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Stratford City Zoning Code

SECTION 6

Site Development Standards

6.1.1 Purpose.

The purpose of this section is to establish the standards and requirements related to various accessory buildings and structures within the Town of Stratford.

6.1.2 Accessory structures on environmentally contaminated property.

Any accessory buildings or structures on environmentally contaminated property shall not exceed the size that is necessary, as determined by the appropriate federal, state or local agency having jurisdiction over such matters, to protect and preserve the health and safety of the public, be adequately landscaped, and be built in such a manner and design that is consistent with the existing streetscape and architecture of neighboring properties.
Any agency proposing to construct such a building or structure, or the owner of the parcel on which the building or structure is to be constructed, shall file information and a plan with the Zoning Administrator. The plan shall include information and a drawing(s) of the building/structure for review of the following:
1) 
The accessory structure shall meet the yard setbacks of the zone in which it is located.
2) 
The structure shall provide enclosed space for equipment, chemicals, and control systems.
3) 
The location of vehicular access and parking for service vehicles associated with the building or structure shall be shown on a site plan.
4) 
Where possible, the structure should be serviced from roads or driveways within the parcel and not a separate driveway from a public street.
5) 
The structure shall be designed to prevent entry by unauthorized personnel.
6) 
All utilities serving the building shall be placed underground.
7) 
Architectural plans or renderings of the proposed building or structures showing the floor plan, the facade, and exterior elevations of the building shall be provided.
8) 
If the buildings are temporary, as determined by the appropriate environmental agency, they shall be removed once they are no longer required for site remediation purposes. If the buildings are for long-term use or permanent, the architectural treatment shall be commensurate with their expected duration by the use of natural materials such as brick, clapboard, shingles, slate, etc. Artificial materials such as metals, vinyl and concrete are discouraged.
9) 
The plans shall be subject to site plan review by the Zoning Commission who may require changes to the facade, site layout, design, or size of the facility.

6.1.3 Detached buildings and accessory structures.

A detached accessory building not used for human habitation or for the housing of animals shall comply with the following standards:
1) 
No accessory building shall be used for residence purposes except upon the approval of the commission.
2) 
Such structures may not be more than 12 feet in height to the midpoint of the roof and not less than three feet from any side or rear lot line;
3) 
In all zones except RS-3 and RS-4, such structures may be located within the required rear yard provided that they occupy (in the aggregate) no more than 20% of the area of the required rear yard, but not less than 75 feet from any street line.
4) 
In the RS-3 and RS-4 district, such structures shall not be less than 65 feet from any street line for interior lots.
5) 
On a corner lot, an accessory structure may be faced to either street, provided that the front yard requirement for the district is observed for both streets and the minimum side yard requirement is not less than three feet from either side lot line.
6) 
A garage not more than 12 feet high and attached to a dwelling may extend into a required side yard not more than 1/2 the width of such required side yard, provided the other side yard, meets the maximum requirements for the district in which it is located.

6.1.4 Dumpsters.

1) 
No dumpster usually used on a construction site may be kept on the property of a single, two, or three family residence unless a construction or improvement project is to commence within 10 days, or it has been within 10 days of completion of the project but in no event shall exceed 30 days and shall be located entirely on private property.
2) 
Dumpsters shall be enclosed on all commercial properties and in compliance with Health Department requirements.

6.1.5 Fences.

1) 
For the first 25 feet from the street line on any street, a fence shall not exceed four feet in height.
2) 
The yard requirements of these Regulations shall not be deemed to prohibit any retaining wall, fence, or wall provided that no fence or wall shall exceed six feet in height above the finished grade for rear and side yards.
3) 
All fences shall be erected with the finished side, (i.e., the side opposite from the horizontal supports to which it is applied) facing the adjacent property or the street. Barbed wire, razor wire or other similar types of fencing are specifically prohibited in all districts unless erected in conjunction with a bona fide farm or unless permission is specifically granted by the Zoning Commission.
4) 
Prior to the installation of a fence, a zoning permit must be obtained with a fee for such permit in an amount prescribed by the Zoning Commission to ensure compliance with all fence regulations.
5) 
All rear and side lot lines adjacent to an RS or RM District shall be fenced to a height of six feet above finished grade, except for the first 25 feet from the front property line the height shall not exceed four feet. The fence shall be a solid wood or vinyl fence providing 100% privacy, shall comply with the standards of Section 6.1 (Accessory Buildings and Structures) and shall be properly maintained at all times. This fence requirement shall be modified by the Commission if it is determined that the fence will negatively impact or obscure existing views of coastal waters or inland wetlands or tidal wetlands in conflict with the Coastal Management Act (C.G.S. § 22a-90 et seq.).
6) 
In MA, MB, MC, and the Airport Development Districts, fences or walls in the first 25 feet from the street line shall not exceed six feet in height. In these zones, no fence or wall alongside and rear property lines shall be taller than eight feet in height. No fences or walls shall create a traffic or safety hazard.
7) 
On a property where there is significant slope or topographic change, no fence, wall, or combination thereof shall exceed eight feet in total height from the abutting property's side of the fence.

6.1.6 Garages, vehicles, and boats.

1) 
A private garage space is permitted in association with a residential structure in a residential district, provided that it is used by the residents of that lot. Such garage space may house a maximum of three vehicles. A private garage space may house one additional vehicle for each 5,000 square feet of lot area in excess of 20,000 square feet.
2) 
A maximum of one commercial vehicle on a property is permitted in a residential district under the following restrictions:
a) 
If the vehicle is between 10,000 lbs GVW and 15,000 lbs GVW including legal load, which is the maximum size allowed, it must be stored at all times in a garage.
b) 
If the vehicle does not exceed 10,000 lbs GVW including legal load and is either registered commercially or contains lettering or advertising it must be stored or parked in the driveway. If any vehicle contains or carries business related equipment, supplies, products or materials which are visible off the property, it must be stored or parked at all times in a garage.
c) 
The parking or storage of one commercial vehicle meeting the above restrictions shall be performed only by a resident of the premises.
3) 
No unregistered motor vehicle shall be stored or parked in a residential district between sunset and sunrise unless it is kept at all times in a garage. The limitation of garage space shall not apply to vehicles or agricultural machinery used on the premises in the operation of a farm.
4) 
Registered vehicles intended for road and highway use stored or parked longer than 60 days without being used shall be screened from view on all sides during all seasons of the year. Canvas or other covers do not satisfy the screening requirements for more than one vehicle.
5) 
Outside of a garage, no more than one recreational vehicle/mobile home is permitted and only one boat greater than 24 feet in length is permitted on a residential lot.
a) 
No boat shall be located in the front yard or within three feet of the side or rear lot line.
b) 
No trailer or recreational vehicle/mobile home may be used for dwelling purposes.
c) 
No trailer or recreational vehicle/mobile home shall be located in the front yard or within three feet of the side or rear lot line.
6) 
Repair of a motor vehicle shall be permitted on a residential lot provided that:
a) 
The repair is conducted by a person residing in a dwelling on said lot;
b) 
The vehicle being repaired is owned by a person residing in a dwelling on said lot;
c) 
Any repair or body work involving the restoration of vehicles or the dismantling or transferring of body parts which render a vehicle unsightly must be performed in a garage and shall not produce any fumes, noise, odor, or smoke beyond the boundaries of the property;
d) 
Any repair of motor vehicles in relation to a commercial business or service is prohibited.

6.1.7 Renewable energy structures.

The following accessory renewable energy structures are permitted, provided the meet the appropriate requirements below.
A. 
Solar structures.
i. 
Building mounted. A building mounted solar system/structure located on any roof face, or side and rear building facade, of a principal or accessory structure may be permitted, provided that the system meets the following standards:
1) 
The system shall not exceed the total square footage of the roof surface to which it is attached.
2) 
The system shall be less than four inches from the roof surface, whenever possible and shall not project laterally from the building facade or roof edge more than 3.5 feet.
3) 
The system shall be designed to meet one of the following height standards based on the roof type in which the system is located on:
a) 
Pitched roof. Shall not extend beyond three feet parallel to the roof surface or more than five feet above the highest peak of said roof.
b) 
Flat roof. Shall not extend beyond four feet parallel to the roof.
4) 
Signage or writing of any kind is not permitted on any portion of the system, other than required manufacturer plates and safety labeling.
ii. 
Free standing. A freestanding solar structure/system located in the interior side yard or interior rear yard of a property may be permitted, provided that the system meets following standards:
1) 
The system shall not produce more than one megawatt of electricity or exceed a total area of 10% of the total lot area.
2) 
The system shall not exceed a height of six feet in a Residential District, eight feet in a Commercial District, or 10 feet in an Industrial District and shall be located as close to the ground as practicable, with the minimum clearance between the lowest point of the system and the surface on which it is mounted being three feet.
3) 
All parts of the freestanding system shall be set back a minimum of five feet from the interior side and interior rear property lines and shall not be located in a public utility easement.
4) 
Such system must be gray, natural green, or beige in color, with the exception of the solar photovoltaic panels which are usually black, or system must be screened from view from surrounding residential properties. Such system shall not include any unfinished lumber.
5) 
Any mature tree that is to be removed to accommodate such free-standing solar structures shall be replaced on property at the discretion of the Conservation Superintendent.
iii. 
Parking lot canopy. A solar parking lot canopy structure/system located in the interior side yard or interior rear yard of a property may be permitted, provided that the system meets the following standards:
1) 
The system shall not cover more than 50% of the parking lot or story of the parking structure in which it is located.
2) 
The system shall be between eight and 15 feet in height, so as to provide parking underneath said system, with a minimum clearance of 7.5 feet between the lowest point of the system and the surface on which is it mounted.
3) 
All parts of the system shall be set back a minimum of five feet from the interior side and interior rear property lines and shall not be located in a public utility easement.
4) 
Such system must be gray, natural green, or beige in color, with the exception of the solar photovoltaic panels which are usually black, or system must be screened from view from surrounding residential properties. Signage or writing of any kind is not permitted on any portion of any parking lot canopy solar energy system, other than required manufacturer plates or safety labeling. Such system shall not include any unfinished lumber.
B. 
Wind structures.
i. 
Roof-mounted. A wind energy system attached to the roof of a building may be permitted, provided such system meets the following standards:
1) 
Such a system is only permitted on structures that are a minimum of four stories or 40 feet tall and only on roofs with a slope of one inch per foot or less.
2) 
One turbine shall be permitted for every 750 square feet of the combined roof area of all structures on lot. For a pitched roof, each surface of the roof shall be included in the roof area calculation.
3) 
The system shall not exceed a maximum rated capacity of three kilowatts per turbine.
4) 
The system shall be located so that it is set back from the roof or parapet wall one foot for every foot in height of the device above the roof or parapet wall.
5) 
The maximum height of the system shall be 15 feet measured from the roof surface on which the system is mounted to the highest edge of the system, with the exception of any pitches 10:12 or greater. For a pitched roof, the system shall not extend more than five feet above the highest peak of said roof.
6) 
The system shall not be visible from the street when installed on any property designated as historic or located within a historic district.
7) 
The system shall be installed by a professional installer certified to install wind turbines and only pursuant to manufacturer specifications.
C. 
Electric vehicle charging infrastructure. Electric vehicle charging infrastructure is regulated in Section 6.8.7 (Electric Vehicle Charging).

