Supplementary Regulations Governing Special Exceptions and Certain Other Uses
Table I | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Parking Aisle | ||||
Angle of Parking | Stall Width* (feet) | Stall Depth (feet) | One-Way (feet) | Two-Way (feet) |
90° | 9.0 | 18 | 20 | 24 |
60° | 9.0 | 19 | 18 | 21 |
45° | 9.0 | 18 | 15 | 20 |
Parallel | 9.0 | 22 | 12 | 20 |
NOTES: | |
|---|---|
* | For handicapped-accessible parking spaces, the minimum width shall be not less than 13.5 feet. |
Table II | |
|---|---|
Total Parking in Lot | Required Accessible Spaces |
1 to 25 | 1 |
26 to 50 | 2 |
51 to 75 | 3 |
76 to 100 | 4 |
101 to 150 | 5 |
151 to 200 | 6 |
201 to 300 | 7 |
301 to 400 | 8 |
401 to 500 | 9 |
501 to 1,000 | 2% of total |
1001 and over | 20 plus 1 for each 100 over 1,000 |
Table III [Amended 10-12-2005 by Ord. No. 3-2005] | |
|---|---|
Uses | Minimum Required Parking Spaces |
Churches and schools | 1 for each 3.5 seats in an auditorium or for each 17 classroom seats, whichever is greater |
Business and professional offices and banks, except medical and dental offices | 1 for each 200 square feet of floor area. |
Community buildings, and social halls | 1 for each 100 square feet of floor area*** |
Country clubs, golf courses | 1 for each 200 square feet of floor area occupied by all principal and accessory structures, except those used for parking purposes**/*** |
Single-family dwellings | 2 for each family or dwelling unit |
Motels, hotels, rooming houses and bed-and-breakfasts | 1 for each rental unit*** |
Apartments, townhouses and garden apartments* | 1.5 for each dwelling unit |
Mortuaries | 3 for each 100 square feet of parlor area |
Hospitals, nursing and convalescing homes | 1 for each 3 beds plus 1 for each employee in the maximum working shift |
Manufacturing and industrial | 1 space each for every 2 employees on largest shift, plus 1 for each company vehicle based at plant |
Medical or dental clinics, or offices | 5 spaces for each doctor and 3 spaces for each dentist plus 1 space for each employee in the maximum working shift |
Restaurants and night clubs | 1 for each 2.5 seats plus 1 for each employee in the maximum working shift |
Bars and beer parlors | 1 for each 25 square feet of liquor service area plus 1 for each employee in a maximum working shift |
Retail stores, store groups, shops, and personal services | In all C Districts, where required, 1 space shall be provided for each 200 square feet of floor area |
Wholesale establishments or warehouses | 1 for each 1 employee in maximum working shift, but not less than 25% of building floor area |
Outdoor recreational facilities | An adequate number of spaces should be provided so that all vehicles located at the facility can be accommodated in existing parking lots and not on the Borough's roads |
Auctions, galleries | 5 for each 500 square feet of floor area |
Bowling alleys | 5 for each alley plus 1 for each employee in the maximum working shift*** |
Movie theaters, auditoriums and sport stadiums | 1 for each 2.5 seats. |
Nursery school, child day-care center and group day-care home | Minimum of 1 off-street parking space for each employee |
Laundromats | 1 for every 2 machines |
Car washes | Queuing capacity for 10 vehicles for each wash stall |
Auto, gas/service/repair | 1 for each employee, plus 3 per service bay, plus 1 space for each 300 square feet of retail sales area |
Auto/truck, recreational vehicle or boat sales | 1 for each employee, plus 1 for each 10 vehicles on display |
Furniture or appliance | 1 for each employee, plus 1 for each 300 square feet of sales floor area |
Private or membership clubs or lodges | 1 for each employee, plus 1 for each 6 members or 6 persons of total capacity |
Driving ranges, miniature golf | 1 for each employee, plus 1 per tee |
NOTES: | |
|---|---|
* | Except elderly housing, where 1 parking space for each three dwelling units shall be provided. |
** | There shall be not less than 20 off-street parking spaces for each use. |
*** | Facilities which provide food and/or beverages are also required to meet the additional regulations for restaurants and bars. |
Table IV | ||
|---|---|---|
Uses | Square Feet of Floor Area | Required Off-Street Loading Berths |
Schools | 15,000 or more | 1 |
Hospitals (in addition to space for ambulance) | From 10,000 to 30,000 | 1 |
For each additional 30,000 or major fraction thereof | 1 additional | |
Undertakers and funeral homes | 5,000 | 1 |
For each additional 5,000 or major fraction thereof | 1 additional | |
Hotels and offices | 10,000 or more | 1 |
Retail, commercial, wholesale, manufacturing, storage and miscellaneous | From 10,000 to 25,000 | 1 |
From 25,000 to 40,000 | 2 | |
From 40,000 to 60,000 | 3 | |
From 60,000 to 100,000 | 4 | |
For each additional 50,000 or major fraction thereof | 1 additional | |
Minneapolis | |
