Certain land uses pose special problems that may have detrimental influences on surrounding land uses. The following performance standards for such unique land uses as provided for in this chapter shall be adhered to in additions to all other provisions of this title. (Ord. 2012-08, 10-9-2012, eff. 10-26-2012)

   A.   Each lot, tract, or parcel of property, considered a buildable residential parcel by this title, shall be allowed one accessory dwelling unit, once they receive an approved building permit. The following provisions shall apply:

      1.   The owner of the real property shall be the applicant.

      2.   The proposed location shall consist of a parcel with a minimum of two (2) acres unless otherwise approved by a conditional use permit.

      3.   The accessory use must meet setback requirements and all other provisions of this title.

      4.   The applicant must obtain approval for water and sanitary facilities from the health authority.

      5.   The residential portion must meet all the requirements of this title and the Building Code as per residential uses.

   B.   The accessory use structure may not be sold as a separate parcel.

   C.   The residential portion of the accessory use structure may not exceed fifty percent (50%) of the gross floor area unless otherwise approved by a conditional use permit.

   D.   In commercial or manufacturing zones, a caretaker's residence shall be allowed with the same provisions as above, excluding subsection C of this section; provided:

      1.   The employee housing or mobile home space where housing could be connected to services may not be used as a rental unit for a nonemployee caretaker.

      2.   The applicant shall provide employee verification for the occupant and a signed statement that the residence shall be removed when it is no longer utilized as employee housing.

   E.   Temporary construction housing may be permitted for remote commercial or industrial projects using the same provisions as subsection D of this section, but are limited to the duration of the project and use of RV or bunkhouse modular housing. (Ord. 2012-08, 10-9-2012, eff. 10-26-2012)

   A.   All bona fide farm, ranch, or dairy operations may have up to two (2) additional permitted dwellings on one parcel with a minimum of a five (5) acre parcel for full time employees. The following provisions shall apply:

      1.   The owner of the real property shall be the applicant.

      2.   The residential location shall be on an operating farm, ranch or dairy.

      3.   The residence must meet setback requirements and all other provisions of this title.

      4.   The applicant must obtain approval for water and sanitary facilities from the health authority.

      5.   The residence must meet all the requirements of this title pertaining to residential uses.

   B.   The farm dwelling may not be sold as a separate parcel.

   C.   The employee housing or mobile home space where housing could be connected to services may not be used as a rental unit for nonfarm labor. (Ord. 2012-08, 10-9-2012, eff. 10-26-2012)

   A.   A temporary dwelling to reside in during the construction or renovation of an existing or newly permitted primary dwelling is allowed, with an approved building permit, on any buildable residential lot, but must be removed within thirty (30) days of occupancy of the primary dwelling.

   B.   Each lot, tract, or parcel of property, considered a buildable parcel, shall be allowed one additional temporary dwelling for a medical hardship; a conditional use permit shall be required. The conditional use permit shall be based on the following provisions:

      1.   The owner of the real property shall be the applicant.

      2.   The proposed location shall consist of a parcel with a minimum of two (2) acres unless otherwise approved by the conditional use permit.

      3.   The temporary residence must meet setback requirements and all other provisions of this title.

   C.   Detached temporary dwelling units shall be located to the side or rear of a primary dwelling. No portion of the temporary dwelling unit shall be located in front of the primary dwelling unit.

   D.   At least one parking space shall be provided on site for the temporary dwelling unit in addition to the required parking for the existing residential unit.

   E.   The temporary residence must obtain approval for water and sanitary facilities from the health authority.

   F.   The application must include a current statement by a licensed physician attesting to the existing medical condition and need for assistance thereof.

   G.   The applicant must provide a statement that the temporary second dwelling will be removed upon termination of occupancy by either the dependent or care provider or is not in compliance with conditional use permit conditions.

   H.   In the event the property is sold or leased, the conditional use permit is not transferable to the new owner(s) of the property. (Ord. 2012-08, 10-9-2012, eff. 10-26-2012)

   A.   A conditional use permit shall be required for all adult entertainment facilities demonstrating compliance with the setback provisions of Idaho Code section 67-6533. The selling of sexually explicit material or obscene conduct is regulated by Idaho Code title 18, chapter 41.