6.1.8 Satellite antennas.

A. 
Purpose. The purpose of this regulation is to establish standards for the construction and maintenance of satellite antennas in the Town of Stratford.
B. 
General requirements for all satellite dishes.
1) 
Only one satellite antenna shall be permitted on any lot.
2) 
All satellite antennas shall comply with the side rear yard requirements for a principal building in that district. Installation within the required front yard setback is prohibited.
3) 
Adequate landscaping and visual screening shall be provided as required of antenna installations.
4) 
A building permit shall be required, and any installation shall conform to the applicable building code and electrical code regulations and requirements.
5) 
All installations shall be in accordance with the manufacturer's specifications, be of a non-combustible, nonreflective mesh-type corrosive-resistant material, be erected in a secure, wind-resistant manner and be maintained in a condition equal to that at the time of installation.
6) 
If an obstruction on an adjoining property is placed so as to interfere with the reception at the antenna, prior to relocation, or any alteration, site plan approval of the Zoning Commission must be obtained.
7) 
No form of advertising or identification shall be allowed on any antenna or framework, other than the manufacturer's identification plate, which shall not be larger than six inches by six inches.
C. 
Residential property satellite dishes. The standards shall apply to all satellite antennas less than 36 inches in diameter and installed in connection to a residential use.
1) 
Such antenna shall not be connected to receivers which are not located on the same lot as the antenna and must be for private, non-commercial use only.
2) 
Roof mounted antennas more than 36 inches in diameter shall be prohibited.
3) 
Such antenna shall be setback a minimum of three feet from side and rear property lines. All ground-mounted satellite dishes shall be located in the rear half of the property.
D. 
Commercial property satellite dishes. These standards shall apply to any satellite antennas more than 36 inches in diameter. Such satellite dishes shall be heard as a special permit under Section 7.3.4 (Special Permit) of the Zoning Regulations. The maximum dimensions for a satellite television antenna shall be as follows:
1) 
The maximum overall height of an antenna shall be 15 feet from existing grade level for ground-mounted antenna.
2) 
The maximum diameter of such antenna shall be 10 feet.
3) 
Any satellite dish greater than 36 inches in diameter shall be screened completely from public view.
4) 
Such antenna shall be setback a minimum of 10 feet from property lines.

6.1.9 Swimming pools.

Swimming pools may be installed in any district only as accessory to a dwelling for the private use of the owners or occupants of such dwelling and their families and guests and only on the conditions provided herein:
1) 
Such pool is installed in the rear yard of the premises or in that portion of the side yard that lies not less than 50 feet from any street line.
2) 
Such pool shall not be erected closer than 10 feet from the rear and side property lines of the premises, and any part of the structure including decks, filters, slides, heaters, tanks, etc. shall not be erected closer than five feet from the rear and side property lines of the premises, or in the case of a corner lot, closer than 25 feet from any street line.
3) 
Fencing or other safety barriers or devices are as required in the State of Connecticut Building Code.
4) 
Swimming pool wastewater shall not be drained into a street, storm sewer or onto adjoining property. In the event pool wastewater creates an adverse situation onto adjoining property, a water retention system may need to be installed.
5) 
Any exterior lighting shall be directed so as to prevent objectionable glare across the property lines.
6) 
A zoning and building permit is required for any swimming pool as defined in the State of Connecticut Building Code.
7) 
Any commercially owned swimming pools shall be heard by the Zoning Commission as a special permit under Section 7.3.4 of these Regulations.

6.1.10 Tents and canopies.

Tents/canopies may be erected in any district for the private use of the owners or occupants of such property, their families, and guests and only on the conditions provided herein:
1) 
Tents/canopies may be erected for not more than three consecutive days.
2) 
Tents/canopies may be erected on the same property not more than two times per calendar year. (Town property such as Boothe Memorial Park is exempt as it would be utilized by the public.)
3) 
Tents/canopies shall not exceed a total of 800 square feet in size nor exceed 14 feet in height to the peak.
4) 
Tents/canopies shall not be erected closer than 10 feet from all property lines of the premises and in the case of a corner lot, closer than 25 feet from any street line.
5) 
A permit to erect a tent/canopy is required and may be obtained at the Stratford Building Department. A plot plan drawn to scale shall be submitted showing all buildings on the property and the proposed location and size of the tent/canopy.
6) 
Tents/canopies that are used for recreational camping purposes and do not exceed 120 square feet in size are exempt from all requirements.

6.2.1 Purpose.

These Coastal Area Management Regulations are adopted pursuant to the Connecticut Coastal Area Management Act, Sections 22a-101 and 22a-103. The purposes of these Coastal Area Management regulations are to:
1) 
Assure that development within the coastal area of Stratford is accomplished in a manner which is consistent with the goals and policies of the Connecticut Coastal Area Management Act and with the goals and policies of the Town of Stratford Zoning Commission.
2) 
Promote and encourage public access to and use of the waters of Long Island Sound, Housatonic River and other similar marine and tidal waters as identified in Chapter 444 of the Connecticut General Statutes.

6.2.2 Applicability.

All buildings, uses, and structures, including shoreline flood and erosion control structures, that are fully or partially within the coastal boundary, as defined by Section 22a-94 of the Connecticut General Statutes, shall be subject to the coastal site plan review requirements and procedures in Sections 22a-105 through 22a-109 of the Connecticut General Statutes. High priority and preference shall be given to all buildings, uses and structures that are water-dependent or immediately adjacent to marine and tidal waters.

6.2.3 Definitions.

For the purposes of this section, the following terms are defined as:
COASTAL RESOURCES
As defined by Section 22a-93(7) of the Connecticut General Statutes including, but not limited to, tidal wetlands, coastal bluffs and escarpments, beaches, and dunes.
SHORELINE FLOOD AND EROSION CONTROL STRUCTURE
As defined by Section 22a-109(c) of the Connecticut General Statutes. Generally, this term shall mean any structure the purpose or effect of which is to control flooding or erosion from tidal, coastal, or navigable waters.
WATER-DEPENDENT USES
As defined by Section 22a-93(16) of Connecticut General Statutes including, but not limited to, marinas, commercial and recreational fishing and boating facilities, dock and port facilities, shipyards and boat building facilities, and water-based recreational uses.

6.2.4 Coastal site plan required.

Unless exempted by Section 6.2.5 (Exemptions) below, all development applications, certificates of zoning compliance, variances, and municipal projects within the coastal boundary shall file a coastal site plan application with the appropriate board or commission, on such form as prescribed by the board or commission. Such application shall include, but is not limited to, the following requirements:
1)
A plan showing the location and spatial relationship of coastal resources on and contiguous to the site.
2)
A description of the entire project with appropriate plans, indicating project location, design, timing, and methods of construction.
3)
An assessment of the capability of the resources to accommodate the proposed use.
4)
An assessment of the suitability of the project for the proposed site.
5)
An evaluation of the potential beneficial and adverse impacts of the project on coastal resources and the future water-dependent use of the site.
6)
A description of proposed methods to mitigate adverse effects on coastal resources.
7)
An assessment of the project's consistency with the goals and policies of the Connecticut Coastal Management Act.
In addition to reviewing Coastal Site Plans for compliance with any other applicable standards, requirements, or criteria set forth by these Regulations, the Board or Commission with jurisdiction shall determine whether or not the potential adverse impacts of the proposed activity are acceptable in accordance with Section 22a-106 of the Connecticut General Statutes. In making such determination, the Commission or Board shall consider:
1)
The characteristics of the site, including the location and condition of any of the coastal resources defined in C.G.S. Section 22a-93.
2)
The potential effects, both beneficial and adverse, of the proposed activity on coastal resources and future water-dependent development opportunities.
3)
All applicable goals and policies stated in C.G.S. Section 22a-92 and identify conflicts between the proposed activity and any goal or policy.
4)
The adequacy of any measures taken to mitigate the adverse impacts of the proposed activity on coastal resources and future water-dependent development opportunities.
The Commission or Board shall reserve the right to schedule and hold a public hearing on any Coastal Site Plan Application. In approving any activity proposed in a coastal site plan, the board or commission shall make a written finding that the proposed activity with any conditions or modifications imposed by the board:
1)
Is consistent with all applicable goals and policies in C.G.S. Section 22a-92;
2)
Incorporates as conditions or modifications all reasonable measures which would mitigate the adverse impacts of the proposed activity on both coastal resources and future water-dependent development activities.

6.2.5 Exemptions.

The following activities and uses are exempt from the requirements of this section:
1) 
Gardening, grazing and the harvesting of crops.
2) 
Minor additions to or modifications of existing buildings or detached accessory buildings, such as garages and utility sheds, provided that any addition shall not be more than 10% but not to exceed 5,000 square feet of the existing building area and further provided that such buildings or additions are not located within 100 feet of the coastal resource areas.
3) 
Construction of new or modification of existing structures incidental to the enjoyment and maintenance of residential property including but not limited to walks, terraces, driveways, swimming pools, tennis courts and detached accessory buildings.
4) 
Construction of new or modification of existing on-premise structures including fences, walls, pedestrian walks and terraces, underground utility connections, and such other minor structures as will not substantially alter the natural character of coastal resources or restrict access along the public beach.
5) 
Construction of an individual single-family residential structure except when such structure is in or within 100 feet of the following coastal resource areas: tidal wetlands, coastal bluffs and escarpments, beaches and dunes.
6) 
Activities conducted for the specific purpose of conserving or preserving soil, vegetation, water, fish, shellfish, wildlife and other coastal land and water resources.
7) 
Interior modifications to buildings.
8) 
Minor changes in use of a building, structure, or property except those changes occurring on property adjacent to or abutting coastal waters.

6.2.6 General requirements.

All uses bordering on the waterfront or marine and tidal areas shall provide the following minimum standards, in addition to other requirements as may be required by the Coastal Area Management Act.[1] The Commission, after further review, may exempt other minor uses such as single-family residential, excluding residential subdivisions, from having to provide the following minimum standards.
1) 
Provision must be made on the property for a maximum view of the water from the nearest public street. The view, at a minimum, shall be a straight line uninterrupted, rectangular view lane whose width is not less than 20% of the lineal road or river frontage, whichever is greater. There shall be no building or other permanent obstruction in said view lanes including fences, shrubbery, trees, or other landscaping features higher than four feet.
2) 
A pedestrian access easement shall be located as close to the high tide line as is feasible and designed so that it retains an unobstructed view of the marine frontage to permit public viewing and shall be a minimum of 20 feet wide. The easement shall extend the entire length of the water or marine frontage unless it can be demonstrated to the Zoning Commission that areas of the public walkway would clearly pose unacceptable coastal resource impacts or public health and safety hazards. It shall be improved as a public walkway and shall be connected to a public street or public parking area by a public right-of-way having a minimum width of 10 feet.
3) 
A vehicular access easement, such as but not limited to a greenway or recreational trail, shall be of a width and size suitable to provide safe public ingress and egress to and from the property and shall be located as close to the marine frontage as is feasible.
4) 
The number and location of public parking spaces shall bear a direct relationship to the anticipated use of the public amenities; however, in no instance shall the amount of public parking be less than one space for every 2,500 square feet of the area providing the amenities excluding vehicular easements.
5) 
Development(s) including water-dependent use(s) or mixed-uses shall provide public amenities. A water-dependent use that is water-dependent by virtue of "providing general public access to marine and tidal waters" only shall also provide two or more of the below amenities for general public use. A mixed-use project (water-dependent and non-water-dependent uses) the water-dependent use may be used to satisfy one of these two required amenities.
a) 
All public amenities shall be properly marked on the property to increase public awareness and shall be improved where applicable with such features as benches, picnic tables, lighting, and landscaping.
b) 
All public amenities must be designed and constructed to minimize adverse impacts to coastal resources on and adjacent to the site.
c) 
The use of public access and public amenities may be considered in lieu of a water-dependent use on a site if, and only if, it can successfully be demonstrated that a given site is not suited to a water-dependent use. It must be further demonstrated that the level or size of the amenities are in just proportion to the size of the property or to the intensity of uses existing and/or proposed on the property.
d) 
In any instance in which the public amenity requires state or federal permitting prior to construction, all applicants are urged to obtain state and federal permission prior to applying to the Zoning Commission. If in-water amenities are selected without prior state and federal permits, applicants shall also present an alternative plan incorporating landward public amenities not requiring state and federal permits.
e) 
Public amenities that may be used to satisfy this requirement include:
i) 
Open space easement for public park. The open space easement shall be a minimum of 10% of the lot area in addition to the minimum requirement for the district. The open space area shall be generally contiguous usable land that is unimproved, adequately landscaped and be of a shape that is conducive to passive public park use.
ii) 
Conservation easement for natural preservation. In cases where 10% or more of the entire parcel consists of the following sensitive coastal resources as defined by Section 22a-93(7) of the Connecticut General Statutes; tidal wetlands, coastal bluffs and escarpments, beach and dune systems, the applicant may provide a conservation easement over all of the sensitive coastal resource area to preserve and maintain it for future passive use and public enjoyment.
iii) 
Canoe and/or boat ramp. The ramp shall be of such size as to accommodate general public use and shall be connected to a public street by a public right-of-way. The ramp must be constructed of a durable surface to the mean low water mark and constructed at a grade as to accommodate easy launching and removal from the water.
iv) 
Fishing pier/public viewing walkway. The pier shall be so located as to provide reasonable fishing opportunities, be of a size and length as to accommodate general public use and be connected to a public street or public parking area by a public right-of-way. The viewing walkway shall extend from the public pedestrian walkway into the water or marine area a reasonable distance so as to maximize the water and marine views.
v) 
Public docking facilities. The number of docks available to the public for transient boaters, short term tie-up and/or public safety use by the Town shall not be less than one boat slip for each 10,000 square feet of proposed non-water-dependent commercial floor space shall not be less than one boat slip for each 10 residential units or be less than 10% of the total number of boat slips, whichever is the greater number.
vi) 
Upland winter boat storage. The area of boat storage shall bear a direct relationship to the size of the property, the intensity of the proposed use and shall be connected to a public street by a public right-of-way.
vii) 
Boat rentals. The number of boat rentals shall bear a direct relationship to the intensity of existing or proposed uses.
[1]
Editor's Note: See C.G.S. § 22a-90 et seq.

