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Wright Township City Zoning Code

ARTICLE 11

Off-Street Parking and Loading

§ 145-1101 Purpose.

Off-street parking, loading and unloading facilities shall be provided to lessen traffic congestion in the streets. The facilities required by these provisions shall be available throughout the hours of operation for the particular business or use for which such facilities are provided. As uses herein, the term "parking space" includes covered garage or carport or uncovered parking lot space located off the public right-of-way.

§ 145-1102 Size of Off-Street Parking Spaces.

Each off-street parking space shall have an area of not less than two hundred (200) square feet, being ten (10) feet in width and twenty (20) feet in length, exclusive of access drives or aisles.

§ 145-1103 Size of Off-Street Loading Spaces.

Each off-street loading space shall be not less than fifty (50) feet in depth, twelve (12) feet in width and provide an overhead clearance of not less than fourteen (14) feet. All loading areas shall be designed, constructed and used so that all vehicular maneuvering is contained within the lot and no vehicle shall be permitted to back into or out of the public right-of-way.

§ 145-1104 Dimensions and Design.

The dimension and design of off-street parking areas shall comply with the following:
A. 
Stall width shall be at least ten (10) feet.
B. 
Stall depth shall be at least eighteen (18) feet for angle parking and twenty (20) feet for parallel parking.
C. 
The minimum width of aisles providing access to stalls, with one-way traffic, varying with the angle of parking, shall be:
Angle of Parking
Minimum Aisle Width
Parallel
12 feet
30 degrees
11 feet
45 degrees
13 feet
60 degrees
18 feet
90 degrees
20 feet
D. 
The minimum width for aisles providing access to stalls with two-way traffic shall be twenty­four (24) feet.

§ 145-1105 Width of Access Driveways.

The width of a driveway intended to provide access to or from a property shall comply with the following:
A. 
A minimum of ten (10) feet for all single-family dwellings.
B. 
A minimum of twelve (12) feet for one-way traffic for all uses other than single-family dwellings.
C. 
A minimum of twenty (20) feet for two-way traffic for all uses other than single-family dwellings.
D. 
A maximum of twenty (20) feet at the street right-of-way lines in a residential district and/or for a residential use, and thirty (30) feet in all other districts and/or for any nonresidential use.

§ 145-1106 Number and Location of Access Driveways.

There shall be adequate ingress or egress to all parking spaces. All driveways providing access to a property must be clearly defined upon the applicant's site plan. Open and/or unrestricted access along any pubic right-of-way shall be prohibited. For the purpose of providing access to a property, driveways crossing a street right-of-way line shall be limited to one (1) along each front, rear or side lot line. On all corner properties, there shall be a minimum distance of forty (40) feet from any driveway to the lot line fronting on the intersecting street, as measured along the right-of-way lines.

§ 145-1107 Location of Off-street Parking Areas.

The required off-street parking spaces for any type of use shall be located on the same lot as the principal use to which it is accessory. The required off-street parking may be permitted on another lot, if approved as a special exception use by the Zoning Hearing Board, in conformance with the following criteria and the general standards applicable to all special exception uses as contained in §145-604 of this Chapter:
A. 
The lot to be used for off-street parking and the lot on which the principal use is located shall be in the same zoning district.
B. 
The lot to be used for off-street parking and the lot on which the principal use is located shall be held under the same ownership.
C. 
The lot to be used for off-street parking shall be not less than two hundred (200) feet to any lot line on which the principal structure is located.

§ 145-1108 Expansion of Existing Use.

When an existing use of a building, structure or land is expanded, off-street parking and/or loading facilities shall be provided in accordance with the applicable provisions of this Chapter for the net increase of expansion based upon land area and/or gross floor area of the subject use.

§ 145-1109 Change of Use.

Whenever an existing use of a building, structure or land is changed to a different use, the required off-street parking and/or loading facilities shall be provided in accordance with the applicable provisions of this Chapter based upon the proposed change in use.

§ 145-1110 Grading, Pavement and Drainage of Off-street Parking Areas.

Off-street parking areas shall be graded in a manner to preclude standing surface water and to prevent damage to abutting properties and/or streets. Off-street parking areas shall be surfaced with a pavement structure of bituminous asphalt material or concrete. The need for any catch basins, including the design, location and material of the same may be referred to the Township Engineer for his review and recommendations prior to approval of an off-street parking area.

