Saugatuck City Zoning Code

OFF-STREET PARKING

§ 154.130 GENERAL OFF-STREET PARKING REGULATIONS.

Off-street parking shall be provided and maintained by each property or business owner for all buildings and uses as required by § 154.135.

(A) Multiple uses. When a single parcel of land or a building contains more than one use or activity that requires parking spaces, each use shall be considered separately in calculating the number of parking spaces required.

(B) Changes in use. Whenever a use is changed or a new use is created for existing buildings or floor area, additional parking spaces shall be provided and maintained in the proper ratio to the increased floor area or capacity.

(C) Increases in floor area. Whenever the floor area or capacity is increased in an existing building, either by structural alteration, or by new construction, additional parking spaces shall be provided and maintained in the proper ratio to the increased floor area or capacity.

(D) Decreases in floor area. Whenever the floor area or capacity is decreased in an existing building for any use or activity the requirement for off-street parking spaces shall also decrease in relation to the decreased floor area or capacity.

(E) New construction. Construction of a new commercial building shall require the provision of parking to comply with the requirements of this chapter.

(F) Existing parking spaces. Existing parking spaces provided on or off-premises shall be assigned to existing uses and may not be assigned to newly created floor space or uses unless sufficient parking spaces are provided on or off site to meet the requirements of existing floor space and/or uses.

(G) Requirements for service/delivery vehicles. Minimum off-street parking space for service/delivery vehicles shall be one space for every such vehicle operated by the establishment.

(Ord. 02-02, passed 2-11-2002)

§ 154.131 EXCEPTION TO OFF-STREET PARKING REQUIREMENTS.

(A) Except as otherwise required in this section, the following zoning districts shall be exempt from any parking requirements:

(1) C-1 City Center Commercial;

(2) C-2 Water Street East;

(3) C-1 Water Street North;

(4) C-2 Water Street South; and

(5) C-2 Downtown Waterfront Preservation District.

(B) If the Planning Commission determines that off-street parking is required as part of a site plan, special land use approval, planned unit development approval, or any new structure containing four or more dwelling units, then additional off-street parking requirements may be required.

(Ord. 120326-1, passed 3-26-2012; Am. Ord. 240122-B, passed 1-22-2024)

§ 154.132 OFF PREMISES PARKING.

(A) If approved by the Zoning Administrator, required parking may be located within a reasonable distance of the premises it serves and/or may be consolidated into a large parking area serving other buildings and uses; provided that the property is located in the same district.

(B) The off-street parking shall be maintained and regulated as if it were located on the premises it is designed to serve.

(C) The Zoning Administrator may require a plat, deed or agreement, or any other proof necessary to show that the required parking, if located off the premises, is controlled by and available to the property owner in perpetuity.

(D) An agreement between the city and the owner of the off-premises parking area which meets the satisfaction of the City Attorney shall be drafted and recorded of the expense of the property owner. It shall prohibit any change of the property used for off-premises parking without first receiving approval of the Zoning Administrator. In no case shall the amount of off-premises parking be reduced without the consent of the city as an amendment to this agreement.

(Ord. 02-02, passed 2-11-2002)

§ 154.133 JOINT USE OF PARKING FACILITIES.

The joint use of parking facilities by two or more contiguous uses not separated by a street, private road or alley, may be granted by the Planning Commission whenever the use is practical and satisfactory to each of the uses intended to be served, and when all requirements for location, design and construction are met.

(A) Computing capacities. In computing capacities of any joint use, the total space requirement is the sum of the individual requirements that will occur at the same time of day. If space requirements for individual uses occur at distinctly different times, the total of the off-street parking facilities required for joint or collective use may be reduced below the sum of the individual space requirements.

(B) Record of agreement. A copy of an agreement between joint users shall be filed with the city. This agreement shall include a guarantee for continued use of the parking facility by each party.

(C) Notice of change required. Whenever a business is engaged in the sharing of a parking facility based on differing hours of use, and the hours of use change, the business owner must notify the city of the change in hours. The Zoning Administrator shall review the change in hours of use and make a determination whether the joint use shall continue. The Zoning Administrator may also forward the notice of change to the Planning Commission for review.

(Ord. 02-02, passed 2-11-2002)

§ 154.134 SITE DEVELOPMENT REQUIREMENTS.

All off-street parking areas shall be designed, constructed and maintained in accordance with the following standards and requirements.

(A) Marking and designation. Parking areas shall be so designed and marked as to provide for the orderly and safe movement and storage of vehicles.

(B) Size. All parking spaces shall be at least nine feet wide and 20 feet in length.

(C) Surface. Off-street parking shall be surfaced with asphalt, concrete, paving blocks, gravel or other stable, durable material on a properly engineered base and shall not result in storm water runoff onto adjoining properties or streets.

