Wapakoneta City Zoning Code
CHAPTER 1284
Off-Street Parking and Loading
1284.01 PURPOSE.
The purpose of this chapter is to prevent or alleviate the congestion of the public street, to minimize any detrimental effects of parking lots on adjacent properties, to enhance lots with landscape elements for improved traffic circulation and visual amenities and to promote the safety and welfare of the public. To accomplish this purpose minimum requirements are established, while more landscaping may be included depending on site specific conditions.
(Ord. 2010-29. Passed 7-5-10.)
1284.02 OFF-STREET PARKING APPLICABILITY.
(a) Except in the B-3 District, all buildings and structures erected and all uses of land established after the adoption of this Zoning Code shall be provided with off-street parking and loading spaces as set forth in this section.
(b) The provisions of this section, except where there is change or enlargement of use, shall not apply to any existing building or structure.
(c) Whenever a building or structure constructed before the effective date of this Zoning Code is changed or enlarged, in floor area, number of employees, number of housing units, seating capacity, or otherwise, to create a need for an increase in the number of parking spaces, additional parking spaces shall be provided on the basis of the enlargement or change, provided that whenever a building or structure existing prior to the effective date of this Zoning Code is enlarged to the extent of 50% or more in floor area, number of employees, number of housing units, seating capacity, or otherwise, said building or structure shall then and thereafter comply with the full parking requirements set forth herein.
(d) Accessory off-street parking facilities in existence on the effective date of this Zoning Code, and located on the same lot as the building or use served, shall not hereafter be reduced below, or if already less than, shall not be further reduced below, the requirements for a similar new building or use under the provisions of this Zoning Code.
(Ord. 2010-29. Passed 7-5-10.)
1284.03 OFF-STREET PARKING MAINTENANCE.
The duty to maintain all off-street parking areas shall be the joint responsibilities of the owner, operator and lessee of the use for where parking lots are required. Off-street parking areas shall be maintained in good condition without holes and free of all trash, abandoned or junk vehicles, weeds and other rubbish.
(Ord. 2010-29. Passed 7-5-10.)
1284.04 OFF-STREET PARKING PLAN REVIEW.
For any off-street parking area required under this chapter, a plan shall be submitted with the application for a zoning certificate to the Zoning Administrative Officer to review for compliance with these regulations and for any other applicable regulations. Any such parking plan shall show the number of parking spaces, the arrangement of parking aisles, the location of driveway entrances, provisions for vehicular and pedestrian circulation, the location or typical location of sidewalks, wheel stops, lighting and curbs on or adjacent to the property, the location of utilities, barriers, shelters, and signs, the location of landscaped areas and the types and location of vegetation to be planted in them, typical cross sections of pavement, storm water drainage facilities, and any other relevant information requested by the Zoning Administrative Officer.
(Ord. 2010-29. Passed 7-5-10.)
1284.05 OFF-STREET PARKING LOCATION AND USAGE.
The following regulations shall govern the location of off-street parking spaces and areas.
(a) Parking spaces for all detached residential uses shall be located on the same lot as the use which they are intended to serve.
(b) Parking spaces for commercial, industrial, public or institutional uses shall be located not more than 700 feet from the principal use. Parking lots farther than 700 feet from the principal use shall be subject to approval by the Board of Zoning Appeals.
(c) Parking spaces for apartments or similar residential uses shall be located not more than 300 feet from the principal building.
(d) When two or more uses are located within the same building or structure, off-street parking spaces equal in number to the sum of the separate requirements for each use shall be provided.
(e) All off-street parking spaces required by this chapter shall be used only for the parking of vehicles of occupants, patrons, visitors or employees and shall not be used for any kind of loading, sales, servicing or continuous storage of a vehicle for more than 48 hours.
(f) Off-street parking spaces may be located in any yard except the required front yard of the M-1 District.
(Ord. 2010-29. Passed 7-5-10.)
1284.06 OFF-STREET PARKING DESIGN.
Every parcel of land hereafter used as a public or private off-street parking area, which is required to accommodate five or more vehicles, shall be developed and maintained in accordance with the following requirements:
(a) Access. Each required off-street parking space shall have direct access to an aisle or driveway and all required off-street parking areas shall have vehicular access to a street or alley so designed to minimize interference with pedestrian and traffic movement.
(b) Pavement and Drainage.
In all R and B districts, all required off-street parking shall be paved with bituminous, concrete or other all-weather, dustproof surfacing and shall be provided with bumper guards or barrier curbs where needed to prevent encroachment onto sidewalks or into landscaped or areas used for screening.
No surface water from parking areas shall accumulate or drain over a public sidewalk. Interior landscaped areas may be used for surface drainage. The use of pervious asphalt or pavers for non-residential use is encouraged to prevent surface water runoff. Pervious asphalt or pavers for non-residential use shall be approved by the Planning Commission prior to installation.