§ 145-1111 Front Yard Landscaping for Off-Street Parking.

Any off-street parking spaces for five (5) or more vehicles, located in the front yard of a nonresidential use, shall provide the following:
A. 
A planting strip not less than ten (10) feet in depth with shrubbery, plants and trees.
B. 
Shrubbery or plants or shall have a spacing distance along the frontage used for parking at a distance of not greater than six(6) feet apart. One (1) tree for every forty (40) feet of frontage shall be required within said planting strip.

§ 145-1112 Lighting.

Any lighting used to illuminate off-street parking or loading areas shall be arranged to reflect the light away from adjoining properties and the public right-of-way.

§ 145-1113 Parking in Setback Yard Areas.

Excluding any required buffer area, the following setbacks shall be applicable for required off-street parking in the following districts:
Zoning District
Front Yard
Rear Yard
Side Yard
B-1
10 feet
15 feet
10 feet
B-2
15 feet
20 feet
10 feet
I-1
15 feet
20 feet
15 feet

§ 145-1114 Existing Structures and Uses.

Structures and uses in existence at the date of adoption of this Chapter shall not be subject to the off-street parking or off-street loading requirements, so long as a structure or use is not changed, altered or expanded. Existing off-street parking or off-street loading facilities provided prior to the adoption of this Chapter shall not be reduced below the minimum required in this Chapter.

§ 145-1115 Fractional Space.

When required parking computation results in fractions, any fraction less than one-half(½) shall be disregarded and any fraction equal to or greater than one-half(½) shall be construed to require a full space.

§ 145-1116 Multiple Activities or Uses.

In any instance where a nonresidential structure, building or use of land contains more than one (1) defined use, the required parking for each specific use shall be provided.

§ 145-1117 Off-Street Parking Requirements.

