less than six (6) feet in height.

In parking lots, at least five (5%) percent of the total square footage of interior parking area, including accessways, shall be landscaped with shrub plantings. Such landscaped areas shall be distributed throughout the parking area in order to break the view of parked cars in a manner not impairing visibility. In parking lots containing more than one hundred (100) vehicles, at least eight (8%) percent of the interior parking area shall be landscaped.

One (1) shade tree measuring a minimum of two and one-half (2-1/2) to three (3) inch caliper shall be provided in the vicinity of the parking lot for every four (4) parking spaces. This provision excludes trees required for landscape buffers or street tree planting.

Nine (9) feet wide curbed planting islands shall be placed at the end of each parking bay. Each end island abutting a parking stall shall contain a two and one-half (2-1/2) to three (3) inch caliper shade tree.

Nine (9) feet wide curbed planting islands shall be required to separate any parking bay exceeding twenty (20) spaces in a row. At the Board's discretion, seven (7) feet by seven (7) feet curbed planting diamonds containing shade trees may be considered if the overall effect exceeds that which would be created by standard planting islands.

Where practical, parking lots in excess of one hundred (100) vehicles shall be subdivided into modules utilizing continuous curbed planting islands of a minimum ten (10) feet width located perpendicular to the parking stalls.

Landscaping within parking lots shall not obstruct the view of approaching vehicles. Shrubs within sight lines shall not exceed a mature height of thirty (30) inches.

Parking areas shall be partially screened from interior drives using evergreen, shade trees, flowering trees and shrubs to create a continuous landscape strip.

Interior parking layout and landscaping shall, insofar as possible, be used to delineate and guide major traffic movement within the parking area so as to prevent cross-space driving.

The view of utility areas, mechanical equipment, transformers and meters shall be screened from adjoining lots and street lines with landscaping. Open access to the equipment shall be maintained.

Trash and recycling containers shall be screened from view from any lot line or street line with six (6) foot high gated wood fence and landscaping or six (6) foot high gated decorative masonry wall and landscaping.

Landscaping shall be provided to accent driveway openings.

Stormwater detention basins and retention basins shall be designed to blend into the surrounding landscape.

The perimeter of detention and retention basins shall be landscaped with clusters of plants, including shade trees, in a free form manner with open areas of lawn. Access for maintenance and emergency services shall be maintained.

Shade trees (minimum 2—2 1/2 inch caliper) shall be located within the upper drier portion of detention basins.

The view of drainage structures such as headwalls, outlet structures, culverts, biofilters, etc. shall be softened with wet-site tolerant plants.

Outlet structures and headwalls shall be provided with a stone veneer when clearly visible from adjoining properties and/or streets within the development.

The use of retaining walls within stormwater basins are encouraged when located on wooded property in order to increase volume and decrease disturbance to existing vegetation.

Landscaping located on detention and retention basin emergency overflow berms are prohibited unless approved by the Township Engineer.

Water aerators shall be provided within retention basins.

Fences and walls shall be erected where required for privacy, screening, separation, security or to serve other necessary and reasonable functions. The design and material used shall be functional and compatible with existing and proposed site architecture. No fence or wall shall be constructed or installed so as to constitute a hazard to traffic or safety.

No fence or wall which exceeds four (4) feet in height shall be constructed or maintained between the road right-of-way line and the front foundation wall of the principal building. In the case of corner lots, such restrictions shall apply to both street frontages. No fence or wall shall exceed six (6) feet in height within the side or rear yards.

No fence shall be erected of barbed wire, topped with metal spikes, nor constructed of any material or in any manner which may be dangerous to persons or animals, except that these provisions shall not apply to farms. Fences permitted for commercial, industrial and agricultural uses shall not exceed a six (6) foot height; however, fences topped by a barbed wire protective barrier are allowed a total height of eight (8) feet.

Swimming pools shall be surrounded by BOCA approved barrier not to exceed a maximum height of six (6) feet.

At the discretion of the Board, a fence or wall exceeding a six (6) foot height shall be permitted if buffering is enhanced by the deviation.

The finished side of fences shall face adjacent properties.

