Caln Township City Zoning Code

Any inoperable vehicle lacking a currently effective state license or inspection sticker.

The state of being side by side, next to or adjacent to one another.

An improved cartway or paved service road designed to provide vehicular access from a public or private road.

A clearly defined point of ingress and egress for vehicles at the street line.

A building or structure subordinate to the principal building or structure on a lot.

A subordinate use of a portion of a lot or building which is customarily incidental to the main or principal use of land or of a building on a lot.

43,560 square feet.

The Pennsylvania Municipalities Planning Code, as amended and codified in 53 P.S., § 10101.

The planned reuse, division and/or redevelopment of existing buildings, structures and land areas.

The state of being side by side, next to or adjoining one another; abutting.

An establishment primarily engaged in overall management and supervisory functions, such as executive, personnel, finance, legal and sales activities, typically performed in a single location or building for other branches or divisions of the same company.

The average number of vehicles that pass over a given point per day.

Any adult arcades, adult bookstore, adult cabaret, adult theater, adult mini motion-picture theater, adult novelty stores, adult video stores, escort agencies, nude model studios, sexual encounter centers, nontherapeutic massage parlor or other similar adult business uses or adult entertainment uses, whereas, under the provisions of the Caln Township Code and the State Obscenity Code, as amended, must exclude minors or may not knowingly disseminate to minors. The following sub definitions shall also apply to adult business uses or adult entertainment uses:

(See DAY-CARE CENTER).

An enterprise that is actively engaged in the commercial production and preparation for market of crops, livestock and livestock products and in the production, harvesting and preparation for market or use of agricultural, agronomic, horticultural, silvicultural and aquacultural crops and commodities. The term includes an enterprise that implements changes in production practices and procedures or types of crops, livestock, livestock products or commodities produced consistent with practices and procedures that are normally engaged by farmers or are consistent with technological development within the agricultural industry.

The cultivation of the soil and the raising and harvesting of the products of the soil, including but not limited to nursery, horticulture, forestry and animal husbandry. This chapter of the Code outlines the limitations for general agricultural activities. These limitations shall not disrupt any of the rights and privileges established under the Agricultural Communities and Rural Environmental Law or the Pennsylvania Agricultural Security Act, as amended.

Specialized agricultural activities, including but not limited to mushroom, egg and poultry production, and dry lot livestock production, which due to the intensity of production or raw material storage needs, necessitate special control of operation, raw material storage and processing, and disposal of liquid and solid wastes. Intensive agricultural activities shall also include general agricultural activities exceeding the standards and specifications outlined under this chapter. This chapter also outlines the limitations for intensive agricultural activities. These limitations shall not disrupt any of the rights and privileges established under the Agricultural Communities and Rural Environmental Law and Pennsylvania Agricultural Security Act, as amended.

Soils which have been formed in alluvium and deposited by past stream or flooding conditions.

Soil material such as sand, silt or clay that has been deposited on land by past stream or flooding conditions.

Any change or rearrangement in the structural parts or in the existing facilities of a building or structure, such as bearing walls, columns, beams, girders, joists, rafters, headers or enclosed walls, or any enlargement or modification thereof, whether by extension on any side or by an increase in height, or the moving of such building from one location or position to another, or any other change of use of a building or a lot.

A professional veterinary establishment used for the diagnosis, care and treatment of ailing or injured animals, which may include overnight accommodations. The overnight boarding of healthy animals shall be considered a kennel.

The raising and keeping of livestock and poultry for any commercial purpose. The keeping of livestock and poultry as domestic pets as defined within the Caln Township Code shall not be considered animal husbandry.

Farm animals or livestock equaling 1,000 pounds per animal unit.

A sign depicting action, motion or light or color changes through electrical of mechanical means.

Any system of wires, rods, discs, panels, flat panels, dishes, whips, or other similar devices used for the transmission or reception of wireless signals. An antenna may include an omnidirectional antenna (rod), directional antenna (panel), parabolic antenna (disc), microwave antenna, whip antenna or any other wireless antenna. An antenna shall not include tower-based wireless communications facilities defined herein.

The vertical distance measured from the base of the antenna support structure at grade to the highest point of the structure. If the support structure is on a sloped grade, then the average between the highest and lowest grades shall be used in calculating the antenna height.

Any pole, telescoping mast, tower, tripod or any other structure which supports a device used in the transmitting or receiving of radio frequency energy.

A commercial establishment for the sale of antiques such as clocks, lamps, clothing, rugs, jewelry, furniture and similar items.

A landowner or developer, as hereinafter defined, who has filed an application for development,

Every application, whether preliminary, tentative or final, required to be filed and approved prior to start of construction or development, including but not limited to an application for a building permit, for the approval of a subdivision plat or plan or for the approval of a land development plan.

The Caln Township Board of Commissioners.

Any number of electrically connected photovoltaic (PV) modules providing a single electrical output.

Coordinated and centrally managed rental housing including self-contained units designed to provide a supportive environment and to accommodate a relatively independent lifestyle. Such a development may contain a limited number of supportive services, such as meals, transportation, housekeeping, linen and organized social activities for residents and their invited guests. Such a use shall primarily serve persons 55 and older, persons with physical handicaps and/or the developmentally disabled. Assisted living facilities shall be licensed as personal care centers by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.

That part of a building, which is immediately below and wholly or partly within the roof framing.

A commercial establishment where goods are sold at auction, including space devoted to sales and storage, off-street loading and unloading spaces and all off-street parking spaces.

Any building or land area devoted to renting of vehicles. Such use shall not permit the retail sale of vehicles.

Any building or land area devoted to the sale of, or the sale and leasing of, new or used vehicles, including customary service and repair facilities within an enclosed building.

Any building or land area devoted to the repair, servicing, restoration, reconstruction and maintenance of vehicles, including the retail sale of gasoline, motor oil, car washes, batteries and other similar vehicular accessories.

A commercial school carried on as a business for the vocational teaching and training of a trade or skill in the automotive field.

An architectural projection or shelter projecting from and supported by the exterior wall of a building and composed of a covering of rigid or nonrigid materials and/or fabric on a supporting framework that may be either permanent or retractable, including such structures that are internally illuminated by fluorescent or other light sources.

A sign displayed on or attached flat against the surface or surfaces of an awning.

Any cloth, bunting, plastic, paper, or similar non-rigid material attached to any structure, staff, pole, rope, wire or framing which is anchored on two or more edges or at all four corners. Banners are temporary in nature and do not include flags.

A sign utilizing a banner as its display surface.

That portion of a building that is partly or completely below the grade plane. A basement shall be considered a story above grade plane when the finished surface of the floor above the basement is as follows: more than six feet above the grade plane; more than six feet above the finished ground level for more than 50% of the total building perimeter; and/or more than 12 feet above the finished ground level at any point.

The use and occupancy of a single-family detached dwelling for the purpose of accommodating transient guests for compensation or rent up to a maximum of 10 consecutive days.

A type of off-premises sign which directs attention to a business, commodity, service, entertainment, facility or other subject matter not located, conducted, sold or offered upon the premises where such sign is located or which calls public attention to a candidate, cause, public issue or other such subject matter and which may be either freestanding or mounted upon the roof or wall of a building.

A tract of land or a lot or group of lots bounded by streets, public parks, railroad rights-of-way, watercourses or bodies of water, boundary lines of the Township, or by any combination of the above.

The Board of Commissioners of the Caln Township, Chester County, Pennsylvania.

The Board of Commissioners of Caln Township, Chester County, Pennsylvania.

A restaurant that includes the brewing of malt beverages of alcoholic and/or non-alcoholic content primarily intended for sale or consumption on the premises in accordance with local and state laws.

A continuous strip of land which is clear of all buildings and paved areas and is adequately landscaped in accordance with this chapter.

A line with which the exterior wall of a building is required to coincide that runs parallel to the property line, as measured perpendicularly to the curb or edge of a street cartway, that enables the alignment of buildings on a block in order to maintain the traditional character of the streetscape of the township. If there is no preexisting or defined curb or edge, then the build-to line is measured from the road right-of-way line.

Any combination of material forming any structure, which is erected on the ground and permanently affixed thereto, where the framed components or structural parts are designed to be completely enclosed (with walls and a roof).

The total area taken on a horizontal plane at the main grade level of all primary and accessory buildings on a lot, excluding unroofed porches, paved terraces, steps, eaves and gutters, but including all enclosed extensions.

The percentage of a lot covered by principal and accessory buildings.

The area of a lot that has no building or construction restrictions such as building set back requirements, rights-of-way, easements, floodplains, wetlands, steep slopes or similar restrictions as defined in this chapter.

The front of a building considering the location of the main entrance and the public street providing access. For corner lots, the building frontage shall be established along both streets to which the building has frontage or access.

The vertical distance measured from the grade plane to the average roof height, as further defined by the appropriate building codes adopted by Caln Township.

