Waynesboro City Zoning Code
ARTICLE X
Off-Street Parking and Loading
§ 295-89 General regulations.
A.
Off-street parking and loading space shall be provided as further specified in this chapter and shall be furnished with necessary passageways and driveways. All such space shall be deemed to be required space on the lot on which it is situated and shall not be encroached upon or reduced in any manner. All parking areas, passageways, and driveways shall be paved, shall be clearly marked for car spaces, and shall be drained in conformance with Borough standards prior to issuance of an occupancy permit.
B.
All parking spaces shall have a stall width of no less than 10 feet and a total depth of no less than 20 feet.
C.
None of the off-street parking or off-street loading facilities as required in this chapter shall be required for any existing building or use not now conforming to these requirements, unless said building or use shall be expanded. In this case, the provisions of this chapter shall apply only to that portion of the building or use so expanded. However, if the expansion is 25% or more of the existing building size, enough parking for all the building area (past and proposed) must be provided per the requirements of this chapter.
D.
Off-street parking for new development shall be owned or leased on a long-term basis consistent with the economic life of the development. All required off-street parking shall be within 200 feet of the principal use unless otherwise specified by this chapter. When parking will be provided separate from that where the principal use is located, the applicant shall demonstrate that the required parking is available for all uses on both lots, adequate pedestrian access is provided to the other lot, and legal arrangements acceptable to Borough Council have been made to assure the availability of those spaces.
E.
Vehicle parking or loading space maintained in connection with an existing and continuing principal building, structure, or land use on the effective date of this chapter or amendment thereto up to the number of required by this chapter, shall be continued and may not be counted as serving a new building, structure, addition, or land use; nor shall any required parking space be substituted for an off-street loading and unloading space, nor any required loading and unloading space substituted for a parking space.
F.
In the case of mixed or multiple uses, the parking facilities required shall be the sum of the requirements for the various individual uses, computed separately in accordance with the parking schedule herein under; parking facilities for one use shall not be considered as providing the required parking facilities for any other use. Where the same space is used for several purposes, the most stringent requirement shall govern, unless justification is made by the developer to the Planning Commission who may recommend modifications to Borough Council to the parking schedule if deemed appropriate and consistent with the intent of the ordinance.
G.
When the intensity of use changes for any property, the parking requirements of this chapter shall be met for all of the uses as a result of the changes.
H.
All parking and loading areas and appurtenant passageways and driveways serving nonresidential uses shall be illuminated adequately during the hours of use. Shielding shall be provided to protect adjacent residential zones from the glare and from that of automobile headlights.
I.
Provisions shall be made for the disposal of stormwater from parking areas in conformance with Chapter 238, Stormwater Management, insuring that such water shall not flow onto adjoining property or adjacent sidewalks in a quantity or manner that would be detrimental thereto, or inconvenient to persons using the sidewalk.
J.
No part of any vehicle shall extend over any property line.
K.
Where parking requirements are determined by the number of seats and only temporary seats are provided, the number of parking spaces to be provided shall be based upon the capacity for temporary seats in normal usage. Where benches are provided, each two lineal feet of bench shall equal one seat.
L.
All areas for off-street parking shall be physically separated from public streets or highways by a raised curb or planting strip to serve as a barrier against unchanneled motor vehicle entrance or exit, except for necessary accessways or access roads which supply entrance to and egress from such parking areas.
M.
The required parking space for any number of separate uses may be combined in one lot, but the required space assigned to one use may not be assigned to another use at the same time, provided the Borough Council may permit sharing of parking spaces between nonresidential uses not occurring in one shared lot. A maximum of 50% of parking spaces required for uses operated during evening hours or weekends, such as houses of worship, assembly halls, and theaters, may be made available to and shared with uses such as banks, offices, and retail uses not normally in use, open or operating during evening hours (between 5:30 p.m. and 6:00 a.m., prevailing time). The Borough Council shall be satisfied that legal agreements acceptable to the Borough Solicitor are in place to assure the availability of parking in the future and that parking will be available for all uses during all hours of the day. The applicant shall provide the necessary documentation to the Borough Council, which shall determine whether sharing may occur and to what extent it may occur.
N.
Parking reserve area.
(1)
In order to prevent the establishment of a greater number of parking spaces than may actually be needed, the Borough Council may grant permission to reserve construction of a percentage of the total required number of parking spaces required by this chapter for future parking needs consideration.
(2)
The applicant shall provide documentation from an engineer licensed as a professional engineer in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania supporting the request for a reduction in parking spaces.
(3)
In all cases where a percentage of the parking requirement will be held in reserve, the actual area needed to fulfill the parking space requirement shall be shown within the design on the land development plan. Reserve areas shall be restricted from development other than for parking purposes.
(4)
In no case shall the required number of parking spaces held in reserve be greater than 20% of the total required number of parking spaces.
(5)
The parking reserve area shall not include areas for required buffer yards, setbacks, required common open space, or areas which would otherwise be unsuitable for parking spaces due to physical or environmental constraints of the area.