   B.   The applicant shall provide evidence certified by a professional land surveyor licensed in the State of Idaho that the proposed adult entertainment establishment conforms to the separation requirements of this subsection.

   C.   All adult entertainment establishments shall comply with the sign regulations of section 10-7-31 of this chapter. Further, signs for adult entertainment establishments shall not contain any emphasis, either by movement, picture, or otherwise, on matter relating to adult entertainment as herein defined.

   D.   Any business providing adult entertainment or adult material shall have in place at each entrance to such business a legible door "sign" (as defined herein) stating: "Persons under 18 years of age not permitted". The sign shall be no less than 0.5 square feet in area. (Ord. 2012-08, 10-9-2012, eff. 10-26-2012)

   A.   The drinking establishment shall not be located within three hundred feet (300') of a property used for a church or education service. Nor shall the drinking establishment be located within one thousand feet (1,000') of an adult entertainment establishment.

   B.   For properties within one thousand feet (1,000') of a residential zone, no outside activity or event shall be allowed on the site. (Ord. 2012-08, 10-9-2012, eff. 10-26-2012)

   A.   All structures or outdoor recreation areas shall maintain a minimum setback of one hundred feet (100') from any abutting residential zones. The playing areas of golf courses, including golf tees, fairways and greens are an exception to this standard.

   B.   Any outdoor event or activity center located adjacent to a residential zone shall be limited to outside use only between the hours of seven o'clock (7:00) A.M. and eleven o'clock (11:00) P.M.

   C.   Accessory uses include, but are not limited to: retail, equipment rental; restaurant and drinking establishments may be allowed if designed to serve patrons of the use only.

   D.   All outdoor public address systems shall be located a minimum five hundred feet (500') from any residential or residential/agriculture zone.

   E.   Additional standards for swimming pool: Any outdoor swimming pool shall be completely enclosed within a six foot (6') nonscalable fence that meets the requirements of the Building Code.

   F.   Additional standards for outdoor stage or musical venue: Any use with a capacity of one hundred (100) seats or more and within one thousand feet (1,000') of a residential zone shall be subject to approval of a conditional use permit. This applies to one time and seasonal events also.

   G.   Amusement facilities shall have adequate parking as per chapter 6 of this title.

   H.   Amusement facilities shall have Health Department approval for sanitary and washing provisions to meet all the needs of anticipated attendees.

   I.   Seasonal or one time events or concession stands not exceeding ten (10) calendar days per event, or forty five (45) calendar days (within 1 year) of intermittent use do not require a conditional use permit when they comply with all above requirements. (Ord. 2012-08, 10-9-2012, eff. 10-26-2012)

Facilities for storage of hazardous or flammable substances for resale shall be erected subject to the following:

   A.   The facility for aboveground tanks shall be enclosed by an eight foot (8') high security fence or wall with the entrance and exit through a gate that shall be locked during nonbusiness hours.

   B.   When adjacent to a residential zone, all structures or outdoor activity areas shall be located a minimum of three hundred feet (300') from any property line and all tanks shall be located a minimum of one thousand feet (1,000') from a property line adjacent to a residential zone.

   C.   The applicant must furnish written documentation showing a review from the appropriate fire district and/or DEQ; listing any conditions placed upon the use and how they will comply with those conditions.

   D.   Approved loading and unloading spaces and off street parking facilities will be required as listed in this title.

   E.   Construction will meet the criteria of the current Building Code as adopted by Bingham County.

   F.   This section does not apply to retail service stations or convenience stores that also dispense propane unless they are in a residential zone. (Ord. 2012-08, 10-9-2012, eff. 10-26-2012)

   A.   General Standards: Idaho Code sections 39-1109 and 39-1110 and IDAPA will be used to determine the type of care facility.

      1.   In determining the type of daycare facility, the total number of clients cared for during a twenty four (24) hour period at the facility shall be used.

      2.   On site vehicle pick up, parking and/or turnaround areas shall be provided to ensure safe discharge and pick up of clients.

      3.   The applicant or owner shall secure and maintain a basic daycare license from the State of Idaho Department of Health and Welfare, Family, and Children's Services Division and all required license(s) from the local, State, and/or Federal agencies.

      4.   The applicant shall not exceed the maximum number of clients as stated in the approved permit or as stated in this title, whichever is more restrictive.