The measurement of a building in one general direction.

The minimum distance a building or structure must be set back from the ultimate street right-of-way line (where it exists) or from the street legal right-of-way line (where the ultimate right-of-way does not exist) of the street immediately adjacent thereto.

The line within a property establishing the minimum required distance between any building or structure, or portions thereof, to be erected or altered and a street right-of-way (except the right-of-way of a service street). The distance shall be measured at right angles from the street right-of-way line which abuts the property, and the building setback line shall be parallel to said right-of-way line.

A solar photovoltaic system that is constructed as an integral part of a principal or accessory building or structure and where the building-integrated system features maintain a uniform profile or surface of vertical walls, window openings, and roofing. Such a system is used in lieu of a separate mechanical device, replacing or substituting for an architectural or structural component of the building or structure that appends or interrupts the uniform surface of walls, windows openings or roofing. A building-integrated system may occur within vertical facades, replacing view glass, spandrel glass or other facade material; into semitransparent skylight systems; into roofing systems, replacing traditional roofing materials; or other building or structure envelope systems.

A solar photovoltaic system attached to any part or type of roof on a building or structure that has an occupancy permit on file with the Township and that is either the principal structure or an accessory structure on a lot. This system also includes any solar-based architectural elements.

A facility for the boarding of bus or rail passengers, related ticketing sales and offices and parking for passenger vehicles are normally part of the operation, but without bus or railcar maintenance or repair facilities.

The diameter of a tree trunk, as measured 54 inches from the ground surface.

A plot of ground upon which two or more campsites are located for occupancy, regardless whether a fee has been charged for the occupancy of such space.

A tent or camping vehicle located on a campsite.

A plot of ground within a campground for the use of a single camping unit.

A structure other than an awning made of fabric, metal or other material that is supported by columns or posts affixed to the ground and may also be connected to a building.

Any sign that is part of or attached to a canopy.

Land areas which are generally underlain by geological features with limestone and dolomite characteristics.

A building open on two or more sides and used in association with a dwelling for the storage of private motor vehicles.

The portion of a street right-of-way, whether paved or unpaved, designed for vehicular use.

The smallest basic solar electric device which generates electricity when exposed to light.

Land used or intended to be used for the burial of human remains and may include columbariums, crematoriums, mausoleums and mortuaries when operated in conjunction with and within the boundary of such cemetery.

A statement issued and enforced by the Zoning Officer, whereas upon the completion, conversion, extension or modification of a new building or existing building, a certificate of compliance is issued and signed by the Zoning Officer, and the building can be lawfully occupied for the intended use or activity.

A sign or portion thereof on which the copy or symbols change either automatically through electrical or electronic means, or manually through placement of letters or symbols on a panel mounted in or on a track system. There are two types of changeable copy signs: manual changeable copy signs and electronic changeable copy signs.

An institution, organization or group which is organized and operated for a charitable, educational, religious or philanthropic purpose and which is not intended to make profits.

An individual considered by law to be a minor who is under 18 years of age. For the purposes of a day-care center or facility, a child shall be considered any person who is under 15 years of age.

A building used for public worship by a congregation, excluding buildings used primarily for residential, educational, burial, recreational or other uses not normally associated with worship.

An area of unobstructed vision at a street intersection defined by a line of sight between points at center lines, as defined by the Caln Township Code.

The distance above the walkway, or other surface if specified to the bottom edge of the sign. This term can also refer to the horizontal distance between two objects.

An association of persons for some common nonprofit activity, not including groups organized primarily to render a service which is customarily carried on as a business.

The placement or installation of a new wireless communication facility on previously approved and constructed wireless support structures, including self-supporting or guyed monopoles and towers, electrical transmission towers, water towers or any other structure not classified as a wireless support structure that can support the placement or installation of a wireless communication facility if approved by the Township. The term includes the placement, replacement or modification of accessory equipment within a previously approved equipment compound.

A commercial use, whereas a lot or parcel of land are temporarily occupied by more than two campsites during specified seasons, including tents and recreation vehicles, as defined by the Caln Township Code.

A commercial use involving the accumulation of biodegradable and organic materials from approved uses, including: mushroom production uses; municipal uses; landscaping uses; nursery uses; forestry uses and other similar uses, as determined appropriate by Caln Township; whereas the composted materials are packaged, processed and/or transported from the commercial composting facility and utilized for other applications.

A use or activity operated as a business that is open to the public for the purpose of recreation and entertainment, including but not limited to, bowling alleys, billiard halls, health or fitness clubs, swimming pools, miniature golf courses, museums, theaters, amusement arcades and other similar commercial recreational uses as determined by the Zoning Officer.

An educational facility carried on as a business and not operated by a public agency. The range of curriculums can include, but not be limited to, academic instruction, business, technical programs, art, music, dance, language and other similar commercial school uses as determined by the Zoning Officer.

A use or activity that includes, but is not limited to, retail sales, businesses, offices, personal services, banks, financial institutions, restaurants, communications, recreation and other similar commercial uses as determined by the Zoning Officer. A massage business and the practice of massage therapy shall not be considered a commercial use.

The use of naturally occurring water when 5,000 gallons or more of such water is used on site per day or when 5,000 gallons or more of such water is exported or transported for use off site. "Naturally occurring water" shall mean all water above and below the ground surface.

Any motor vehicle utilized for a business or trade activity of any kind, including construction, excavating, earthmoving equipment or similar equipment, regardless of the use, excluding a Class I and II motor vehicle, which is properly licensed by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.

A parcel or parcels of land or an area of water, or a combination of land and water, within a development, designed and intended for the protection of natural and cultural resources and for the use or enjoyment of all residents of the development in which it is located. Common open spaces shall not include: land areas within street rights-of-way; required open areas between buildings; between buildings and street rights-of-way, driveways and parking areas; and other areas that may be specified within this chapter, unless specifically permitted by this chapter. No dwelling unit, accessory building or parking area may be located within common open spaces unless specifically permitted by this chapter.

A wall used or adopted for joint service between two buildings or parts thereof.

A non-profit organization comprised of homeowners or property owners, the function of which is to maintain and administer property owned in common by members of the association or by the association, to protect and enhance the value of the property owned individually by each of the members. Homeowners Associations and Condominium Associations are types of Community Associations.

A public or quasi-public municipal, institutional or recreational use devoted exclusively to accommodate one or more group activities, including but not limited to, civic, social, recreational, educational or cultural or other similar activities determined appropriate by the Zoning Officer, and provided that the community center is properly maintained and is not utilized as a residential use.

The act of bringing to a condition of physical completeness and readiness for use and occupancy.

The Caln Township Comprehensive Plan, or any part thereof, last updated and adopted by the Caln Township Board of Commissioners in May of 2017.

A use in a particular zoning district by approval of the Board of Commissioners in accordance with the specific criteria set forth in this chapter of the Code.

A facility utilized for meetings and seminars, with accommodations for meeting rooms, food preparation, social quarters, restaurants, banquet facilities, bars, taprooms, recreation facilities, entertainment, overnight accommodations and similar uses.

Lands containing 100-year floodplains (including the floodway), wetlands, and very steep slopes.

Lands containing natural or cultural resources, outside of primary conservation areas, that are worthy of conservation. See §§ 155-55 and 155-64M for the list of resources that comprise secondary conservation areas for mixed-use village and conservation subdivision design developments, respectively.

A subdivision where individual lots are reduced in size, important natural resources are conserved, and the resultant open space is preserved in perpetuity. Conservation subdivision design shall comply with § 155-64 of this chapter and all other applicable standards of this Chapter and Chapter 137, Subdivision and Land Development.

The preservation and utilization of land and surface water as wildlife habitats, forests, farmland, meadows, wetlands, lakes, streams, rivers and other similar uses or features that involve no site improvements other than those required for education, recreation or municipal uses.

An agreement or correspondence between matters being compared, which denotes a reasonable rational, similar connection or relationship.

Selected resources multiplied by a protection factor and totalled, in accordance with § 155-52B(2) for mixed-use village development and § 155-64F(2)(b) for conservation subdivision design development.

The placement of materials and equipment in a defined area to be assembled, built, applied and/or demolished in a temporary or permanent manner, as approved by the designated officials of Caln Township.

A unified planned residential development servicing the housing, personal needs, and medical or nursing care of older persons, who are generally 55 years of age or older, within residential units, and as further defined in this chapter of the Code. This use is intended to provide housing opportunities for older persons in accordance with the Fair Housing Act.

A residential living environment and care facilities that provide residents with a full continuum of care as their needs change, including independent living, assisted living, personal care, and skilled nursing. CCRCs operate with a view toward: creating provisions for sustenance, housing, physical, spiritual, cultural, social and medical needs; allowing for care of residents as well as for operation and maintenance of residential living units; allowing for medical services for residents in the form of an infirmary for the temporary care of such residents and the treatment of their medical problems; and, allowing for independent living and assisted living, as well as skilled nursing facilities for both long-term and short-term care. The CCRC may include accessory uses primarily for the benefit of the CCRC residents such as: gift shops; personal services such as barber shops or beauty salon; cafeteria; community center; and library.