At the discretion of the Board, chain link fence shall be constructed with vinyl clad posts, rails, and mesh.

Where provided, board on board fence shall be constructed with opposing boards separated by a rail/beam no more than two (2) inches in width. Opposite boards shall have a minimum one (1) inch overlap.

No retaining wall exceeding four (4) feet in height from the lowest elevation of the finished grade to the top of the retaining wall shall be built unless a site plan has been submitted to and approved by the Engineering Department. Safety fence and/or guiderail along the top of retaining walls shall be provided in accordance with BOCA requirements and approved by the Township Engineer.

No retaining wall or structural member shall be permitted within the right-of-way. Retaining walls shall maintain a property line setback equal to their height above grade.

Retaining walls required to support any Township roadway shall be a cast-in-place concrete retaining wall, concrete crib wall or modular concrete block retaining wall as approved by NJDOT and the Township Engineer.

Design calculations for retaining walls over four (4) feet in height shall be submitted by the applicant and approved by the engineering department. The design shall be accompanied by detailed manufacturer specifications for all aspects of the installation and shall be signed and sealed by a licensed professional engineer of the State of New Jersey.

Loose boulder type retaining walls shall be limited to landscape uses only and shall not exceed an exposed height of four (4) feet. Such walls are prohibited in areas used to support Township roadways or any public facility for which the Township will have maintenance responsibility.

Construction of all permitted retaining walls shall be inspected throughout the course of construction by the Township Engineer or his/her representative. The Township Engineer shall be notified ten (10) days before any work is started. The Township may require certification of the subgrade and backfill by a qualified soils engineer prior to the placement of materials. The Township Engineer may also require that a representative of the retaining wall manufacturer be on site during the installation of pre-manufactured section or block type walls.

Site furniture such as, but not limited to, benches, picnic tables, kiosks, clustered mail boxes, bike racks, decorative trash receptacles, bollards and recreation equipment shall be located and sized in accordance with their functional need, durability and maintenance.

Site furniture shall be compatible in form, material and finish. Design and materials shall be coordinated with that of existing or proposed architecture.

Decorative trash receptacles and ash urns shall be provided as an integral component for all office buildings, shopping centers, retail establishments and supermarkets.

Decorative benches shall be provided as an integral component for all office buildings, shopping centers, retail establishments and supermarkets.

Multi-family residential developments requiring clustered mailboxes shall provide benches in the vicinity of mailboxes.

In all zoning districts within the jurisdiction of this Ordinance, signs may be used, erected, maintained, altered, relocated, removed or demolished only in compliance with the provisions of this Section and any and all ordinances and regulations of the municipality relating to the use, erection, maintenance, alteration, moving or removal of signs or similar devices.

A permit shall not be required for the following, provided such items are subject to all other provisions of this chapter:

In hearing any application for a variance or design waiver pertaining to signage, the Planning Board or Zoning Board of Adjustment may consider modification to the overall sign design for the site. This may include a reduction in the quantity of signs, and/or a reduction in advertising area of signs in order to promote the purpose of this section and so the benefits of granting relief will outweigh the detriments.

Signs on Vacant Premises or for Discontinued Use. The owner of a property shall remove the advertising, message, symbol or other information conveyed by signs within thirty (30) days after the activity, business or use it advertises or calls attention to is no longer conducted in or upon the premises.

Illegal Signs. Any sign erected or applied in violation of this chapter shall be immediately removed by the owner. Any sign illegally placed in a public right-of-way shall be subject to removal by the Township and forfeiture at the owner's expense.

Any sign not specifically permitted is hereby prohibited.

No sign shall be erected on any lot or building which does not pertain to the use of the lot or building, unless provided for elsewhere in this section.

Identification signs of a prototype design and corporation logos shall conform to the criteria established within this Ordinance.

A sign should compliment the architectural style and scale of the building and should be designed as an integral architectural element of the site to which it principally relates. As an architectural element, the sign should reflect the period of architecture and should be in harmony with a building^'s character and use. It must not interfere with architectural lines and details and shall conform to landscape standards associated with signs. Components of signs (supporting structures, backs, etc.), not bearing a message shall be landscaped and constructed of materials or painted a neutral color, to blend with the natural environment.