Any structure, building or use of land hereafter erected, converted, enlarged or placed into use shall comply with the minimum off-street parking spaces as provided herein:
A. 
Single-Family Structure. Two (2) spaces for each dwelling unit.
B. 
Two-Family Structure. Two (2) spaces for each dwelling unit.
C. 
Multifamily Residential (Including townhouses and garden apartments). Two (2) spaces for each dwelling unit.
D. 
Boarding House or Rooming House. One (1) space for each guest room.
E. 
Home Occupation.
(1) 
Four (4) spaces for any medical practitioner, excluding staff.
(2) 
Two (2) spaces for all other home occupations.
The above requirements do not include those required for the dwelling unit.
F. 
Churches and Similar Places of Worship. One (1) space for every three (3) seats in the main assembly room or one (1) space for each twelve (12) feet of bench length; if fixed seating is not provided, one (1) space for every thirty (30) square feet of gross floor area.
G. 
Places of Public or Private Assembly, Including Auditoriums, Meeting Halls and Community Centers. One (1) space for every three (3) seats or one (1) space for each fifty (50) square feet of floor area when there is no fixed seating.
H. 
Schools, Elementary and Secondary. One (1) space for each staff member, plus one (1) space for every fifteen (15) classroom seats. Where a school also has an auditorium or a stadium, the total number of parking spaces required for such use shall also be provided.
I. 
College, Commercial, Business or Vocational Trade Schools. One (1) space for each staff and/or faculty member, plus one (1) space for every five (5) classroom seats.
J. 
Nursery or Day Care Schools. One (1) space for each employee, plus one (1) space for every five (5) children, based upon the maximum number of children which the facility is licensed to serve.
K. 
Hospitals/Nursing Homes. One (1) space for every three (3) beds, plus one (1) space each employee on the maximum working shift.
L. 
Medical or Dental Offices or Clinics. Six (6) spaces for every doctor, dentist, chiropractor or other licensed medical practitioner and one (1) space for each staff member.
M. 
Nonprofit Social Halls, Clubs and Lodges. One (1) space for every one hundred (100) square feet of gross floor area.
N. 
Public Uses. One (1) space for every two hundred (200) square feet of gross floor area.
O. 
Public Utility Facilities. Two (2) spaces per facility; if the facility includes maintenance and/or storage yards then the required number of spaces shall be one (1) for each employee assigned to work at such facility.
P. 
Outdoor Recreational Facilities. In cases where such facilities include spectator seating, there shall be one (1) space for every four (4) seats; facilities which do not provide any spectator seating shall provide one (1) space for every two thousand (2,000) square feet in the recreational site, plus an additional ten (10) spaces, if there is a swimming pool and an additional two (2) spaces if there is playground equipment.
Q. 
Retail Businesses. One (1) space for every two hundred (200) square feet of gross floor area.
R. 
Eating and Drinking Establishments. One (1) space for every two (2) seats, plus one (1) space for each employee on the maximum working shift.
S. 
Fast Food Restaurant. One (1) space for every eight (80) square feet of service or dining area, with a minimum of five (5) spaces. A fast food restaurant with a drive-in window shall, in addition to the above requirements, provide eight (8) stacking spaces for the drive-in window designated for the ordering station. Such spaces shall be designed in a manner not to impede pedestrian or vehicular circulation on the site or on any abutting street.
T. 
Entertainment Facilities. Such facilities, as defined in Article 2, of this Chapter, shall require one (1) space for every two hundred (200) square feet of gross floor area.
U. 
Miniature Golf. Two (2) spaces for each tee.
V. 
Personal Services. As defined in Article 2 of this Chapter, such establishments shall provide one (1) space for every three hundred (300) square feet of gross floor area; the following exceptions include:
(1) 
Self-service coin operated laundries and dry cleaners shall provide one (1) space for every two (2) washing or drying machines.
(2) 
Health clubs shall provide one (1) space for every two hundred (200) square feet of gross floor area; any such club which also serves food and/or beverages shall also comply with the parking requirements of any eating or drinking establishment.
W. 
Animal Hospital. Five (5) spaces for every veterinarian.
X. 
Group Residence. One (1) space for each employee based upon the maximum working shift and one (1) space for each resident who is eligible to operate a vehicle.
Y. 
Funeral Homes. Twenty (20) spaces for each viewing parlor.
Z. 
Professional Offices. One (1) space for every two hundred (200) square feet of gross floor area.
AA. 
Motels and Hotels. One (1) space for each unit for guest accommodations plus one (1) space for each employee on the maximum working shift. Any such facility which also serves food and/or beverages shall also comply with the parking requirements of an eating or drinking establishment.
BB. 
Self-Storage Warehouse. One (1) space for every ten (10) stalls or lockers available for rental, plus one (10 for each employee on the maximum working shift.
CC. 
Gasoline Service Stations. Two (2) exterior spaces for each service bay, one (1) space for each pump, plus one (1) space for every two hundred (200) square feet of gross floor area which is used for the sale or retail goods, including food and/or beverages.
DD. 
Automobile Car Washes. One (1) space for each employee on the maximum working shift.
EE. 
Automotive Sales. One (1) exterior space for every six hundred (600) square feet of gross interior floor space plus one (1) additional space per each five thousand (5,000) square feet open sales or display area.
FF. 
Automotive Repairs. One (1) exterior space for every two hundred (200) square feet of gross interior floor area.
GG. 
Equipment Sales and Repairs. One (1) exterior space for every two hundred (200) square feet of gross floor space.
HH. 
Industrial, Manufacturing, Wholesale and Warehouse Establishments, Truck Terminals, Research and Testing Facilities, and Bottling Plants. One parking space for each employee on the maximum working shift. Space shall be provided for visitors and salesmen in addition to the above parking requirements according to specific needs. However, these additional spaces shall not be less than twenty (20) visitor parking spaces.

§ 145-1118 Parking for Other Nonresidential Uses.

Any commercial use or nonresidential use of a structure, building or land, not specifically listed within § 145-1117 of this Chapter shall provide one (1) off-street parking space for every two hundred (200) square feet of gross floor area or lot area.

§ 145-1119 Off-Street Loading Requirements.

All commercial and industrial establishments shall provide off-street loading, unloading and commercial vehicle storage space adequate for their needs. In no case shall a public right-of-way be used for the loading, unloading or storage of such vehicles.

§ 145-1120 Parking Commercial or Recreational Vehicles.

