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Clarkdale City Zoning Code

CHAPTER 9

LANDSCAPE DESIGN STANDARDS

Section 9-010 Intent

The Town of Clarkdale encourages an integrated approach to landscape design. The following standards provide direction towards the production of a viable, attractive landscape design developed in consideration of the existing environment and climatic challenges of our unique area.

Principles of landscape design standards:

A. Preserve and enhance the natural beauty and environment;

B. Mitigate the impacts of parking and other vehicular areas;

C. Ensure safety;

D. Minimize the effects of temperature extremes, noise, pollution, wind and glare;

E. Promote water and energy conservation;

F. Provide a buffer between land uses;

G. Soften and complement new and existing structures;

H. Enhance quality of life.

Landscaping may include a mix of vegetation (trees, shrubs and decorative accent plants) and surface treatments such as permeable surfaces, boulders and hardscape. (Revised by Ordinance #438 on 12/10/24; effective 1/10/25; Revised by Resolution #1599 on 4/9/19; effective 5/10/19; Revised by Ordinance #396 on 4/9/19; effective 5/10/19; prior code § 9-1)

Section 9-020 Applicability

Landscaping is required for all new buildings and uses of land, redevelopment of buildings and land, except for single-family residences or accessory structures for residential use.

This chapter may be applied, in whole or part, to planned area development projects.

Per Section 11-020A1, a landscape plan shall be provided for all projects subject to design review requirements.

Alterations to existing multi-family, commercial and industrial sites and buildings will require a review regarding compliance with this code. If there are deficiencies, staff will work with the applicant to bring properties into compliance. (Revised by Resolution #1599 on 4/9/19; effective 5/10/19; Revised by Ordinance #396 on 4/9/19; effective 5/10/19; prior code § 9-2)

Section 9-030 Basic Requirements

A. Surface areas of a project not used for buildings, drives, parking or permitted outside uses shall be landscaped, retained in their natural state or revegetated.

B. Any portions of a site disturbed by site preparation and/or construction, especially cut or fill slopes, shall be landscaped or revegetated. A minimum of four (4) inches of topsoil is to be placed on the disturbed area.

C. Landscape areas may include organic and inorganic materials as approved through design review and/or Community Development Director.

D. Preservation and reuse of viable native vegetation existing on the site is strongly encouraged.

E. Plant materials used shall be primarily native or drought tolerant.

F. The majority of each design plan must incorporate xeriscape concepts, including:

1. Use of mulch;

2. Installation of a drip system;

3. Use of drought tolerant plants;

4. Use of permeable ground cover;

5. Incorporation of shade.

G. Landscape must be suitable to the terrain.

H. The landscape design must account for site drainage and pedestrian/bicycle traffic.

I. Design should promote bicycle traffic where applicable.

J. Landscape design must incorporate energy and water conservation concepts.

K. Landscaping must be installed prior to issuance of a certificate of occupancy or receiving a final inspection from the Town of Clarkdale or the owner shall provide the Town with financial assurances, or other legal instrument acceptable to the Community Development Director, in sufficient amount, as evidenced by a written estimate from a licensed landscape architect or contractor, to complete one hundred percent (100%) of the landscaping.

L. All landscaping, irrigation and other site work shall be installed as shown on the approved landscape and irrigation plans. (Revised by Ordinance #438 on 12/10/24; effective 1/10/25; Revised by Resolution #1621 on 2/25/20; Revised by Ordinance #403 on 2/25/20; effective 3/26/20; Revised by Resolution #1599 on 4/9/19; effective 5/10/19; Revised by Ordinance #396 on 4/9/19; effective 5/10/19; prior code § 9-3)

Section 9-040 Sustainable Design

Sustainable design concepts such as the following are desirable and should be incorporated into the landscape plan as much as possible:

A. Good soil preparation;

B. Use of mulch;

C. Use of sunken tree basins;

D. Use of low water-use drought tolerant plants;

E. Use of efficient irrigation design;

F. Incorporation of passive water harvesting concepts;

G. Planting of symbiotic groupings of native species;

H. Incorporation of shade over public areas such as sidewalks, bikeways and parking lots;

I. Use of shade to mitigate the impact of sun and wind on structures and public areas.

In addition, projects are urged to consider implementing active water harvesting and storage as an offset to groundwater pumping. General design information and site-specific design guidelines are available from the Community Development Department at the Town. (Created by Resolution #1599 on 4/9/19; effective 5/10/19; Created by Ordinance #396 on 4/9/19; effective 5/10/19)

Section 9-050 Buffering

A. Buffering is required between nonresidential uses adjacent to existing or projected residential uses, and between multifamily or alternative living facilities and existing or projected single-family uses, or where there is a transition from one (1) type of use to another use and for screening of mechanical equipment, service or storage areas.

B. The buffering may consist of landscape screening, solid walls, or a combination.

1. Buffering must be designed to provide a year-round visual screen in order to minimize adverse impacts. It may consist of fencing, block, evergreens, berms, rocks, boulders, or a combination thereof.