Where a building requires several different signs, a consistent design theme shall be created utilizing similar elements such as material, size, background and lettering color, lettering style, illumination and borders.

Any sign located along the right-of-way of a State or Federal highway shall comply with any more restrictive requirements of the State and Federal government relating thereto. Limitations on signs as set forth in this Section shall not apply to any sign or directional device erected by the Federal, State, County or Township government or agency thereof.

No sign shall be placed in such a position as to endanger traffic by obscuring view or by confusing with official street signs or signals because of position, color or reflective surface and no sign other than street signage or of governmental authority shall be placed within a sight triangle.

No sign shall project over a public walkway, except for signs of governmental authority. For those exceptions where a sign is permitted, the lowest edge of such sign shall be at least eight (8) feet above the sidewalk elevation.

Only one (1) sign of a permitted type for which a permit is required shall be erected on any one (1) premises held in single and separate ownership unless otherwise specified in this Ordinance.

No sign shall have a dimension greater than as approved by the Board as part of site plan approval.

Flags other than official national, State, County, or municipal flags shall be considered to be signs and shall comply with applicable regulations. Flagpoles shall not exceed thirty (30) feet in height nor be located closer than thirty (30) feet to a right-of-way.

Every permitted sign must be constructed with durable materials, must conform with the requirements of the BOCA Building Code, and must be kept in good condition and repair. Any sign which is allowed to become dilapidated may be removed by the municipality at the expense of the owner or lessee of the property on which it is located.

Except where more restrictive, no sign or any part thereof shall be located closer than ten (10) feet to any street right-of-way or lot line.

All signs shall have a border a minimum of two (2) inches in width on all sides of the sign. The structural frame may be used to meet the requirement for a border.

Parking, traffic control, directional and warning signs as approved or deemed necessary to the public welfare shall be permitted in all zones, provided that they do not exceed four (4) square feet in area and do not contain advertising.

Only one (1) freestanding sign is permitted for each property.

Freestanding signs shall be set back a minimum of thirty (30) feet from any residential district. Freestanding signs shall be placed in a location which will allow sufficient reaction time for drivers on the adjacent roads, and not obstruct the visibility of cars entering and exiting the site.

In no case shall a freestanding sign be located closer than ten (10) feet to any street right-of-way or thirty (30) feet to any side or rear property line unless otherwise noted in the particular zone district.

Freestanding signs shall comply with the freestanding sign setback requirement of the zone where the sign will be located.

No freestanding, ground, monument or pylon sign shall have more than two (2) sign faces. The maximum distance between the faces of a double faced sign shall not exceed eighteen (18) inches.

Freestanding sign components relating to an assemblage of businesses such as a shopping center shall be grouped in an aesthetically compatible and visually coordinated manner.

Freestanding signs shall consist of materials and colors similar to and compatible with the primary structure.

Freestanding signs shall be supported utilizing durable materials which may include concrete, steel, treated wood, other suitable material or combination of same. Supports for freestanding signs shall be set securely in the ground or concrete so that the sign will be capable of withstanding high winds.

The width of a wall sign extending perpendicular from the building face shall not exceed twelve (12) inches. Signs erected flat against a building wall shall not extend above the height of a vertical wall, parapet or eave to which they are attached.

There shall not be more than one (1) facade or wall sign as herein regulated to each separate tenant of the premises except where the tenant's unit fronts on two (2) streets, then one (1) facade or wall sign shall be permitted per frontage.

No sign shall be placed upon any roof surface, except for roof surfaces constructed at an angle of seventy-five (75) degrees or more from the horizontal. Such signage shall not exceed a three (3) foot height nor extend beyond the roof line to which it is attached.

The maximum height of any facade sign shall not exceed five (5) feet and the maximum width shall not exceed sixty-five (65%) percent of the width of the wall upon which the sign is erected, attached or painted.

Signs attached to, painted on or part of the face of the canopy or awning shall not extend above, below, or to the sides of the face of the canopy or awning nor extend more than four (4) inches from the face of the canopy or awning.