A commercial use which involves offices and/or the storage of supplies, equipment, machinery and materials for contractors and tradesmen such as builders, masons, carpenters and landscapers. Such use does not include retail sales of products or materials.

A building containing sleeping rooms used by persons who are lodged and furnished with meals and are provided with needed support and recovery services, including the availability of basic nursing care. Such a facility may or may not include skilled nursing or medical care. This definition shall be limited to facilities licensed by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania as a convalescent home, nursing center, rehabilitation center or personal care center.

An area of land, together with a building of not less than 4,000 square feet in gross floor area and not more than 10,000 square feet in gross floor area, which is opened to the general public for up to 24 hours per day, owned and operated by one entity, and designed and intended to be utilized for the retail sale within the building of limited food items, beverages, newspapers, magazines and incidental personal care items (but excluding the sale of prescription drugs and clothing) and the location within the building of ATM banking machines for the convenience of the general public, and the retail sale of fuel outside of the building when dispensed from fueling positions located under a canopy.

To change or adapt land or structures to a different use, occupancy or purpose.

The County of Chester, Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.

The Chester County Planning Commission.

A portion of a lot unoccupied above grade but partially or wholly surrounded by the walls of a structure or buildings.

An area of land or water with one or more of the following characteristics: steep slopes; floodplain; wetlands; hydric soils; high water table soils; land subject to hazardous, municipal or industrial waste; fault areas; sinkholes; stream corridors; estuaries; and habitats of endangered species.

A proposed zoning amendment made to the Board of Commissioners by any landowner/applicant who desires to challenge on substantial grounds the validity of an ordinance which prohibits or restricts the use or the development of land in which the landowner/applicant has an interest.

The edge of the cartway.

A facility where digital information is processed, stored and/or transferred to and from offsite locations. This use does not include computers or telecommunications related equipment that is secondary and customarily incidental to an otherwise permitted use on the property, such as servers associated with an office building. This use shall also include cryptocurrency mining and blockchain transaction processing.

Ancillary uses or structures secondary and incidental to a data center use, including but not limited to: administrative, logistical, fiber optic, storage, and security buildings or structures; sources of electrical power such as generators used to provide temporary power when the main source of power is interrupted; energy generation systems used or intended to be used to supply power to the data center during normal operations; electrical substations; utility lines; domestic and non-contact cooling water and wastewater treatment facilities; water holding facilities; pump stations; water towers; environmental controls (air conditioning or cooling towers, fire suppression, and related equipment); security features, provided such data center accessory uses or structures are located on the same tract or assemblage of adjacent parcels developed as a unified development with a data center.

The offering of care or supervision to minors or adults with special needs. The following subcategories are related to day-care centers and facilities:

An open or partially enclosed area of a residential use which is constructed in accordance with the Caln Township Code and is occupied for seasonal activities.

The deliberate appropriation of land by its owner for general public use.

A written document whereby an estate in real property is described, conveyed and recorded.

Clauses included in a deed or other recorded document which restricts, controls or limits the general use of a defined parcel of land.

The number of residential dwelling units per acre or lot area.

The area designated as common open space within a residential development, containing open areas for recreational uses and natural resource conservation.

Any landowner, agent of such landowner, equitable owner or tenant with the permission of the landowner for whom subdivision or land development plans are being or have been made.

Any man-made change to improved or unimproved land, including but not limited to buildings or other structures, the installation of utilities, filling, grading, paving, excavation, mining, dredging or drilling operations.

A proposal for the development of land, prepared in accordance with the Caln Township Code, including a plan for subdivision or land development, all covenants relating to use, location and bulk of buildings and other structures, intensity of use or density of development, streets, ways and parking facilities, common open space and public facilities. The phrase "provisions of the development plan" when used in this chapter shall mean the written and graphic materials referred to in this definition.

An on-premises sign indicating that the property is actively in the process of subdivision or land development.

Any sign that is designed and erected for the purpose of providing direction and/or orientation for pedestrian or vehicular traffic. Such signs shall not contain any advertising messages.

A person, including a natural person, corporation, partnership, association, trust or other entity, or any combination thereof, which holds a permit issued by the Pennsylvania Department of Health to dispense medical marijuana.

A restaurant that includes the distilling of liquor primarily intended for sale or consumption on the premises in accordance with local and state laws.

Network of spatially separated antenna sites connected to a common source that provides wireless service within a geographic area or structure.

A portion of the Township within which certain uniform regulations and requirements, or combinations thereof, apply under the provisions of this chapter.

Any activity which exposes soils, alters topography, alters vegetation, and/or alters a watercourse or wetland, except for removal of a safety hazard, diseased trees, or invasive vegetation. Disturbance also includes the moving, depositing, storing, or stockpiling of soil, rock, or other materials.

Domesticated animals normally kept in or in conjunction with a dwelling unit for the pleasure of the resident family, such as dogs, cats, small birds, gerbils and other similar pets normally sold by retail pet stores.

A sign with two faces, back to back, matching in size and shape.

A generally circular line, the circumference of which is determined by the outer reaches of a tree's widest branching points.

A commercial establishment, where the patrons are provided specialty services without leaving their vehicle.

A privately owned and constructed access drive, providing vehicular access between a public or private road into the lot or parcel having frontage on the road.

A site utilized for the disposal, abandonment, dumping, burial, incineration, burning or other means of discarding garbage, trash, junk, vehicles, automobile parts or other forms of waste.

A building or structure or portion thereof arranged, intended, designed or used as the living quarters for one or more families living independently of each other. Buildings such as hospitals, hotels, boarding, lodging houses, nursing homes, motels and institutional residences are not included in the definition of dwelling. The following dwelling types are further defined as follows:

A single unit providing complete independent living facilities for one family, including permanent provisions for living, sleeping, eating, cooking and sanitation.

A defined parcel of land or right-of-way which is granted or conveyed for the limited use of land for public, quasi-public or private purposes.

Land or buildings used for the establishment and maintenance of a public or private school or other educational institution which is used for the primary purpose of instruction and learning. The term shall exclude driver training schools, heavy equipment training, and riding schools.

Any sign activated or illuminated by means of electrical energy.

An assemblage of equipment for purposes other than generation or utilization through which electric energy in bulk is passed for the purpose of switching or modifying its characteristics to meet the need of the general public.

An electronically activated changeable sign whose variable message capability can be electronically programmed.

The horizontal alignment of a surface above mean sea level as it exists in predevelopment conditions or as it is proposed in post development conditions.

The total number of workers (including both part-time and full-time) present on a parcel of land at any given time, other than temporary or occasional construction workers.

A professional engineer, licensed as such in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.

A detailed written report that provides discussion of significant environmental impacts and provides reasonable alternatives which would avoid or minimize adverse impacts or enhance the quality of the human environment.

The removal of soil, rock or surface particles by the action of water, wind, ice or other agents.

The front of a building facing a public or private street or any other building face that is given special architectural treatment.

One person occupying a single dwelling; two or more persons related by blood, marriage or adoption, living together in a single dwelling unit and maintaining it as a functional common household; and/or a group of not more than four persons unrelated by blood, marriage or adoption living together in a single dwelling unit and maintaining it as a functional common household. The term "family" shall be deemed to include any domestic employees or gratuitous guests.

An area of land, including all buildings, accessory buildings, farm buildings and one single-family detached principal dwelling, all used for agriculture and where the primary source of income is derived from property.

Chickens, turkey, sheep, goats, hogs, pigs, cattle, horses and other similar animals which are common to a farm.

A barn, silo or any building used for the storage of agricultural equipment or farm produce or housing livestock or poultry. The term "farm building" shall not include dwellings.

Federal Communications Commission.

A man-made barrier placed or arranged as a line of demarcation between lots or to enclose a lot or portion thereof. The term "fence" shall be deemed to include a wall.

A bank, savings and loan, credit union or similar use.

A road that provides fire apparatus access from the fire station to a facility, building or portion thereof. This is a general term inclusive of all other terms such as fire lane, public street, private street, parking lot lane and access roadway.

A flagstaff designed and solely intended for the patriotic display of the flag of the United States of America, or its armed forces, the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania or any political subdivision thereof, or the flag of a group or organization, or combination thereof, and for no other purpose. A flagpole shall not include a standard antenna, a standard antenna support structure, a commercial communications antenna support structure, tower, antenna or any other structure designed, intended or capable of supporting any other use or purpose.

A sign whose artificial illumination is not kept constant in intensity at all times when in use and which exhibits changes in light, color, direction or animation, This definition does not include an electronic changeable copy sign or manual changeable copy sign.