(6)
The Borough Council may require that additional parking spaces be constructed, in accordance with this section, where the Borough Council determines that the spaces are necessary due to traffic congestion or parking overflow on the site.
(7)
In the event that the total number of parking spaces are not required by the Borough Council, land not used for parking areas shall remain as open space and shall be deed restricted if necessary.
O.
Parking areas for nonresidential uses outside of Town Center and Downtown Business Districts which are designed to contain more than eight vehicles shall be screened from the view of any lands zoned residential which are adjacent to the land on which the nonresidential parking area is located.
P.
Parking areas and access drives for nonresidential uses outside the Town Center and Downtown Business Districts shall be located a minimum of four feet from a street right-of-way line or lot line, unless otherwise specified in this chapter, and the area between the parking area or access drive and the lot line or street right-of-way line shall be landscaped.
Q.
Off-street parking lots outside the Downtown Business and Town Center Districts containing more than 20 parking spaces shall be landscaped to reduce wind and air turbulence, heat and noise, and the glare of automobile lights, to provide shade, to improve stormwater drainage problems, and to provide for a more attractive setting. A landscaping plan shall be submitted for review by the Planning Commission and approval of Borough Council. Such landscaping plan shall consist of perimeter plantings, planted islands at the ends of double rows of parking spaces, and islands in rows such that no more than 15 spaces shall be uninterrupted by plantings.
R.
The width of aisles in parking areas shall be no less than listed in the following table:
Aisle Width | ||
|---|---|---|
Angle of Parking | One-Way (feet) | Two-Way (feet) |
90° | 20 | 24 |
60° | 18 | Not permitted |
45° | 15 | Not permitted |
30° | 12 | Not permitted |
S.
In all zoning districts, parking spaces for all types of dwellings, including but not limited to townhouse, duplex and single- and two-family dwellings shall be located a minimum of five feet from the public right-of-way.
§ 295-90 Off-street parking schedule for all districts except Town Center District and Downtown Business District.
All uses permitted by this chapter or hereafter permitted in any of the districts herein established, except the Town Center District and Downtown Business District, shall provide as a minimum the number of off-street parking spaces specified in the following schedule. Parking spaces for employees shall be computed on the basis of maximum employment, including seasonal and part-time, on the largest shift. For uses not specified in the following schedule, the same requirements of the most similar use in the schedule shall apply. Where calculations of spaces result in a fractional space, any fraction under one-half may be disregarded and any fraction one-half and over shall be construed as one whole space.
Use Type | One Off-Street Parking Space Required for Each | Plus One Off-Street Parking Space Required for Each |
|---|---|---|
Residential Uses | ||
Single-family, duplex, two-family, apartment, townhouse, and multifamily dwellings | 0.5 dwelling unit (2 spaces per unit) | — |
Mobile home park | 0.5 dwelling unit (2 spaces per mobile home) | — |
Conversions | 0.5 dwelling unit (2 spaces per unit) | — |
Home occupations; home professional offices | 0.5 dwelling unit Nonresident employee | 100 square feet of floor space used for the occupation or office |
Elderly housing | 0.5 dwelling unit (2 spaces per unit) | — |
Public or Private Recreation | ||
Private or membership clubs or lodges | 6 members or 6 persons of total capacity | Full-time employee |
Bowling alleys | 0.25 lanes (4 spaces per lane) | Full-time employee |
Theaters, auditoriums, libraries, skating rinks, stadiums | 6 seats | 2 full-time employees |
Golf course | 2 people (based on total capacity) | Full-time employee |
Governmental, Institutional, Educational, and Utility | ||
Churches or other places of worship | 5 seats | — |
Public or private educational institution | 1 faculty member and other full-time employee | 8 pupils aged 16 years or older |
Licensed convalescent or nursing home | 5 beds | Staff and visiting doctor and every 2 employees (including nurses) on the largest shift |
Cemeteries | 1 full-time employee | Salesperson |
Day-care homes and centers; nursery schools | 1 faculty member | 2 classrooms and offices |
Hospitals | 3 beds | Staff and visiting doctor and every 2 employees (including nurses) on the largest shift |
Essential public utility | 1 employee | — |
Retail, Commercial, Business, Professional Service | ||
Motor vehicle servicing and repair | 1/3 service bay (3 spaces per bay) | Full-time employee |
Financial and business services such as banks, credit unions | 250 square feet of floor used for serving customers | Full-time employee |
Professional offices such as real estate, insurance, consultants | 500 square feet of gross floor area | Full-time employee |
Retail stores and businesses | 250 square feet of area used for serving customers | 2 full-time employees |
Funeral homes | 4 seats for patron use or 50 square feet of gross floor area | Full-time nonresident employee |
Medical or dental offices, clinics | 0.25 practitioner (4 spaces per practitioner) | Full-time employee |
Personal service businesses such as barber shops, photo shops, appliance repair | 100 square feet of floor area used for serving customers | 2 full-time employees |
Restaurants, taverns | 3 seats for customers | 2 full-time employees |
Drive-through restaurants | 100 square feet of gross floor area | Table or booth, plus 1 space for each 2 counter stools, plus 1 space for each 2 employees |
Self-service laundromats | 4 washing or dry-cleaning machines | 2 full-time employees |
Motel, hotel | Rental room or suites | Full-time employee 4 seats provided for customers |
Industrial and Employment-Oriented | ||
All industrial uses | 2 employees on the largest shift | Company vehicle normally stored on the premises and for each 5 managers (visitor space) |
§ 295-91 Off-street parking in the Town Center District and Downtown Business District - not part of a planned town center development.