2. A development must provide sufficient buffering when topographical or other barriers do not provide reasonable screening and where there is a need to:

a. Shield neighboring properties from any adverse external effects of the development; or

b. Shield the development from the negative impacts of adjacent uses.

c. The buffer strip must soften the appearance of the site from the road and must create defined access and egress points.

C. The width of the buffer strip must increase with the setback of the building as follows:

1. Less than 50 feet: 10 feet wide.

2. Fifty to 74 feet: 15 feet wide.

3. Seventy-five to 99 feet: 20 feet wide.

4. One hundred feet or more: 25 feet wide.

D. Where the buffer cannot be achieved, a low wall, fence, or hedge may be used to create the buffer. averaging of the buffer area is permitted as long as the minimum of 10 feet is achieved. (Revised by Resolution #1621 on 2/25/20; Revised by Ordinance #403 on 2/25/20; effective 3/26/20; Renumbered by Resolution #1599 on 4/9/19; effective 5/10/19; Renumbered by Ordinance #396 on 4/9/19; effective 5/10/19; prior code § 9-4. Formerly 9-040)

Section 9-060 Irrigation and Maintenance

A. An irrigation system plan shall be submitted as part of a building permit. The plan shall incorporate WaterSense (an EPA program) best management practices, such as including a weather-based irrigation controller with rain sensors and automatic shut-off valves during rain events. The plan shall also include an estimated shut-off date after the landscaping has been established to be inscribed in the irrigation system control panel.

B. The developer and subsequent owners shall be responsible for maintaining the landscaping as shown on the approved plan. Maintenance shall include regular irrigation, weeding, fertilizing and pruning. This includes landscaping in a public right-of-way.

C. Dead plants shall be replaced within one hundred eighty (180) days of discovery or by the next planting season during the two (2) year period after issuance of a certificate of occupancy or final approval of a project.

D. Areas left in their natural state must be monitored on a regular basis and any trash and debris removed immediately. (Renumbered by Resolution #1599 on 4/9/19; effective 5/10/19; Renumbered by Ordinance #396 on 4/9/19; effective 5/10/19; prior code § 9-5. Formerly 9-050)

Section 9-070 Minimum Plant Size

Trees shall be a minimum of a fifteen (15) gallon size and/or three (3) feet minimum in height and roots shall be in healthy condition. Deciduous trees used to fulfill screening requirements shall be a minimum of six (6) feet in height. Evergreen trees used to fulfill screening requirements shall be a minimum of four (4) feet in height. (Created by Resolution #1599 on 4/9/19; effective 5/10/19; Created by Ordinance #396 on 4/9/19; effective 5/10/19)

Section 9-080 Restricted Planting Areas

A. Sight Distance Triangles.

1. At the intersection of two (2) streets, or at the intersection of a street and an alley, a triangle measuring thirty (30) feet in length along the curb lines or edge of roadway or alley from the point of intersections shall be left unobstructed.

2. At the intersection of a street and a driveway a triangle measuring twenty (20) feet along the curb line or roadway edge and the edge of the driveway from the point of intersection, and connecting diagonally, shall be left unobstructed.

3. Specific visibility triangle requirements for the intersections shall be determined through application of the Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices Standards or by the Town Engineer.

4. Landscape materials shall not exceed a height of thirty-six (36) inches above the grade of the roadway or driveway within the sight distance triangle.

5. Trees in the sight distance triangle shall have a minimum eight (8) feet of clearance between the lowest limbs of the tree and the roadway. (Renumbered by Resolution #1599 on 4/9/19; effective 5/10/19; Renumbered by Ordinance #396 on 4/9/19; effective 5/10/19; prior code § 9-6. Formerly 9-060)

Section 9-090 Parking Areas

A. Parking lot landscaping shall be included as part of the overall landscape design.

B. An area or combination of areas equal to ten percent (10%) of the total parking lot area shall be landscaped.

C. All islands in parking areas shall include vegetation. Trees in islands shall have a minimum eight (8) feet of clearance from the ground to the canopy.

D. A landscape buffer is required around the perimeter of any parking area adjacent to the street or a residentially zoned property. (Renumbered by Resolution #1599 on 4/9/19; effective 5/10/19; Renumbered by Ordinance #396 on 4/9/19; effective 5/10/19; prior code § 9-7. Formerly 9-070)

Section 9-100 Minimum Landscaping as a Percentage of Lot Area for New Construction

A. Multi-Family Projects.

1. Thirty percent (30%) of the total lot size shall be landscaped.

2. A minimum fifteen (15) foot wide strip of land area adjacent to the street right-of-way shall be landscaped.

B. Commercial Projects.

1. Thirty percent (30%) of total lot size shall be landscaped.

2. A minimum fifteen (15) foot wide strip of land area adjacent to the street right-of-way shall be landscaped.

C. Industrial Projects.

1. Fifteen percent (15%) of total lot size or a minimum fifteen (15) foot wide strip of land adjacent to the street right-of-way shall be landscaped as determined during application review with staff and during design review. (Revised by Ordinance #438 on 12/10/24; effective 1/10/25; Revised by Ordinance #427 on 8/13/24; effective 9/14/24; Renumbered by Resolution #1599 on 4/9/19; effective 5/10/19; Renumbered by Ordinance #396 on 4/9/19; effective 5/10/19; prior code § 9-9. Formerly 9-090)

Section 9-110 Compliance Regulations

A. The Town reserves the right to conduct compliance inspections.

B. All landscaping, irrigation and other site work shall be installed as shown on the approved landscape and irrigation plans.