X | The effects of sexually oriented businesses on the crime rate index is positive. |
X | There is a close association between adult businesses, crime rates, and low housing values. |
St. Paul | |
X | A significant correlation exists between the location of adult businesses and neighborhood deterioration. |
Indianapolis | |
X | Real estate appraisers overwhelmingly (80%) felt that an adult bookstore would have a negative effect on residential property values within one block of the site. |
X | 71% believed there would be a detrimental effect on commercial property values in the one-block radius. |
X | Major crimes such as criminal homicide, rape, robbery, assault, burglary, and larceny, occurred at a rate 23% higher in areas with adult businesses. |
X | The sex-related crime rate, including rape, indecent exposure, and child molestation, was 77% higher is such areas. |
Phoenix | |
X | Property crimes were 43% higher in areas with adult businesses. |
X | The sex crime rate was 500% higher in those areas. |
Whittier, California | |
X | Higher occupancy turnover rates were documented in commercial and residential areas adjacent to adult businesses. |
X | Numerous reports of excessive noise, drunkenness and pornographic litter associated with adult businesses were identified. |
The Minnesota Working Group concluded that a comprehensive approach is required to reduce or eliminate the impacts of sexually oriented businesses. Zoning and licensing regulations are needed to protect residents from the intrusion of "combat zone" sexual crime and harassment into their neighborhoods.[1] | |
The New York City study concluded that numerous studies in other locations found that adult entertainment uses have negative secondary impacts such as increased crime rates, depreciation of property values, deterioration of community character and the quality of urban life.[2] | |
Municipalities typically allow adult uses in heavy commercial and industrial districts. The New York City study reported that: | |
A study in the Town of Islip, NY formed the basis of zoning regulations that allow adult uses only in Industrial I Districts by special exception. | |
The Indianapolis, Indiana, study recommended that adult uses should be allowed only by special exception in commercial districts oriented beyond a neighborhood, and not within 500 feet of a residential, school, church, or park property line, or historic area.[3] | |
A study conducted by the Manatee County, Florida, Planning and Development Department recommended that adult uses be limited to commercial locations at least 500 feet from a residential district and 2,000 feet from churches, schools, child-care facilities and public recreation areas.[4] | |
The ordinance adopted in 1992 by Jackson, Mississippi, limits topless bars and other adult businesses to areas zoned for light industrial uses and requires distances ranging from 250 to 1,000 feet from residential uses and commercial facilities. | |
Regulations in many Long Island, New York, communities attempt to protect residential and commercial areas by allowing adult uses only in low-visibility Industrial Districts.[5] | |
Recent events and alleged criminal activity at an adult business in a nearby community document that secondary effects of adult businesses can affect rural areas as well as urban areas. (Hip Hop Club, Hamlin, Pa.) | |
The concern over sexually transmitted diseases is a legitimate health concern of Danville Borough which demands reasonable regulation of adult businesses and adult uses in order to protect the health and well-being of the citizens. | |
Certain employees of sexually oriented business regulated by this chapter as adult theaters and cabarets engage in higher incidents of certain types of sexually oriented behavior at these businesses than employees of other establishments. | |
Sexual acts, including masturbation, and oral and anal sex, occur at sexually oriented businesses, including adult bookstores, adult novelty shops, adult video stores, adult motion-picture theaters, or adult arcades, and especially those which provide private or semiprivate booths or cubicles for viewing films, videos, or live sex shows. Offering and providing such space, encourages such activities, which create unhealthy conditions. Numerous studies and reports have determined that semen is found in the areas of sexually oriented businesses where persons view adult-oriented films. | |
Persons frequent certain adult theaters, adult arcades, and other sexually oriented businesses for the purpose of engaging in sex within the premises of such sexually oriented businesses. At least 50 communicable diseases may be spread by activities occurring in sexually oriented businesses, including, but not limited to, syphilis, gonorrhea, human immunodeficiency virus infection (AIDS), genital herpes, hepatitis B, non B amebiasis, salmonella infections and shigella infections; and, the incidence of many of these diseases is on the increase. | |