6.3.1 Purpose.

The purpose of this regulation is to establish the standards and requirements related to earth removal or additions and fill in the Town of Stratford.

6.3.2 Applicability.

For the purposes of this regulation, earth removal, additions and fill shall include excavation, filling, grading, removal, the bringing in of, and processing of earth materials. Except as provided in this section, there shall be no removal of earth material, including sand, gravel, clay, or quarry stone, in excess of 50 cubic yards from any 10,000 square feet of area, except as necessary surplus material resulting from a construction operation for which a building permit has been issued. Nothing in this section shall prevent the removal of soil from one lot to another within an approved subdivision for grading purposes.

6.3.3 Removal or addition of topsoil and loam.

The removal or addition of topsoil or loam in excess of 50 cubic yards or 10,000 square foot of area is permitted in all districts and shall require an erosion and sediment control review application, approved by the Planning and Zoning Administrator, provided that:
1) 
Removal or additions do not exceed a depth of 12 inches;
2) 
Four inches of topsoil shall remain; and
3) 
A maintenance plan is approved by the Conservation Superintendent prior to Zoning Commission approval, ensuring that the entire disturbed area is seeded with a suitable cover crop or is put to cultivation within a reasonable time.
The fee for such a permit shall be $3 for the first 10,000 square feet of area, or fraction thereof, and $2 for each additional 10,000 square feet, or fraction thereof.

6.3.4 Removal of gravel, clay, stone, or sand.

The removal of gravel, clay, stone, or sand (and other earth material not covered by Section 6.3.3, above) in excess of 50 cubic yards or 10,000 square feet of area is permitted in all districts provided that the Zoning Commission has granted special permit approval. Such approval shall require:
1)
A public hearing; and
2)
That the removal shall be conducted within two years of the approval.
In granting or refusing such approval, the Zoning Commission shall consider the effect of such removal upon surface and sanitary drainage, traffic safety, noise and dust, and any other pertinent factors. Approval will be subject to all of the following stipulations:
1)
The applicant shall submit a plan of the entire area from which removal shall be made, showing by a two-foot contour line and their elevations the existing and the finished grade together with the estimate by a registered civil engineer or land surveyor of the amount of material to be removed. The applicant shall state the time required for such removal.
2)
The plan shall provide for proper drainage of the area during and after completion and no bank shall exceed a slope of one foot of vertical rise in 1 1/2 feet of horizontal distance except in ledge rock. No removal shall take place within 20 feet of a property line or any boundary of the plan except that where the grade from a property line or said boundary rises toward the removal area, material lying above the grade at the property line or said boundary may be removed.
3
At the conclusion of the operation or of any substantial portion thereof, as determined by the Planning and Zoning Administrator, the whole area where removal takes place shall be covered with not less than four inches of topsoil and seeded with a suitable cover crop, except where ledge rock is exposed. In industrial districts surface dustproofing may be used in place of topsoil and seeding.
4)
Except in an industrial district, no stone crusher, washer, grader, sifter, or other machinery not required for actual removal of material shall be used.
5)
Fees for this permit shall be $10 for the first 1,000 cubic yards or fraction thereof to be removed, and $2.50 for each additional 1,000 cubic yards or fraction thereof to be removed. Fees for the entire estimated amount to be removed shall be paid before the permit is issued. No permit shall be issued for a part of such removal.
6)
Prior to beginning the removal of such material, the applicant shall file a surety bond with the Zoning Commission in an amount approved by the Director of Public Works or their designee as sufficient to guarantee completion of removal and conformity with the provisions of these Regulations or any amendments thereto in force at the time of filing. A copy of the map required under Subsection 1) (above) shall be part of the bond. Such bond shall not be released by the Zoning Commission until written certification from the Director of Public Works has been received that all of the requirements of these Regulations have been fully satisfied.

6.4 Encroachments and lot standards.

The following considerations shall be required in all districts, unless otherwise noted. These additional encroachment and lot standards shall be required in addition to those described in Section 3 (Districts), Section 4.4 (Use Related Standards), and Section 5 (Special Development Types).

6.4.1 Encroachments.

1) 
Nothing in these Regulations shall prohibit the projection of features, such as ramps, lifts, and other building access improvements to accommodate provisions of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). Such features are exempt from the required setbacks. In addition, the Zoning Enforcement Officer reserves the right to refer any proposed modification to the Zoning Board of Appeals for a public hearing, if they feel a proposed modification does not meet the intent of this regulation. If the proposed building access modification does not comply with the provisions of the ADA, it shall adhere to all setbacks outlined herein.
2) 
Nothing in these Regulations shall prohibit the projection not more than two feet into a required open space of pilasters, columns, belt courses, sills, cornices, or other similar architectural features, nor the planting or landscaping of such open spaces except as provided in Section 6.5 (Sight Distances).

6.4.2 Minimum lot standards.

A. 
Area. The area covered by waterbodies, watercourses, tidal wetlands and/or freshwater inland wetlands, as defined in Chapter 440 of the Connecticut General Statutes, shall not be used in computing, or complying with lot area. For new lots being created through the subdivision process (§ 8-26, C.G.S.), no more than 30% of the minimum lot area requirement may be satisfied with land which possesses a natural slope of 25% or greater.
B. 
Pervious coverage and open space.
1) 
The first half of the minimum required front yard shall consist of non-impervious surfaces and shall be landscaped with trees, shrubs, lawns, or suitable ground cover. Provision shall be made for walkways and driveways necessary for operation.
2) 
Except as specifically provided herein, no part of any yard or other open space required for any building may be included as part of a yard or other open space required for any other building.
3) 
The minimum open space and the maximum impervious area requirements shall be adhered to prior to any increase or alteration of impervious area, floor area and building area square footage.
C. 
Frontage. No building shall be built on any lot unless such lot complies with the dimensional standards of the underlying zone, or such lot was created legally prior to the establishment of these Regulations.
D. 
Living space. All dwelling units shall provide an adequate living space area in accordance with all applicable Building and Fire Codes.
E. 
Number of structures.
1) 
No lot in any residential district, except a lot containing a multifamily 3+ development, or townhouse dwellings, or institutional services, shall contain more than one principal building, unless otherwise authorized in these Regulations.
2) 
Lots located within a commercial or industrial district are permitted, by special permit, to have more than one principal building on such lot.
F. 
Yards.
1) 
In the case of lots fronting on streets containing less than 60 feet in right-of-way width, the required front yard shall be increased by 1/2 the difference between 60 feet and the actual width of the street right-of-way except on streets where dwellings exist, in which case the required setback shall conform to the average of the setbacks of the existing dwellings within 200 feet in either direction along the street line but not required to exceed the minimum setback for the district in which located.
2) 
In the case of that portion of a lot in a district other than a residence district, where contiguous to a railroad right-of-way no side or rear yard shall be required.
3) 
The required yard space may not be used for material storage or any manufacturing or business purpose. The required front yard and the space between the building and the street or between the required enclosure and the street shall be maintained in such condition as to create no fire, police, or health hazard.

6.5.1 Purpose.

The purpose of this regulation is to establish the minimum standards and requirements related to erosion and sediment control in the Town of Stratford, pursuant to Chapter 446h, § 22a-325 of the Connecticut General Statutes.

6.5.2 Applicability.

A soil erosion and sediment control plan shall be submitted with any application for development when the disturbed area of such development is cumulatively more than 1/2 acre.
A single-family dwelling that is not a part of a subdivision of land shall be exempt from these Regulations if the disturbed area of such development is cumulatively less than one acre, however, the Zoning Enforcement Officer may require perimeter erosion and sediment controls for such developments as deemed necessary to protect downstream catch basins from debris and sedimentation.

6.5.3 Definitions.

For the purposes of this regulation, the following terms are defined as:
CERTIFICATION
A signed, written approval by the Stratford Planning or Zoning Commission that a soil erosion and sediment control plan complies with the applicable requirements of these Regulations.
CONSTRUCTION WASTES
Any construction debris, by-products or residue that may cause adverse impacts to water quality including but not limited to the following: discarded building materials, concrete truck washouts, asphalt fragments, chemicals, litter, sanitary wastes, and property clearing and grubbing wastes including stumps.
COUNTY SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION DISTRICT
The Fairfield County Soil and Water Conservation District established under Subsection (2) of § 22a-315 of the General Statutes.
DISTURBED AREA
An area where the ground cover is destroyed or removed leaving the land subject to accelerated erosion.
EROSION
The detachment and movement of soil or rock fragments by water, wind, ice or gravity.
INSPECTION
The periodic review of sediment and erosion control measures shown on the certified plan.
SEDIMENT
Solid material, either mineral or organic, that is in suspension, is transported, or has been moved from its site of origin by erosion.
SOIL EROSION AND SEDIMENT CONTROL PLAN
A scheme that minimizes soil erosion and sedimentation resulting from development and includes, but is not limited to, a map and narrative.

