Brookfield Town City Zoning Code
§ 17.06
Traffic, loading, parking and access.
[Amended 12-7-2021 by Ord. No. 2021-004; 7-18-2023 by Ord. No. 2023-06]
(1)
Traffic visibility.
(a)
No obstructions, such as structures, parking, or vegetation, shall be permitted in any district between the heights of 2 1/2 feet and 10 feet above the plane through the mean center line grade of the vision triangle. The vision triangle is formed by connecting a line between points located 30 feet from the intersection of two streets along the right-of-way line.
(b)
In the case of arterial streets intersecting with other intersecting streets or railways, the corner cutoff distances establishing the vision triangle clearance space shall be increased to 60 feet.
(c)
In the case of driveways intersecting with other intersecting streets, the corner cutoff distances establishing the vision triangle clearance space shall be a minimum of 15 feet.
(2)
Loading requirements. On every lot on which a business, trade or industrial use is hereafter established, adequate space with access to a public street or alley shall be provided for the loading and unloading of vehicles off the public right-of-way. At no time shall any part of a truck or van be allowed to extend into the right-of-way of a public thoroughfare while the truck or van is being loaded or unloaded.
(3)
Parking requirements. In all districts, in connection with every use, there shall be provided at the time any use is erected, enlarged, extended or increased, off-street parking stalls for all vehicles in accordance with the following:
(a)
Adequate access to a public street shall be provided for each parking space.
(b)
The minimum dimensions of each parking space shall be nine feet by 18 feet, except for properly signed spaces provided for use by physically disabled persons.
(c)
Parking spaces for use by physically disabled persons. All open off-street parking areas provided for more than 25 parking spaces, except for parking areas restricted to use by employees only, shall provide properly signed parking spaces for use by motor vehicles which transport physically disabled persons in accordance with the following minimum standards:
1.
One properly signed physically disabled parking space shall be provided in parking areas containing 26 to 49 spaces.
2.
Two percent of the total number of spaces shall be properly signed physically disabled parking spaces in parking areas containing 50 to 1,000 spaces.
3.
In addition to the number of spaces required in Subsection (3)(c)2 above, 1% of each 1,000 spaces over the first 1,000 spaces shall be provided for properly signed physically disabled parking spaces in parking areas containing more than 1,000 spaces.
4.
The minimum dimensions for all parking spaces provided for use by physically disabled persons shall be 12 feet by 18 feet.
5.
Parking spaces provided for use by physically disabled persons shall be located as close as possible to an entrance which allows persons to enter and leave the parking area without assistance.
6.
All parking spaces provided for physically disabled persons shall be marked by a sign which includes the international symbol for barrier-free environments and a statement informing the public that the parking space is reserved for physically disabled persons. Such sign shall comply with the requirements of §§ 346.50, 346.503, and 346.505, Wis. Stats.
(d)
Location. Location of parking spaces shall be on the same lot as the principal use or not more than 400 feet from the principal use. No parking space or driveway, except in residential districts, shall be closer than 25 feet to a residential lot line or a street right-of-way opposite a residential district.
(e)
Surfacing. All off-street parking areas shall be surfaced with an asphaltic or portland cement pavement in accordance with Town standards and specifications so as to provide a durable and dust-free surface and shall be so graded and drained as to dispose of all surface water. Any parking area for more than five vehicles shall have the aisles and spaces clearly marked. Surfacing of parking areas shall be completed before occupancy is granted. The Plan Commission may, however, recommend a delay in surfacing if surfacing will be completed within 12 months following occupancy. When a delay is permitted, the Town Board shall require appropriate sureties to guarantee that surfacing will be completed on in a manner designed to minimize flooding and other adverse impacts upon the natural functions of the conservancy area.
(f)
Landscaping. All public off-street parking areas serving five or more vehicles and created or redesigned and rebuilt subsequent to adoption of this chapter shall be provided with accessory landscaped areas totaling not less than 5% of the surface area. The minimum size of each landscaped area shall be 100 square feet. Location of landscaped areas, plant materials, protection afforded the plantings, including curbing and provision for maintenance, shall be subject to approval by the Plan Commission. All plans for proposed parking areas shall include a topographic survey and grading plan showing existing and proposed grades and location of improvements. The preservation of existing trees, shrubs, and other natural vegetation in the parking area may be included in the calculation of required minimum landscaped area. Parking areas for five or more vehicles which adjoin residential districts shall be visually screened with a solid wall, fence or evergreen planting of equivalent visual density or other effective means, built and maintained to a minimum height of six feet.