(c) Lighting. Fixed lighting shall comply with the provisions contained below and be so arranged to prevent direct glare of beams onto any public or private property or street. The following restrictions shall apply to any outdoor lighting located in any district or parcels where there are non-residential off-street parking spaces.
(1) Lighting plan required. A lighting plan is required for any off-street parking and loading area lighting. The following information shall be submitted, as a minimum, in order to effectively evaluate the proposed lighting:
A. Pole height or mounting height of lighting fixture;
B. Type of luminaries;
C. Site coverage;
D. Uniformity including the maximum, average and minimum footcandles;
E. Intensity at property line in footcandles.
(2) Height of lighting structure. All outdoor lighting shall be designed, located, and mounted at heights no greater than 20 feet. A greater height may be authorized in any district by a variance approved pursuant to Chapter 1254. Cutoff and non-cutoff lights are illustrated below:
(3) Illumination. All outdoor lighting shall be designed and located with a maximum illumination of 1.0 footcandles as measured at the property line.
(4) Shielding. All outdoor lighting for non-residential uses shall be located, screened, or shielded so that adjacent lots located in residential districts are not directly illuminated.
(5) Color and glare. No outdoor lighting shall be of such an intensity or color distortion as to cause glare or to impair the vision of drivers or pedestrians.
(d) Screening. All open off-street parking areas shall be effectively screened on each side adjoining or fronting on any property situated in a residential district, or any institutional premises, by a wall, fence or densely planted compact hedge, not less than five feet nor more than eight feet in height.
(e) Parking Space Dimension.
A parking space shall have minimum rectangular dimensions of not less than:
(1) Ten feet in width and twenty feet in length for 90 degree parking,
(2) Ten feet in width and 23 feet in length for parallel parking, and
(3) Ten feet in width and 20 feet in length for 45 degree parking.
All dimensions shall be exclusive of driveways, aisles, and other circulation areas.
(f) Driveway Dimension.
Driveways (aisles) serving individual parking spaces shall not be less than:
(1) Twenty-five feet wide for 90 degree parking,
(2) Twelve feet wide for parallel parking,
(3) Seventeen and one-half feet for 60 degree parking, and
(4) Thirteen feet for 45 degree parking.
These dimensions do not include any parking spaces.
(g) Joint Use. Two or more non-residential uses may jointly provide and use parking spaces when their hours of operation do not normally overlap, provided that a written agreement approved by the Board of Zoning Appeals shall be filed with the application for a permit.
(h) Collective Use. The required off-street parking spaces for any number of separate buildings, structures or uses may be provided collectively on one lot, provided the total number of such spaces shall not be less than the sum of the requirements for the various individual buildings, structures or uses computed separately in accordance with the following requirements.
(i) Spaces for the Handicapped. Parking spaces for handicapped individuals shall be provided in accordance with the provisions of the Ohio Basic Building Code and the Ohio Revised Code.
(j) Maximum Number of Parking Spaces Permitted. In order to prevent excessive lot coverage, the artificial increase in air temperature, and surface water run-off, no minimum off-street parking space requirement in Section 1284.08, shall be exceeded by more than 15% unless good cause can be shown by the applicant and approved by the Board of Zoning Appeals. Single-family dwellings and two family dwellings are exempt from this provision.
(k) Parking of Inoperable or Abandoned Vehicles. The parking or storage of inoperable or abandoned vehicles is prohibited outdoors in all districts and as further provided herein. The location and duration or temporary parking or storage of an unlicensed operable vehicle may be approved by the Zoning Administrative Officer through the issuance of a temporary zoning certificate on the basis of the adequacy of the parcel size, condition of the vehicle, visibility from other properties and absence of undue adverse impact on adjacent property or on the area as a whole.
(Ord. 2010-29. Passed 7-5-10.)
1284.07 OFF-STREET PARKING MEASUREMENT FOR NUMBER OF PARKING SPACES.
Except as otherwise provided in this section, off-street parking spaces for each new principal use on a lot shall be provided according to the units of measurement indicated for that use in Section 1294.08. The following provision shall govern the computation of the number of off-street parking spaces required:
(a) Fractions. When determination of the number of required parking spaces results in the requirement of a fractional space, any fraction one-half or less shall be disregarded and any fraction over one-half shall require one parking space.
(b) Bench Seating Calculation. In stadiums, sports arenas, churches and other places of assembly in which patrons or spectators occupy benches, pews or other similar seating facilities, each 24 inches of such seating facilities shall be counted as one seat for the purpose of determining the requirement for off-street parking facilities.