6.5.4 Soil erosion and sediment control plan.

A soil erosion and sediment control plan shall be developed in accordance with these Regulations using the principles, methods, and practices as outlined in the Connecticut Guidelines for Soil Erosion and Sediment Control, as may be amended. Alternative principles, methods, and practices may be used with prior approval by the Commission. Soil erosion and sediment control plans shall result in a development that:
1)
Minimizes erosion and sedimentation during construction.
2)
Stabilizes and protects from erosion when completed.
3)
Does not cause off-site erosion and/or sedimentation.
To be eligible for certification by the Commission, a soil erosion and sediment control plan shall contain proper provisions to adequately control accelerated erosion and sedimentation and reduce the danger from stormwater runoff on the proposed site based on the best available technology. The appropriate method from the Connecticut Guidelines for Soil Erosion and Sediment Control, as may be amended, shall be used in determining peak flow rates and volumes of runoff unless an alternative method is approved by the Planning or Zoning Commission. The Planning or Zoning Commission may grant exceptions when specifically requested by the applicant if technically sound reasons are presented. The erosion and sediment control plan shall contain, but not be limited to:
1) 
A narrative describing:
a) 
The development.
b) 
The schedule for grading and construction activities including:
i) 
Start and completion dates.
ii) 
Sequence of grading and construction activities.
iii) 
Sequence for installation and/or application of soil erosion and erosion and sediment control measures.
iv) 
Sequence for final stabilization of the project site.
c) 
The design criteria for proposed soil erosion and sediment control measures and stormwater management facilities.
d) 
The construction details for proposed soil erosion and sediment control measures and stormwater management facilities.
e) 
The installation and/or application procedures for proposed soil erosion and sediment control measures and stormwater management facilities.
f) 
The operations and maintenance program for proposed soil erosion and sediment control measures and stormwater management facilities.
g) 
The provisions for controlling construction wastes.
2) 
A site plan map at a sufficient scale to show:
a) 
The location of the proposed development and adjacent properties.
b) 
The existing and proposed topography including soil types, wetlands, watercourses and water bodies.
c) 
The existing structures on the project site, if any.
d) 
The proposed area alterations including cleared, excavated, filled or graded areas and proposed structures, utilities, roads, the location of all construction wastes and, if applicable, new property lines.
e) 
The locations of and design details for all proposed soil erosion and sediment control measures and stormwater management facilities.
f) 
The sequence of grading and construction activities.
g) 
The sequence for installation and/or application of soil erosion and sediment control measures.
h) 
The sequence for final stabilization of the development site.
3) 
Any other information deemed necessary and appropriate by the applicant or requested by the pertinent commission or the Planning and Zoning Administrator.

6.5.5 Plan certification.

1) 
The Planning or Zoning Commission shall either certify that the soil erosion and sediment control plan, as filed, complies with the requirements and objectives of these Regulations, or deny certification when the development proposal does not comply with these Regulations.
2) 
Prior to certification, any plan submitted to the Planning or Zoning Commission may be reviewed by the Southwest Conservation District which may make recommendations concerning such plan, provided such review shall be completed within 30 days of the receipt of such plan.
3) 
The Planning or Zoning Commission may forward a copy of the development proposal to the Stratford Conservation Commission, other Town of Stratford department, commission or agency, or any consultant for review and/or comment.
4) 
Nothing in these Regulations shall be construed as extending the time limits for approval of any application under Chapters 124, 124A or 126 of the General Statutes.

6.5.6 Approval conditions.

1) 
A performance bond may be required in accordance with Chapter 124, § 8-3 for erosion and sediment controls.
2) 
Site development shall not begin unless the soil erosion and sediment control plan is certified and inspected by the Zoning Enforcement Officer and those control measures and facilities in the plan schedule for installation prior to site development are installed and functional.
3) 
Planned soil erosion and sediment control measures and facilities shall be installed as scheduled according to the certified plan.
4) 
All control measures and facilities shall be maintained in effective condition to ensure the compliance of the certified plan. Maintenance shall be performed in accordance with the Connecticut Guidelines for Soil Erosion and Sediment Control, as amended. If additional maintenance is required to protect surface waters or wetlands from pollution, the SESC Plan shall include a description of the procedures required to maintain in good and effective operating condition all erosion and sediment control measures identified in the plan.
5) 
Inspection shall be made by the Planning or Zoning Commission or the Planning and Zoning Administrator, or the Zoning Enforcement Officer, or its, his or their designated agent, during development to ensure compliance with the certified plan and that control measures and facilities are properly performed or installed and maintained. The Commission may require the permittee to verify, through progress reports, that soil erosion and sediment control measures and facilities have been performed or installed according to the certified plan and are being operated and maintained. It shall be the responsibility of the permittee to provide proper notification for inspection of control measures and facilities that are required prior to proceeding with any development work which is affected by the installation of these measures. Failure to provide this notification shall nullify any approvals given by the Commission on the project site.

6.6 Mechanical equipment setbacks and screening.

1) 
Generator and propane tanks shall be setback at minimum of three feet from side and rear property lines, shall not be located in between the principal structure and the street, and shall comply with all Building and Fire Codes. All generators and propane tanks shall be screened from view of abutting properties.
2) 
Transformers located on a private property shall be painted so as to blend in with its surroundings and screened from view of abutting properties, using vegetation.
3) 
Gas and electric meters shall be located on the side or rear of a structure and completely screened from public view.
4) 
All rooftop mechanical equipment shall be screened.

6.7.1 Purpose.

The purpose of this regulation is to set lighting standards that for the Town of Stratford that reduce glare, avoid light trespass onto adjacent properties and public streets, reduce light pollution and avoid sky glow caused by upward illumination,

6.7.2 Applicability.

The standards of this section shall apply to the installation or replacement of outdoor lighting fixtures at commercial, industrial, and residential properties with more than three units.

6.7.3 Exemptions.

The following types of lighting are exempt from these regulations:
1) 
Critical lighting used by police, fire, or emergency services.
2) 
Historical statues and monuments.
3) 
Traditional, temporary seasonal or holiday lighting (November through January).
4) 
Short-term lighting authorized by a special event approval.

6.7.4 Definitions.

FIXTURE
A gas-powered, battery-powered, solar-powered, or electrically powered device that is secured to a wall, ceiling, pole, or post that is used to hold one or more lamps (or jets) and is intended to emit light.
GLARE
The effect of visual discomfort resulting from insufficiently shielded light sources shining horizontally in the field of view; intense and sometimes blinding light that reduces visibility.
LIGHT POLLUTION
A form of excessive nighttime light that can cause adverse effects and degrade environmental quality.
LIGHT TRESPASS
Light that strays from the intended purpose and becomes an annoyance, a nuisance, or a deterrent to visual performance.
LIGHT, DIRECT
Light that is visible from either the light source or reflected off the fixture's housing.
LIGHT, FULL CUTOFF
A light fixture that is fully shielded or emitting no light above the lowest light-emitting horizontal plane of the fixture.
LUMINAIRE
The complete lighting unit designed to distribute the light, position, and protect the light sources, and connect the light sources to the power supply. A light fixture consists of a lamp, a ballast, and a lens. Another word for a "light fixture."
MOUNTED FIXTURE HEIGHT
The height of a complete fixture from the top point of any part of the fixture to the ground directly below where the supporting pole or wall or other support structure meets the ground surface.

6.7.5 Lighting standards.

A. 
Light trespass.
1) 
Outdoor lighting shall not be located or directed in such a way as to produce glare or discomfort on public streets or neighboring properties. Direct light from the luminaire shall not be visible at any point along the property line at a height of greater than five feet.
2) 
When utilizing an outdoor, mounted lighting fixture, the light-emitting part must emit the light exclusively downward.
3) 
Lighting fixtures for building security or any display purposes shall be top downward (not upward or sideways), and full cut off or fully recessed (flush mounted).
B. 
Illumination.
1) 
At its brightest illumination level, as depicted on the manufacturer's specification sheet, no outdoor light shall exceed the level of illumination as contained in the Recommended Practices of the Illuminating Engineering Society.
C. 
Light controls.
1) 
All outdoor must be controlled with a timer or motion sensor that:
a) 
Turns lights off from 11:00 pm to 6:00 am; or
b) 
Turn lights off after 15 minutes of inactivity; or
c) 
Reduces the power output by 75% after 15 minutes of no detected activity.
2) 
All outdoor lighting fixtures necessary for security purposes shall be activated by motion-sensor devices that turn the light off after 15 minutes of no activity.
D. 
Additional standards for commercial and industrial sites.
1) 
Large expanses of internally illuminated windows or wall openings visible from the property boundary are to be avoided. Interior light fixtures at buildings with a window-to-wall ratio greater than 35% shall be controlled by:
a) 
An occupant sensor control to automatically turn off within 20 minutes after all occupants have left the space; or
b) 
Time-switch controls that automatically turn off within one hour of close of business or no later than 12:00 a.m. (midnight), whichever is earlier. The control must feature a minimum seven-day clock, backup capability in the event of power interruption, and "holiday" programming.
c) 
Exceptions to the above requirements [Subsection D1)a) and b)] include:
i) 
Where patient care is directly provided.
ii) 
Where an automatic shutoff would directly endanger occupant safety or security.
iii) 
Instructional shops and laboratory classrooms.
2) 
All new or replacement sign lighting shall use light fixtures positioned above the sign and pointed downwards. Uplighting of signs and internally illuminated exterior signs are prohibited. Sign lighting requirements apply to both a freestanding sign and a sign attached to a building. These requirements do not apply to temporary signs of 30 days or less.
3) 
Parking lots, sidewalks, and other areas accessible to pedestrians and automobiles on properties with four or more commercial or industrial units and mixed-use developments shall be illuminated with uniform and adequate intensity.

6.7.6 Submittal requirements.

A lighting plan shall be required for any residential development greater than three units and commercial and industrial properties subject to these lighting standards. The lighting plan shall submit include the following:
1) 
A site plan indicating the location of all outdoor lighting fixtures.
2) 
A description of each lighting fixture. This description may include, but not be limited to, manufacturer's catalog cuts and drawings (including sections if requested), lamp types, lamp color ratings and lumen output ratings.
3) 
Photometric plans, prepared, stamped and signed by a licensed professional engineer qualified in outdoor lighting, depicting the location of all outdoor lighting fixtures and building-mounted lighting fixtures and a maximum ten-foot by ten-foot grid of both the initial and maintained lighting levels on the site, including any impact on adjacent properties.
4) 
A project lighting plan indicating how the lighting complies with the requirements set out in the Connecticut State Building Code for outdoor lighting, including the light pollution controls amendment to the International Building Code (Section 2703), and the 2021 International Energy Conservation Code rules on exterior lighting controls (C405.2.7);
5) 
The project lighting plan shall indicate how lighting has been coordinated with any associated landscaping plan to prevent site planning conflicts; and
6) 
Any other information the governing authority may determine is necessary to ensure that the proposed lighting complies with the provisions of these requirements.

6.7.7 Enforcement.

These regulations shall be enforced by the Zoning Enforcement Officer or Building Inspector empowered to inspect any exterior lighting and, for any violation of these Regulations, issue an order in writing for violations to be corrected or terminated.

6.8.1 Purpose.

The purpose of this regulation is to establish the minimum standards and requirements for off-street parking and loading facilities within the Town of Stratford.

6.8.2 Applicability.

1) 
Parking facilities off the street or highway right of way shall be provided to serve all buildings erected, moved, altered, or enlarged and all areas otherwise developed after the adoption of these Regulations.
2) 
Structures and land uses in existence, or for which building permits have been approved at the time of the adoption of these Regulations, shall not be subject to the parking or loading space requirement of these Regulations, provided that any parking and loading facilities then existing to serve such structures or uses shall not in the future be reduced, except where they exceed such requirements, in which case they shall not be reduced below such requirements. Required parking and loading facilities shall, however, be provided as a condition for the issuance of any building permit for any enlargement of such structures or uses in the future.
3) 
Required off-street parking facilities which, after development, are later dedicated to and accepted by the Town, shall be deemed to continue to serve the uses or structures for which they were originally provided.