C. Replacement of dead materials is required within one hundred eighty (180) days of discovery or by the next planting season.

D. Regular maintenance of all landscape areas is required. Failure to properly maintain the property is subject to the penalties outlined in Section 13-030. (Created by Resolution #1599 on 4/9/19; effective 5/10/19; Created by Ordinance #396 on 4/9/19; effective 5/10/19)

Section 9-120 Director Discretion

The Community Development Director may recommend a waiver or modification to the Landscape Design Code that supports sustainable development prior to the application moving forward to the Design Review Board. The Design Review Board may accept, reject or modify the Director’s recommendation.

Modifications to an approved landscape design plan determined to be minor may be allowed by the Community Development Director.

The Community Development Director has the discretion to waive the application of this chapter upon a finding that application of the requirements would reduce the fair market value of the property. (Created by Resolution #1599 on 4/9/19; effective 5/10/19; Created by Ordinance #396 on 4/9/19; effective 5/10/19)

Section 9-130 Approved Plant List

Native Shrubs and Bushes

Common Name

(Botanical Name)

Size

Water Demand

Notes

Barberry (Algerita)

(Berberis haematocarpa)

3-10'

Low

Catclaw Acacia

(Senegalia greggii)

4-10'

Very low

Common shrub or small tree

Beargrass

(Nolina microcarpa)

4-6'

Very low

Agave family, high stalks, high slopes

Cliffrose

(Purshia subintegra)

3-6'

Very low

Dry, rocky steep slopes

Creosote Bush

(Larrea tridentata)

4-8'

Very low

Roots emit repellents

Feather Dalea

(Dalea formosa)

1-2'

Very low

Dry, rocky slopes

Graythorn

(Ziziphus obtusifolia)

6-10'

Very low

Riparian edge, grasslands, bird habitat

Manzanita (Pointleaf)

(Arctostaphylos pungens)

4-6'

Very low

Dry hillsides above 4,000'

Mesquite (Velvet)

(Prosopis velutina)

10-25'

Low

Washes, riparian edges below 4,000'

Mountain Mahogany

(Cercocarpus montanus)

15'

Very low

High slopes

Mormon Tea

(Ephedra viridis)

2-6'

Very low

Dry soil

Ocotillo

(Fouquieria splendens)

8-15'

Very low

Steep hillsides, needs drainage

Shrub Live Oak (Scrub)

(Quercus turbinella)

6-10'

Very low

High slopes, dry washes

Four-Wing Salt Bush

(Atriplex canescens)

4-6'

Very low

Common wildlife habitat

Broom Snakeweed

(Gutierrezia sarothrae)

2-4'

Very low

Common. Over-grazed areas

Sugar Sumac

(Rhus avata)

2-15'

Very low

Part shade, dry slopes

Winter Fat

(Krascheninnikovia)

2-3'

Very low

Open rangeland

Adaptive Shrubs and Bushes

Common Name

(Botanical Name)

Size

Water Demand

Notes

Angel’s Hair

(Artemisia schmidtiana)

2"

Very low

Fine silver leaves

Arizona Rosewood

(Vauquelinia californica)

8'

Low when est.

Evergreen

Australian Laurel

(Pittosporum tobira)

6-15'

Low

Autumn Sage

(Salvia greggii)

2x2'

Low-mod

Water demand is dependent on sun exposure

Bird of Paradise Bush

(Erythrostemon gilliesii)

4-6'

Low

Tree variant, 12' – aka Caesalpinia gilliesii

Butterfly (Fountain) Bush

(Buddleja alternifolia)

8-12'

Low

Long flower clusters

Cotoneaster, Spreading

(Cotoneaster)

5-6'

Low

Hardy deciduous – aka Cotoneaster divaricatus

Damianita

(Chrysactinia mexicana)

2x2'

Very low

Evergreen, yellow flowers spring and fall

Dusty Miller

(Artemisia stelleriana)

2-3'

Low

Evergreen shrub

Flame Honeysuckle

(Anisacanthus quadrifidus)

3-4'

Low

Deciduous, orange/red flowers late summer/fall

Heavenly Bamboo

(Nandina domestica)

6-8'

Low

Some water, shade

Juniper (Chinese)

(Juniperus chinensis)

2-15'

Very low

Evergreen

Juniper (Savin)

(Juniperus sabina)

2-4'

Very low

Evergreen

Photinia (Chinese)

(Photinia serrulata)

6-12'

Low

Water to establish

Pyracantha (Firethorn)

(Pyracantha coccinea)

6-12'