Short for flexible property, is a commercial use with a mix of office, storage, warehouse or other industrial space.

The gross floor space of the building or buildings, measured from the exterior faces of exterior walls or from the center line of wall separating buildings. In particular, the floor area of a building or buildings shall include: basement space; all spaces other than interior balconies and mezzanines; enclosed porches, terraces or other space which are attached to the principal structure on at least one side; attic spaces (with or without a finished floor) providing structural headroom of seven feet, six inches or more is available over 50% of such attic space. However, the floor area shall not include: elevator shafts, stairwells, bulkhead, accessory water tanks or cooling towers; terraces; breezeways; uncovered steps; open space; and/or accessory buildings.

The floor area in square feet of all buildings on a lot divided by the gross area of such lot in square feet.

A unit of incident light (on a surface) stated in lumens per square foot and measurable with an illuminance meter, a.k.a footcandle or light meter. One footcandle is equal to one lumen per square foot.

As defined in Chapter 85B.

A sign supported by structures or supports that are placed on, or anchored in the ground; and that is independent and detached from any building or other structure. The following are subtypes of freestanding signs:

A building used for the preparation of the deceased for burial, including the viewing of the deceased and any lawful rituals connected therewith before burial or cremation.

An accessory building or a part of a principal building used for the storage of motor vehicles owned and used by the owner or tenant of the premises and for the storage of not more than three motor vehicles owned and used by persons other than the owner or tenant of the premises. Not more than one commercial vehicle or truck may be stored in a private garage.

A building, other than a private or storage garage, one or more stories in height, used solely for commercial storage service or repair of motor vehicles.

A building, not a private residential or a public garage, one story in height, used solely for the storage of motor vehicles used in conjunction with a business or industry, but not for the sale, service or repair thereof nor for the sale of fuel, accessories or supplies.

A computer-based system that links the geographic location of map features to text information or databases.

The dimensions of a facility and the relationships of its features such as alignment, profile, grades, widths, sight distances, clearances and slopes.

A public or private course with a minimum of nine holes for golfing.

The Board of Commissioners of the Caln Township, Chester County.

Any activities, services or uses conducted by any agency or department of local, county, state or federal government.

A reference plane representing the average of finished ground level adjoining the building at the exterior walls. Where the finished ground levels slope away form the exterior walls, the referenced plane shall be established by the lowest points within the area between the building and the lot line or, where the lot line is more than six feet from the building, between the building and a point six feet from the building.

A linear corridor of open space, including natural features such as waterways, stream valleys, ridgelines and scenic vistas, or along man-made features such as railroad beds or abandoned canals, which provide areas for wildlife habitats and recreational uses.

A solar photovoltaic system mounted on a structure, pole or series of poles constructed specifically to support the photovoltaic system and not attached to any other structure.

The use of any lawful dwelling unit which meets all of the criteria in § 155-66 of this chapter.

A person, including a natural person, corporation, partnership, association, trust or other entity, or any combination thereof, which holds a permit from the Pennsylvania Department of Health to grow and process medical marijuana.

Those chemicals or substances, which are physical hazards or health hazards as defined and classified in the adopted Caln Township Fire Code, whether the materials are in usable or waste condition.

A private or public indoor facility utilized for health, fitness and/or recreational activities. All activities relating to an adult business use shall be prohibited within a health club.

The vertical distance measured from the average elevation of the ground or finished grade to the highest point of a building or structure.

A defined area to accommodate all phases of operation of rotor-wing aircraft or helicopters, with sufficient space for all required safety controls and maneuvers in accordance with all state and federal requirements, as well as to allow for the provision of service facilities.

A defined area on a roof or on the ground to accommodate touch down and lift off of rotor-wing aircraft or helicopters. All such defined areas shall have sufficient space to accommodate all required safety controls and maneuvers in accordance with all state and federal requirements, but in no case shall such area provide service facilities.

A tree or plant that is considered by the Township to be worthy of conservation due to its age, historical or cultural importance, size, shape, form, visual prominence, scenic qualities, or listing by the PA Natural Heritage Program as a rare, threatened, endangered, or vulnerable species.

Surface soils which are within three feet of the seasonable high water table.

The lot dimensions measured along the right-of-way line of any one street or highway abutting a lot.

A commercial use providing the sale or rental of a diverse range of hardware and related materials generally used in the maintenance, repair, or construction of buildings or other structures, including lawn and garden supplies. This term includes a lumber yard.

An accessory use, which is customarily conducted within a residential use or a structure accessory thereto, which is clearly secondary and incidental to the residential use in which the practitioner resides. The following categories of home occupation are hereby defined:

A sign displaying the name and address of the occupant, profession, or activity of the occupant of a dwelling.

An institutional use, licensed by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, which provides for inpatient and outpatient medical care, 24 hours per day, seven days per week, as well as providing primary health services, medical care and surgical services to patients suffering from illness, disease, injury, deformity and other abnormal physical or mental conditions. In addition, a hospital may also include accessory uses and facilities including, but not limited to, medical offices, administrative offices, educational facilities, research centers, clinics, cafeterias, retail stores and other uses considered customary to a hospital or medical campus.

A facility offering transient lodging accommodations to the general public, which rooms are entered exclusively from an interior lobby, corridor or hallway from a common entrance, and which may include additional facilities and services, such as restaurants, lounges, meeting rooms and other common areas, or recreation facilities for use only by registered hotel guests.

Equipment used to heat, cool or ventilate a structure.

A soil that is saturated, flooded or ponded long enough during the growing season to develop anaerobic conditions in the upper part.

A sign characterized by the use of artificial light, either projecting through its surface(s) (internally illuminated) or reflecting off its surface(s) (externally illuminated).

The percentage of lot area covered by any and all impervious surfaces, such as buildings, paved parking areas, paved walks, terraces and similar surfaces, which do not normally absorb rainfall.

A surface which prevents the percolation of water into the ground. The water surface area and all hardscape areas around a pool shall be considered impervious.

Any type of structure, paved area and/or physical changes to the land, including but not limited to, grading, paving, stormwater management facilities, sidewalks, street signs, traffic control devices, monuments, utilities, water supply facilities and sewage disposal facilities.

A facility designed to reduce municipal solid waste, fuel, gas, refuse or other material by combustion. This use may include heat exchange equipment for energy recovery.

A residential community or use designed for those persons who are independent with respect to their daily living activities (bathing, dressing, grooming and eating) and choose to reside in a community with other seniors (55 years or older). These communities may offer amenities such as, but not limited to, security systems, recreational activities, social programs, meal services and transportation.

A use or activity that includes, but is not limited to, assembling, manufacturing, distributing, processing, storing or warehousing of products and materials, and other similar industrial uses as determined by the Zoning Officer.

A use or activity that includes educational uses, hospitals, micro-hospitals, medical centers, religious uses, and other similar institutional uses as determined by the Zoning Officer.

The technical and practical link between the solar generator and the grid providing electricity to the greater community.

An area of woodland that provides specialized habitat for certain species. Interior forest is a minimum of 3.75 acres and is located at least 300 feet from the outermost drip line of all trees in the larger woodland area. The larger woodland area must be a minimum of 25 contiguous acres.

Predominantly non-native (to Pennsylvania) tree, shrub, vine, or herbaceous species that grow or reproduce aggressively, usually because they have few or no natural predators, and which can so dominate that they out-compete many native plant species. Invasive plant species are those species listed on the Invasive Plant List produced and maintained by the Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources.

Discarded materials, including, but not limited to, waste, paper, rags, glass, containers, fabric and similar material from vehicles, equipment or machinery.

A lot, land or structure, or parts thereof, used for the collection, storage, dismantling, salvage, sale, exchange and/or recycling of used and discarded materials, including, but not limited to, waste, paper, rags, glass, containers, fabric and similar material from vehicles, equipment or machinery. The deposit or storage of two or more unlicensed, uninspected, abandoned, wrecked or disabled vehicles shall be deemed to be a "junkyard."

A site survey performed by the United States Army Corps of Engineers to officially determine whether or not a defined parcel of land is subject to wetlands regulations.

Any property, including any building or structure thereon, where four or more dogs, 10 weeks of age or older, are kept or maintained for boarding, grooming, breeding, training, showing, selling or exchange.

A unit of electrical power equal to 1,000 watts, which constitutes the basic unit of electrical demand. A watt is a metric measurement of power (not energy) and is the rate (not duration) at which electricity is used. One thousand kW is equal to one megawatt (MW).

An enclosed and weatherproofed room consisting of a sink with plumbing facilities, permanent stove/oven and a refrigerator, which complies with all codes adopted by Caln Township.

A building or group of buildings in which are located the facilities for scientific research, investigation, testing and experimentation, but not including the manufacture of products for sale.

Any of the following activities:

The legal or beneficial owner or owners of land, including the holder of an option or contract to purchase (whether or not such option or contract is subject to any condition). A lessee under a written lease who has written authorization of the legal owner shall be deemed to be a landowner for the purpose of this chapter.