6.8.3 General requirements.

1) 
Required parking facilities shall be sufficient to accommodate the motor and other vehicles of all occupants, employees, customers, and other persons normally visiting such building or lot at any one time.
2) 
Required parking facilities shall be located on the same lot as the building or other use which they serve, except that upon the approval of the Zoning Commission, required parking facilities may be located on abutting properties not more than 200 feet from such building or use, measured in a straight line to the nearest space for vehicular parking. All permitted or required loading berths shall be on the same lot as the use to which they are accessory.
3) 
It is strongly encouraged that all required minimum parking and loading facilities that are associated with new construction or redevelopment be located to the rear of the principal building.
4) 
Required minimum parking and loading facilities shall be provided with minimum surfacing of bituminous concrete. Alternative surfaces such as gravel or a similar material, may be used if the Town Engineer recommends such alternative application is beneficial. All parking spaces adjacent to a street shall have a concrete safety curb not less than eight inches high, except at point of access. If the area for parking is 40,000 square feet or more, the drainage of said area shall be subject to the approval of the engineering department of the Town of Stratford.
5) 
No parking in connection with any non-residential use shall be so located that motor vehicles may enter or leave the parking area across a sidewalk, except at a point or points approved as part of a plan as required by Section 6.8.10.
6) 
A parking space for one motor vehicle shall have minimum dimensions of nine feet in width and 18 feet in length exclusive of driveways, aisles and maneuvering space appurtenant thereto, and shall have direct access to a street.
7) 
Each required loading spaces shall be at least 12 feet wide, 33 feet long, and 14 feet high. Unobstructed access, at least 10 feet wide, to and from a street shall be provided. Such access may be combined with access to a parking lot.
8) 
The use of land for access to and for parking in connection with a use shall be considered to be accessory to and part of such use, except that this provision shall not prohibit access across a commercial district to a use lying in an industrial district.

6.8.4 Required number of parking spaces.

Unless otherwise specifically approved by the Zoning Commission, required parking facilities shall contain not less than the minimum areas set forth below, exclusive of driveways necessary for access. Except in the case of one, two, and three family dwellings, rooftop, or indoor parking, excluding ramps, may be included in the required area. When two or more different uses are located on a single lot, the total number of parking and/or loading spaces to be provided shall be the sum of the requirements for each individual use on the lot. The minimum required parking spaces are outlined in the tables below. Sufficient parking facilities shall be provided for any use not specified below. All such parking facilities shall comply with all applicable standards of Section 6.8.
A. 
Required spaces by use.
Residential Uses
Parking Spaces Required
Single-family dwelling
1 per unit
Two and three family dwellings
1 per unit
Multifamily dwelling (3+ units)
Efficiency or 1-bedroom: 1 per unit
2-bedroom: 1.5 per unit
3+ bedroom: 2 per unit
Guest parking: additional 10% of total required spaces
Accessory dwelling unit
1
Boarding/boarding house
1 per guest room/suite
Older adult housing community
2 per unit
Additional parking: 6 per 1,000 square feet of community building and visitor parking
Residential open space development
2 per unit
Nursing homes
1 per 3 beds
Home-based business(es)
4, maximum
Community, Government, or Institutional Uses
Parking Spaces Required
Places of assembly, religious institutions/places of worship
1 per every 4 seats or 1 per 200 square feet, whichever is greater
Commercial Uses
Parking Spaces Required
Automotive services
1 per 200 square feet or 3 per bay/lift
Automotive dealership
1 per 1,000 square feet of floor area
Business offices, financial institutions
1 per 300 square feet of gross floor area
Boat sales or storage
1 per 1,000 square feet of floor area
Childcare facility (day care facilities)
1 per employee, plus 1 per 10 kids
Funeral and mortuary services
1 per 100 square feet of floor area open to the public
Gas stations
1 per pump, plus 1 for every 150 square feet of floor area
Grocery stores, convenience markets
1 per 200 square feet
Health clubs/gyms
1 per 250 square feet
Hospitals
1 per 3 patient beds
Hotels
1 per guest room/suite
Indoor recreation facility
1 per 250 square feet of floor area
Marinas and yacht clubs
1 per boat berth/mooring and 1 boat (10 feet by 40 feet) trailer space per 20 boat berths
Medical offices, outpatient facility, urgent care facility
1 per 200 square feet of gross floor area
Motels, bed and breakfast inn
1 per guest room and 1 per 600 square feet of additional floor space
Places of assembly, private
1 per 150 square feet of floor area
Self-storage facility
1 per 5,000 square feet of gross floor area
Restaurant, take out
1 per 250 square feet of gross floor area, including outdoor service areas
Restaurant, full-service
1 per 100 square feet of floor area, including outdoor service areas
Retail sales, personal services
1 per 300 square feet of gross floor area
Veterinary clinic, animal hospital
1 per 200 square feet of floor area
Industrial Uses
Parking Spaces Required
Distribution facilities
1 per 1,000 square feet of floor area
Manufacturing, assembly, packaging, processing, cannabis production
1.25 per employee scheduled for the largest daily work shift
Warehouses and wholesale
1 per 1,000 square feet of gross floor area
Brew pubs/tasting rooms
1 per 150 square feet of floor area
Laboratories
1 per employee on largest daily shift
Landscaping facilities
3 per 1,000 square feet of floor area
Contractor yards
1 per 1,000 square feet of lot area
Truck terminals
1 per 1,000 square feet gross floor area
B. 
Required spaces in the TOD. The minimum required parking for a TOD development shall be determined by the mix of uses proposed in such development, in accordance with the table below. Indoor parking may be included in the required parking spaces.
Use
Spaces Required
Efficiency or one-bedroom dwelling
1 space per unit
For each bedroom in excess of 1 bedroom
0.25 spaces per additional bedroom
Financial institutions, office buildings, retail stores, personal service shops, and other similar uses
3 spaces per 1,000 square feet of gross floor area
Medical offices
1 space per 250 square feet of gross floor area
Restaurants, taverns, bars
1 space per 100 square feet of gross floor area
Others
See Section 6.8.4A (above)

6.8.5 Shared or reduced parking facilities.

1) 
The Commission may, subject to special permit approval, approve the shared use of parking and/or loading spaces by two or more establishments on the same or on contiguous lots containing not less than 200 spaces, where the lot or lots contain two or more distinct uses.
2) 
On lots serving more than one use, the total number of required parking spaces may be reduced, provided that the applicant submits credible evidence to the satisfaction of the Zoning Commission that the peak parking demand of the uses do not coincide, and that the accumulated parking demand at any one time shall not exceed the total capacity of the facility. Such evidence must consider the parking demand of residents, employees, customers, visitors, and any other uses of the lot. It must also consider parking demand on both weekends and weekdays, and both during the daytime and overnight.
3) 
The Commission shall find that the number of spaces to be provided will meet the intent of these regulations by reason of variation of the probable time of maximum use of patrons or employees of such establishments and that additional parking on the street will not occur. In such cases, the Commission may authorize a reduction in parking of up to 30% of the total required.
4) 
Where an applicant cannot provide the required parking spaces on the subject lot, the Zoning Commission may permit the use of parking facilities within a readily accessible area no more than 200 feet from the site to satisfy the parking requirements. The applicant shall submit proof acceptable to the Zoning Commission and documents satisfactory to the Town Attorney to assure the adequacy and continuation of such additional or substitute parking facilities during the use of the premises by the applicant and all successors. If the use of the premises is changed, enlarged, or extended by a subsequent user, such subsequent user will provide off-street parking facilities for its own use, in accordance with the requirements of Section 6.8 of these Regulations.

6.8.6 Compact parking spaces.

In parking lots that are over 50 spaces in size, 35% of the spaces can be made to service compact motor vehicles. All or any part of the parking spaces provided in addition to those required by these Regulations may be for compact vehicles. Compact parking spaces shall be built to the following standards:
1) 
The size of these compact spaces shall be eight feet in width by 16 feet in length.
2) 
Compact parking stalls shall be grouped in contiguous, uniform stalls and shall have signs placed in appropriate locations indicating parking for compact vehicles only.

6.8.8 Bicycle parking.

Bicycle parking facilities shall be provided at new developments and redevelopment sites at the following rates, when applicable.
1) 
Residential developments with three or more units shall provide bicycle parking facilities at a quantity sufficient to provide one space per unit. No such development shall be required to provide more than 35 total bicycle parking spaces.
2) 
Commercial sites, excluding automotive and animal related uses, shall provide bicycle parking facilities at a quantity sufficient to provide one space per 10 required parking spaces.
3) 
Educational, recreational, and public uses shall provide bicycle parking facilities at a rate deemed appropriate by Town Staff or the Commission.
4) 
It is strongly encouraged that all bicycle parking facilities be located in an area that is covered or fully enclosed within the building, inclusive of bicycle racks.

6.8.9 Commercial parking in a residential district.

Off-street parking permitted by special permit, associated with a commercial use in a RS or RM District, shall meet the following standards:
1) 
No vehicles can be parked within 50 feet of any residential structure not on the lot.
2) 
The area used for parking shall be separated from adjacent RS or RM Districts by a fence not less than four feet high and obscuring at least 50% of the vision through any square foot of fence area, except that for 20 feet from any street line the fence may be reduced to three feet in height.
3) 
Lighting for any parking area shall be so arranged or shaded that the source of light is not visible from any residence window off the lot and within 75 feet of the light source.
4) 
Where the above requirements are not necessary to protect adjacent RS or RM uses from undue noise or light, as determined by the Zoning Commission, the Commission may approve the use with lesser requirements as a special permit under Section 7.3.4 of these Regulations.
5) 
No required off-street parking facility shall be developed within the required front yard or shall be developed within five feet of a side or rear lot line.
6) 
Any parking required for business uses in a business district shall not be provided in an RS or RM District. Any parking required for industrial uses in an industrial district shall not be provided in a RS or RM district.

6.8.10 Required number of loading spaces.

Unless otherwise specifically approved by the Zoning Commission, required loading facilities shall contain not less than the minimum areas set forth below. Reasonable and appropriate off-street loading requirements for structures and land uses which do not fall within the categories listed above shall be determined, in each case, by the Zoning Commission which shall consider all factors entering into the loading and unloading needs of such use.
Use
Spaces Required
Places of assembly, hospitals, nursing homes
1 berth for the first 5,000-10,000 square feet of floor area
1 berth for each additional 25,000 square feet of floor area
Business offices, laboratory establishments
1 berth for the first 10,000-25,000 square feet of floor area
1 berth for each additional 25,000 square feet of floor area (up to 100,000 square feet)
1 berth for each additional 50,000 square feet above 100,000 square feet of floor area
Mixed-use buildings (offices, retail, services)
1 berth for the first 5,000-10,000 square feet of floor area
1 berth for each additional 15,000 square feet of floor area
Funeral and mortuary services
1 berth, at least 10 feet wide, 20 feet long, and 7.5 feet high
Hotels
1 berth for each 20,000 square feet of floor area
Manufacturing, wholesale, storage, and laundries
1 berth for the first 5,000-10,000 square feet of floor area
1 berth for each additional 25,000 square feet of floor area
Restaurants and other food and beverage services
1 berth for the first 2,500-5,000 square feet of floor area
1 berth for each additional 7,500 square feet of floor area

6.8.11 Landscaping of parking areas.

In order to enhance the appearance of a property and to protect property values through the preservation of existing vegetation and the establishment of new landscaping and to shade parking areas from heat and glare while providing privacy from noise and visual intrusion, all new parking lots containing 15 or more spaces, all parking lots increasing in size by 15 or more parking spaces, and all parking lots serving new or modified uses that require 15 or more spaces shall be landscaped as follows:
1) 
All landscaping within parking areas shall utilize native species suitable for planting in proximity to impervious areas. Appendix A (Plant List) of the Connecticut Stormwater Quality Manual may be used in selecting plant species.
2) 
Tall shade trees, at least three inches in caliper, shall be planted and/or maintained within all surface parking lots and shall be evenly distributed at the rate of one tree for every 10 parking spaces. Shade trees shall mean any deciduous tree whose mature height of its species can be expected to exceed 35 feet and that has an expected crown spread of 30 feet or more.
3) 
The positioning of islands shall be designed to aid in the circulation and traffic safety within the parking lot which may include the periodic use of continuous landscape dividers to discourage unintended site circulation patterns.
4) 
Tall shade or flowering deciduous trees, at least three inches in caliper, shall be planted and/or maintained within the front landscaped area at the rate of one tree for every 50 feet of property frontage.
5) 
All trees shall be planted in curbed porous islands at least five feet in diameter. All trees shall be further protected from damage with guidelines and shall be maintained in a healthy growing condition in perpetuity.
6) 
All parking areas shall be screened from the street through the use of hedges, approximately four feet in height, or landscaped berms. If berms are used, the height of the hedge may be reduced in accordance with the height of the berm above the parking lot edge.
7) 
All parking and access areas shall maintain a minimum 12-foot setback buffer to any Residence District. Evergreen trees, at least six feet in height, shall be planted and/or maintained within this buffer area at the rate of one tree for every 10 feet.
8) 
All open space areas shall be mulched or grassed. Low shrubs or flowers shall be planted so as to cover a minimum of 25% of the open space area with the intent on covering a minimum of 50% of the area at maturity. Low shrubs or flowers shall be planted at entry areas and other focal points to provide color and interest.
9) 
For every 1,000 square feet of refitted commercial or industrial space which requires a building permit, the applicant or owner shall plant one shade tree, at least three inches in caliper, in the parking lot interior area until the minimum requirement is met. Thereafter, trees in the front landscaped area and buffer areas shall be planted until those minimum requirements are met. If it is determined that there is no area suitable for the new trees within the parking lot interior area without removing required parking spaces, then the required trees may be planted along the perimeter of the lot.
10) 
On properties or specific areas of properties which are proven to be environmentally contaminated, shallow-rooted flowering trees may be substituted for tall shade trees upon the approval of the zoning office. In cases where shallow rooted flowering trees cannot be planted, even with the use of raised planting beds, then shrubs, 2 1/2 to three feet in height may be planted at the rate of three shrubs for every 10 parking spaces upon the approval of the zoning office.

