[Amended 11-7-2006; 6-14-2016; 6-14-2022; 11-5-2024]
The purpose of this section is to allow, by Planning Board approval, the clustering of one-family dwelling units. Clustering shall provide a more efficient use of land resulting in the preservation of natural land forms, wetlands, wildlife and waterfowl habitats, significant vegetation and agricultural lands, other natural resources, and historic sites. Notwithstanding other provisions of this chapter, the Planning Board may modify the dimensional requirements of this chapter as specified in this section to permit the clustering of one-family homes. Such modifications shall not be construed as the granting of a variance to relieve hardship.
A. Permitted locations. Residential cluster development shall be permitted in all zoning districts where residential development is allowed. All areas of a cluster subdivision located within the Aquifer Protection District or the Shoreland Overlay District shall be dedicated as undeveloped open space.
B. Density. The maximum density of dwelling units permitted shall be the same as permitted in the district(s) in which the cluster development is located, unless density bonuses are granted in accordance with §
145-49D. To determine maximum density the following steps shall be taken:
(1) In order to determine the maximum number of dwelling units permitted on a tract of land the net residential acreage shall be determined by calculating net area and subtracting 15% of the area of the lot to account for roads and other infrastructure such as stormwater facilities, parking and common utilities.
(2) A cluster development layout shall be submitted indicating a minimum of 50% open space and shall depict significant natural and historical features.
C. Dimensional requirements.
(1) The minimum lot sizes may be reduced to the following dimensions depending on whether or not served by public sewer:
Served by Public Sewer |
|---|
Type of Dwelling | RA, GB and RC Districts (square feet) |
One-family dwelling | 10,000 |
Type of Dwelling | Rural District (square feet) |
One-family dwelling | 20,000 |
Not Served by Public Sewer |
|---|
Type of Dwelling | Rural District (square feet) |
One-family dwelling | 43,560 |
Type of Dwelling | RA and RC Districts (square feet) |
One-family dwelling | 30,000 |
(2) The required setbacks from lot lines and from street rights-of-way within the cluster development shall be the same as required in Article
V, District Regulations.
(3) The required street frontage on a proposed private street may be reduced to no less than 50 feet. The required street frontage on a Town way may not be reduced, except lots within the Rural District may reduce street frontage on a Town way to no less than 150 feet.
(4) A buffer strip owned in fee by the homeowners' association shall be required along any adjacent property line. The buffer strip shall be a no cut buffer except at driveway locations and shall consist of natural vegetation, or the Planning Board shall require natural evergreen plantings to establish a visual screen. The buffer strip width shall be twice the required setback along the adjoining lot line. The Planning Board may require additional screening or restrict the removal of vegetation within the setback to provide a buffer between higher and lower density development.
(5) When a cluster subdivision abuts a Town way, a 200 foot wide buffer strip owned in fee by the homeowners' association shall be required from the street from the street right-of-way limit. The buffer strip shall be a no cut buffer except at driveway locations and shall consist of natural vegetation, or the Planning Board shall require natural evergreen plantings to establish a visual screen, except at driveway locations. Utility and driveway locations shall be combined as one location.
(6) The open space shall consist of no more than 50% coastal wetland or freshwater wetland as defined in §
145-10 except freshwater wetlands shall also include wetlands dominated by trees or woody vegetation of any height in any district.
D. Innovative open space bonus. At least 50% of the total parcel acreage in a cluster subdivision must be designated as open space and protected as such in perpetuity. At the discretion of the Planning Board the applicant may earn density bonuses in addition to the maximum density permitted in §
145-49B. The applicant may seek application of more than one density bonus as set forth below, and the total density bonus earned shall be cumulative. However, in no case shall the total density bonus allow the overall subdivision density to exceed the maximum density allowed in §
145-49B above by more than 10%. Density calculations, including all awarded open space bonuses, shall be shown on the subdivision plan.
(1) An open space cluster plan that allows public access to the open space may be awarded a density bonus of 5%. The nature of public access required to trigger this bonus is pedestrian traffic. The instrument granting access, acceptable to the Planning Board, may reasonably restrict the use of motorized vehicles.
(2) An open space cluster plan that effectively links large areas of the dedicated open space to adjoining dedicated open space may be awarded a density bonus of 5%.
E. Aquifer Protection District.
(1) All land within the Aquifer Protection District shall be included within the common land or open space;
(2) All stormwater facilities and development shall be located outside the Aquifer Protection District. Stormwater undisturbed natural buffers may be located in the Aquifer Protection District.
F. Management of open space. The open space portion of the cluster development site shall be permanently dedicated open space by covenant recorded at the Registry of Deeds and shown on the recorded subdivision plans. No more than 2% of the open space shall be impervious surfaces that are accessory to the proposed use of open space (i.e., roads, parking areas, sheds, etc.), of which total structural coverage shall not exceed 600 square feet. Nonroofed or elevated structures (i.e., walking paths) are allowed. The designated open space shall not be used for additional building lots.
(1) Prior to the sale of any lots, the open space shall be controlled by one or more of the following methods:
(a) Ownership by an association of the owners of the dwelling units within the development;
(b) Ownership by an association of the owners of the dwelling units within the development with a conservation easement granted to the Town or recognized conservation organization;
(c) Dedication to the Town as public open space; and/or
(d) Transfer, with permanent restrictions, to a land trust or other recognized conservation organization.
(2) The developer may structure the control of the common open space in one or more of the above methods. The Planning Board shall approve the arrangements for the ownership, control and maintenance of the common open space as part of the subdivision approval. No changes in use or management of the common open space shall be made without the approval of the Planning Board.
G. Homeowners' association management of open space. If the open space will be owned and/or managed by the owners within the cluster development, then a homeowners' association shall be created to own and manage the common lands and facilities. Covenants for mandatory membership in the homeowners' association, setting forth the owner's rights, interest and responsibilities, and providing for the assessment of lots or units to fund common expenses shall be required and approved by the Planning Board and shall be included in the deed for each lot. The documents shall also include a management plan for the common open space and facilities.