(g)
Curbs or barriers shall be installed at least four feet from a property line so as to prevent parked vehicles from extending over any lot line.
(h)
The following guide specifies the minimum number of parking spaces required. In the case of structures or uses not specified herein, the number of spaces specified as the general standard for the use class or number of spaces specified for similar use shall apply. In developments involving the establishment or addition of two or more uses on one lot or parcel, the cumulative number of spaces required for each use shall determine the total number of spaces required.
2.
Retail sales and customer service uses and places of entertainment.
a.
General standard for the above uses: one space per 150 square feet of gross floor area of customer sales and service, plus one space per employee.
b.
Financial institutions: one space for each 150 square feet of gross floor area of customer service, plus one space per employee for the work shift with the largest number of employees. Financial institutions with drive-in facilities shall provide sufficient space for four waiting vehicles at each drive-in service lane.
c.
Funeral homes: one space for each four patrons at maximum capacity or 25 spaces per chapel unit, whichever is greater.
d.
Grocery stores or supermarkets: one space per 150 square feet of gross floor area of customer sales and service area, plus one space per employee for the work shift with the largest number of employees.
e.
Convenience grocery stores: one space per 100 square feet of gross floor area.
f.
Motels and hotels: one space per room or suite, plus one space per every two employees for the work shift with the largest number of employees, plus one space per three persons, based on maximum capacity, for each public meeting room and banquet room.
g.
Lodges and clubs: one space per three persons based on the maximum capacity of the facility.
h.
Restaurants: one space per 100 square feet of gross dining area, plus one space per employee for the work shift with the largest number of employees.
i.
Restaurants, drive-through or fast-food: one space per 50 square feet of gross dining area, plus one space per two employees for the work shift with the largest number of employees. Restaurants with drive-through facilities shall provide sufficient space for four waiting vehicles at each drive-through service lane.
j.
General merchandise repair services: one space per 300 square feet of gross floor area, plus one space per employee for the work shift with the largest number of employees.
k.
Theaters, auditoriums, and other places of public assembly: one space per three patrons based on the maximum capacity of the facility.
l.
Personal services: one space per 200 square feet of gross floor area, plus one space per employee for the work shift with the largest number of employees.
m.
Taverns, dance halls, night clubs and lounges: one space per 50 square feet of gross floor area, plus one space per employee for the work shift with the largest number of employees.
n.
Motor vehicle sales establishments: two-customer parking spaces per salesperson, plus one space per employee for the work shift with the largest number of employees.
o.
Motor vehicle repair, maintenance, and service stations: three spaces per indoor service bay plus one space per employee for the work shift with the largest number of employees.
p.
Animal hospitals: three patron parking spaces per doctor, plus one space per employee for the work shift with the largest number of employees.
q.
Plant nurseries and lawn and garden supply stores: one space per 200 square feet of gross indoor sales and display area, plus one space per 500 square feet of gross outdoor sales and display area, plus one space per employee for the work shift with the largest number of employees.
r.
Shopping centers (gross leasable area of at least 50,000 square feet): five spaces per 1,000 square feet of gross leasable area.
4.
Commercial/recreational uses.
a.
General standard: one space per four patrons based on the maximum capacity of the facility, plus one space per employee for the work shift with the largest number of employees.
b.
Bowling alleys: five spaces for each lane, plus one space per employee for the work shift with the largest number of employees.
c.
Golf courses: 90 spaces per nine holes, plus one space per employee for the work shift with the largest number of employees.
d.
Golf driving ranges: one space per tee, plus one space per employee for the work shift with the largest number of employees.
e.
Miniature golf course: 1 1/2 spaces per hole, plus one space per employee for the work shift with the largest number of employees.
f.
Indoor tennis, racquetball, and handball courts: three spaces per court, plus one space per employee for the work shift with the largest number of employees.
g.
Skating rinks, ice, or roller: one space per 200 square feet of gross floor area.
5.
Industrial and related uses.
a.
Manufacturing, processing, and fabrication operations: one space per employee for the work shift with the largest number of employees.
b.
Wholesale business: one space per employee for the work shift with the largest number of employees, plus one space per 2,500 square feet of gross floor area.
c.