Low

Trains to fence

Rosemary

(Rosemarinus officinalis)

2-6'

Very low

Needs drainage

Santolina

(Santolina virens)

1-2'

Very low

Evergreen, good ground cover

Texas Sage

(Leucophyllum frutescens)

3-8'

Very low

Semi-evergreen, many variations

Turpentine Bush

(Ericameria laricifolia)

2-3'

Very low

Evergreen, yellow flowers in fall

Viburnum (various)

(Viburnum lantana)

4-12'

Low-mod

Deciduous, partial sun

Xylosma

(Xylosma congestum)

8-10'

Low

Heat tolerant

Native Trees

Common Name

(Botanical Name)

Size

Water Demand

Notes

Arizona Ash (Velvet)

(Fraxinus velutina)

30-40'

Mod

Riparian, aggressive root

Arizona Cypress

(Cupressus arizonica)

30-40'

Very low

Evergreen, dry soils

Netleaf Hackberry

(Celtis reticulara)

20-30'

Low

Riparian edge

Juniper (One-Seed)

(Juniperus monosperma)

15-35'

Very low

Evergreen, dry mesas, hillsides

Juniper (Utah)

(Juniperus osteosperma)

15-30'

Very low

Evergreen, one main trunk, dry areas

Mesquite (Velvet)

(Prosopis velutina)

10-25'

Low

Washes, riparian edges below 4,000'

Oak (Emory or Live)

(Quercus emoryi)

20-50'

Low

Evergreen, lower slopes

Oak (Gambel)

(Quercus gambelii)

20-50'

Low

Deciduous, typically above 5,000'

Oak (Sonoran)

(Quercus turbinella)

6-10'

Very low

Deciduous, high slopes, dry washes. Aka Shrub Live Oak, others

Willow (Desert)

(Chilopsis linearis)

10-25'

Low-mod

Riparian edge, washes

Willow (Goodding)

(Salix gooddingii)

30-50'

Mod

Deciduous, riparian, invasive roots

Willow (Globe)

(Salix matsudana)

20-30'

Mod

Deciduous

Adaptive Trees

Common Name

(Botanical Name)

Size

Water Demand

Notes

Cedar (Deodar)

(Cedrus deodara)

60-80'

Very low

Evergreen, check varieties

Chaste Tree

(Vitex agnus-castus)

3-16'

Low-mod

Purple flower

Chinaberry

(Melia azedarach)

30-50'

Low

Grows in poor soil

Crabapple (Flowering)

(Malus)

6-30'

Low-mod

Check available local varieties

Honeylocust (Thornless)

(Gleditsia triacanthos)

35-70'

Low

Deciduous, good street trees

Little Leaf Ash

(Fraxinus greggii)

8-10'

Mod

Semi-evergreen, slow, prune to tree

Locust (Idaho)

(Robinia idahoensis)

30-40'

Very low

Deciduous, aggressive roots

Oak (Southern Live)

(Quercus virginiana)

40'

Low

Deep rooted

Pine (Aleppo)

(Pinus halepensis)

30-60'

Low

Evergreen, hardy to heat, aridity, wind

Pine (Pinion Nut)

(Pinus edulis)

10-35'

Very low

Evergreen, hardy in desert mountains

Pine (Afghan)

(Pinus eldarica)

30-50'

Low

Evergreen, now “Pinus brutia” – fast growing

Plum (Flowering)

(Prunus varieties)

20-30'

Mod

Deciduous, requires maintenance

Raywood Ash

(Fraxinus angustifolia)

60-100'

Mod

Fast growing

Cacti and Succulents

Common Name

(Botanical Name)

Size

Water Demand

Notes

Century Plant

(Agave parryi)

3'

Very low

Tall flower stalk

Cholla (Plateau)

(Cylindropuntia whipplei)

2-4'

Very low

Long, branching sections

Claret Cup

(Echinocereus triglochidiatus)

1-2'

Very low

Dense mounds of stems

Fendler Hedgehog

(Echinocereus fendleri)

6"-1'

Very low

Small clumps, rocky

Prickly Pear (Desert)

(Opuntia phaeacantha)

2-5'

Very low

Dry hillsides

Tonto Basin Agave

(Agave delamateri)

2-3'

Very low

Extremely rare plant. Flower spikes may reach 20 feet.

Yucca (Banana)

(Yucca baccata)

2-3'

Very low

Dense flower clusters

Yucca (Soaptree)

(Yucca elata)

2-15'

Very low

Tall single trunk

Recommended Decorative Plants

Common Name

(Botanical Name)

Water Demand

Notes

Desert Marigold

(Baileya multiradiata)

Low

Biennial

Tufted Evening Primrose

(Oenothera caespitosa)

Low

Perennial – maximum height of 4 inches

Penstemon (Variety of species)

Low

Perennial – may reach 6 feet in height

Shades range from light pink to vivid red

Angelita Daisy

(Hymenoxus acaulis)

Low

Blue Flax

(Linum lewisii)

Low

Desert Globe Mallow

(Sphaeralcea ambigua)

Low

Blue Gamma Grass

(Bouteloua gracilis)

Low

Limited maintenance

Desert Lavender

(Hyptis emoryi)

Low

Favored by honeybees

(Renumbered by Resolution #1599 on 4/9/19; effective 5/10/19; Renumbered by Ordinance #396 on 4/9/19; effective 5/10/19; prior code § 9-8. Formerly 9-080)

Section 9-010 Intent

The Town of Clarkdale encourages an integrated approach to landscape design. The following standards provide direction towards the production of a viable, attractive landscape design developed in consideration of the existing environment and climatic challenges of our unique area.