A landscape architect registered by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.

The raising and ownership of chickens, turkey, sheep, goats, hogs, pigs, cattle, horses and other similar animals which are common to a farm in accordance with the Caln Township Code.

A defined space located within a lot or parcel of land, which has accessibility to a public street, for temporary use of commercial vehicles while loading or unloading merchandise and materials to the principal use and building contained on the lot or parcel of land.

A tract or parcel of land, regardless of size, held in single or joint ownership, not necessarily a lot or lots shown on a duly recorded map, which is occupied or capable of being occupied by buildings, structures and accessory buildings, including such open spaces as are arranged, designed or required. The term "lot" shall also mean parcel, plot, site or any similar term.

The total amount of land contained within the limits of the legally described property lines bounding the lot.

The space contained within the lot lines of any land parcel, excluding any and all future/ultimate street rights-of-way and common open space. The net lot area shall not be less than the minimum lot size required by the zoning district for the use proposed in which the lot is located.

The percentage of a lot covered by all impervious surfaces.

The mean average horizontal distance between the front and the rear lot lines.

That portion of a lot which fronts on a single street.

The property line forming the front, rear or side boundary of a lot.

A lot or parcel of land recorded in the Office of the Recorder of Deeds of Chester County, Pennsylvania.

The width of a lot measured at the street line of the street immediately adjacent thereto.

The assembling, creating, cleaning, fabricating, processing, testing, recycling, packaging, converting, distributing and/or repairing of raw materials, with the use of labor and machinery, of products that will be made available for sale. The term "manufacture" shall not include retail sales, personal services, solid waste disposal, truck distribution, mineral extraction, woodland extraction, forestry, exportation of groundwater, warehousing, or similar uses determined by the Zoning Officer.

Any method of pressure on, or friction against, or stroking, kneading, rubbing, tapping, pounding, vibrating or stimulating of the external soft parts of the body with the hands or with the aid of any mechanical or electrical apparatus or appliance, with or without such supplementary aids as rubbing alcohol, liniment, antiseptics, oils, powder, creams, lotions, ointments or other similar preparations commonly used in this practice.

Any establishment having a fixed place of business where any person engages in, carries on, or permits to be engaged in or carried on the practice of massage as is defined in this chapter. This term shall exclude licensed hospitals, licensed nursing homes, medical clinics, offices and quarters of licensed health profession practitioners, and adult business or adult entertainment uses. A massage business/day spa shall also include a location where sauna baths, Turkish baths, Swedish baths or the like are made available to members of the public.

An individual licensed by the Pennsylvania State Board of Massage Therapy to practice massage therapy.

As defined in the Massage Therapy Act (63 P.S. § 627.1 to § 627.50), (the "Act"), as the act may be amended from time to time, the application of a system of structured touch, pressure, movement, holding and treatment of the soft tissue manifestations of the human body in which the primary intent is to enhance the health and well-being of the client without limitation, except as provided in the Act. The term includes the external application of water, heat, cold, lubricants or other topical preparations, lymphatic techniques, myofascial release techniques and the use of electro-mechanical devices which mimic or enhance the action of the massage techniques. The term does not include the diagnosis or treatment of impairment, illness, disease or disability, a medical procedure, a chiropractic manipulation—adjustment, physical therapy mobilization—manual therapy, therapeutic exercise, electrical stimulation, ultrasound or prescription of medicines for which a license to practice medicine, chiropractic, physical therapy, occupational therapy, podiatry or other practice of the healing arts is required. The term also shall not include barbers and beauticians who are duly licensed by the commonwealth and massage the neck, face, scalp or hair of their patrons as an accessory service to hair cutting/styling.

The average height of the sea for all stages of the tide, utilizing the most current National Geodetic Vertical Datum.

A voluntary negotiating process in which parties in a dispute mutually select a neutral mediator to assist them in jointly exploring and settling their differences, culminating in a written agreement which the parties themselves create and consider acceptable.

Offices organized as a unified facility to provide health services, medical care, and surgical services, but not including in-patient care.

Marijuana for certified medical use as legally permitted by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania pursuant to Act 16 of 2016.

A person, including a natural person, corporation, partnership, association, trust or other entity, or any combination thereof, which holds a permit issued by the Pennsylvania Department of Health to dispense medical marijuana in accord with the Pennsylvania Medical Marijuana Act, Act 16 of 2016. The term does not include a health care medical marijuana organization under Chapter 19 of the Pennsylvania Medical Marijuana Act, Act 16 of 2016.

A person, including a natural person, corporation, partnership, association, trust or other entity, or any combination thereof, which holds a permit issued by the Pennsylvania Department of Health to grow and process medical marijuana in accord with the Pennsylvania Medical Marijuana Act, Act 16 of 2016. The term does not include a health care medical marijuana organization under Chapter 19 of the Pennsylvania Medical Marijuana Act, Act 16 of 2016.

A building, which primarily involves a health care use, where patients are admitted for examination and treatment on an outpatient basis by one or more physicians, dentists, psychologists, social workers or other similar licensed professional, whereas the patients are not typically lodged overnight or after normal office hours unless prescribed by the licensed professional.

A public or private facility utilized for the treatment, rehabilitation and training of outpatients to regain, develop or enhance their physical skills, condition or stamina which have been lost or impaired through injury or illness.

A public or private facility utilized for medical testing, sampling or research in a controlled laboratory environment.

A group of mixed uses within a planned nonresidential development, which principally relate to medical or institutional uses.

An intermediate level or levels between the floor and ceiling of any story with an aggregate floor area of not more than 1/3 of the area of the room or space in which the level or levels are located.

A facility that meets each of the following standards:

The act or process of mining or extracting minerals.

A solid homogeny aggregate or mass of mineral matter, whether or not coherent. The term includes, but is not limited to, limestone, dolomite, sand, gravel, rock, stone, earth, fill, slag, iron ore, zinc ore, vermiculite, clay, anthracite and bituminous coal, coal refuse, peat, crude oil and natural gas.

A building or group of buildings that are divided into individual units, each of which unit is available for rent or lease to the public for the self-storage of tangible personal property.

A combination of uses within a single building, which may not include residential units on the first floor.

A parcel of land in a mobile home park improved with the necessary utility connections and other appurtenances necessary for the erection thereon of a single mobile home, which is leased by the park owner to the occupants of the mobile home erected on the lot.

A parcel or contiguous parcels of land which has been so designated and improved that it contains two or more mobile home lots for the placement thereon of mobile homes.

The improvement, upgrade or expansion of existing wireless communications facilities or base stations on an existing wireless support structure or the improvement, upgrade or expansion of the wireless communications facilities located within an existing equipment compound, if the improvement, upgrade, expansion or replacement does not substantially change the physical dimensions of the wireless support structure.

A module is the smallest protected assembly of interconnected PV cells.

A building or group of attached or detached buildings containing individual living or sleeping units designed for temporary use by tourists or transients, each of which is provided with an independent exterior entrance and off-street parking space. The term "motel" includes, auto courts, motor courts, motor inns, motor lodges, roadside hotels or similar accommodations.

Any building or land area on which freight is delivered for transfer, assembly, storage or sorting and than shipped to another location.

The Pennsylvania Municipalities Planning Code, as amended and codified in 53 P.S., § 10101.

The Caln Township Municipal Authority.

A use owned and maintained by Caln Township for public recreation area, park, swimming pool, golf course, spectator sports, municipal offices, police station, water and sewage facilities, utilities, community centers, solid waste disposal areas, recycling centers, composting facilities, road materials and equipment storage and similar governmental or municipal uses.

Caln Township, Chester County, Pennsylvania.

An agreement with a local electric utility that allows customers to receive a credit for surplus electricity generated by certain renewable energy systems.

Any building or establishment used for social and entertainment purposes, whereas food, music and beverages are provided to patrons for a fee.

All non-tower wireless communications facilities, including, but not limited to, antennae and related equipment. Non-tower WCF shall not include support structures for antennae and related equipment.

A lot which does not meet with the minimum lot width or area dimensions specified for the district where such lot is situated but was lawfully in existence prior to the effective date of this chapter.

A structure or building, or part thereof, which does not meet the applicable provisions or requirements of the district in which it is located, either at the time of enactment of this chapter or as a result of subsequent amendments thereto, where such building or structure lawfully existed prior to the enactment of such chapter or amendment. Such nonconforming structures include, but are not limited to, nonconforming signs.

A building, structure, sign or use of land which does not conform to the applicable regulations of the district in which it is located, either at the time of the enactment of this chapter or as a result of subsequent amendments thereto, but which did not violate any applicable use regulations prior to the enactment of such chapter or amendments. However, no existing use shall be deemed nonconforming solely because of the existence of less than the required off-street parking spaces.