6.8.12 Review and approval required.

1) 
Plans for any new building or any expansion of an existing building, when submitted for a building permit, shall show specifically the location and use of such building, all required parking spaces, and, in the case of non-residential use, the loading space required to comply with the regulations and the means of access to such space from the public street or highways.
2) 
Except for residences, no building permit shall be issued until such plan for parking and loading space and access to it and required improvements shall be submitted to the Office of Planning and Zoning for approval of traffic access, traffic circulation, and general layout of the parking facility and required improvements are planned with regard to safety to traffic on the public street and safety and adequacy of access for cars and pedestrians using the parking facility.
3) 
To assure the completion of the required parking facilities, a zoning compliance report that said work is in conformance with these Regulations shall not be issued by the Planning and Zoning Administrator until the applicant files a performance bond with said Administrator in favor of the Town of Stratford in an amount determined by the Administrator to cover the cost of the required work. All work, the performance of which is secured by said bond, shall be completed within two years from the date of the bond or six months from the issuance by the Building Official of a certificate of occupancy, whichever shall first occur.

6.9.1 Purpose.

The purpose of this regulation is to establish standards and requirements for the development of a rear lot, as defined in Section 2.2 of these Regulations.

6.9.2 Applicability.

Rear lots are permitted in the Single-Family Residence Districts and the Two and Three Family Residence District. A single-family residence is the only permitted use on a rear lot. No multifamily residences are permitted.

6.9.3 Dimensional standards.

The following dimensional standards shall apply to all rear lot development within the above-mentioned districts. All rear lot developments are exempt from the frontage requirements of the underlying district, provided the following dimensional standards are met.
District
Minimums
Lot Dimensions
Yards
Area
(square feet)
Width
Depth
Front
(feet)
Side
(feet)
Rear
(feet)
RS-1
60,000
A rectangle meeting the minimum lot width and lot depth of the applicable zoning district must fit within the rear lot
60
52.5
52.5
RS-2
30,000
45
30
52.5
RS-3
15,000
37.5
18
45
RS-4
11,250
30
15
37.5
RM-1
11,250
22.5
15
37.5

6.9.4 General requirements.

1) 
Each rear lot shall have access to a street by means of an unobstructed accessway held in the same fee ownership as the rear lot (not by easement). The area of the accessway shall not be included in the minimum required lot area.
2) 
The access way described above shall be a minimum of 25 feet in width for the entire segment for those under 300 feet in length and 30 feet in width for those over 300 feet in length.
a) 
The length of the accessway shall extend to the rear lot's front property line but in no event shall it be less than the minimum required lot depth.
b) 
Within the lines of said accessway there shall be constructed a paved driveway of sufficient thickness to support fire apparatus to Fire Department specifications.
c) 
Driveways under 300 feet in length shall be a minimum of 12 feet in width and driveways over 300 feet in length shall be a minimum of 16 feet in width.
d) 
At no point shall the thirty-foot accessway exceed a vertical rise of 15%.
3) 
The maximum number of adjoining accessways shall not exceed two.
4) 
A full fire detection system shall be installed to the Fire Department specifications, and all rear lots must be serviced by all utilities available.
5) 
A standard type of sign shall be placed at the road indicating the numeric address.

6.10 Sight distances.

No fence, sign, wall, hedge, grading, shrubbery, or other obstruction to vision in excess of three feet above top of curb shall be placed or allowed to grow or exist at street intersections within the area formed by a line joining points on each front lot line 20 feet from the intersection of the street lines.

6.11.1 Purpose.

The purpose of this section is to regulate the size, color, illumination, movement, materials, location, height, and condition of all signs displayed on private property to be viewed from off-site, thus ensuring the protection of property values; the character of the various neighborhoods; the creation of a convenient, attractive, and harmonious community; protection against adverse impacts on historic resources; and promotion of economic development.
This section must be interpreted in a manner consistent with the First Amendment of the United States Constitutional guarantee of free speech and the free speech protections of the Connecticut Constitution, Article 1, § 5 and 6. If any provision of this section is found by a court of competent jurisdiction to be invalid, such a finding must not affect the validity of other provisions of this section which can be given effect without the invalid provision.
These sign regulations are intended to promote signs that are:
1) 
Compatible with the use of the property to which they are appurtenant and the landscape and architecture of surrounding buildings.
2) 
Legible and appropriate to the activity to which they pertain.
3) 
Not distracting to motorists or which decrease the probability of accidents by distracting attention or obstructing vision.
4) 
Constructed and maintained in a structurally sound and attractive condition.
These Regulations are not intended to and do not apply to signs erected, maintained, or otherwise posted, owned, or leased by the United States Government, the State of Connecticut, or the Town of Stratford. The inclusion of "government" in describing some signs does not intend to subject the government to regulation, but instead help to illuminate the type of sign that falls within the immunities of the government from regulation.

6.11.2 Definitions.

For the purposes of this section, the following terms are defined as:
SIGN
Any device designed to inform or attract the attention of persons not on the premises on which the device is located that includes the name, identification, description, display, or illustration, and which is affixed to, painted or represented directly or indirectly upon a building, or other outdoor surface which directs attention to or is designed or intended to direct attention to the sign face or to an object, product, place, activity, person, institution, organization, or business, excluding integral architectural features other than letters, trademarks, or moving parts. Signs located completely within an enclosed building, and not exposed to view from a street, shall not be considered a sign. Each display surface of a sign or sign face shall be considered to be a sign.
SIGN, ACCESSORY
A sign whose subject matter relates exclusively to the premises on which it is located, or to products, accommodations, services, or activities on premises.
SIGN, AREA
The entire area within a regular geometric form or combinations of regular geometric forms comprising all of the display area of the sign and including all of the elements of the matter displayed. One side only of signs with faces at 180° to each other shall be counted. Frames and structural members not bearing advertising matter shall not be included in computation of sign area unless those elements are internally or decoratively lit.
SIGN, AWNING (OR CANOPY)
A sign painted on or attached to the cloth, canvas or metal cover of a fixed, hinged, rolled or folding type of awning or canopy.
SIGN, BUILDING DIRECTORY
A sign composed of such directory signs as may be permitted for the tenants or occupants of a building or group of buildings.
SIGN, BUSINESS
A sign located on property where a business is allowed under these Regulations.
SIGN, COMMERCIAL
Any sign fabricated, constructed, attached, erected, fastened, painted, or manufactured in any manner and displayed outdoors for the purpose of inducing the sale of any merchandise or service or promoting the business, opinion or policy of any person, party, firm, association, group or corporation other than that offered or conducted on the premises on which it stands. Commercial signs shall also include billboards.
SIGN, COMMUNITY OR BANNERS
A sign or banner, erected by the Town of Stratford, primarily identifying the Town of Stratford, individual Town-owned properties, or special public events. These signs may include municipal wayfinding signage/programs.
SIGN, CONSTRUCTION
A sign which identifies the owner, contractor, designer and/or engineer associated with a project under construction.
SIGN, DIRECTORY
A sign which identifies the name of one of the tenants or occupants of a building. More than one of these signs may be combined to form a building directory.
SIGN, ELECTRONIC
A sign that changes its message or copy at intervals by digital, electronic, or mechanical processes, by remote control or other programming device. Any illuminated sign on which the artificial light is not stationary or constant in intensity and color at all times when the sign is in use. Any moving illuminated sign shall be considered a flashing sign.
SIGN, FACE
The entire display surface area of a sign upon, against or through which copy is placed.
SIGN, FEATHER
A sign of flexible, lightweight fabric or similar material that is supported along one edge and is mounted to a ground base or staked into the ground and intended to blow in the wind to attract attention. Also called a wind flag.
SIGN, FLASHING
Any illumined sign on which the artificial light is not maintained stationary or constant in intensity and color at all times when such sign is in use.
SIGN, FREESTANDING/MONUMENT
A sign erected and maintained on a freestanding frame, mast, pole, or other means of support in or upon the ground and not attached to any building.
SIGN, GOVERNMENT
A government sign is a sign that is constructed, placed, or maintained by the federal, state or local government or a sign that is required to be constructed, placed or maintained by the federal, state or local government either directly or to enforce a property owner's rights.
SIGN, GRAFFITI
Any unauthorized inscription, word, figure, painting or other defacement that is written, marked, etched, scratched, sprayed, drawn, painted, or engraved on or otherwise affixed to any surface of public or private property by any graffiti implement, to the extent that the graffiti was not authorized in advance by the owner or occupant of the property, or, despite advance authorization, is otherwise deemed a public nuisance by the Town of Stratford.
SIGN, HANGING
A sign which is attached perpendicular to the wall or a building or structure above or adjacent to the main entrance to the activity being identified, and which does not project more than five feet from said wall.
SIGN, HEIGHT OF
The distance from the base of the sign at normal grade to the top of the highest attached component of the sign or sign structure. Normal grade shall be construed to be the lower of:
1) 
Existing grade prior to construction; or
2) 
The newly established grade after construction, exclusive of any filling, berming, mounding, or excavating solely for the purpose of locating the sign.
3) 
In cases in which the normal grade cannot be reasonably determined, sign height shall be computed on the assumption that the normal grade is the elevation of the nearest point of the crown of the public street along which the lot has frontage or the grade of the land at the principal entrance to the principal structure on the lot, whichever is lower.
SIGN, HIGHWAY
A freestanding sign, integral sign, or wall sign that is erected and maintained within the view of motorists who are driving on a highway.
SIGN, ICONOGRAPHIC
A three-dimensional sign such as a clock, barber pole, or similar attached or not attached to a building or structure.
SIGN, IDENTIFICATION
Any sign that with respect to the premises on which it is erected, advertises, or indicates one or more of the following: the person or activity occupying the premises, or the type of business transacted on the premises, or the sale or letting of the premises or any part thereof, and which contains no other advertising matter.
SIGN, INTEGRAL
A sign that is embedded, extruded, or carved into the material of a building facade. A sign made of bronze, brushed stainless steel or aluminum, or similar material attached to the building facade.
SIGN, MARQUEE
A canopy or covering structure bearing a signboard or copy projecting from and attached to a building.
SIGN, ORIGINAL ART DISPLAY
A hand-painted work of visual art that is either affixed to or painted directly on the exterior wall of the structure with the permission of the property owner. An original art display does not include mechanically produced or computer-generated prints or images, including but not limited to, digitally printed vinyl, electrical or mechanical components, or changing image art display.
SIGN, OUTDOOR ADVERTISING
A sign that advertises goods, products or services which are not sold, manufactured, or distributed on or from the premises or facilities on which the sign is located.
SIGN, PERMANENT
Any sign, excluding billboards, which does not fall into the categories for temporary signs.
SIGN, PORTABLE
Any structure without a permanent foundation or otherwise permanently attached to a fixed location, which can be carried, towed, hauled, or driven and is primarily designed to be moved rather than be limited to a fixed location regardless of modifications that limit its movability, including that of an A-frame or sandwich board.
SIGN, PROJECTING
A sign, other than a wall sign, which is supported by a wall of a building and that is fixed perpendicular to the wall on which it is mounted.
SIGN, ROOF
A sign located on or above the roof of any building, not including a false mansard roof, canopy, or other fascia.
SIGN, TEMPORARY
A banner, pennant, poster, or advertising display constructed of paper, cloth, canvas, plastic sheet, cardboard, wallboard, plywood or other like materials and that appears to be intended or is determined by the Building Inspector to be displayed for a limited period of time (rather than permanently attached to the ground or a structure) and which identifies an activity of a temporary nature and temporarily identifies an activity of a permanent nature.
SIGN, WALL
A sign affixed directly to or painted on or otherwise inscribed on an exterior wall and confined within the limits thereof of any building and which projects from that surface less than 12 inches at all points. Such signs also include those that are facade mounted.
SIGN, WINDOW
Any sign affixed to a window or displayed within three feet of the interior of the window.