      5.   In residential zones, no structural alterations to a residential building are allowed which result in changing the exterior residential character of the building.

   B.   Babysitting: The occasional care of a neighbor, relative or a friend's child or children by a person as defined by Idaho Code section 39-1103(1). Babysitting does not need licensing in Bingham County and is not regulated by this title. (Ord. 2012-08, 10-9-2012, eff. 10-26-2012)

   C.   Child Daycare Facility: The care, control, supervision or maintenance of children for twenty four (24) hours a day which is provided as an alternative to parental care (IDAPA 16.06.02.010).

      1.   Family Home Care: A home or place providing care for one to three (3) children. No licensing necessary and is not regulated by this title.

      2.   Family Daycare Center 1 : A home, place, or facility providing daycare for four (4) to six (6) children during part of a twenty four (24) hour day (IDAPA 16.06.02.010).

      3.   Group Daycare Home: A home, place, facility providing daycare for seven (7) to twelve (12) children (IDAPA 16.06.02.010).

      4.   Daycare Center: A place or facility providing daycare for compensation for thirteen (13) or more children (IDAPA 16.06.02.17).

   D.   Adult Daycare: Adult daycare is a supervised, structured day program, outside the home of the participant that may offer one or more of a variety of social, recreational, health activities, supervision for safety, and assistance with activities of daily living (IDAPA 16.05.06).

      1.   Certified Family Home 2 : A family styled living environment in which two (2) or fewer adults live who are not able to reside in their own home and who require care, help in daily living, protection and security, supervision, personal assistance and encouragement toward independence.

      2.   Assisted Living Care Facility/Residential Care: A facility or residence, however named, operated on either a profit or nonprofit basis for the purpose of providing necessary supervision, personal assistance, meals, and lodging to three (3) or more adults not related to the owner (IDAPA 16.03.22). (Ord. 2012-08, 10-9-2012, eff. 10-26-2012; amd. 2018 Code)

   E.   Group Residence:

      1.   A place or facility that provides care and supervision for compensation for eight (8) or fewer unrelated mentally and/or physically handicapped or elderly persons that reside and who are supervised at the group residence in connection with their handicap or age related infirmity as per Idaho Code section 67-6531.

      2.   Resident staff, if employed, need not be related to each other or to any of the mentally and/or physically handicapped or elderly persons residing in the group residence as per Idaho Code section 67-6531.

      3.   The Department of Health and Welfare may require group residences, as defined in Idaho Code section 67-6531, to be licensed and set minimum standards for providing services or operation. Such licensure may be under the residential or assisted living facility rules specifically written by the State for such group residences. No conditional use permit shall be required unless it is also required for single-family dwellings as per Idaho Code section 67-6532.

   F.   Hospital: A medical institution licensed by the State that is devoted to the maintenance and operation of facilities for the medical or surgical care of patients twenty four (24) hours a day, including air transport facilities. The term hospital does not include health care and social services, nursing and residential care facility, or establishments that forcibly confine patients.

      1.   No hospital shall be located within one thousand feet (1,000') of the following uses: explosive manufacturing or storage; adult entertainment establishments; flammable substance storage; foundry; freight and truck terminal; manufacture or processing of hazardous chemicals; power plant; food product storage or processing plant.

      2.   If the hospital provides emergency care, the location shall have direct access on an arterial street.

      3.   Accessory retail uses including, but not limited to, retail shops, food or beverage service, and personal service shops, may be allowed if designed to serve patrons of the hospital and their visitors only. (Ord. 2012-08, 10-9-2012, eff. 10-26-2012)

   G.   Nursing/Convalescent Home:

      1.   A facility designed to provide area, space, and equipment to meet the health needs of two (2) or more individuals who, at a minimum, require inpatient care and services for twenty four (24) or more consecutive hours for unstable chronic health problems requiring daily professional nursing supervision and licensed nursing care on a twenty four (24) hour basis, restorative rehabilitative care and assistance in meeting daily living needs. Medical supervision is necessary on a regular, but not daily, basis as per Idaho Code title 54, chapter 16 (IDAPA 16.03.02.002). (Ord. 2012-08, 10-9-2012, eff. 10-26-2012; amd. 2018 Code)

