If the proposed site is underlain by two or more geologic zones (Precambrian Metamorphic and Igneous Zone and the Cambrian-Ordovician Limestone/Dolomite Zone as defined in the "Evaluation of Groundwater Resources of Bethlehem Township, Hunterdon County, New Jersey"), then an aquifer test will be required for each zone. The test requirements for each zone will depend on the number of lots and size of units per zone.

In the event that the preliminary hydrogeologic evaluation indicates that a surface water and/or groundwater divide separates the subdivision, an aquifer test will be required for each side of the divide.

The average daily and average yearly water demand for the subdivision must be determined according to the guidelines in N.J.A.C. 7:10-12.7. The peak day demand is twice the average daily demand.

To ensure that the pumping test adequately stresses the aquifer, the length of the pumping test will be equal to the greater of the following: a) the volume of water removed from the aquifer is equal to the number of dwelling units multiplied by the peak day demand (e.g. 10 four-bedroom dwelling units times a peak day demand of 1,600 gallons per unit equals 16,000 gallons); or b) eight hours. At a minimum, the pumping rate for the test should be equivalent to 120% of the expected long-term rate (e.g. if the expected rate for a dwelling is five gallons per minute, then the minimum rate for the test is six gallons per minute).

For nonresidential use, demand should be determined based on N.J.A.C. 7:10-12.6. If the demand exceeds 100,000 gallons per day, a New Jersey water allocation permit must be obtained from the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection. For demands less than 100,000 gallons per day, the length of the pumping test will equal the greater of the following: a) the volume of water removed from the aquifer is equal to the peak demand; or b) eight hours. The peak demand should be assumed equal to twice the average daily demand. At a minimum, the pumping rate for the test should equal 120% of the expected long-term rate.

For mixed developments containing both residential and nonresidential properties, the residential portion will be tested as described above for residential developments. Each proposed well for the commercial portions will be tested as described in § 102-66C(1) for nonresidential use. In addition, wells installed for the residential portion should be used as observation wells for the nonresidential testing and wells installed for nonresidential use should be used as observation wells for the residential testing.

The number of observation wells required per aquifer test will depend on the number of dwelling units and/or commercial units for the subdivision. New and existing monitoring wells may be located such that they can be used as future water-supply wells but they shall be located in such a manner that will yield the most accurate information concerning the aquifer. Observation wells should be located parallel and perpendicular to strike of the primary fractures intersected by the tested well.

All wells must be located in accordance with the minimum distances required by N.J.A.C. 7:10-12.12. For nonresidential developments with an expected average daily demand less than 2,000 gallons per day, one observation well is required. This well should be within 500 feet of the pumping well. For all other nonresidential developments, two or more observation wells are required. At a minimum, one of these observation wells should be within 200 feet of the pumping well. A second observation well must be within 200 and 500 feet of the pumping well. These two wells should be located along strike of the major water-bearing fractures intersected by the pumping well. If additional observation wells are necessary, these wells should be located parallel to secondary and tertiary fracture sets.

A fracture trace analysis showing the location and orientation of fractures beneath the site must be included with the pumping test plan. This same analysis with additional information regarding septic system locations must be included in the final report.

Major subdivisions of five lots or less to be used for single-family dwelling purposes shall conduct a pumping test on each well as outlined in § 102-66B of this article. All the wells in a major subdivision of five lots or less shall be installed and used as observation wells as each individual well test is conducted. For major subdivisions of six or more lots to be used for single-family homes, the recommended number of observation wells shall be as shown in Table 1.

The observation wells and test well must have a geologic log describing the depth and types of soils and rocks encountered and the depth and yields of all water-bearing fracture zones. Furthermore, the logs should include static water level measurements and total yield estimates for each well. The observation wells should be completed to a similar depth as the test well. At least one of the observation wells should be within 200 feet of the test well and at least one observation well must be located along the preferential fracture direction between 200 and 500 feet of the pumping well. Additional observation wells should be located to evaluate potential secondary fractures and impacts to adjacent properties.

The design of the aquifer test shall be developed using the applicable guidance from "Guidelines for Preparing Hydrogeologic Reports for Water Allocation Permit Application with an Appendix on Aquifer - Test Analysis Procedures" NJGS GSR 29, 1992. The aquifer test shall be conducted according to the following procedure:

A hydrogeologic report shall be provided with each major subdivision application. The report shall document the design and implementation of the aquifer test. The report shall include all water-level data collected during the three phases of testing, the calculations of aquifer characteristics such as transmissivity and storage coefficient, calculations of the cone of influence, potential impacts to adjacent well owners and the long-term sustained yield for the wells. The report shall also evaluate and draw conclusions from the aquifer test based on data collected and evaluation of available information concerning geologic conditions. The report shall include a detailed hydrogeologic description of the aquifers encountered beneath the site and adjacent properties. The report must include a detailed evaluation of the water-supply demand for an average and peak day, and this demand should be supported with information on anticipated population, expected dwelling unit density and size of dwelling units. An inventory of all wells within 1,000 feet of the proposed subdivision boundaries should be appended. Figures depicting site geology, topography, water-level elevations and plans shall be included.