6.11.3 Prohibited signs.

The following signs are prohibited:
1) 
Signs erected in such a manner that it obstructs clear vision for a distance of 20 feet from any street intersection. Signs erected in such a location that any traffic control device shall be in a direct line between the sign and oncoming traffic.
2) 
Signs affixed to any building wall, roof or structure extending beyond the corner of the building or building roof lines, or covering any window, doorway, or other existing architectural feature. Wall signs projecting more than 12 inches from their mounting wall.
3) 
Electronic message signs excluding theater marquee signs and gasoline dealer price signs. Flashing, revolving or animated signs of intermittent or varying light intensity including such signs located inside a building but visible outside the building.
4) 
Signs causing radio or television interference.
5) 
Signs obstructing any fire escape, window, door or opening used as a means of egress or ingress or for firefighting purposes or placed so as to interfere with any opening required for legal ventilation.
6) 
Signs that project over any sidewalk, with the exception of canopy signs.
7) 
Signs that contain or consist of banners, posters, pennants, ribbons, streamers, strings of light bulbs, strings of flags, spinners, or other similarly moving devices or signs that may move or swing because of wind pressure, which tend to unduly divert the attention of motorists shall not be permitted in any district. These devices when not part of any sign are similarly prohibited.
8) 
Portable signs, except as provided for in Section 6.11.4 (Temporary Signs)
9) 
Commercial signs in which such sign faces or is primarily intended to be visible from the Merritt Parkway, except where another public right of way separates the premises from the Merritt Parkway.
10) 
Commercial signs in which the sign is greater than three feet in height placed at street intersections within the area formed by a line joining points on each front lot line 20 feet from the intersection of the street lines.
11) 
Commercial signs are prohibited in residential zones or on property used for non-transient residential uses, except for those properties on which a home occupation or a transient residential use has been approved.
12) 
Signs of a size, location, movement, coloring, or manner of illumination that may be confused with or construed as a traffic control device, or that hides from view any traffic or street sign or signal.

6.11.4 Temporary signs.

Temporary signs shall be regulated as follows:
1) 
Signs placed on the premises of a building being constructed, repaired, altered or demolished, provided the cost of the sign is included in the building permit, does not exceed eight square feet in size for residential property and 16 square feet in size for commercial property and is removed immediately upon completion of the work.
2) 
Signs advertising the prospective sale, rental or lease of the lot or building located thereon when such sign does not exceed eight square feet in size for residential property and 16 square feet in size for commercial property. Signs advertising individual rooms for rent not exceeding two square feet in size provided that all signs be located on the property. Such signs must be removed within seven days after the closing or the signing of the rent or lease agreement and are exempt from the permit requirements.
3) 
Holiday decorations (non-commercial wording) or holiday lighting.
4) 
Sign or signs for a political organization may be erected as follows:
a) 
The maximum total square footage of any sign shall not exceed eight square feet and shall be located on privately owned land and must not be located within any public right-of-way whether dedicated or owned in fee simple or as an easement; Such signs are exempt from the permit requirements.
5) 
Temporary non-commercial signs may be allowed on public property and the public right-of-way with the approval of the Town Council. Such signs shall not be erected more than a period of 60 days prior to the event and shall be removed at the end of the sixty-day period.
6) 
Grand opening signs for new business establishments subject to the following conditions:
a) 
The signs shall be constructed of cloth, vinyl, canvas or similar material.
b) 
The signs shall be displayed for a period not greater than 21 days.
c) 
The signs shall be mounted to the wall of the building and shall not exceed two square feet of sign area for each lineal foot of building frontage.
d) 
No sign or device held in the air by balloon or other means and no searchlights shall be permitted.
7) 
One freestanding portable sign per tenant shall be permitted on site in all nonresidence districts subject to the following:
a) 
Signs cannot be permanently installed in the ground, must be self supporting/portable and cannot be attached to an immovable object such as a structure, light pole or railing.
b) 
The signs must be for that business use and must be located directly in front of that business on the same property and must be located within five feet of the building.
c) 
Freestanding portable signs shall be no larger than 24 inches wide by 40 inches high in size per side (maximum of two sides).
d) 
Signs may only be displayed during the hours that the business is open. Signs must be removed when the business is not open.
e) 
Signs may not be located in parking spaces and must not interfere with pedestrian traffic or block sight lines for drivers.
f) 
Signs may not be internally or externally illuminated or have any moving parts.

6.11.5 Permitted, exempt signs.

The following signs are authorized under this section in every District, or as limited in the following sections. All such signs are exempt from the permit requirements.
1) 
A sign erected by any fraternal, civic, religious, or service organization or club, merely announcing its presence in the Town of Stratford and the time and place of its regular meeting, provided such sign shall not exceed three feet in diameter, or be more than nine square foot in area. Signs by the above nonprofit organizations for temporary events or functions are permitted to be erected on designated Town properties subject to the following restrictions.
a) 
Signs are only permitted on Paradise Green and on the West Broad Street Green.
b) 
Approval from the Planning and Zoning Office shall be obtained.
c) 
Signs may only be erected within four weeks prior to an event and shall be removed within 48 business hours after termination of the event.
d) 
There shall be a maximum of 12 such signs for any location.
e) 
Only signs advertising events or functions in the Town of Stratford are permitted.
2) 
Any flag, badge, insignia, or device of any governmental agency, or civic, charitable, religious, patriotic, fraternal or similar nonprofit organization when located on its own premises or displayed along a line of march of any parade, or in sockets along any street during a fundraising drive.
3) 
Any sign required by regulation or statute of the federal, state, or municipal government or department, board, or commission thereof.
4) 
Community signs erected by the Town of Stratford for navigational purposes and/or wayfinding program(s).
5) 
Traffic control devices on private or public property must be erected and maintained to comply with the Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices as adopted and amended by the State of Connecticut.
6) 
Where a federal, state, or local law requires a property owner to post a sign on the owner's property to warn of a danger or to prohibit access to the property either generally or specifically, the owner must comply with the federal, state, or local law to exercise that authority by posting a sign on the property. If the federal, state, or local regulation describes the form and dimensions of the sign, the property owner must comply with those requirements, otherwise, when not defined, the sign shall be no larger than two square feet and located in a place on the property to provide access to the notice that is required to be made.
7) 
Official notices or advertisements posted or displayed by or under the jurisdiction of any public or court officer in the performance of official or directed duties; provided, that all such signs must be removed by the property owner no more than 10 days after their purpose has been accomplished or as otherwise required by law. Signs posted under this section are not snipe signs.
8) 
Signs within ballparks and athletic fields. Signs within ballparks and athletic fields as follows:
a) 
Scoreboards facing inward to the audience; and
b) 
Such other signs may be affixed to the fence or scoreboard, facing inward to the field of play that are each no larger than 32 square feet in area.
9) 
An original art display or similar work of art as defined in this section of these Zoning Regulations, which shall be allowed in non-residential zoning districts only, shall not be considered a sign, provided is does not advertise a product or business.
10) 
Agricultural signs which are accessory to agricultural uses protected under § 19a-341 of the Connecticut General Statutes.
11) 
Names on private residences not used for business purposes.
12) 
Customary signs on gasoline pumps indicating, in standard size and form, the name and type of gasoline and the price.
13) 
Any sign limited solely to directing traffic or providing direction, such as arrows or entrance and exit signs or setting out restrictions on the use of parking areas and not exceeding four square feet in area.
14) 
One unlighted identification sign at each public entrance to a subdivision, not exceeding 20 square feet in area. This can also apply to subdivisions with private roadways that will not be accepted or maintained by the Town.
15) 
One unlighted construction sign may be displayed on a property while construction is in progress. They shall not exceed five square feet in area, except for new construction or substantial reconstruction of existing buildings of 10,000 square feet of gross floor area or more, which is permitted one construction sign not to exceed 25 square feet. Construction signs shall be removed within 14 days of the completion of the work on the property.
16) 
Signs, sale or rent, located on-site, not to exceed six square feet in area in a residential district or 20 square feet in a business or industrial district. Such signs shall be removed forthwith upon sale or rental of the premises advertised.
17) 
Signs designating historical places or points of interest, erected by governmental authority or by a duly chartered historical commission, or the like, not to exceed six square feet in area.

6.11.6 Signs permitted in residential districts.

The following signs are permitted within a Residential Districts and are exempt from the permit requirements. Signs in Residential Districts on Main Street shall be required to obtain a special permit approval in accordance with Sections 7.3.2F (Change of Use) and 7.3.4 (Special Permit).
Identification Sign
Location
Number
Size
(Maximum)
(square feet)
Other Standards
Behind the front lot line, for a single-family dwelling
1
2
May be wall mounted or freestanding.
Behind the front lot line, for a Multifamily 3+ Development
1
16
Such signs shall be either a freestanding or wall sign provided they are nonilluminated, and colonial in appearance and style.
Business Sign
Location
Number
Size
(Maximum)
(square feet)
Other Standards
Behind the front lot line
1
2
May be wall mounted or freestanding.

6.11.7 Signs permitted in the Resource Conservation District.

Since the Resource Conservation District was designed to protect environmentally sensitive areas, all signs are subject to the administrative approval of the Zoning Commission. All signs shall be made of wood only, shall not be illuminated and shall be finished with nontoxic materials.