A use involving the raising of trees (for transplanting), ornamental, shrubs, flowers or house plants for any commercial purpose. All nursery/greenhouses that are designed and constructed to be 1,000 square feet or less shall be considered an accessory structure. All nursery/greenhouses that are designed and constructed to exceed 1,000 square feet in size shall be considered a principal structure.

A building containing sleeping rooms used by persons who are lodged and furnished with meals and are provided with needed support services, including the availability of basic nursing care. Such a facility may or may not include skilled nursing or medical care. This definition shall be limited to facilities licensed by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania as a nursing center or personal care center.

Any wall, dam, wharf, embankment, levee, dike, pile, abutment, projection, excavation, channel, rectification, culvert, building, structure, fence, stockpile, refuse, fill or other matter which may impede, retard or change the normal direction or path of air, water or any modes of transportation.

The possession of any structure, building, land area or water body with the intent to remain for the purpose of residing, conducting business or performing social, recreational, cultural, educational, municipal, governmental, institutional, religious, charitable or similar uses.

A sign which directs attention to a person, business, profession, product or activity not conducted on the same premises.

A use that primarily involves professional or nonprofit services relating to, but not limited to, administrative, business, clerical, financial, governmental, medical, municipal, political, or similar office uses, as determined by the Zoning Officer.

The Official Map, as adopted by the Board of Commissioners, showing the characteristics of streets, watercourses, public grounds and other topographic features.

The Zoning Map of Caln Township.

Woodland areas that have been in existence for 100 years or more.

A sign erected, maintained or used in the outdoor environment for the purpose of the display of messages appurtenant to the use of, products sold on, or the sale or lease of, the property on which it is displayed.

The unoccupied space, land area or water body that is located on the same lot with the principal use or development, which is open to the sky and not occupied by buildings, structures, sidewalks, off-street parking areas, access drives and/or other impervious areas.

The Caln Township Zoning Ordinance or any provisions or amendments thereof, enacted by the Board of Commissioners, including the Official Zoning Map.

The external storage of materials, products and accessory components of a use which conforms to the normal functions and procedures conducted on that use.

All sales conducted outside of a principal building.

The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.

A tract of land designed and utilized by the general public for active and/or passive recreation purposes.

An off-street area designed solely for the parking of motor vehicles, including driveways, passageways and maneuvering space appurtenant thereto.

A reasonably level space, available for the parking of one motor vehicle, not less than 10 feet wide and having an area of not less than 200 square feet exclusive of passageways or other means of circulation or access.

An area or courtyard which is not covered by a roof or permanent awning and is designed for outdoor living purposes.

The percentage of lot area covered by any and all impervious materials, such as buildings, paved parking areas, paved walks, terraces and similar surfaces, which do not normally absorb rainfall.

A building in which the first floor is elevated above the ground and is supported by a typically concrete or steel structure that serves as a foundation. The ground floor space often accommodates parking or other amenities.

A parking area within the ground floor space of a pedestal building.

A document issued by the proper regulatory agency authorizing the applicant to undertake certain activities as specified on the application or permit.

A use permitted in a particular district to occupy or use land for a specific purpose in accordance with this chapter.

An individual, corporation, partnership, organization, association, trust or other similar entity.

A facility owned and operated by a legal entity which possesses the appropriate certifications and licenses issued by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania for operating a personal care home at a defined location. The facility shall be used to provide dwelling units, food, personal assistance or supervision to adults of advanced age or otherwise who do not require services at a licensed long-term care facility, but who, because of their advanced age or other condition, require assistance or supervision in matters such as dressing, bathing, diet, financial management, emergency evacuation and/or taking medication prescribed for self-administration.

A building or portion of a building in which the services of a person permitted to practice a specified profession are offered to the general public. Examples of such professions may include accountants, agents, architects, barbers, beauticians, lawyers, optometrists, photographers, tailors, electronic repair technicians or other similar personal service establishments as determined by the Zoning Officer. A massage business and the practice of massage therapy shall not be considered a personal service establishment.

A semiconductor-based device that converts light directly into electricity.

A proposal for development, subdivision or land development, including all covenants, grants or easements and other conditions relating to use, location and bulk of buildings, density of development, common open space and public facilities, which complies with the Caln Township Code.

The Caln Township Planning Commission, Chester County, Pennsylvania.

A roofed or unroofed structure projecting from the front, side or rear wall of a building.

When used in connection with natural and historic resources, shall include means to conserve and safeguard these resources from wasteful or destructive use, but shall not be interpreted to authorize the unreasonable restriction of forestry, mining or other lawful uses of natural resources.

A building in which a principal use on a lot is carried on.

The main or primary purpose for which any land, structure or building is designed, arranged or intended and for which they may be occupied or maintained under the terms of this chapter.

A sign other than a wall sign that projects from and is supported by a wall of a building or structure.

A sign, including "no trespassing," "no hunting," "no solicitation" or any other similar sign.

All such areas, including: parks, playgrounds, trails, paths and other recreational areas and other public areas; sites for schools, sewage treatment, refuse disposal and other publicly owned or operated facilities; and publicly owned or operated scenic and historic sites.

A formal meeting held pursuant to public notice by Caln Township, the governing body or planning agency intended to inform and obtain public comment prior to taking action in accordance with this Code and the Pennsylvania Municipalities Planning Code.

A forum held pursuant to notice under the requirements of this Code, the Pennsylvania Municipalities Planning Code or the "Pennsylvania Sunshine Law."

Notice published once each week for two successive weeks in a newspaper of general circulation within Caln Township. Such notice shall state the time and place of the hearing and the particular nature of the matter to be considered at the hearing. The first publication shall not be more than 30 days and the second publication shall not be less than seven days from the date of the hearing.

The removal or extraction of minerals, rock, natural resources or other products of earth, either on the surface or below the surface, in accordance with the provisions of the Caln Township Code and Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.

The occupation and use of land, buildings, and structures for purposes directly connected with rail transportation, including such facilities as tracks, sidings, signal devices and structures, shops and yards for maintenance and storage of rail machinery, loading platforms, and passenger and freight terminals, but excluding freight terminals and yards, and similar facilities, which are maintained and operated by the owning railroad or by a lessee for the purposes auxiliary to rail transportation; provided, however, that the operation of such facilities as a hobby or as part of an amusement business shall not be considered a railroad use.

See "bus or railway station."

Land area containing recreational facilities, which may require visitors or participants to become involved in physical or energetic functions, primarily group functions. Active recreation areas may include, but not limited to, basketball courts, baseball fields, football fields, soccer fields, tennis courts, playgrounds, tot lots, community centers, hockey rinks, skateboard areas, swimming pools and volleyball courts.

Land area containing recreation facilities, which may require visitors or participants to become involved in quiet functions that do not require physical or energetic functions. Passive recreation areas may include, but not limited to, common open space, trails for walking or bicycling, surface water for canoeing, rafting or fishing, pavilions, picnic areas, cultural centers, scenic vistas and amphitheaters.

Land, water, buildings, structures, apparatuses and/or equipment which are required to accommodate recreational uses.

An active or passive recreational use designed to accommodate physical, leisure, sporting or relaxation activities on land or water. Recreational uses may include, basketball, baseball, football, bicycling, walking, jogging, running, fishing, boating, hunting, hockey, skating, skateboarding, soccer, swimming, tennis, volleyball, racquetball, exercise/fitness, bird watching, picnicking or any other similar recreational uses, as determined by the Zoning Officer. The term shall not include commercial recreational uses, as defined above.

A vehicle of any size which is designed as a temporary dwelling or living unit for travel, recreation and vacation uses. Recreation vehicles may include motorized vehicles designed to be self-propelled or nonmotorized vehicles designed to be towed or carried by another vehicle, including campers, pickup coaches, travel trailer and similar vehicles.

A facility that provides therapy and support to help individuals recover from various conditions, including physical injuries, mental health issues, or substance abuse.

Land areas occupied by buildings, churches, synagogues, retreat centers, monasteries, seminaries, convents, shrines, cemeteries and other similar nonprofit facilities, which are primarily used for religious or spiritual worship.

Any method, process or substance whose supply is rejuvenated through natural processes and, subject to those natural processes, remains relatively constant, including, but not limited to, biomass conversion, geothermal energy, solar energy, wind energy and hydroelectric energy, and excluding those sources of energy used in the fission and fusion processes.

A commercial use in which machinery, equipment and goods, but not motor vehicles, are rented to customers for temporary use pursuant to a short-term rental contract, including the sale of machinery, equipment and goods as an accessory use. For the purposes of this definition, "machinery" means equipment which requires a motor to operate; "equipment" means any nonmotorized device permanently attached to and movable on wheels; and "goods" means any other rental items.

A defined area within a building or structure which is rented or leased to accommodate residential or nonresidential uses, as permitted by the Caln Township Code.