In addition, all water-quality sampling data including copies of the laboratory reports should be provided with the hydrogeologic report. Tables summarizing the analytical results should be included.

The report should include a detailed evaluation of potential impacts from subsurface sewage disposal systems on groundwater quality. A site plan depicting well, septic leach field and fracture trace locations at a minimum scale of one inch equals 200 feet should be included. For any and all locations where a fracture or set of fractures intersects one or more wells and/or septic leach fields, a detailed assessment of treatment technologies should be included. The treatment technologies should provide adequate assurances that any and all groundwater pumped from the wells will satisfy Federal and New Jersey Drinking Water Standards and will not be adversely impacted by the septic leach field discharges.

The hydrogeologic report shall be prepared and signed by a qualified hydrogeologist using applicable sections of GSR 29 as a guide. A qualified hydrogeologist shall be an individual who has received a minimum of a bachelor's degree in geology at an accredited institution or has completed an equivalent of 30 semester hours of geological education while obtaining a bachelor's or master's degree in a related field of engineering or science at an accredited institution. Such a person must also demonstrate five years of professional work experience in the practice of applying geologic principals to interpretation of groundwater conditions. The individual should provide a resume or curriculum vitae to document education and experience requirements.

The hydrogeologic report shall include the name and license number of the well driller and pump installer. The report should include the names of the persons and firm responsible for collecting the water-level measurements. In addition, the report should include copies of the completed NJDEP well records.

The aquifer test and analysis shall be deemed to have failed if such test cannot demonstrate to the satisfaction of the Planning Board that sufficient groundwater supply exists to supply water via wells at a rate meeting at least the average daily demand for the proposed development. If the drawdown is measured or projected to be more than one foot at any existing adjacent property well or along the subdivision boundary, the applicant's hydrogeologist must evaluate the impact on adjacent properties based on the actual condition of wells in that zone.

If a drawdown of five feet or more is noted in any existing adjacent property well, or is projected at any property boundary, then the proposed subdivision shall have failed the aquifer test. In the event of a failed aquifer test, because a drawdown of five feet or more is noted in any existing adjacent property well or is projected at any property boundary, either the applicant should decrease the number of lots to lessen demand or demonstrate to the satisfaction of the Planning Board that the impacts will not significantly reduce yields to existing and future wells.

In order to provide the necessary data to evaluate the pump test results, the following conditions shall be met:

If the test well fails any part of the above test either by failing to maintain a pumping rate of five gpm for two hours or failing to recover at a rate of two gpm after pumping stopped, the well shall be considered unacceptable and the applicant shall either replace the well or deepen the well to intercept additional fractures or add additional well storage. After well replacement or deepening, the entire test procedure shall be repeated on the new or deepened well. If the new or deepened well fails the testing procedure, the lot may, at the discretion of the Planning Board, be classified as unacceptable for development.

Existing wells within 500 feet of the test well on adjacent lots shall be identified as observation wells for the test. The applicant shall notify the owners of adjacent lots which contain wells within 500 feet of the test well and such owners shall be given an opportunity to have their wells monitored following the same procedures set forth in §§ 102-65 through 102-66A(1) of this article. In the case where more than three existing wells are located within 500 feet of the well to be tested, only the three nearest accessible wells need to be monitored. However, if any of the property owners requesting monitoring have wells completed to a depth less than 100 feet, these wells must also be monitored in addition to the three nearest wells. If the wells are in use, they should, if possible, be allowed to stabilize before the pumping test begins. One water level measurement shall be collected from each well before the test. For any observation well which has been pumped within the 24 hours preceding the test, two depth-to-water measurements at least one-hour apart shall be collected.

If drawdown is measured or projected to be more than one foot at any existing adjacent property well or along the subdivision boundary, the applicant must notify the township and evaluate the impact on adjacent properties based on the actual condition of wells, the static water level and the depth of the pump in the existing well. The potential for adverse impacts needs to be evaluated by a hydrogeologist who will investigate the depth, yield and pumping level of the effected well.

If a drawdown of five feet or more is noted in any existing adjacent property well, or is projected at any property boundary, then the proposed subdivision shall have failed the aquifer test. In the event of a failed aquifer test, because a drawdown of five feet or more is noted in any existing adjacent property well or is projected at any property boundary, either the applicant should decrease the water-supply demand or demonstrate to the satisfaction of the Planning Board that the impacts will not significantly reduce yields to existing and future wells.

