In order to reduce or prevent traffic congestion and shortage of parking facilities in the Village, off-street parking and loading facilities shall be provided in accordance with this article, in proportion to the need for such facilities created by various uses of land, buildings, and structures.

Off-street parking and loading areas are to be designed, maintained, and operated in a manner that will ensure their usefulness, protect the public safety, and where appropriate, protect surrounding uses from their impact.

No person shall construct a parking lot or cause any land to be used for a parking lot, with the exception of parking facilities serving a single-family or two-family dwelling, unless the construction of such lot has been approved by the Planning Commission pursuant to Article XVII.

In addition to applicable site plan requirements, the site plan shall also include parking stall dimensions, driveway and aisle dimensions, type of curbing, and proposed surface and base materials to be used.

Construction of an approved parking lot shall be carried out in strict conformance with the plans submitted.

The diversity of land uses within the Village keep it vibrant and active each day of the week. This has been accomplished, in part, because the Village has enabled residential buildings to be converted into nonresidential uses, either as principal or accessory uses. The Village desires to preserve these buildings, and further desires to discourage the razing of buildings to construct off-street parking lots, as the Village has determined that there exists adequate parking within these areas. For these reasons, the expansion of an off-street parking lot for a nonresidential use in the SFR or MDR district may only be permitted by the Planning Commission and is subject to the following requirements:

Off-street parking areas shall be located within the same zoning district of a proposed use, either on the same lot as the use served by the parking or on an adjoining lot under the same ownership or control, or under the terms of a lease, shared parking agreement, or other arrangement approved by the Village. In the following circumstances, off-street parking may be located in a different zoning district.

Private shared parking areas may be located on a different lot from the subject building or structure or use that it serves if the following conditions are met:

Two or more buildings or structures or uses may collectively provide the combined and required off-street parking in which case the required number of parking spaces shall not be less than the sum of the requirements for the several individual buildings or structures or uses computed separately, unless excepted in Subsection D below.

In the instance of such dual-use of off-street parking spaces where peak operating hours of buildings do not conflict or overlap, the Planning Commission or Zoning Administrator may grant an exception to the requirements in Table 390-115.01[1] and permit less than the combined sum of required parking.

Any requirement of this article may be modified at the petition of an Applicant if the Planning Commission finds that the requested modification meets all the following standards:

Off-street parking facilities in existence on the effective date of this chapter, and provided in connection with a building, structure, or use of land for which off-street parking is required by this article, shall not be reduced in number or dimensions to less than the minimum standards prescribed by this article, nor shall such facilities be used to satisfy the standards of this article for any other building, structure, or use of land, unless otherwise provided herein.

Before any building or structure or use is occupied, or enlarged or increased in capacity, parking shall be provided in accordance with the number of spaces required in Table 390-115.01. However, no parking lot shall exceed the minimum required number of parking spaces by 10% or more. This limitation may be modified by the Planning Commission if satisfactory evidence is provided by the applicant that demonstrates the need for additional parking spaces.

When calculations determining the number of required parking spaces result in a fractional space, the fraction shall be raised to the next whole number.

For any use not specifically listed in Table 390-115.01, off-street parking spaces shall be provided as required for the most similar use, as determined by the Zoning Administrator or Planning Commission. The Planning Commission or Zoning Administrator may reference industry standards to establish such requirements.

Handicapped spaces and loading spaces shall count toward the required number of spaces.

(Reserved)[1]

Front yards.

Deferred parking. Where the property owner/applicant can demonstrate that the required amount of parking is excessive, a portion of the required parking area may be deferred until some future date, provided that adequate space on the property is reserved for future parking, and provided that the reserved area is used as open landscaped space until parking is constructed. A permit shall be required prior to construction of a deferred parking area. Construction of the deferred parking may be initiated by the property owner or by the Village based on parking needs.

Maintenance. All off-street parking and loading facilities required by this article shall be maintained free of accumulated snow, debris or other materials preventing full use and occupancy of such facilities in accordance with the intent of this article, except for temporary periods of short duration in the event of heavy snowfall.

Reduction of parking spaces.

Adequate ingress and egress to the parking area, by means of limited and clearly defined drives, shall be provided for all vehicles. One-way ingress driveways shall have a width between 12 feet and 15 feet, and two-way ingress and egress driveways shall have a width between 24 feet and 30 feet.

Maneuvering lanes for 90° parking patterns shall accommodate two-way traffic.

Minor adjustments of the dimensions prescribed in Table 390-115.01 may be authorized by the Zoning Administrator if consistent with generally recognized design standards for off-street parking facilities.

Dimensions of parking spaces and maneuvering aisles shall be in accordance with the following requirements in Table 390-116.01 below.

All parking facilities, with the exception of those serving single-family dwellings and nonpublic areas used primarily for storage of vehicles, shall be hard-surfaced with asphalt, concrete, brick, stone, pavers, porous or semiporous pavement, or an equivalent dustless and durable material approved by the Village Engineer.

All parking facilities shall be graded and drained so as to dispose of surface water which might accumulate within or upon such area. No surface water from a parking area shall be permitted to drain onto adjoining property, not including a street, unless a watershed easement has been obtained. Discharge of drainage into a public right-of-way or municipal storm sewer shall require prior approval of the Village.

If provided, parking area lighting shall comply with § 390-35, Outdoor lighting.

Parking areas shall comply with the applicable provisions regarding screening and landscaping contained in Article XIV, Landscaping and Screening.

Raised curbing, fences, or landscaping shall be provided and located so as to prevent any vehicle from projecting over or into any public sidewalk, walkway, right-of-way, or adjacent property. Wheel stops may be used only if they are firmly attached to the ground to prevent accidental movement from snowplows.

Individual parking spaces shall be clearly identified and marked with durable striping to delineate each individual parking space.

Parking areas, with the exception of access driveways from streets, shall be located entirely within lot lines and shall not encroach into any public right-of-way. With the exception of parking facilities serving single-family or two-family dwellings, or parking facilities accommodating less than four vehicles, off-street parking areas shall be designed in a manner which avoids the necessity of vehicles backing into any street.

All parking spaces, parking lots, and maneuvering aisles shall provide adequate snow storage area, as determined by the Planning Commission. Snow storage area shall be shown on the Site Plan. In determining whether the proposed snow storage area would be sufficient, the following standards shall be considered:

Commercial uses located within 200 feet of the Village nonmotorized trail may be required to provide one bicycle parking space per 25 vehicular parking spaces or fraction thereof.

Multifamily uses located within 200 feet of the Village nonmotorized trail may be required to provide the following:

Provision of off-street loading/unloading spaces shall be required for construction of any building 20,000 square feet or greater in gross floor area, or for any expansion of 2,000 square feet or more in gross floor area of any existing building of 18,000 square feet or greater in existing gross floor area, in the C and CBD Zoning Districts, as follows:

Off-street loading/unloading spaces shall have minimum dimensions of 10 feet in width, 25 feet in length and unobstructed height of 14 feet.

Any loading space located closer than 50 feet to any residential zoning district or use shall be completely screened from such district or use by a solid fence or wall at least six feet in height or a landscape screen consisting of a dense, evergreen vegetative buffer not less than six feet in height at the time of planting.

Adequate space shall be provided so that vehicles using required loading/unloading spaces are not required to use a street for maneuvering.