(D) Access. All off-street parking areas shall have vehicular access to a street or alley.

(E) Access points. Access points (driveways) located on a street, shall be as follows:

(1) Any vehicular access point shall not exceed 25 feet in width;

(2) All vehicular access points excluding single-family residential shall be located at least 150 feet or two-thirds the distance of the lot frontage, whichever is less, from the intersection of any right-of way lines of streets and at least 15 feet from all side and rear property lines;

(3) There shall be a minimum distance of 30 feet between any two access points serving the property, but no more than two access points shall be provided. The Planning Commission, after review, may permit additional access points when such access points are justified and necessary due to the length of the street frontage serving the premises and that the additional access points will substantially reduce traffic hazards or congestion on adjacent streets serving the property; and

(4) Private roads designed to provide vehicular access to non-residential buildings or uses shall not pass through a residential zoning district.

(F) Site maneuverability. Each parking space, within an off-street parking area, shall be provided with adequate access by means of maneuvering lanes. Backing directly onto a street right-of-way shall be prohibited. The width of required maneuvering lanes may vary depending upon the proposed parking pattern as follows:

(1) For right angle parking patterns 75 to 90 degrees, the maneuvering lane width shall be a minimum of 22 feet; and

(2) For parking patterns 54 to 74 degrees, the maneuvering lane width shall be a minimum of 18 feet.

(a) For parking patterns 30 to 53 degrees, the maneuvering lane width shall be a minimum of 15 feet.

(b) All maneuvering lane widths of less than 20 feet shall permit only 1-way traffic movement.

(G) Screening.

(1) All off-street parking shall have a properly maintained landscape separation strip at least five feet in width along all property lines and streets on which the off-street parking is located.

(2) Vehicular wheel stops or barriers shall be installed to prevent vehicles from driving onto the landscaped area. See § 154.142 Screening.

(Ord. 02-02, passed 2-11-2002)

§ 154.135 MINIMUM OFF-STREET PARKING REQUIREMENTS.

Minimum Automobile Off-Street Parking Requirements
Types of Buildings and Uses	Minimum Number of Parking Spaces Required per Indicated Unit	Unit of Measure
Floating homes	2	Per floating home
Dwellings	2.0	Per dwelling unit
Retail store	1.0	Per 100 square feet of usable floor area
Research, development and testing laboratories	0.4	Per 100 square feet of usable floor area
Motion picture theaters	0.3	Per person based on maximum capacity
Or	1.0	Per 50 square feet of usable floor and/or land area devoted to assembly of recreation use on the premises
Motel/motor court or hotel/inn	1.0	Per sleeping unit
And	1.0	Per resident manager
Bed and breakfast	1.0	Per 3 sleeping units or fraction thereof
Automotive dealer establishments	1.5	Per person regularly employed on the premises
Gasoline service stations	1.5	Per person regularly employed on the premises
Automobile and truck repair establishments	0.5	Per 100 square feet of usable floor area devoted to retail selling of merchandise, goods and products
Sales and service establishments	0.5	Per 100 square feet of usable floor area devoted to retail selling of merchandise, goods and products
Marina	1 .0	Per 4 transient boat slips
Plus	1 .0	Per 1 seasonal boat slip
Veterinarian and animal hospital service establishments	1.8	Per person regularly employed on the premises
Plus	3.0	Per veterinarian
Manufacturing Wholesale and storage establishments	0.7	Per person regularly employed on the premises, based on largest single employment shift
Educational facilities	0.6	Per student enrolled on the premises
Cultural facilities	0.3	Per 100 square feet of usable floor area
Or	1.0	Per 100 square feet of floor and/or land area devoted to assembly of visitor use on the premises
Commercial boat	1.0	Per 5-passenger capacity
Religious facilities	0.3	Per seat, based on maximum capacity of auditorium or principal place of assembly
Mortuaries, funeral homes	1.0	Per 50 square feet of usable floor area devoted to slumber rooms, parlors or individual mortuary rooms
Plus	0.3	Per seat, based on maximum capacity of funeral service chamber or chapel
Private recreation camp	1.0	Per 3 beds
Plus	0.3	Per 100 square feet of usable floor area for buildings devoted to visitor assembly
Or	1.0	Per 100 square feet of floor and/or land area devoted to visitor assembly
For uses not listed, the Planning Commission shall determine the appropriate number of parking spaces required.

(Ord. passed 6-24-1996; Am. Ord. 02-02, passed 2-11-2002; Am. Ord. 060710-1, passed 7-10-2006; Am. Ord. 120326-1, passed 3-26-2012; Am. Ord. 160711-1, passed 7-11-2016; Am. Ord. 210726-A, passed 7-26-2020) Penalty, see § 154.999