      2.   Additional standards for uses providing care to patients who suffer from Alzheimer's disease, dementia or other similar disability that may cause disorientation: A barrier with a minimum height of six feet (6'), along the perimeter of any portion of the site that is accessible to these patients shall be provided. The fencing material shall meet the swimming pool fence requirements of the Building Code. (Ord. 2012-08, 10-9-2012, eff. 10-26-2012)

   A.   Establishment: To establish an orderly procedure to regulate the placement, construction or expansion of a confined animal feeding operation (CAFO) within Bingham County. Bingham County does not have the resources or authority to enforce State or Federal environmental laws. However, it is the intent of the Board to require all CAFOs operating in Bingham County to obtain and be in compliance with all applicable Federal and State Environmental Standards, to be sited within approved zones, and to meet certain development standards. The Board also feels that it is appropriate to take advantage of all resources and assistance available from other government agencies in making CAFO permit decisions.

   B.   Compliance The specific provisions of this section control when other portions of this title are inconsistent with provisions of this section. Any action taken by Bingham County pursuant to this section does not ensure that the applicant is in compliance with any other provisions of applicable State, Federal or local laws, rules, and/or regulations.

   C.   General Requirements: CAFOs are subject to the following requirements:

      1.   A conditional use permit is required for all new CAFOs or the expansion of an existing CAFO that constitutes a significant change.

      2.   Zones allowing CAFOs are listed on the land use chart in this title.

      3.   A CAFO shall comply with and not be in violation of any Federal, State or other local laws, regulations, or guidelines.

      4.   Odor management and pest control shall meet and utilize the most current Idaho Department of Agriculture Best Management Practices.

      5.   Other applicable DEQ or EPA regulations.

   D.   Required Setbacks For New CAFO Or Expansion Of Existing CAFO:

 

   Note:

      1.   New residences not associated with the CAFO shall meet the 1,000 foot setback or provide a recorded acknowledgement of potential CAFO nuisance conflicts.

(Ord. 2012-08, 10-9-2012, eff. 10-26-2012)

Graves and monuments shall not be located within fifteen feet (15') of any external property line. (Ord. 2012-08, 10-9-2012, eff. 10-26-2012)

Storage of chemicals, pesticides and fertilizers for wholesale, resale or as part of a manufacturing facility shall be subject to the following:

   A.   The applicant must furnish evidence that the facility will comply with DEQ or other regulatory agencies.

   B.   A buffer may be required within the required setback from property line.

   C.   Approved loading and unloading spaces and off street parking facilities will be required.

   D.   A secondary retaining area will be required. The secondary retaining area shall be large enough to hold up to the amount of the largest tank located in the retaining area.

   E.   Setbacks for structures are to be from the secondary containment area.

   F.   There shall be no uncontained outdoor storage of chemicals and/or fertilizers.

   G.   Construction of all facilities shall meet the criteria listed in the approved County Building Code. (Ord. 2012-08, 10-9-2012, eff. 10-26-2012)

   A.   All structures or outdoor storage areas shall be located a minimum of one hundred feet (100') from any residential zone.

   B.   Outdoor storage areas shall comply with the following requirements:

      1.   All outdoor storage of material or equipment shall be maintained in an orderly manner screened by a view obscuring fence. Stored items shall not block sidewalks or parking areas and may not impede vehicular or pedestrian traffic.

      2.   Outdoor storage shall be incorporated into the overall design of buildings and landscaping so that the visual and acoustic impacts of these functions are fully contained and out of view from adjacent properties and public streets.

   C.   The site shall not be used as a junkyard, vehicle wrecking yard, storage of junk, wrecked cars or parts, or used for salvaged material as herein defined.

   D.   All material stored within the yard must be pertinent to the type of contracting business.

   E.   Any repair of equipment will be limited to that of the permitted use. (Ord. 2012-08, 10-9-2012, eff. 10-26-2012)

All repair activities (including, but not limited to, open pits and lifts) shall occur within an enclosed structure. All sales and equipment storage areas must be screened on all sides and back by a six foot (6') sight obscuring fence unless otherwise approved by a conditional use permit as per chapter 8 of this title. (Ord. 2012-08, 10-9-2012, eff. 10-26-2012)

   A.   The following regulation shall apply in R and R/A Zones that allow animals other than household pets:

      1.   Minimum lot size must be one acre to have animals other than household pets. Area requirements specified are inclusive of land used for other purposes such as dwellings, accessory buildings, gardens, driveways, etc.