Demand shall be based on N.J.A.C. 7-10.12.6. If the demand exceeds 100,000 gallons per day, a New Jersey water allocation permit must be obtained from the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection. For demands less than 100,000 gallons per day, the length of the pumping test will equal the greater of the following: a) the volume of water removed from the aquifer is equal to the peak demand; or b) eight hours. The peak demand should be assumed to equal twice the average daily demand. The avenge daily demand shall be calculated from the projected maximum monthly usage. At a minimum, the pumping rate for the test should be equivalent to 120% of the expected long-term rate.

For nonresidential developments with an expected average daily demand less than 2,000 gallons per day, one observation well is required. This well should be within 200 feet of the pumping well. For developments with expected daily demands from 2,000 to 9,999 gallons per day, two observation wells are required. One of these observation wells must be within 200 feet of the pumping well. A second observation well must be within 200 and 500 feet of the pumping well. These two wells should be located along strike of the major water-bearing fractures intersected by the well. If a well(s) on one or more adjacent properties are located within the distance limits above, and these wells can be disconnected for a period of 24 hours prior to and during the entire pumping and recovery phase, these wells can be used for observation in lieu of installing new observation wells.

For all other nonresidential developments, three or more observation wells are required. Two of these wells should be located along strike of the major water-bearing fractures intersected by the well. Additional observation wells should be located to evaluate potential secondary fractures and impacts to adjacent properties. The number of observation wells should be in accordance with Table 3.

The observation wells and test well must have a geologic log describing the depth and types of soils and rocks encountered and the depth and approximate yields of water-bearing fracture zones. The observation wells should be completed to a similar depth as the test well.

The design of the aquifer test shall be developed using the applicable guidance from "Guidelines for Preparing Hydrogeologic Reports for Water Allocation Permit Application with an Appendix on Aquifer - Test Analysis Procedures" NJGS GSR 29, 1992. The aquifer test shall be conducted according to the following procedure:

A hydrogeologic report shall be provided with each nonresidential use subdivision application. The report shall document the design and implementation of the aquifer test. The report shall include all water-level data collected during the three phases of testing, the calculations of aquifer characteristics such as transmissivity and storage coefficient, calculations of the cone of influence, potential impacts to adjacent well owners and the long-term sustained yield for the wells. The report shall also evaluate and draw conclusions from the aquifer test based on data collected and evaluation of available information concerning geologic conditions. The report shall include a detailed hydrogeologic description of the aquifers encountered beneath the site and adjacent properties. The report must include a detailed evaluation of the water-supply demand for an average and peak day, and this demand should be supported with information on anticipated population, expected dwelling unit density and size of dwelling units. An inventory of all wells within 1,000 feet of the proposed subdivision boundaries should be appended. Figures depicting site geology, topography, water-level elevations and plans shall be included.

In addition, all water-quality sampling data including copies of the laboratory reports should be provided with the hydrogeologic report. Tables summarizing the analytical results should be included.

The report should include a detailed evaluation of potential impacts from subsurface sewage disposal systems on groundwater quality. A site plan depicting well, septic leach field and fracture trace locations at a minimum scale of one inch equals 200 feet should be included. For any and all locations where a fracture or set of fractures intersects the on-site water-supply well and/or septic leach field, a detailed assessment of treatment technologies should be included. The treatment technologies should provide adequate assurances that any and all groundwater pumped from the well will satisfy Federal and New Jersey Drinking Water Standards and will not be adversely impacted by the septic leach field discharges.

The hydrogeologic report shall be prepared and signed by a qualified hydrogeologist using applicable sections of GSR 29 as a guide. A qualified hydrogeologist shall be an individual who has received a minimum of a bachelor's degree in geology at an accredited institution or has completed an equivalent of 30 semester hours of geological education while obtaining a bachelor's or master's degree in a related field of engineering or science at an accredited institution. Such a person must also demonstrate five years of professional work experience in the practice of applying geologic principals to interpretation of groundwater conditions. The individual should provide a resume or curriculum vitae to document education and experience requirements.

The hydrogeologic report shall include the name and license number of the well driller and pump installer. The report should include the names of the persons and firm responsible for collecting the water-level measurements. In addition, the report should include copies of the completed NJDEP well records.

The aquifer test and analysis shall be deemed to have failed if such test cannot demonstrate to the satisfaction of the Planning Board that sufficient groundwater supply exists to supply water via wells at a rate meeting at least the average daily demand for the proposed development. If the drawdown is measured or projected to be more than one foot at any existing adjacent property well or along the subdivision boundary, the applicant's hydrogeologist must evaluate the impact on adjacent properties based on the actual condition of wells in that zone.

If a drawdown of five feet or more is noted in any existing adjacent property well, or is projected at any property boundary, then the proposed subdivision shall have failed the aquifer test. In the event of a failed aquifer test, because a drawdown of five feet or more is noted in any existing adjacent property well or is projected at any property boundary, either the applicant should decrease the average daily demand or demonstrate to the satisfaction of the Planning Board that the impacts will not significantly reduce yields to existing and future wells.