For the purpose of this section, canopy or awning shall mean a covering extending from a building wall, having horizontal or nearly horizontal top and bottom surfaces, located at least eight (8) feet above the sidewalk or the ground below, but not including any extension of the building roof.

Maximum sign area and size shall be determined by the size and dimensions of the wall to which the canopy or awning is attached.

The maximum height of any canopy or awning sign shall not exceed three (3) feet and the maximum width shall not exceed seventy-five (75%) percent of the width of the canopy or awning upon which the sign is erected, attached or painted.

Signs shall be non-rotating and contain no advertising.

The area of the sign shall not exceed twenty-four (24) square feet nor be located on a lot with less than two hundred (200) feet of road frontage.

There shall not be any other time and temperature sign within one thousand five hundred (1,500) feet of another such sign.

Wiring for illuminated signs shall be installed and maintained in accordance with the electrical codes of the municipality.

Illuminated signs shall be either indirectly lighted or shall be of the diffused lighting type. No sign shall be lit by means of flashing or intermittent illumination, except for intermittent illumination necessary to show time and temperature changes on signs intended for that purpose. Floodlights used for illumination of any sign, whether or not such floodlights are attached to or are separate from a building, shall not project light above the highest elevation of the front wall of the building or more than eighteen (18) feet above the ground level, whichever is less. All illuminated signs shall be properly shielded and so located as to prevent glare or blinding effects upon motor vehicle traffic and so as not to cause a nuisance to residents of the area.

Whenever the Chief of Police, his designee or the Township Engineer determines that the lighting on any sign now or hereafter erected constitutes a safety hazard to motor vehicle traffic in the vicinity, he shall serve written notice of his determination upon the property owner and owner of the sign, directing them to correct the condition within fifteen (15) days from the date of the mailing of the notice. Failure to correct the condition or file an appeal within the time specified shall constitute a violation of this Section by both the sign owner and property owner.

Where illuminated signs are permitted, signs facing a residence or residential zone shall not be illuminated between the hours of 10:00 p.m. and 7:00 a.m., unless the business or uses advertised are open to the public later than 10:00 p.m., in which event such establishment may keep a sign illuminated until business is closed to the public but not thereafter.

Signs using red, yellow and green lights placed within one hundred (100) feet of any traffic control signal now or hereafter erected.

Moving or revolving signs and signs using blinking, flashing, vibrating, flickering, tracer, sequential or intermittent lighting, with the exception of any time or temperature displays.

Changeable copy displays and message boards except for public uses, quasi-public uses, theaters, and vehicular service station price signs.

Signs using any material which sparkles or glitters, but nothing herein contained is intended to prohibit the use of reflective paint on signs directing traffic or identifying various locations within a lot or parcel. Signs which emit smoke, visible vapors or particles, sound or odor.

Roof and projecting signs except as noted in Sections 13-8.905C and 13-8.906.

Signs having more than two (2) sign faces.

Signs or advertising matter of an indecent or obscene nature.

Signs using words such as "stop", "look", "danger", etc., which are placed in a manner or position which in the judgment of the Chief of Police constitutes a traffic hazard or otherwise interferes with the free flow of traffic.

Signs which in any way simulate official, direction or warning signs or otherwise cause confusion with those erected or maintained by the State of New Jersey, Morris County or Roxbury Township or by any railroad, public utility or agency concerned with the protection of the public health or safety or signs which hide from view any traffic or street sign or signal.

Any sign which may dangerously confuse or distract the attention of the operator of a motor vehicle.

Except where specifically permitted, signs advertising a product or service not sold on the premises, signs advertising or directing attention to another premises and any other signs unrelated to the premises on which the sign is erected.

Signs causing interference with radio or television reception.

Signs obstructing doors, fire escapes or stairways or keeping light or air from windows used for living quarters.

Streamers, flags, banners, pinwheels, wind driven signs, flapping signs, rotating signs, inflatable signs, A-type signs, sandwich-type signs, sidewalk signs, curb signs and similar advertising devices, except as may otherwise be permitted in this Ordinance.