      2.   An accumulative total of three (3) animal units are allowed per acre.

      3.   Animals other than household pets are only allowed on residential lots of less than one acre by approved conditional use permit.

   B.   A and A/NR Zones shall not be regulated in the number of animals per acre unless a CAFO or feedlot is created.

   C.   C and M Zones, not in conjunction with a bona fide agriculture operation shall be determined by conditional use permit as per chapter 8 of this title.

   D.   For animals not listed, the Administrator shall determine the number of animals allowed based on the area requirements of the closest related animal. Such determinations may be appealed as per section 10-10-1 of this title. An approved conditional use permit may allow additional animals.

   E.   All animal units (AU) shall be based on the following unit equivalents:

 

   Note:

       1.   The number per acre column is only for convenience and does not include the aggregate total of other animal groups on the same parcel.

(Ord. 2012-08, 10-9-2012, eff. 10-26-2012)

   A.   Corrals or holding area for the impoundment of livestock for market or production not incident to farm or ranch livestock operation of CAFO.

   B.   Any parcel of land containing twenty (20) acres or less having greater than five (5) animal units per acre, or any parcel of land containing twenty (20) acres or more having a minimum of one hundred (100) animal units in a corral for more than one hundred eighty (180) days or more in any twelve (12) month period.

   C.   Must be located at least one-fourth (1/4) mile or greater distance from any residential zone or incorporated city unless this distance is specifically reduced as part of the conditional use permit. Excluding any feeding operation controlled under Idaho Department of Agriculture. (Ord. 2012-08, 10-9-2012, eff. 10-26-2012)

   A.   All structures, loading areas, outdoor activity areas, exclusive of parking shall be located a minimum of three hundred feet (300') from any abutting residential zones.

   B.   Food processing shall be located a minimum of one thousand feet (1,000') from any hospital.

   C.   The application materials shall include written documentation that the proposed facility meets any applicable Federal, State, or local standards regarding such use including, but not limited to, those of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Idaho Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ), Idaho Department of Agriculture, Idaho Department of Water Resources, and Central District Health Department, as applicable. (Ord. 2012-08, 10-9-2012, eff. 10-26-2012)

   A.   General standards:

      1.   When allowed as an accessory use, gasoline or diesel fuel sales facilities shall not occupy more than twenty five percent (25%) of the subject property.

      2.   Vehicle stacking lanes shall be available on the property but outside the fueling areas. Stacking lanes shall have sufficient capacity to prevent obstruction of the public right-of-way by patrons. Such stacking lanes shall be separate from areas required for access and parking.

   B.   Additional standards for fuel sales facility, truck stop:

      1.   The use shall be located on a State highway (arterial) or near an I-15 interstate interchange.

      2.   The use shall be located a minimum of three hundred feet (300') from any residential zone and a minimum of one thousand feet (1,000') from any hospital. (Ord. 2012-08, 10-9-2012, eff. 10-26-2012)

   A.   Pits and excavation shall be maintained, so that they are free from debris and waste material and the bank shall have a slope of not more than thirty five degrees (35°) except during active removal.

   B.   A buffer zone of not less than one hundred feet (100') shall be maintained during the operation of the site. Trees and other types of noise and dust reduction may be required to be placed in the buffer area if the site is adjacent to a residential use, prior to obtaining any permit.

   C.   A reclamation plan, approved by the appropriate State agency, shall be on file with the Planning and Zoning Department in advance of issuing a zoning permit. Due consideration shall be given to what is suitable and compatible with the surrounding area.

      1.   Result in the smallest amount of bare ground exposed for the shortest time feasible.

      2.   Restore topsoil or loam to a depth of not less than four inches (4").

      3.   Revegetate/plant with native plants.

   D.   Upon depletion of the area, all temporary buildings and structures, except property line fences and structures for loading, measuring, or weighing salable materials in storage, shall be entirely removed from the property.

   E.   Crushing of materials shall be conducted within the pit and shall be subject to conditions placed on dust, noise, and hours of operation as determined by the commission and/or any other State or Federal agency.

   F.   Development agreements, bonding, or other monetary measures may be required to guarantee rehabilitation of the site.