Sanitary conditions in some sexually oriented businesses are unhealthy, in part, because the activities conducted there are unhealthy, and, in part, because of the unregulated nature of the activities and the failure of the owners and the operators of the facilities to self-regulate those activities and maintain those facilities. | |
Classifying adult businesses as special exception uses is a reasonable means of accountability to ensure that operators of adult businesses comply with reasonable regulations and conditions, and to ensure that operators do not knowingly allow their establishments to be used as places of illegal sexual activity or solicitation. | |
There is convincing documented evidence that adult businesses, because of their very nature, have a deleterious effect on both the existing businesses around them and the surrounding residential areas adjacent to them, causing increased crime, the downgrading of property values, and the decline of the overall character of the community. A number of municipal studies, including the 1986 Austin, Texas, study, have demonstrated this. | |
It is generally recognized that adult businesses, due to their nature, have serious objectionable operational characteristics, Particularly when they are located in close proximity to each other, thereby contributing to neighborhood blight and downgrading the quality of life in the adjacent area. A number of municipal studies, including the 1986 Austin, Texas, study, have demonstrated this. | |
The Borough Council desires to minimize and control these adverse secondary effects and thereby protect the health, safety and welfare of the citizenry, protect the citizens from increased crime, preserve the quality of life, preserve property values and the character of the surrounding community. | |
Based on the zoning principal established by the courts that all legitimate uses must be permitted somewhere in the community, adult uses should be permitted. Nevertheless, such uses must be regulated in terms of time, place and manner. In other words, the location and outward operation should be regulated, while remaining "content neutral" in terms of free speech protected by the First Amendment. | |
Specific standards for setbacks, visibility and signs must be included to protect adjoining residential, educational and other uses from the negative secondary impacts of any adult use. | |
Supplementary Regulations Governing Special Exceptions and Certain Other Uses
Table I | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Parking Aisle | ||||
Angle of Parking | Stall Width* (feet) | Stall Depth (feet) | One-Way (feet) | Two-Way (feet) |
90° | 9.0 | 18 | 20 | 24 |
60° | 9.0 | 19 | 18 | 21 |
45° | 9.0 | 18 | 15 | 20 |
Parallel | 9.0 | 22 | 12 | 20 |
NOTES: | |
|---|---|
* | For handicapped-accessible parking spaces, the minimum width shall be not less than 13.5 feet. |
Table II | |
|---|---|
Total Parking in Lot | Required Accessible Spaces |
1 to 25 | 1 |
26 to 50 | 2 |
51 to 75 | 3 |
76 to 100 | 4 |
101 to 150 | 5 |
151 to 200 | 6 |
201 to 300 | 7 |
301 to 400 | 8 |
401 to 500 | 9 |
501 to 1,000 | 2% of total |
1001 and over | 20 plus 1 for each 100 over 1,000 |
Table III [Amended 10-12-2005 by Ord. No. 3-2005] | |
|---|---|
Uses | Minimum Required Parking Spaces |
Churches and schools | 1 for each 3.5 seats in an auditorium or for each 17 classroom seats, whichever is greater |
Business and professional offices and banks, except medical and dental offices | 1 for each 200 square feet of floor area. |
Community buildings, and social halls | 1 for each 100 square feet of floor area*** |
Country clubs, golf courses | 1 for each 200 square feet of floor area occupied by all principal and accessory structures, except those used for parking purposes**/*** |
Single-family dwellings | 2 for each family or dwelling unit |
Motels, hotels, rooming houses and bed-and-breakfasts | 1 for each rental unit*** |
Apartments, townhouses and garden apartments* | 1.5 for each dwelling unit |
Mortuaries | 3 for each 100 square feet of parlor area |
Hospitals, nursing and convalescing homes | 1 for each 3 beds plus 1 for each employee in the maximum working shift |
Manufacturing and industrial | 1 space each for every 2 employees on largest shift, plus 1 for each company vehicle based at plant |
Medical or dental clinics, or offices | 5 spaces for each doctor and 3 spaces for each dentist plus 1 space for each employee in the maximum working shift |
Restaurants and night clubs | 1 for each 2.5 seats plus 1 for each employee in the maximum working shift |
Bars and beer parlors | 1 for each 25 square feet of liquor service area plus 1 for each employee in a maximum working shift |
Retail stores, store groups, shops, and personal services | In all C Districts, where required, 1 space shall be provided for each 200 square feet of floor area |