A use within a permitted dwelling unit designed and utilized as the living quarters for one or more families living independently of each other. Residential uses may be permitted within single-family detached units, single-family semidetached units, two-family attached units, mobile homes, apartment units and townhouse units, provided the type of dwelling unit is a permitted use within the zoning district to which it is located, and provided that the dwelling unit complies with the standards specified by this Code.

A facility or land that is used for any one or a combination of the following or similar uses: composting, incineration, material separation, recycling or trash transfer. A resource recovery facility shall be owned and operated by Caln Township or a municipal authority by and on behalf of Caln Township.

A commercial establishment devoted to the sale and consumption of food and beverages to patrons within an enclosed building while the patrons are seated at counters, booths or tables. A restaurant may contain an accessory area or use devoted to outdoor eating, retail sales, social quarters, meeting rooms, bars, taprooms and similar uses, provided the cumulative total area of the accessory use does not exceed 30% of the gross floor area of the restaurant.

A restaurant devoted to the sale of food and beverages to patrons either within an enclosed building, at a pickup counter, through a drive-through service lane and/or through a delivery service. All such facilities may offer their patrons the option to consume the food and beverages either inside the restaurant or at an off-site location.

A commercial establishment devoted to the sale of products and services to patrons within an enclosed building. Retail uses may include, but are not limited to, establishments selling food, groceries, beverages, clothing, business or office supplies, entertainment items, furniture, home improvement supplies, household products, personal care supplies, building supplies, sporting goods, equipment, machines, computers, electronics, pet supplies, medical supplies, agricultural supplies, automobile supplies, custom-made products and firearms. Such use may include as an accessory use an area used for manufacturing or assembly of the products sold on the premises, provided that such area is no greater than 35% of the gross floor area of the building.

A sign that revolves 360° about an axis.

The width or area of land which is dedicated or reserved to accommodate streets, utilities, stormwater management facilities, traffic control facilities, curbs, sidewalks, bicycle lanes, streetlights and other public improvements.

A sign erected on or above a roof or parapet of a building or structure.

The required plumbing fixtures within a dwelling unit, including a sink, toilet, bathtub or shower, which are functioning and compliant with the Caln Township Code.

A system designed to collect, convey, treat and dispose of sewage from users in compliance with local, county, state and federal regulations.

A device incorporating a reflective solid surface in the shape of a dish, cone or horn which is used to transmit and/or receive signals.

An assemblage of permissible materials which are strategically arranged so as to effectively block or obstruct the views between adjacent or adjoining properties from ground level to a height of six feet above grade level or as determined by the Zoning Officer.

An apartment building containing multiple residential dwelling units for persons who are 55 years of age and older which qualifies for the exemption to the prohibition against discrimination based on familial status found in Section 3607(b)(1) of the United States Fair Housing Act, 42 U.S.C. § 3607(b)(1), and the Housing for Older Persons Act of 1995[7] and the regulations promulgated thereunder. The facility may include accessory uses such as common kitchen facilities and dining areas, activity and meeting rooms, storage areas, recreation and exercise facilities, sundries store, administrative offices and/or a beauty/barber shop solely for the use of the residents and their invitees.

The setback requirements as established for any building or structure within the applicable zoning district for which it is located.

A deciduous tree which normally grows with a single trunk and has a canopy which screens and filters sunshine during specific seasons during the year.

The multiple use of a single property for a planned group of nonresidential uses, including retail use, personal services, offices, financial institutions, medical and dental clinics, restaurants, and similar planned uses, as determined by the Zoning Officer, and are owned and maintained by an individual, corporation, partnership or organization. All shopping centers shall be planned and designed as an integrated unit or converted as such with common off-street parking facilities, stormwater management facilities and utility services.

Any dwelling unit rented for the purpose of overnight lodging for a period of less than 30 days. The leasing of one or more bedrooms in a dwelling unit shall not be permitted as a short term rental.

A seasonal or occasional sale conducted on the sidewalk or outside of the front or side of the principal building or establishment, where goods are offered for sale to the public, provided that all such sales shall not exceed 60 cumulative days during the course of a calendar year.

Any permanent or temporary structure or part thereof or any device attached, painted or represented, directly or indirectly, on a structure or other outdoor surface that shall display or include any letter, word, insignia, flag or representation used as or which is in the nature of an advertisement, announcement, visual communication, direction or which is designed to attract the eye or bring the subject to the attention of the public.

The area of a sign shall be construed to include all lettering, wording, border trim or framing and accompanying designs and symbols, together with the background, whether open or enclosed, on which they are displayed, but not including any supporting framework and bracing which are incidental to the display itself. Where the sign consists of individual letters or symbols attached to a surface, building, wall or window, the area shall be determined by calculating the smallest rectangle which encompasses all of the letters and symbols used for the sign regardless of the actual shape created by the letters and symbols.

The height of the sign as measured from the ground elevation to the highest and lowest parts of the sign.

Any structure that supports or is capable of supporting a sign as defined in this chapter. A sign structure is permitted to be a single pole and is not required to be an integral part of the building.

A tall cylindrical structure that is located on a farm and is used to store crops for animal feed.

The ownership of a lot by one or more persons, whereas the ownership is separate and distinct from that of any adjoining land areas.

Topographic conditions in which the percentage of vertical to horizontal relief is computed utilizing standard rise over run calculations and/or as defined by this chapter of the Code.

A type of wireless communication facility (WCF) as specifically defined by the Federal Communications Commission in Part 1 of Title 47 of the Code of Federal Regulations.

The components and subsystems that, in combination, convert solar energy into electric energy suitable for use. The term is limited to photovoltaic solar power systems.

A structure used to collect energy from the sun which is utilized to convert and produce heat or electricity.

An electric generating facility whose main purpose is to generate and supply electricity and consists of one or more solar electric energy systems and other accessory structures and buildings, including substations, electrical infrastructure, transmission lines and other appurtenant structures and facilities. Such facilities shall not include solar electric energy systems which are built as an accessory use to supply energy for the principal use of the property.

A structure containing one or more receptive cells, the purpose of which is to convert solar energy into usable electrical energy by way of a solar electrical energy system.

Items including a solar photovoltaic cell, panel or array, lines, mounting brackets, framing and foundations used for or intended to be used for collection of solar energy.

A solar collection system consisting of one or more building and/or ground mounted systems, solar photovoltaic cells, panels or arrays and solar-related equipment that rely upon solar radiation as an energy source for collection, inversion, storage and distribution of solar energy for electricity generation. A solar PV system is a generation system with a nameplate capacity of not greater than 50 kilowatts if installed at a residential service or not larger than 3,000 kilowatts at other customer service locations and do not produce excess on-site energy greater than currently permitted by Pennsylvania Public Utility Commission guidelines.

Structural/architectural element that provides protection from weather that includes awnings, canopies, porches or sunshades and that is constructed with the primary covering consisting of solar PV modules, and may or may not include additional solar PV related equipment.

The legal consultant appointed by the Caln Township Board of Commissioners.

Waste, including solid, liquid, semisolid or contained gaseous materials.

A site in which engineering principles are utilized to bury, dispose, reduce, eliminate and/or incinerate deposits of solid waste without creating public health or safety hazards, nuisances, pollution or environmental degradation. All such facilities may include sanitary landfills, solid waste landfills, low level radioactive waste disposal facilities, resource recovery facilities, recycling centers and transfer stations.

An establishment which provides a formal setting for special occasions such as weddings, wedding receptions, birthday parties, anniversary parties, graduation parties, retirement parties, family reunions, charitable benefits, and other special events, and which may provide food and beverage service for event attendees. A special event venue may include a permanent building, other permanent or temporary structures, and outdoor event spaces.

A use by which the Zoning Hearing Board may grant permission to an applicant within a particular zoning district for the occupancy or use of land or water for a specific purpose, as specified within this chapter of the Code.

Any tree considered to be of specimen quality as determined by a Pennsylvania registered landscape architect, certified arborist, or horticulturist, or which generally falls within the parameters included in the table below. The examples of specimen trees in the table below are intended to provide general guidelines and examples of what constitutes a specimen tree and are not considered all-inclusive for the purpose of defining specimen vegetation.

A building or structure in which horses, lamas, donkeys and other similar animals are kept for remuneration, hire, sale or other lawful uses.

The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and its designated agencies.

Camouflaging methods that are used in the installation of wireless communications towers, antennae and other facilities which render them more visually appealing or blend the proposed facility into the existing structure or visual backdrop in such a manner as to render it minimally visible to the casual observer. Such methods include, but are not limited to, architecturally screened roof-mounted antennae, building-mounted antennae painted to match the existing structure and facilities constructed to resemble trees, shrubs, flag poles and light poles.

Those areas of land which have a range of slope of 15% or greater in predevelopment condition. Steep slopes are divided into two categories:

A tall tapering structure narrowing to a point on the top that is located on the roof of or is part of the superstructure of a church or other place of worship.