6.11.8 Signs permitted in LB, LBB, CNC, CF, WF Districts.

The following signs are permitted within the above-mentioned districts.
Wall Sign
Location
Number
Size
(Maximum)
Height
(Maximum)
Other Standards
On the front fascia of the building
2 per building face per tenant
0.66 square feet per lineal foot of building frontage
Signs may be illuminated by exterior methods only. Where more than 1 sign is installed on a building, they shall be uniform in design, material, and shape. Signage is allowed on each building face other than on the rear but in no instance shall two building faces be combined to produce a greater amount of signage than that 1 face allows.
On the side fascia of the building
0.33 square feet per lineal foot of building side
Free Standing/Monument Sign
Location
Number
Size
(Maximum)
Height
(Maximum)
Other Standards
Only on properties with a minimum of 100 feet of street frontage on 1 street. The front yard setback of all freestanding signs shall be 1/2 the setback requirement of the district in which it is located
1
20 square feet
4 feet
Signs may be illuminated by exterior methods only. Where more than one sign is installed on a building, they shall be uniform in design, material, and shape. Signage is allowed on each building face other than on the rear but in no instance shall two building faces be combined to produce a greater amount of signage than that one face allows.
A freestanding sign that is greater than 4 feet but less than 8 feet in height, with a maximum sign area of 16 square feet may also be permitted
Directional Sign (Traffic Flow)
Location
Number
Size
(Maximum)
Height
(Maximum)
Other Standards
1
1 square foot
Window Sign
Location
Number
Size
(Maximum)
Height
(Maximum)
Other Standards
Less than 50% of the total widow display area

6.11.9 Signs permitted in the OP District.

The following sign types are permitted within the Office Park District:
Location
Number
Size
(Maximum)
(square feet)
Height
(Maximum)
(feet)
Other Standards
Free Standing/Monument Signs
1
50
5
Signs may be illuminated by exterior methods only. Such sign must be visible from a public road
Additional Free Standing/Monument Sign
1 per building in the office park
20
5
Signs may be illuminated by exterior methods only. Such sign must not be visible from a public road
Directional Sign (Traffic Flow)
Location
Number
Size (Maximum)
(square feet)
Height
(Maximum)
Other Standards
4

6.11.10 Signs permitted in CA, CC, MA, MB, MC Districts.

The following sign types are permitted within the above-mentioned districts:
Wall Signs
Location
Number
Size
(Maximum)
(square feet)
Other Standards
On the front fascia of the building
2 per building face per tenant
1 per lineal foot of building frontage
Where more than 1 sign is installed on a building, they shall be uniform in design, material, and shape. Signage is allowed on each building face other than on the rear but in no instance shall 2 building faces be combined to produce a greater amount of signage than that one face allows. Such signs shall not be illuminated when facing a residential area.
On the side fascia of the building
0.5 per lineal foot of building side
On the rear fascia of the building. Such sign shall face, or be primarily visible from, Interstate 95
1 per lineal foot of the building's width along the rear
Freestanding/Monument Signs
Location
Number
Other Standards
The front yard setback for all freestanding signs shall be 1/2 the setback requirement of the district in which it is located.
1
Freestanding signs for gas stations shall not exceed 10 feet in height and 40 square feet in size. One additional freestanding sign may be allowed if the property has a minimum of 1,000 feet of street frontage on one street provided the second sign shall also comply with the height and signage limitations shown in below.
Sign Height
(feet)
Maximum Sign Area, by Street Frontage
50 feet
100 feet
200 feet
300 feet
5 or less
12 square feet
32 square feet
44 square feet
56 square feet
5-10
9 square feet
24 square feet
36 square feet
44 square feet
Directional Sign (Traffic Flow)
Location
Number
Size (Maximum)
(square feet)
Height (Maximum)
Other Standards
1
In addition to the above permitted signs within such district(s), a commercial sign which pre-exists the enactment of this regulation is permitted, subject to special permit approval, to be relocated from its original location to another location on the same property, rebuilt or replaced to updated standards or technology, provided the display area is of the same dimension as the preexisting sign; and, as to signs adjacent to I-95, the display area is the same height above I-95, the display area is the same height above I-95 as the original sign. If the property does not abut I-95, commercial signs are not to exceed the surveyed height of the existing sign.

6.11.11 General requirements for all signs.

1) 
Signs shall be a subordinate part of the streetscape rather than the dominant features. Properly designed signs can communicate names and addresses of occupants clearly and add interest in building facades without overpowering them.
2) 
No legally existing sign shall be altered, rebuilt, enlarged, extended or relocated except in accordance with the provisions of these Regulations.
3) 
If any nonconforming wall sign or freestanding sign is discontinued or requires replacement or alteration due to a change in use of the premises, such replacement sign must conform to these Regulations if more than 25% of the freestanding signage or 25% of the total front wall signage is replaced or altered. The repainting or repair of existing nonconforming signs is permitted only for the same use and only by the same tenant on the premises.
4) 
When a business or service using an identification sign is discontinued the sign shall be removed within 10 working days.
5) 
The area of a sign shall be considered the entire area within a regular geometric form which encompasses all elements of the matter displayed (including lettering, wording design, or symbols, etc.) together with any background which is designed as an integral part of and obviously related to the sign. Frames and structural elements of the sign, not bearing any advertising matter, are not considered as part of the sign area.
6) 
Any sign may be double-faced but only one face shall be counted in determining conformity with these Regulations. All faces of a multifaced sign, however, will be counted in determining conformity with these Regulations.
7) 
The height of a sign shall be considered the distance from the base of the sign at normal grade to the top of the highest component of the sign including the pole.
8) 
Signs shall be illuminated only by internal illumination or shielded light directed at the sign, without causing glare for motorists, pedestrians, or neighboring premises. Properties in LB, LBB, CNC, CF and WF Zones are exempt from the internal illumination requirement.
9) 
All signs, together with their supports, braces, guys and anchors, shall be kept in good repair and in a safe condition to the satisfaction of the Building Inspector. The owner of a sign, and the owner of the premises on which it stands, shall be responsible for keeping such sign and ground around it in a safe, sanitary, neat and clean condition. Failure to comply with the conditions of this section shall be a violation of these Regulations, subject to penalties prescribed in Section 7.4 (Enforcement).
10) 
Electronic message signs are allowed under the following conditions:
a) 
The following illumination and performance standards shall apply to all electronic signs:
i) 
There shall be no safety hazards created by the sign's illumination effects on traffic patterns, traffic lights, or public safety.
ii) 
No sign shall exceed 7,500 nits (nit is the industry standard of luminosity measurement candela per square meter) and the sign shall be accompanied by a manufacturer's certificate to that effect.
iii) 
Each sign shall have a photocell sensor that automatically adjusts brightness according to ambient light conditions and include settings to reduce the brightness to 10% or less of the maximum setting at night, and the sign shall be accompanied by a manufacturer certificate to the effect.
iv) 
Each sign shall include a factory override to adjust the nighttime brightness to less than 10% if necessary.
v) 
Each sign shall be equipped to display a default design or message that will be displayed in the event a malfunction occurs.
b) 
The message shall be displayed for a period of at least 10 seconds.
c) 
The message displayed shall be static and the transition from one static display to another static display shall be instantaneous to the human eye without any transitional effects.
d) 
There shall be no off-premise advertising.

6.11.12 Procedures.

1) 
No outdoor advertising or commercial sign shall be displayed in the Town of Stratford except in accordance with these Regulations and until a permit for the same has been issued by the Building Inspector following receipt of a zoning compliance report from the Office of Planning and Zoning, except as hereinafter provided. Window signs are exempt from the permit requirements.
2) 
An application, accompanied by a scale drawing, shall be made in writing for each separate permit to the Building Inspector upon a form approved by him. Such application shall set forth the name and address of the applicant, the location by street and number where such sign is to be erected or located, the name and address of the owner of the property, the size, type and general description of such proposed sign, including the materials of which it is constructed, the zone in which it is located and such other pertinent information required or deemed necessary to determine the sign's safety and conformity to these Regulations.
3) 
In reviewing applications for special permits pursuant to this section, the following standards shall apply:
a) 
The sign(s) will not cause visual confusion, glare, or offensive lighting in the neighborhood.
b) 
The sign(s) will not be a detriment to the surrounding area.
c) 
The sign(s) will not significantly alter the appearance of the zoning district.
d) 
The sign(s) will not interfere with traffic safety in the area.
e) 
Each sign shall be considered on its own merits and shall not be considered a precedent.
f) 
All zoning nonconformities and violations must be removed or corrected.
4) 
The fee for such permit shall be payable in full at the time of application for such permit and shall be in accordance with the permit fee schedule as determined by the Building Inspection Department and the Zoning Commission.

6.11.13 Enforcement.

Any person, firm, association or corporation who, having been notified in writing to discontinue any violation of these Regulations shall be subject to penalties prescribed in Section 7.4 (Enforcement) if such violations are not corrected within 10 days.

6.12.1 Purpose.

The purpose of this regulation is to establish the minimum standards and requirements for stormwater management within the Town of Stratford.

6.12.2 Applicability.

A stormwater management plan shall be submitted with any application for development when the disturbed area of such development is cumulatively more than 1/2 acre. A single-family dwelling that is not a part of a subdivision of land shall be exempt from these Regulations if the disturbed area of such development is cumulatively less than one acre.

6.12.3 Stormwater management plan.

Any development subject to these regulations shall be required to submit a stormwater management plan that demonstrates a zero impact to the Town's storm drainage system, including natural waterway systems. Accordingly, the applicant shall evaluate the impacts to downstream conditions. Such stormwater management plan shall consist of, but not be limited to, the following items and considerations:
1) 
Pre-development and post-development calculations of the stormwater runoff. The analysis shall include impacts from the quantity of runoff as well as the quality of the runoff.
2) 
The site design, drainage collection, and drainage treatment systems shall be designed in accordance with the requirements and guidance set forth in the Connecticut Stormwater Quality Manual, as may be amended, published by the Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection, as well as the requirements of Town stormwater ordinances.
3) 
In addition to best management practices currently available, and in the absence of specific design criteria which may not be identified in these documents or other requirements of the Town, the applicant shall, at a minimum, design the stormwater collection system to retain the first 1.3 inches of runoff from impervious areas on site, and provide a zero increase in the peak rate of runoff from the site for the twenty-five-year storm, with an evaluation of the impacts from a fifty- and 100-year storm. After the evaluation is complete, if a larger design storm is warranted as determined in consultation with the Town Engineer, the applicant shall design the drainage for no net increase in the peak runoff rates generated from the 100-year storm.
4) 
The stormwater management plan shall identify specific data for the site improvements as follows:
a) 
The amount of pre-development existing impervious area;
b) 
The amount of post-development proposed impervious area;
c) 
The amount of pre-development existing Directly Connected Impervious Area (DCIA);
d) 
The amount of post-development proposed Directly Connected Impervious Area, which shall be a reduction in DCIA, as defined in the Connecticut Stormwater Quality Manual.
5) 
The stormwater management plans shall specify the post construction operations and maintenance of structural stormwater best management practices incorporated into the site design.

6.13.1 Purpose.

The purpose of this regulation is to establish the minimum standards and requirements for protecting water resources within the Town of Stratford.

6.13.2 Applicability.

The provisions of this section, as they relate to inland wetlands and watercourses as defined in Chapter 440 of the Connecticut General Statutes, shall not apply to any application with has been submitted to Stratford's Inland Wetlands and Watercourses Commission and approved by the Commission through a public hearing.

6.13.3 General requirements.

1) 
No new building construction increasing building area, including minor additions to existing buildings, or detached accessory buildings such as garages and sheds, and no pools, tennis courts, driveways, paved parking areas, terraces, or other impervious surfaces shall be permitted within:
a) 
50 feet of the mean high-water line of any water body or watercourse;
b) 
50 feet of any freshwater inland wetland as defined in Chapter 440 of the Connecticut General Statutes, except for direct water-dependent/public access structures and uses as defined by the Connecticut Coastal Management Act and when consistent with coastal management policies therewith.
c) 
100 feet of the coastal resources as defined in Section 6.2.3, except for direct water-dependent/public access structures and uses as defined in Sections 6.2.3 and 6.2.6 and when consistent with coastal management policies therewith.
2) 
Any activity within 50 feet of an inland wetland or inland watercourse, for the purposes of environmental impact mitigation or restoration activities including, but not limited to, stormwater treatment, habitat management, riparian zone restoration or wetland restorations, shall not be required to obtain a variance from the Board of Zoning Appeals.
3) 
Alterations of existing contours are subject to administrative approval by the Zoning Commission.
4) 
All building elevations shall conform to the national flood damage prevention ordinance.