Wholesale establishments or warehouses | 1 for each 1 employee in maximum working shift, but not less than 25% of building floor area |
Outdoor recreational facilities | An adequate number of spaces should be provided so that all vehicles located at the facility can be accommodated in existing parking lots and not on the Borough's roads |
Auctions, galleries | 5 for each 500 square feet of floor area |
Bowling alleys | 5 for each alley plus 1 for each employee in the maximum working shift*** |
Movie theaters, auditoriums and sport stadiums | 1 for each 2.5 seats. |
Nursery school, child day-care center and group day-care home | Minimum of 1 off-street parking space for each employee |
Laundromats | 1 for every 2 machines |
Car washes | Queuing capacity for 10 vehicles for each wash stall |
Auto, gas/service/repair | 1 for each employee, plus 3 per service bay, plus 1 space for each 300 square feet of retail sales area |
Auto/truck, recreational vehicle or boat sales | 1 for each employee, plus 1 for each 10 vehicles on display |
Furniture or appliance | 1 for each employee, plus 1 for each 300 square feet of sales floor area |
Private or membership clubs or lodges | 1 for each employee, plus 1 for each 6 members or 6 persons of total capacity |
Driving ranges, miniature golf | 1 for each employee, plus 1 per tee |
NOTES: | |
|---|---|
* | Except elderly housing, where 1 parking space for each three dwelling units shall be provided. |
** | There shall be not less than 20 off-street parking spaces for each use. |
*** | Facilities which provide food and/or beverages are also required to meet the additional regulations for restaurants and bars. |
Table IV | ||
|---|---|---|
Uses | Square Feet of Floor Area | Required Off-Street Loading Berths |
Schools | 15,000 or more | 1 |
Hospitals (in addition to space for ambulance) | From 10,000 to 30,000 | 1 |
For each additional 30,000 or major fraction thereof | 1 additional | |
Undertakers and funeral homes | 5,000 | 1 |
For each additional 5,000 or major fraction thereof | 1 additional | |
Hotels and offices | 10,000 or more | 1 |
Retail, commercial, wholesale, manufacturing, storage and miscellaneous | From 10,000 to 25,000 | 1 |
From 25,000 to 40,000 | 2 | |
From 40,000 to 60,000 | 3 | |
From 60,000 to 100,000 | 4 | |
For each additional 50,000 or major fraction thereof | 1 additional | |
Minneapolis | |
X | The effects of sexually oriented businesses on the crime rate index is positive. |
X | There is a close association between adult businesses, crime rates, and low housing values. |
St. Paul | |
X | A significant correlation exists between the location of adult businesses and neighborhood deterioration. |
Indianapolis | |
X | Real estate appraisers overwhelmingly (80%) felt that an adult bookstore would have a negative effect on residential property values within one block of the site. |
X | 71% believed there would be a detrimental effect on commercial property values in the one-block radius. |
X | Major crimes such as criminal homicide, rape, robbery, assault, burglary, and larceny, occurred at a rate 23% higher in areas with adult businesses. |
X | The sex-related crime rate, including rape, indecent exposure, and child molestation, was 77% higher is such areas. |
Phoenix | |
X | Property crimes were 43% higher in areas with adult businesses. |
X | The sex crime rate was 500% higher in those areas. |
Whittier, California | |
X | Higher occupancy turnover rates were documented in commercial and residential areas adjacent to adult businesses. |
X | Numerous reports of excessive noise, drunkenness and pornographic litter associated with adult businesses were identified. |
The Minnesota Working Group concluded that a comprehensive approach is required to reduce or eliminate the impacts of sexually oriented businesses. Zoning and licensing regulations are needed to protect residents from the intrusion of "combat zone" sexual crime and harassment into their neighborhoods.[1] | |
The New York City study concluded that numerous studies in other locations found that adult entertainment uses have negative secondary impacts such as increased crime rates, depreciation of property values, deterioration of community character and the quality of urban life.[2] | |
Municipalities typically allow adult uses in heavy commercial and industrial districts. The New York City study reported that: | |
A study in the Town of Islip, NY formed the basis of zoning regulations that allow adult uses only in Industrial I Districts by special exception. | |
The Indianapolis, Indiana, study recommended that adult uses should be allowed only by special exception in commercial districts oriented beyond a neighborhood, and not within 500 feet of a residential, school, church, or park property line, or historic area.[3] | |