Principles of landscape design standards:

A. Preserve and enhance the natural beauty and environment;

B. Mitigate the impacts of parking and other vehicular areas;

C. Ensure safety;

D. Minimize the effects of temperature extremes, noise, pollution, wind and glare;

E. Promote water and energy conservation;

F. Provide a buffer between land uses;

G. Soften and complement new and existing structures;

H. Enhance quality of life.

Landscaping may include a mix of vegetation (trees, shrubs and decorative accent plants) and surface treatments such as permeable surfaces, boulders and hardscape. (Revised by Ordinance #438 on 12/10/24; effective 1/10/25; Revised by Resolution #1599 on 4/9/19; effective 5/10/19; Revised by Ordinance #396 on 4/9/19; effective 5/10/19; prior code § 9-1)

Section 9-020 Applicability

Landscaping is required for all new buildings and uses of land, redevelopment of buildings and land, except for single-family residences or accessory structures for residential use.

This chapter may be applied, in whole or part, to planned area development projects.

Per Section 11-020A1, a landscape plan shall be provided for all projects subject to design review requirements.

Alterations to existing multi-family, commercial and industrial sites and buildings will require a review regarding compliance with this code. If there are deficiencies, staff will work with the applicant to bring properties into compliance. (Revised by Resolution #1599 on 4/9/19; effective 5/10/19; Revised by Ordinance #396 on 4/9/19; effective 5/10/19; prior code § 9-2)

Section 9-030 Basic Requirements

A. Surface areas of a project not used for buildings, drives, parking or permitted outside uses shall be landscaped, retained in their natural state or revegetated.

B. Any portions of a site disturbed by site preparation and/or construction, especially cut or fill slopes, shall be landscaped or revegetated. A minimum of four (4) inches of topsoil is to be placed on the disturbed area.

C. Landscape areas may include organic and inorganic materials as approved through design review and/or Community Development Director.

D. Preservation and reuse of viable native vegetation existing on the site is strongly encouraged.

E. Plant materials used shall be primarily native or drought tolerant.

F. The majority of each design plan must incorporate xeriscape concepts, including:

1. Use of mulch;

2. Installation of a drip system;

3. Use of drought tolerant plants;

4. Use of permeable ground cover;

5. Incorporation of shade.

G. Landscape must be suitable to the terrain.

H. The landscape design must account for site drainage and pedestrian/bicycle traffic.

I. Design should promote bicycle traffic where applicable.

J. Landscape design must incorporate energy and water conservation concepts.

K. Landscaping must be installed prior to issuance of a certificate of occupancy or receiving a final inspection from the Town of Clarkdale or the owner shall provide the Town with financial assurances, or other legal instrument acceptable to the Community Development Director, in sufficient amount, as evidenced by a written estimate from a licensed landscape architect or contractor, to complete one hundred percent (100%) of the landscaping.

L. All landscaping, irrigation and other site work shall be installed as shown on the approved landscape and irrigation plans. (Revised by Ordinance #438 on 12/10/24; effective 1/10/25; Revised by Resolution #1621 on 2/25/20; Revised by Ordinance #403 on 2/25/20; effective 3/26/20; Revised by Resolution #1599 on 4/9/19; effective 5/10/19; Revised by Ordinance #396 on 4/9/19; effective 5/10/19; prior code § 9-3)

Section 9-040 Sustainable Design

Sustainable design concepts such as the following are desirable and should be incorporated into the landscape plan as much as possible:

A. Good soil preparation;

B. Use of mulch;

C. Use of sunken tree basins;

D. Use of low water-use drought tolerant plants;

E. Use of efficient irrigation design;

F. Incorporation of passive water harvesting concepts;

G. Planting of symbiotic groupings of native species;

H. Incorporation of shade over public areas such as sidewalks, bikeways and parking lots;

I. Use of shade to mitigate the impact of sun and wind on structures and public areas.

In addition, projects are urged to consider implementing active water harvesting and storage as an offset to groundwater pumping. General design information and site-specific design guidelines are available from the Community Development Department at the Town. (Created by Resolution #1599 on 4/9/19; effective 5/10/19; Created by Ordinance #396 on 4/9/19; effective 5/10/19)

Section 9-050 Buffering

A. Buffering is required between nonresidential uses adjacent to existing or projected residential uses, and between multifamily or alternative living facilities and existing or projected single-family uses, or where there is a transition from one (1) type of use to another use and for screening of mechanical equipment, service or storage areas.