Signs which are portable or fixed on a movable stand; self-supporting without being firmly imbedded in the ground; supported by other objects; mounted on wheels or movable vehicle; or made easily movable in any other manner except as may otherwise be permitted in this Ordinance.

Signs attached, affixed or painted on trees, rocks, other natural features, utility poles, light poles, signs attached to other signs, and signs placed upon motor vehicles which are continuously or repeatedly parked in a conspicuous location to serve as a sign.

Any series of two (2) or more signs placed along a street or highway carrying an advertising message, part of which is contained on each sign.

No billboard or billboard-type signs shall be erected.

Signs located in a public right-of-way, or approved site easement except those owned and maintained by a duly constituted governmental agency.

Signs located, painted or affixed on a water tower, storage tank, tower or other similar structure.

Signs posted by governmental agencies or pursuant to governmental statute, order or regulation.

Temporary and permanent traffic signs and signals installed by the municipality, County and State for the purpose of directing and regulating the flow of traffic.

Signs indicating public transportation stops when installed by the municipality or a public transportation facility.

One nonilluminated or shielded illuminated residence designation sign attached to a wall, not exceeding one (1) square foot in surface area, shall be permitted for each single-family residence, multi-family residence or conditional home business use (subsection 13-7.3501).

Parking, traffic control, directional, entrance, exit, loading zones, and warning signs when deemed necessary for the public welfare provided that they do not exceed four (4) square feet in area. With the exception of entrance and exit signs, traffic signage shall not contain advertising.

Non-illuminated or internally illuminated information or public service signs, such as those advertising the availability of rest rooms, telephone, or similar public conveniences, provided that such signs do not advertise any commercial establishment, activity, organization, product, goods or services, except those of public utilities.

Historic tablets, cornerstones, memorial plaques and emblems which do not exceed six (6) square feet in area and which are installed by government agencies or religious organizations.

Trespassing signs; signs indicating the private nature of a road, driveway, or premises; and signs prohibiting or otherwise controlling fishing or hunting upon a particular premises, provided that the area of one (1) side of any such sign shall not exceed two (2) square feet.

Flags or emblems of religious, educational, civic or governmental organizations flown from supports on the buildings or grounds occupied by the organization whenever and wherever flown in accordance with the laws and rules promulgated by the Federal government, except that no flag may be placed closer than thirty (30) feet to any right-of-way nor exceed a thirty (30) foot height.

One (1) lawn sign identifying the occupant and/or conditional home business use, not exceeding two (2) square feet in area for each side located ten (10) feet from the right-of-way and all property lines. A sign for a conditional home business use shall only indicate the name and profession of the resident.

Illuminated and non-illuminated signs which are an integral part of vending machines.

All temporary signs pursuant to the requirements of Section 13-8.911.

Signs lighting and displays erected in connection with the observance of holidays. Signs shall be removed within fifteen (15) days following the holiday.

Non-illuminated real estate signs announcing the sale, rental or lease of the premises on which the sign is located. The sign may be double-faced and, except as noted below, only one (1) sign shall be permitted on each lot or parcel unless it fronts on more than one (1) street whereby one (1) sign shall be permitted per frontage. The maximum size of the sign shall be in accordance with the following schedule:

Temporary signs for advertising public functions or fund raising events for charitable or religious organizations shall be permitted for a period of thirty (30) days prior to the event and shall be removed within fifteen (15) days after the event.

Temporary political signs may be erected for a period of sixty (60) days. Campaign signs shall be removed within fifteen (15) days after the election.

Relocation information sign for a period of thirty (30) days. A relocation sign shall be restricted to the present location of the relocating business. The relocation sign shall be incorporated into the existing sign and shall not be in excess of standards set forth for the zone in which the business is located.

Construction Signs. One (1) sign announcing the name of developer, architect, engineer, contractor, subcontractors, funding source, the building enterprise and related information shall be permitted at a site under construction, alteration or repair, provided the sign shall not exceed thirty-two (32) square feet in area and that the sign shall be removed before a Certificate of Occupancy is issued.

Temporary window signs advertising or describing sales or special merchandise are permitted without a permit, only on the first floor, provided that the same sign does not remain visible from the exterior of the building for a period of longer than twenty (20) days and that all of the signs individually or collectively do not exceed thirty (30%) percent of all available window space on the first floor window on which the signs are located.