(c) Use of "Maximum". When parking spaces are required on the basis of the number of faculty, staff, students or employees, the maximum number present at any one time shall govern. The "maximum number" shall be the same as the "maximum occupancy" as identified on the building permit or as identified by the Fire Chief.
(d) Interpretation. For uses not expressly listed in Section 1284.08, parking spaces shall be provided on the same basis as required for the most similar and restrictive listed use as determined by the Zoning Administrative Officer for that specific use based on the intended use, the location of such use and the expected patronage by individuals operating motor vehicles.
(e) Floor Area Defined. For the purposes of applying "floor area", floor area shall be the sum of the gross leasable horizontal area of all floors of a building.
(Ord. 2010-29. Passed 7-5-10.)
1284.08 OFF-STREET PARKING SPACE REQUIREMENTS.
Schedule of Off-Street Parking Requirements | |
Residential Uses | Formula
|
Accessory apartment | • One space for apartment in addition to the requirement for the single-family dwelling |
Assisted living, nursing, convalescent home, rest home | • One space for each 2 beds |
Bed and breakfast | • Two spaces for owner + 1 space for each quest room |
Day care, child (in-home) | • See single-family detached dwelling |
Group home | • One space for 2 beds + 1 space for every 400 sq. ft. of gross floor area, excluding resident rooms |
Mobile home dwelling | • Two spaces for each unit |
Multi-family dwelling | • Two spaces for each dwelling unit for up to 2 bedrooms + 1 space for each 5 dwelling units for visitor parking |
Single-family attached and single-family detached dwelling | • Two spaces for up to 3 bedrooms |
Two family dwelling | • Two spaces for up to 3 bedrooms • Three spaces for 4 or more bedrooms |
Schedule of Off-Street Parking Requirements | |
Commercial Uses | Formula
|
Animal hospital or veterinary establishment | • Two spaces for each examination room + 1 space per each 200 sq. ft. of laboratory and office floor area |
Banquet, conference or meeting halls | • One space for each 3 seats or 1 space per 75 sq. ft. of net banquet or meeting floor area where fixed seating is not available |
Bar or tavern | • One space for every 3 seats or 1 space for each 100 sq. ft. of floor area, whichever is greater |
Building materials, contractors equipment sales yard | • One space per 400 sq. ft. of net floor area |
Car wash, automated | • Five stacking spaces for each automated car wash lane |
Car wash, self-service | • Two stacking spaces for each stall + 2 drying spaces for each stall |
Commercial entertainment | • One space for each 3 seats or 1 space for each 100 sq. ft. of floor area |
Commercial recreation | • One space for each 50 sq. ft. of pool area • One space for each 100 sq. ft. of outdoor playground area • Five spaces for each trail head • Six spaces for each tennis, racquet ball or handball court • Ten spaces for each basketball court • Twenty spaces for each baseball, softball or soccer field |
Convenience store (with gas pumps) | • One space per 200 sq. ft. of net floor area + 1 space per pump + 1 space per employee |
Day care facility, child | • One space per 4 children of licensed capacity + 1 space per employee |
Drive-in or drive-through facility | • One space per 100 sq. ft. of gross floor area if entirely drive-through. If drive-in facility, 1 space for each ordering space + 1 space per 100 sq. ft. of gross floor area |
Display room for merchandise sold at wholesale | • One space per 300 sq. ft. of display floor area |
Financial institution | • One space per 250 sq. ft. of floor area + 4 stacking spaces for drive-in service window |
Funeral home or mortuary | • One space per 100 sq. ft. of parlor or chapel space or 1 per 5 seats, whichever is greater, but not less than 20 spaces |
Grain elevator | • One space per 100 sq. ft. of office space associated with the facility |
Hotel or motel | • One space per each room + 1 space for each employee + 1 space for each 100 sq. ft. of meeting area and/or restaurant space or bar/cocktail lounge |
Manufacturing uses | • One space for each 2 employees on the largest shift |
Mixed uses | • The sum of spaces of each use reduced by 15%. |
Motor vehicle filling station (without convenience retail) | • Two spaces per each 2 fuel pumps + 1 space for each 50 sq. ft. of attendant facility |
Motor vehicle service station | • Two spaces per service bay (excluding the bay) + 2 spaces for every 2 fuel pumps |
Motor vehicle service station and body shop | • Three spaces per service bay (excluding the bay) + 1 space per vehicle used in operation of the service and 1 space for each 50 sq. ft. of waiting room area |
Motor vehicle, truck, trailer and farm implement sales | • One space per 300 sq. ft. of net floor area of the showroom |
Office (excluding medical) | • One space per 400 sq. ft. |
Office, medical/dental clinic | • One space per 200 sq. ft. |
Outside storage | • Two spaces for the first 2,000 square feet + 1 space for each additional 2,000 square feet of outdoor storage area |
Personal services | • One space per 300 sq. ft. of gross floor area |