   G.   Filling, grading, lagooning, dredging or other earth moving activities shall:

      1.   Provide temporary groundcover such as mulch, except during active removal.

      2.   Use diversions, silting, basins, terraces and other methods to trap sediment.

   A.   Documentation: The applicant shall provide the following documentation with the request for approval of a wireless communication facility:

      1.   Documentation from a qualified and licensed engineer showing that the proposed facility will be in compliance with the FCC Standards Regarding Radio Frequency (RF) Emissions.

      2.   A report from a qualified and licensed structural engineer that describes the tower height and design. The report shall include the following: a cross section of the tower, elevations that document the height above grade for all potential mounting positions for collocated antennas, and the minimum separation distances between antennas. The report must also include a description of the tower's capacity regarding the number and type of antennas that it can accommodate and what precautions the applicant will take to avoid interference with established public safety telecommunications. This report must be stamped by the structural engineer and include other information necessary to evaluate the request.

      3.   A statement regarding compliance with regulations administered and enforced by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA).

      4.   Propagation charts showing existing and proposed transmission coverage at the subject site and within an area large enough to provide an understanding of why the facility needs to be in the chosen location.

      5.   A written analysis demonstrating that the proposed site is the most appropriate site within the immediate area. The analysis shall include, but is not limited to, the following:

         a.   Description of the surrounding area, including topography.

         b.   Natural and manmade impediments, if any, that would obstruct adequate wireless telephone transmissions.

      c.   Physical site constraints, if any, that would preclude construction of a wireless communications facility on any other site.

      d.   Technical limitations of the system that limit siting options.

      e.   Statement indicating minimal interference with existing farming operations.

   B.   Design Standards: All new communications towers shall meet the following minimum design standards:

      1.   Towers and antennas shall be required to blend into the surrounding environment by paint or other camouflaging architectural treatment, except in instances where the color is dictated by Federal or State authorities such as the Federal Aviation Administration. All metal shall be corrosive resistant or treated to prevent corrosion.

      2.   No part of any antenna, disk, array or other such item attached to a communications tower shall be permitted to overhang any part of the right-of-way or property line.

      3.   The base of all towers shall be surrounded by an eight foot (8') chain link security fence.

      4.   All climbing pegs within the bottom twenty feet (20') of the tower shall be removed except when the tower is being serviced.

      5.   All lighting on the tower, other than may be required by the FAA, shall be prohibited.

      6.   No signs or banners shall be attached to any portion of a wireless communications tower.

   C.   Setback Standards:

      1.   In addition to the setbacks found in sections 10-6-3 and 10-6-5 of this title, additional setback requirements shall be one fall height plus thirty feet (30'), from adjoining property lines and County road rights-of-way unless certified by an Idaho licensed engineer that the design will collapse upon itself or be designed to fall within a specific radius.

      2.   Only the accessory equipment building shall be permitted to be located within the fall zone.

   D.   Collocation Standards: A proposal for a new commercial communications tower should not be approved unless the decision making body finds that the telecommunications equipment planned for the proposed tower cannot be accommodated on an existing or approved tower.

   E.   Tower Designed For Additional Users: All proposed communications towers shall be designed (structurally, electrically, and in all respects) to accommodate both the applicant's antennas and comparable antennas for at least two (2) additional users if the tower is over one hundred ten feet (110') in height and for at least one additional user if the tower is over fifty feet (50') in height.

   F.   Abandoned Or Unused Towers Or Portions Of Towers: All abandoned or unused towers and associated facilities shall be required to be removed within one hundred eighty (180) days of cessation of use as a wireless communication facility, unless a time extension is granted by the commission. A copy of the relevant portions of a signed lease, which requires the applicant to remove the tower and associated facilities upon cessation of the use as a wireless communication facility, shall be submitted at the time of application.

   G.   Height Allowance; Conditional Use Permit; Notice: In accordance with Idaho Code section 67-6512, the Planning and Zoning Administrator shall notify property owners where a conditional use permit is requested by reason of height allowance that notice shall be provided individually by mail to property owners or purchasers of record within no less than three (3) times the distance of the height of the allowed height of a structure when more than one hundred feet (100') and within no less than one mile when the peak height of a structure in an unincorporated area is four hundred feet (400') or more and, when four hundred feet (400') or more, the structure's proposed location and height shall be stated in the notice.