Notwithstanding any provision of this section, the Administrative Official may issue a temporary permit for a period not to exceed three (3) weeks for special signs advertising the opening of a new business or commercial enterprise subject to the following conditions:

Signs integrated or structurally incorporated into the architecture of buildings.

Signs formed by the arrangement of cutting of landscaping materials or plantings.

All signs with all their supports, braces, hooks, anchors and other fastening devices, shall be of substantial and sturdy construction, shall be kept in good repair, and shall be painted or cleaned as often as necessary to maintain a clean, neat, safe and orderly appearance. In the event that the Zoning Officer of the municipality determines that any sign now hereafter erected has fallen into a state of disrepair, has become dilapidated or constitutes a safety hazard, the sign owner and property owner shall be given written notice to correct the condition within thirty (30) days from the date of the mailing of the notice. Failure to correct the condition or file an appeal within the time provided shall constitute a violation of this Section.

All signs shall be maintained in good repair. Lack of proper maintenance shall be considered abandonment and the sign shall be removed upon notification by the Construction Official.

If a sign other than a billboard advertises a business, service, commodity, accommodation, attraction, or other enterprise or activity that is no longer operating or being offered or conducted, that sign shall be considered abandoned and shall, within thirty (30) days after such abandonment, be removed by the sign owner, owner of the property where the sign is located, or other party having control over such sign.

If the message portion of the sign is removed, leaving only the "shell" of the sign of the supporting braces, anchors, or similar components, the owner of the sign or the owner of the property where the sign is located or other person having control over such sign shall, within thirty (30) days of the removal of the message portion of the sign, either replace the entire message portion of the sign or remove the remaining components of the sign. This shall not be construed to prevent the changing of the message of a sign.

For nonresidential uses, one (1) freestanding sign per lot, not exceeding a maximum area of thirty-two (32) square feet and a maximum height of fifteen (15) feet.

For nonresidential uses, a freestanding sign shall be located no closer than ten (10) feet to any street right-of-way or thirty (30) feet to any side or rear property line.

For nonresidential uses, one (1) façade, canopy, awning or permanent window sign per occupant. The total aggregate area of all such signs shall note exceed ten (10%) percent of the area of the face of the wall upon which such sign or signs are erected, attached or painted.

One (1) name plate sign attached to a wall. The sign shall not be more than one (1) square foot in area, and shall be located within the property lines. A sign for conditional home business use shall indicate only the name and profession of the resident.

One (1) lawn sign identifying the occupant and/or conditional home business use, not exceeding two (2) square feet in area on each side located ten (10) feet from the right-of-way and all property lines. A sign for a conditional home business use shall indicate only the name and profession of the resident.

One (1) permanent sign to identify the name of a residential development of twenty-five (25) units or more. Such sign shall be a maximum of thirty-two (32) square feet in size, seven (7) feet in height and shall be located a minimum of fifteen (15) feet from any property line. Multi-family developments shall be permitted one (1) freestanding sign per development for each public street frontage.

At the rental or sales office of the residential development, one (1) temporary freestanding sign advertising the office, not to exceed fifteen (15) square feet in area and not more than five (5) feet in height.

Religious institutions, nursing homes, assisted living facilities, private schools, service organizations and public buildings and facilities may have one (1) freestanding sign or bulletin board, not more than twenty-four (24) square feet in area, not to exceed six (6) feet in height, on each major street bordering the property. The source of light from any such sign, if illuminated, shall not be visible from any adjacent property or from any street.

Signs deemed necessary by the Governing Body.

With the exception of signs as noted in paragraph F. above, no sign permitted in the residential districts shall be located closer than ten (10) feet to any road right-of-way or adjoining property.

Signs in the POR District.

Signs in the B-I District.

Signs in the B-1A District.

Signs in the B-2 District.

Signs in the B-3 District.

Signs in the OB District.

Signs in the I-1 District.

Signs in the I-3 District.

Signs in the I-5 District.

Signs in the I-10 District.

Signs in the OR-5 District