A study conducted by the Manatee County, Florida, Planning and Development Department recommended that adult uses be limited to commercial locations at least 500 feet from a residential district and 2,000 feet from churches, schools, child-care facilities and public recreation areas.[4] | |
The ordinance adopted in 1992 by Jackson, Mississippi, limits topless bars and other adult businesses to areas zoned for light industrial uses and requires distances ranging from 250 to 1,000 feet from residential uses and commercial facilities. | |
Regulations in many Long Island, New York, communities attempt to protect residential and commercial areas by allowing adult uses only in low-visibility Industrial Districts.[5] | |
Recent events and alleged criminal activity at an adult business in a nearby community document that secondary effects of adult businesses can affect rural areas as well as urban areas. (Hip Hop Club, Hamlin, Pa.) | |
The concern over sexually transmitted diseases is a legitimate health concern of Danville Borough which demands reasonable regulation of adult businesses and adult uses in order to protect the health and well-being of the citizens. | |
Certain employees of sexually oriented business regulated by this chapter as adult theaters and cabarets engage in higher incidents of certain types of sexually oriented behavior at these businesses than employees of other establishments. | |
Sexual acts, including masturbation, and oral and anal sex, occur at sexually oriented businesses, including adult bookstores, adult novelty shops, adult video stores, adult motion-picture theaters, or adult arcades, and especially those which provide private or semiprivate booths or cubicles for viewing films, videos, or live sex shows. Offering and providing such space, encourages such activities, which create unhealthy conditions. Numerous studies and reports have determined that semen is found in the areas of sexually oriented businesses where persons view adult-oriented films. | |
Persons frequent certain adult theaters, adult arcades, and other sexually oriented businesses for the purpose of engaging in sex within the premises of such sexually oriented businesses. At least 50 communicable diseases may be spread by activities occurring in sexually oriented businesses, including, but not limited to, syphilis, gonorrhea, human immunodeficiency virus infection (AIDS), genital herpes, hepatitis B, non B amebiasis, salmonella infections and shigella infections; and, the incidence of many of these diseases is on the increase. | |
Sanitary conditions in some sexually oriented businesses are unhealthy, in part, because the activities conducted there are unhealthy, and, in part, because of the unregulated nature of the activities and the failure of the owners and the operators of the facilities to self-regulate those activities and maintain those facilities. | |
Classifying adult businesses as special exception uses is a reasonable means of accountability to ensure that operators of adult businesses comply with reasonable regulations and conditions, and to ensure that operators do not knowingly allow their establishments to be used as places of illegal sexual activity or solicitation. | |
There is convincing documented evidence that adult businesses, because of their very nature, have a deleterious effect on both the existing businesses around them and the surrounding residential areas adjacent to them, causing increased crime, the downgrading of property values, and the decline of the overall character of the community. A number of municipal studies, including the 1986 Austin, Texas, study, have demonstrated this. | |
It is generally recognized that adult businesses, due to their nature, have serious objectionable operational characteristics, Particularly when they are located in close proximity to each other, thereby contributing to neighborhood blight and downgrading the quality of life in the adjacent area. A number of municipal studies, including the 1986 Austin, Texas, study, have demonstrated this. | |
The Borough Council desires to minimize and control these adverse secondary effects and thereby protect the health, safety and welfare of the citizenry, protect the citizens from increased crime, preserve the quality of life, preserve property values and the character of the surrounding community. | |
Based on the zoning principal established by the courts that all legitimate uses must be permitted somewhere in the community, adult uses should be permitted. Nevertheless, such uses must be regulated in terms of time, place and manner. In other words, the location and outward operation should be regulated, while remaining "content neutral" in terms of free speech protected by the First Amendment. | |
Specific standards for setbacks, visibility and signs must be included to protect adjoining residential, educational and other uses from the negative secondary impacts of any adult use. | |