Warehousing: one space per employee for the work shift with the largest number of employees, plus one space per 5,000 square feet of gross floor area.
d.
Mini-warehousing: one space per 10 storage cubicles, plus one space per employee for the work shift with the largest number of employees.
e.
Extractive and related operations: one space per employee for the work shift with the largest number of employees.
6.
Institutional and related uses.
a.
Churches: one space per three seats based on the maximum capacity of the facility.
b.
Libraries: one space per 250 square feet of gross floor area or one space per four seats based on maximum capacity, whichever is greater, plus one space per employee for the work shift with the greatest number of employees.
c.
Museums: one space per 250 square feet of gross floor area, plus one space per employee for the work shift with the greatest number of employees.
d.
Rooming houses and boardinghouses, fraternity and sorority houses, dormitories, and rectories: one space per bed.
e.
Convents and monasteries: one space per three residents, plus one space per employee for the work shift with the largest number of employees, plus one space per five chapel seats if the public may attend.
f.
Nursing homes: one space per three patient beds, plus one space per employee for the work shift with the largest number of employees.
g.
Hospitals: two spaces per three patient beds, plus one space per staff doctor, plus one space per employee, excluding doctors, for the work shift with the largest number of employees.
h.
Schools:
i.
Elementary, middle and high schools: one space for each teacher and staff member, plus one space for each 10 students 16 years of age or older.
ii.
Colleges, universities, and trade schools: one space for each teacher and staff member, plus one space for each two students during the highest attendance period.
iii.
Children's nursery schools and commercial daycare centers: one space per employee for the work shift with the greatest number of employees, plus one space per six students at the highest class attendance period.
(4)
Driveways. All driveways installed, altered, changed, replaced, or extended after the effective date of this chapter shall be designed in accordance with Chapter 8, Public Works, of this Code.
(5)
Highway access. No direct private access shall be permitted to the existing or proposed rights-of-way of expressways nor to any controlled access arterial street without permission from the highway agency that has access control jurisdiction. No direct public or private access shall be permitted to the existing or proposed rights-of-way of the following:
(a)
Arterial streets intersecting other arterial streets within 100 feet of the intersection of the right-of-way lines.
(b)
Collector and minor land access streets intersecting an arterial street or another minor land access street within 50 feet of the intersection of the right-of-way lines.
(c)
Access barriers, such as curbing, fencing, ditching, landscaping or other topographic barriers, shall be erected to prevent unauthorized vehicular ingress or egress to the above-specified streets or highways.
(d)
Temporary access to the above rights-of-way may be granted by the Town Board after review and recommendation by the highway agencies having jurisdiction. Such access permit shall be temporary, revocable and subject to any conditions required and shall be issued for a period not to exceed 12 months.
(e)
Landscape islands. All off-street parking areas which serve 30 vehicles or more and are created or redesigned and rebuilt subsequent to the adoption of this chapter shall be provided with landscape islands or peninsulas within the parking lot totaling not less than 5% of the surfaced area. The minimum size of each landscape island shall be 170 square feet. Landscape islands and peninsulas shall consist of landscape areas, type and size of plant materials, protection afforded the plantings, including curbing and provision for maintenance shall be subject to approval by the Plan Commission. Landscape islands shall be dispersed throughout the off-street parking area. Islands and peninsulas should be located at the ends of parking rows and aisles; around light poles; signs; existing trees; hydrants; and along entryways. Landscape islands and peninsulas should also be used to break up long aisles of parking. Any island or peninsula that is less than 170 square feet in area shall not be counted towards the 5% required landscaping. All plans for such proposed parking areas shall include a topographic survey of grading plan which shows existing and proposed grades and location of improvements. The preservation of existing trees, shrubs, and other natural vegetation in the parking area may be included in the calculation of the required minimum landscape area.
(f)
Parking lot screening. Those parking areas for five or more vehicles if adjoining a residential zoning district line or public right-of-way shall be screened from casual view by an earth berm, a solid wall, fence, evergreen planting of equivalent visual density or other effective means approved by the Plan Commission. Such fence or berm and landscaping together shall be an average of three feet in height between the parking and the street right-of-way and six feet in height between the parking and any adjacent residential property line. All screening materials shall be placed and maintained at a minimum height of three feet. The Plan Commission may require greater screening requirements for parking of large trucks, semi-trailers, and large equipment.