Professional services | • One space per 300 sq. ft. of gross floor area + 1 space for each service vehicle parked on site |
Research and development facility | • One space per 300 sq. ft. of gross floor area |
Restaurant | • One space per 100 sq. ft. of gross floor area |
Restaurant drive-in | • Five stacking spaces per lane |
Restaurant, fast food | • One space per 75 sq. ft. of gross floor area plus 5 stacking spaces for each drive-through window |
Retail business | • One space per 250 sq. ft. of net floor area |
Salvage, scrap and wrecking operations | • One space per each 50 sq. ft. of office gross floor area |
Self-storage warehouse facility | • Three spaces + 1 space per 100 individual storage units |
Sexually oriented business | • One space per each 200 sq. ft. of gross floor area |
Trucking, carting, express, hauling or transfer terminal | • One space per 1,500 sq. ft of gross floor area + 1 space per facility vehicle |
Warehouse | • One space per 2,000 sq. ft. of warehouse floor area + additional space for office area as per office requirements |
Schedule of Off-Street Parking Requirements | |
Public and Semi-Public Uses | Formula
|
Club, fraternity, lodge or similar organization | • One space per 100 sq. ft. of floor area |
Community center or recreation center | • One space per 200 sq. ft. of floor area |
Educational institution (Pre K-8) | • One space for every 8 seats in any auditorium + 2 spaces for each classroom |
Educational institution (9-12) | • One space for every 10 students of design capacity + 1 space for every 8 seats in any auditorium |
Government buildings | • One space per 250 sq. ft. of floor area for administrative use + 1 space for each government vehicle parked on site • One space per 500 square feet of indoor maintenance use |
Hospital | • One space per each bed + 1 space for each 500 square feet of administrative, office or laboratory space |
Library | • One space per each 400 sq. ft. of floor area |
Recreation uses, public | • One space for each 50 square feet of pool area • One space for each 500 square feet of outdoor playground area • Four spaces per acre for unimproved recreation area • Five spaces for each trail head • Six spaces for each tennis, racquet ball or handball court • Ten spaces for each basketball court • Twenty spaces for each baseball, softball or soccer field |
Religious place of worship | • One space per 5 seats or bench seating in the main assembly area |
Vocational/technical school | • One space per employee + 1 space per 2 registered student capacity |
University or college | • One space per 2 employees + 1 space per 4 students |
(Ord. 2010-29. Passed 7-5-10.)
1284.09 OFF-STREET LOADING REQUIREMENTS.
(a) Applicability. In any district, in connection with every building or part thereof hereafter erected and having a gross floor area of 10,000 square feet or more, which is to be occupied by manufacturing, storage, warehouse, goods display, retail store, wholesale store, market, hotel, hospital, mortuary, laundry, dry cleaning or other uses similarly requiring the receipt or distribution by vehicles of material or merchandise, there shall be provided and maintained, on the same lot with such building, at least one off-street loading space. In no case will loading or unloading be permitted within public rights-of-way or interfere with required parking areas.
(b) Number of Loading Spaces Required. Off-street loading spaces shall be provided in accordance with the table below. Loading spaces shall not conflict with or overlap with areas used for parking.
GROSS FLOOR AREA OF STRUCTURE (IN SQUARE FEET) | NUMBER OF REQUIRED LOADING SPACES |
0 - 10,000 | 0 |
10,001 - 50,000 | 1 |
50,001 - 100,000 | 2 |
100,001 - 200,000 | 3 |
200,001 - 400,000 | 4 |
Each additional 200,000 over 400,000 | 1 additional space |
(c) Dimensions. Each loading space shall be not less than 12 feet in width, 50 feet in length, and have 14 feet of unobstructed height.
(d) Location.
(1) In M-1, B-1, and B-2 Districts, such loading space may not occupy any part of any required yard. In M-2, M-3 and B-3 Districts, such loading space may occupy any part of any required yard.
(2) No such space shall be located closer than 50 feet to a lot in any R District, unless wholly within a completely enclosed building or unless enclosed on all sides by a wall or suitable fence not less than six feet in height.
(e) Surface. All loading spaces shall be graded and provided with a durable and dustless hard surface of asphalt, Portland cement, concrete, or other suitable materials capable of withstanding 1,000 pounds per square inch (psi).
(f) Drainage. Individual stalls shall be graded to drain so as to dispose of all surface water within the loading area in accordance with applicable stormwater regulations. No surface water from loading areas shall be permitted to accumulate or drain over a public sidewalk.
(g) Screening. All operations, materials, and vehicles in any loading space that are visible from public streets or from residential districts shall be screened. The screening material, upon installation, shall be at least six feet in height, 100% opaque.
(Ord. 2010-29. Passed 7-5-10.)