A. 
Vehicles Prohibited in R Zoning Districts. Off-street parking of the following types of vehicles shall be prohibited in all residential zoning districts:
(1) 
Class 4 vehicles and greater.
(2) 
Air brake equipped trucks and buses.
(3) 
Semitruck trailers except where permitted under § 145-323, Temporary Structures.
(4) 
Commercial machinery and equipment.
(5) 
Buses.
[Amended 5-14-2018 by Ord. No. 250]
B. 
Vehicles Permitted in R Zoning Districts.
(1) 
Off-street parking of the following type of commercial and recreational vehicles shall be permitted in all residential zoning districts.
(a) 
Panel trucks.
(b) 
Recreational vehicles.
(2) 
The above vehicles shall be effectively screened from adjacent residential properties with a substantial, tight fence six (6) feet in height and/or a planting strip not less than five (5) feet in depth, with shrubbery, plants or trees which are a minimum of five (5) feet in height at the time of planting.
(3) 
The above described vehicles shall be allowed only in accordance with the following requirements:
(a) 
There shall not be more than two (2) such vehicles per dwelling unit.
(b) 
The vehicle(s) must be registered in the name of the person(s) residing within the dwelling unit.
(c) 
Such vehicles shall not be located within the front yard.
(d) 
Such vehicles shall be screened from adjacent residential properties as provided above.
(e) 
The motor of such a vehicle shall not be left running for more than thirty (30) minutes during any twenty-four (24) hour period; provided, however that said thirty (30) minute period shall not be between 9:00 p.m. and 6:00 a.m.
(f) 
No refrigeration units on such vehicles shall be operated on a residential lot.
(g) 
No vehicle having a length in excess of forty (40) feet shall be parked overnight on lot in an R Zoning District.
[Amended 5-14-2018 by Ord. No. 250]
C. 
Truck/tractor-trailers that are prohibited from being stored in all residential zoning districts may be stored in B-2 or I-1 Zoning District.

§ 145-1121 Provision of Handicapped Parking Spaces.

A. 
Any business, individual or corporation that owns, leases or operates a facility which includes the provision of public accommodations and/or commercial facilities shall be governed by the provision of this Section. A facility which provides public accommodations shall include, but may not be limited to the following:
(1) 
Places of lodging.
(2) 
Establishments serving food or drink.
(3) 
Places of exhibition or entertainment.
(4) 
Places of public gathering.
(5) 
Sales or rental establishments.
(6) 
Service establishments, stations used for specified public transportation.
(7) 
Places of public display or collection.
(8) 
Places of recreation.
(9) 
Places of education.
(10) 
Social service center establishments, and places of exercise recreation.
B. 
A commercial facility shall include any business whose operations are open to the general public.

§ 145-1122 Design Features for Handicapped Parking Spaces.

A. 
The following provisions shall apply for required handicapped parking spaces:
(1) 
An area not less than five (5) feet in width shall be provided between each handicapped parking space. Said area shall be marked and/or designed to prevent parking therein.
(2) 
An area not less than eight (8) feet in width shall be provided between each van accessible parking space. Said area shall be marked and/or designed to prevent parking therein.
(3) 
Vehicular access to handicapped parking areas shall have a minimum vertical clearance of not less than nine and one-half (9½) feet.
[Amended 8-12-2013 by Ord. No. 236]
(4) 
An off-street parking area shall be designed to provide accessible routes from the handicapped parking areas to an accessible building entrance and to public streets and sidewalks which adjourn the off-street parking area.
B. 
Handicapped accessible spaces, serving a particular facility, shall be located on the shortest accessible route of travel from the parking area to an accessible entrance.

§ 145-1123 Signage for Handicapped Parking.

Handicapped accessible parking spaces shall be designated as reserved by a sign showing the symbol of accessibility. Parking spaces designed for vans shall have an additional sign reading “Van Accessible” mounted below the accessibility sign. Such signs shall be located in a manner so they cannot be obscured by a vehicle.

§ 145-1124 Minimum Number of Handicapped Accessible Spaces.

1. 
When parking spaces are provided for self-parking by employees or visitors, or both, within the total number of off-street parking spaces required under § 145-1117 of this chapter, the following table shall be used to determine the required number of handicapped accessible spaces.
Total No. of Spaces
Required No. of Accessible Spaces
1–25
1
26–50
2
51–75
3
76–100
4
101–150
5
151–200
6
201–300
7
301–400
8
401–500
9
501–1000
2% of total