B. The buffering may consist of landscape screening, solid walls, or a combination.

1. Buffering must be designed to provide a year-round visual screen in order to minimize adverse impacts. It may consist of fencing, block, evergreens, berms, rocks, boulders, or a combination thereof.

2. A development must provide sufficient buffering when topographical or other barriers do not provide reasonable screening and where there is a need to:

a. Shield neighboring properties from any adverse external effects of the development; or

b. Shield the development from the negative impacts of adjacent uses.

c. The buffer strip must soften the appearance of the site from the road and must create defined access and egress points.

C. The width of the buffer strip must increase with the setback of the building as follows:

1. Less than 50 feet: 10 feet wide.

2. Fifty to 74 feet: 15 feet wide.

3. Seventy-five to 99 feet: 20 feet wide.

4. One hundred feet or more: 25 feet wide.

D. Where the buffer cannot be achieved, a low wall, fence, or hedge may be used to create the buffer. averaging of the buffer area is permitted as long as the minimum of 10 feet is achieved. (Revised by Resolution #1621 on 2/25/20; Revised by Ordinance #403 on 2/25/20; effective 3/26/20; Renumbered by Resolution #1599 on 4/9/19; effective 5/10/19; Renumbered by Ordinance #396 on 4/9/19; effective 5/10/19; prior code § 9-4. Formerly 9-040)

Section 9-060 Irrigation and Maintenance

A. An irrigation system plan shall be submitted as part of a building permit. The plan shall incorporate WaterSense (an EPA program) best management practices, such as including a weather-based irrigation controller with rain sensors and automatic shut-off valves during rain events. The plan shall also include an estimated shut-off date after the landscaping has been established to be inscribed in the irrigation system control panel.

B. The developer and subsequent owners shall be responsible for maintaining the landscaping as shown on the approved plan. Maintenance shall include regular irrigation, weeding, fertilizing and pruning. This includes landscaping in a public right-of-way.

C. Dead plants shall be replaced within one hundred eighty (180) days of discovery or by the next planting season during the two (2) year period after issuance of a certificate of occupancy or final approval of a project.

D. Areas left in their natural state must be monitored on a regular basis and any trash and debris removed immediately. (Renumbered by Resolution #1599 on 4/9/19; effective 5/10/19; Renumbered by Ordinance #396 on 4/9/19; effective 5/10/19; prior code § 9-5. Formerly 9-050)

Section 9-070 Minimum Plant Size

Trees shall be a minimum of a fifteen (15) gallon size and/or three (3) feet minimum in height and roots shall be in healthy condition. Deciduous trees used to fulfill screening requirements shall be a minimum of six (6) feet in height. Evergreen trees used to fulfill screening requirements shall be a minimum of four (4) feet in height. (Created by Resolution #1599 on 4/9/19; effective 5/10/19; Created by Ordinance #396 on 4/9/19; effective 5/10/19)

Section 9-080 Restricted Planting Areas

A. Sight Distance Triangles.

1. At the intersection of two (2) streets, or at the intersection of a street and an alley, a triangle measuring thirty (30) feet in length along the curb lines or edge of roadway or alley from the point of intersections shall be left unobstructed.

2. At the intersection of a street and a driveway a triangle measuring twenty (20) feet along the curb line or roadway edge and the edge of the driveway from the point of intersection, and connecting diagonally, shall be left unobstructed.

3. Specific visibility triangle requirements for the intersections shall be determined through application of the Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices Standards or by the Town Engineer.

4. Landscape materials shall not exceed a height of thirty-six (36) inches above the grade of the roadway or driveway within the sight distance triangle.

5. Trees in the sight distance triangle shall have a minimum eight (8) feet of clearance between the lowest limbs of the tree and the roadway. (Renumbered by Resolution #1599 on 4/9/19; effective 5/10/19; Renumbered by Ordinance #396 on 4/9/19; effective 5/10/19; prior code § 9-6. Formerly 9-060)

Section 9-090 Parking Areas

A. Parking lot landscaping shall be included as part of the overall landscape design.

B. An area or combination of areas equal to ten percent (10%) of the total parking lot area shall be landscaped.

C. All islands in parking areas shall include vegetation. Trees in islands shall have a minimum eight (8) feet of clearance from the ground to the canopy.

D. A landscape buffer is required around the perimeter of any parking area adjacent to the street or a residentially zoned property. (Renumbered by Resolution #1599 on 4/9/19; effective 5/10/19; Renumbered by Ordinance #396 on 4/9/19; effective 5/10/19; prior code § 9-7. Formerly 9-070)

Section 9-100 Minimum Landscaping as a Percentage of Lot Area for New Construction