Drainage runoff from the surface of the land resulting from precipitation in the form of rain, snow, sleet, hail or ice.

A program of controls and measures designed to regulate the quantity and quality of stormwater runoff from a defined area or development while promoting the protection and conservation of surface water, groundwater and groundwater recharge.

Those controls and measures, including, but not limited to, berms, terraces, bridges, dams, storm sewers, basins, infiltration systems, swales, watercourses and floodplains, used to implement stormwater management regulations.

That portion of a building included between the upper surface of a floor and the upper surface of the floor or roof next above, including basements and mezzanines, and as further defined by the appropriate building codes adopted by Caln Township.

A public or private right-of-way, excluding driveways, intended as a means of vehicular and pedestrian travel, furnishing access to abutting properties. The word "street" includes thoroughfare, avenue, boulevard, court, drive, expressway, highway and similar terms. The functional classification of all existing streets has been defined in the Comprehensive Plan.

The lot dimension measured along the street line or right-of-way line of any one street or highway abutting a lot.

The dividing line between a lot and the outside boundary of a public street, road or highway right-of-way legally open or officially mapped by a municipality or higher governmental authority, between a lot and the outside boundary of a street shown on a recorded subdivision or land development plan or between a lot and a private street or road.

Any man-made object having an ascertainable stationary location on or in land or water, whether or not affixed to the land. The term "structure" shall include, but not limited to, buildings, signs, fences, walls, towers, swimming pools, porches, garages, flagpoles, windmills, water towers, silos, solar energy collectors and similar structures.

The division or redivision of a lot, tract or parcel of land by any means into two or more lots, tracts, parcels or other divisions of land, including changes in existing lot lines for the purpose, whether immediate or future, of lease, partition by the court for distribution to heirs or devisees, transfer of ownership or building or lot development. The subdivision by lease of land for agricultural purposes into parcels of more than 10 acres, not involving any new street or easement of access or any residential dwelling, shall be exempted.

The Caln Township Subdivision and Land Development Ordinance, also identified as "Chapter 137 of the Caln Township Code."

Damage of any origin sustained by a structure whereby the cost of restoring the structure to its previous condition would equal or exceed 50% of the market value before the damage occurred.

Any repair, addition, reconstruction, rehabilitation or other improvement to a structure whereby the cost of such improvement equals or exceeds 50% of the market value of the structure before the improvements occurred.

1) Any increase in the height of a wireless support structure by more than 10%, or by the height of one additional antenna array with separation from the nearest existing antenna not to exceed 20 feet, whichever is greater, except that the mounting of the proposed wireless communications facility may exceed the size limits set forth herein if necessary to avoid interference with existing antennas; or 2) any further increase in the height of a wireless support structure which has already been extended by more than 10% of its originally approved height or by the height of one additional antenna array.

The extraction of minerals, rock and other products of the earth by activities conducted upon the surface of the land which require the removal of the overburden, strata or material overlying, above or between the minerals, rock and other products of the earth, or by otherwise exposing and retrieving the minerals from the surface. Mining activities carried out beneath the surface by means of shafts, tunnels or other underground mine openings are not included in this definition.

An individual registered with the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania as authorized to measure the boundaries of tracts of land, establish locations and perform the requirements of a survey.

Any structure intended for swimming or recreational bathing that contains water over 24 inches deep, including in-ground swimming pools, aboveground swimming pools, hot tubs and similar structures, which are further defined and regulated within the Caln Township Code.

The science or technology of communications by electronic transmission of impulses as by telegraph, cable, cellular, telephone, radio, television, microwave, earth station broadcast/cable television communications and other similar technology not otherwise enumerated and as may evolve after enactment of this chapter.

A structure, building, tower, antenna and other types of facilities utilized as primary, or accessory uses for telecommunications. The following sub-definitions of telecommunications facilities are provided as follows:

A type of non-permanent sign that is located on private property that can be displayed for no more than 30 consecutive days at one time.

Any structure that is used for the purpose of supporting one or more antennae, including, but not limited to, self-supporting lattice towers, guy towers and monopoles, utility poles and light poles. DAS hub facilities are considered to be tower-based WCFs.

Caln Township, Chester County, Pennsylvania.

The Caln Township Engineer.

A number of photovoltaic modules mounted such that they track the movement of the sun across the sky to maximize energy production, either with a single-axis or dual-axis mechanism.

One or more lots assembled for the purposes of subdivision or land development.

The gross tract area minus the sum of constrained land, in accordance with Article VI for mixed-use village development and § 155-64 for conservation subdivision design development.

The total amount of land contained within the limits of the legally described property lines bounding the development tract.

A commercial school carried on as a business, for the vocational teaching and training of a trade or skill.

The temporary passing or crossing from one thing or person to another, or from place to place, provided the passing or crossing is temporary and not permanent.

An area of land, together with building, which can accommodate the transfer of cargo and freight with trucks or other motor vehicles.

The specific purpose for which land, a sign, structure or building is designed, arranged or intended, or for which it may be occupied or maintained, or any activity, occupation, business or operation which may be carried on thereon or therein.

A service, facility, apparatus or use which provides electric, telephone, cable, sewer, water, natural gas and similar utility services to customers within a defined service area, grid, neighborhood region or municipality.

Relief granted by the Zoning Hearing Board from the terms and conditions of this chapter where literal enforcement would create unnecessary hardship and when granting of the relief would not be contrary to the public interest.

Any motor vehicle utilized for any lawful use which is properly licensed and inspected in accordance with all local, state and federal laws.

A sign affixed or painted on a vehicle, trailer or similar device.

A professional use operated by a doctor of veterinary medicine used for the diagnosis, care and treatment of small domesticated animals, including dogs, cats, reptiles and birds, which may include the provision for a medical laboratory, operating theater and overnight boarding accommodations.

A use which provides facilities or locations where persons assemble for the purpose of any activity involving lawful gambling or wagering, including, but not limited to, bingo, games of chance, thoroughbred racing, harness racing or other lawful activities, games and devices at which money or other valuable items may be played for, stacked or betted upon in accordance with certain rules and regulations, whereas, a reward, win or loss may occur as a result of the activity. All such wagering or gambling establishments shall comply with all pertinent operational requirements and laws of Caln Township and the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.

A building mounted sign which is either attached to, displayed on, or painted on an exterior wall in a manner parallel with the wall surface. A sign installed on a false or mansard roof is also considered a wall sign.

A building or group of buildings primarily utilized for storage, transfer, loading and unloading of certain products or commodities, but shall not include retail uses or trucking or motor freight, unless such use is specifically permitted in that district.

A material whose original purpose has been completed and which is directed to a disposal or processing facility or is otherwise disposed. The term "waste" shall also include and apply to waste considered as either hazardous, contaminated, toxic, residual, municipal or recyclable, as defined by the PA DEP and/or the Environmental Protection Agency.

A system designed to transmit water from the source to users in compliance with the requirements of the appropriate state agencies and the Township.

A permanent or intermittent stream, river, brook, run, channel, swale, pond, lake or other body of surface water carrying or holding water, whether natural or artificial.

The total land area where water drains into a particular watercourse.

The transitional area extending a specified distance from the outer limit of the wetland, which serves as a buffer to protect the wetland.

Those areas that are inundated or saturated by surface or groundwater at a frequency and duration sufficient to support, and that under normal circumstances do support, a prevalence of vegetation typically adapted for life in saturated soil conditions. Wetlands generally include swamps, marshes, bogs and similar areas. The major characteristics of wetlands include vegetation, soil and hydrology.

Sales that primarily involve large transactions of commodities to other business and their agents and not to the general public.

A machine that is worked by the wind by means of vanes that radiate from a central shaft which is used to produce energy or perform work.

Any sign that is applied, painted, or affixed to a window, or placed inside a window, with its message intended to be visible to and readable from the public way or from adjacent property.

A restaurant that includes the making of wine beverages of alcoholic and/or non-alcoholic content primarily intended for sale or consumption on the premises in accordance with local and state laws.

An area of land in which 1/4 or more contiguous acres are mostly occupied or covered by mature trees (six inches in caliper). The area of the woodlands shall be measured from the outermost dripline of the trees.

The clear cutting of mature trees (six inches or more in caliper) to provide area for development on an individual lot.

Interior forest areas, old growth forests, woodlands within a riparian buffer area, woodlands within a wetland buffer, or woodlands within a Core Habitat Area delineated by the Pennsylvania Natural Heritage Program or other habitat area determined to support rare, threatened, or endangered species.

An open space on the same lot with a structure (or a group of structures) which lies between the structure (or a group of structures) and a lot line.

The Caln Township Zoning Hearing Board, as established by the Board of Commissioners to hear matters in accordance with this chapter.

The Caln Township Zoning Map.

The agent or official designated by the governing body to administer and enforce this chapter.

The Caln Township Zoning Ordinance, Chapter 155 of the Caln Township Code, as amended.