A.
Off-street parking in the Town Center District.
(1)
The number of off-street parking spaces for each use in the Town Center District except as set forth in Subsection A(3) and (4) shall be determined by the Zoning Officer (after advisory report from the Planning Commission) for permitted uses, and by the Zoning Hearing Board for special exception uses.
(2)
In determining the appropriate number of off-street parking spaces required for each commercial use, the Planning Commission or the Zoning Hearing Board may take into consideration the following:
(a)
The number of employees at the highest daily period of operation in the most active operating season of the year.
(b)
The estimated number of users, customers, members, clients, and residents at the highest daily period of activity in the most active operating season of the year.
(c)
The total number or a portion of the required parking spaces should be located on the premises if appropriate space is available. When space is not available or appropriate, the applicant shall demonstrate that the required off-street parking spaces are available off the applicant's premises within walking distance of 200 feet. The applicant shall produce written documentation of an agreement with the owner of off-premises parking space to demonstrate that required parking spaces have been leased and assigned and will remain available to the applicant for the sole purpose of meeting the parking requirements of the applicant's intended use.
(4)
Off-street parking for any permitted residential use, including single-family dwellings, duplex dwellings, two-family dwellings, and/or multifamily dwellings shall be two spaces per dwelling unit. In the event of a mixed commercial and residential use, the Zoning Officer or Zoning Hearing Board shall consider the factors set forth in Subsection A(2) above and provide for two off-street parking spaces for each dwelling unit.
B.
Off-street parking in the Downtown Business District:
(1)
For buildings existing as of September 1, 2008, the following applies:
(a)
Vehicle parking or loading space maintained in connection with an existing and continuing principal building, structure, or land use on the date of the enactment of this chapter up to the number required by § 295-90, shall be continued and may not be counted as serving a new building, structure, addition, or land use; nor shall any required parking space be substituted for an off-street loading and unloading space, nor any required loading and unloading space substituted for a parking space.
(b)
Upon subdivision, change of use, or enlargement of nonresidential space, no additional parking spaces will be required for a nonresidential occupancy listed as a use by right for this district.
(c)
Upon conversion of residential space to a nonresidential occupancy listed as a use by right for this district, no additional parking spaces will be required.
(2)
For buildings constructed after September 1, 2008, and for all conversions at any time from commercial to residential uses, the following applies:
(b)
In determining the appropriate number of parking spaces for each commercial use, the Planning Commission or the Zoning Hearing Board may take into consideration the following:
(c)
The total number or a portion of the required parking spaces should be located on the premises if appropriate space is available. When space is not available or appropriate, the applicant shall demonstrate that the required off-street parking spaces are available off the applicant's premises within walking distance of 200 feet. The applicant shall produce written documentation of an agreement with the owner of off-premises parking space to demonstrate that the required parking spaces have been leased and assigned to the applicant for the sole purpose of meeting the parking requirements of the applicant's intended use.
(e)
Off-street parking for any permitted residential use, including multifamily dwelling shall be two spaces per dwelling unit. In the event of a mixed commercial and residential use, the Zoning Officer or Zoning Hearing Board shall consider the factors set forth in Subsection B(2)(b), above, and provide for two off-street parking spaces for each dwelling unit.
§ 295-92 Off-street parking in the Town Center District and Downtown Business District for a planned town center development.
Off-street parking requirements for a planned town center development shall be determined in accordance with the procedures and requirements of Article VII.
§ 295-93 Loading space.
A.
Except for uses in the Town Center District and Downtown Business District, all permitted uses requiring loading space for normal operations shall provide adequate paved loading space so that no vehicle being loaded or unloaded in connection with normal operations shall stand in or project into any public street, walk or alley. The number and size of loading spaces provided and their location shall be appropriate for the use to be conducted on the premises and sufficient to accommodate all vehicles serving the use. When a permit is applied for constructing, expanding, or changing a structure or use, the application shall show all provisions for off-street loading and include supporting data (data on number, frequency and size of vehicles which will use the loading facilities) which justify the number and size of spaces provided. Number and size of spaces required shall be approved by the Zoning Officer unless otherwise indicated in this chapter.
B.
In the Town Center District and Downtown Business District, the uses shall demonstrate that adequate paved space will be provided or that loading and unloading activities will be conducted at a time, location and in a manner which will not be detrimental to the normal functions of nearby uses, streets, alleys and parking areas.