A. Multi-Family Projects.

1. Thirty percent (30%) of the total lot size shall be landscaped.

2. A minimum fifteen (15) foot wide strip of land area adjacent to the street right-of-way shall be landscaped.

B. Commercial Projects.

1. Thirty percent (30%) of total lot size shall be landscaped.

2. A minimum fifteen (15) foot wide strip of land area adjacent to the street right-of-way shall be landscaped.

C. Industrial Projects.

1. Fifteen percent (15%) of total lot size or a minimum fifteen (15) foot wide strip of land adjacent to the street right-of-way shall be landscaped as determined during application review with staff and during design review. (Revised by Ordinance #438 on 12/10/24; effective 1/10/25; Revised by Ordinance #427 on 8/13/24; effective 9/14/24; Renumbered by Resolution #1599 on 4/9/19; effective 5/10/19; Renumbered by Ordinance #396 on 4/9/19; effective 5/10/19; prior code § 9-9. Formerly 9-090)

Section 9-110 Compliance Regulations

A. The Town reserves the right to conduct compliance inspections.

B. All landscaping, irrigation and other site work shall be installed as shown on the approved landscape and irrigation plans.

C. Replacement of dead materials is required within one hundred eighty (180) days of discovery or by the next planting season.

D. Regular maintenance of all landscape areas is required. Failure to properly maintain the property is subject to the penalties outlined in Section 13-030. (Created by Resolution #1599 on 4/9/19; effective 5/10/19; Created by Ordinance #396 on 4/9/19; effective 5/10/19)

Section 9-120 Director Discretion

The Community Development Director may recommend a waiver or modification to the Landscape Design Code that supports sustainable development prior to the application moving forward to the Design Review Board. The Design Review Board may accept, reject or modify the Director’s recommendation.

Modifications to an approved landscape design plan determined to be minor may be allowed by the Community Development Director.

The Community Development Director has the discretion to waive the application of this chapter upon a finding that application of the requirements would reduce the fair market value of the property. (Created by Resolution #1599 on 4/9/19; effective 5/10/19; Created by Ordinance #396 on 4/9/19; effective 5/10/19)

Section 9-130 Approved Plant List

Native Shrubs and Bushes

Common Name

(Botanical Name)

Size

Water Demand

Notes

Barberry (Algerita)

(Berberis haematocarpa)

3-10'

Low

Catclaw Acacia

(Senegalia greggii)

4-10'

Very low

Common shrub or small tree

Beargrass

(Nolina microcarpa)

4-6'

Very low

Agave family, high stalks, high slopes

Cliffrose

(Purshia subintegra)

3-6'

Very low

Dry, rocky steep slopes

Creosote Bush

(Larrea tridentata)

4-8'

Very low

Roots emit repellents

Feather Dalea

(Dalea formosa)

1-2'

Very low

Dry, rocky slopes

Graythorn

(Ziziphus obtusifolia)

6-10'

Very low

Riparian edge, grasslands, bird habitat

Manzanita (Pointleaf)

(Arctostaphylos pungens)

4-6'

Very low

Dry hillsides above 4,000'

Mesquite (Velvet)

(Prosopis velutina)

10-25'

Low

Washes, riparian edges below 4,000'

Mountain Mahogany

(Cercocarpus montanus)

15'

Very low

High slopes

Mormon Tea

(Ephedra viridis)

2-6'

Very low

Dry soil

Ocotillo

(Fouquieria splendens)

8-15'

Very low

Steep hillsides, needs drainage

Shrub Live Oak (Scrub)

(Quercus turbinella)

6-10'

Very low

High slopes, dry washes

Four-Wing Salt Bush

(Atriplex canescens)

4-6'

Very low

Common wildlife habitat

Broom Snakeweed

(Gutierrezia sarothrae)

2-4'

Very low

Common. Over-grazed areas

Sugar Sumac

(Rhus avata)

2-15'

Very low

Part shade, dry slopes

Winter Fat

(Krascheninnikovia)

2-3'

Very low

Open rangeland

Adaptive Shrubs and Bushes

Common Name

(Botanical Name)

Size

Water Demand

Notes

Angel’s Hair

(Artemisia schmidtiana)

2"

Very low

Fine silver leaves

Arizona Rosewood

(Vauquelinia californica)

8'

Low when est.

Evergreen

Australian Laurel

(Pittosporum tobira)

6-15'

Low

Autumn Sage

(Salvia greggii)

2x2'

Low-mod

Water demand is dependent on sun exposure

Bird of Paradise Bush

(Erythrostemon gilliesii)

4-6'

Low

Tree variant, 12' – aka Caesalpinia gilliesii

Butterfly (Fountain) Bush

(Buddleja alternifolia)

8-12'

Low

Long flower clusters

Cotoneaster, Spreading

(Cotoneaster)

5-6'

Low

Hardy deciduous – aka Cotoneaster divaricatus

Damianita

(Chrysactinia mexicana)

2x2'

Very low

Evergreen, yellow flowers spring and fall

Dusty Miller

(Artemisia stelleriana)

2-3'

Low

Evergreen shrub

Flame Honeysuckle

(Anisacanthus quadrifidus)

3-4'

Low

Deciduous, orange/red flowers late summer/fall

Heavenly Bamboo

(Nandina domestica)

6-8'

Low

Some water, shade

Juniper (Chinese)

(Juniperus chinensis)

2-15'

Very low

Evergreen

Juniper (Savin)

(Juniperus sabina)

2-4'

Very low

Evergreen

Photinia (Chinese)

(Photinia serrulata)

6-12'

Low

Water to establish

Pyracantha (Firethorn)

(Pyracantha coccinea)

6-12'

Low

Trains to fence

Rosemary

(Rosemarinus officinalis)

2-6'

Very low

Needs drainage

Santolina

(Santolina virens)

1-2'

Very low

Evergreen, good ground cover

Texas Sage

(Leucophyllum frutescens)

3-8'

Very low

Semi-evergreen, many variations

Turpentine Bush

(Ericameria laricifolia)

2-3'

Very low

Evergreen, yellow flowers in fall

Viburnum (various)

(Viburnum lantana)

4-12'

Low-mod

Deciduous, partial sun

Xylosma

(Xylosma congestum)

8-10'

Low

Heat tolerant

Native Trees

Common Name

(Botanical Name)

Size

Water Demand

Notes

Arizona Ash (Velvet)

(Fraxinus velutina)

30-40'

Mod

Riparian, aggressive root

Arizona Cypress

(Cupressus arizonica)

30-40'

Very low

Evergreen, dry soils

Netleaf Hackberry

(Celtis reticulara)

20-30'

Low

Riparian edge

Juniper (One-Seed)

(Juniperus monosperma)

15-35'

Very low

Evergreen, dry mesas, hillsides

Juniper (Utah)

(Juniperus osteosperma)

15-30'

Very low

Evergreen, one main trunk, dry areas

Mesquite (Velvet)

(Prosopis velutina)

10-25'

Low

Washes, riparian edges below 4,000'

Oak (Emory or Live)

(Quercus emoryi)

20-50'

Low

Evergreen, lower slopes

Oak (Gambel)

(Quercus gambelii)

20-50'

Low

Deciduous, typically above 5,000'

Oak (Sonoran)

(Quercus turbinella)

6-10'

Very low

Deciduous, high slopes, dry washes. Aka Shrub Live Oak, others

Willow (Desert)

(Chilopsis linearis)

10-25'

Low-mod

Riparian edge, washes

Willow (Goodding)

(Salix gooddingii)

30-50'

Mod

Deciduous, riparian, invasive roots

Willow (Globe)

(Salix matsudana)

20-30'

Mod

Deciduous

Adaptive Trees

Common Name

(Botanical Name)

Size

Water Demand

Notes

Cedar (Deodar)

(Cedrus deodara)

60-80'

Very low

Evergreen, check varieties

Chaste Tree

(Vitex agnus-castus)

3-16'

Low-mod

Purple flower

Chinaberry

(Melia azedarach)

30-50'

Low

Grows in poor soil

Crabapple (Flowering)

(Malus)

6-30'

Low-mod

Check available local varieties

Honeylocust (Thornless)

(Gleditsia triacanthos)

35-70'

Low

Deciduous, good street trees

Little Leaf Ash

(Fraxinus greggii)

8-10'

Mod

Semi-evergreen, slow, prune to tree

Locust (Idaho)

(Robinia idahoensis)

30-40'

Very low

Deciduous, aggressive roots

Oak (Southern Live)

(Quercus virginiana)

40'

Low

Deep rooted

Pine (Aleppo)

(Pinus halepensis)

30-60'

Low

Evergreen, hardy to heat, aridity, wind

Pine (Pinion Nut)

(Pinus edulis)

10-35'

Very low

Evergreen, hardy in desert mountains

Pine (Afghan)

(Pinus eldarica)

30-50'

Low

Evergreen, now “Pinus brutia” – fast growing

Plum (Flowering)

(Prunus varieties)

20-30'

Mod

Deciduous, requires maintenance

Raywood Ash

(Fraxinus angustifolia)

60-100'

Mod

Fast growing

Cacti and Succulents

Common Name

(Botanical Name)

Size

Water Demand

Notes

Century Plant

(Agave parryi)

3'

Very low

Tall flower stalk

Cholla (Plateau)

(Cylindropuntia whipplei)

2-4'

Very low

Long, branching sections

Claret Cup

(Echinocereus triglochidiatus)

1-2'

Very low

Dense mounds of stems

Fendler Hedgehog

(Echinocereus fendleri)

6"-1'

Very low

Small clumps, rocky

Prickly Pear (Desert)

(Opuntia phaeacantha)

2-5'

Very low

Dry hillsides

Tonto Basin Agave

(Agave delamateri)

2-3'

Very low

Extremely rare plant. Flower spikes may reach 20 feet.

Yucca (Banana)

(Yucca baccata)

2-3'

Very low

Dense flower clusters

Yucca (Soaptree)

(Yucca elata)

2-15'

Very low

Tall single trunk

Recommended Decorative Plants

Common Name

(Botanical Name)

Water Demand

Notes

Desert Marigold

(Baileya multiradiata)

Low

Biennial

Tufted Evening Primrose

(Oenothera caespitosa)

Low

Perennial – maximum height of 4 inches

Penstemon (Variety of species)

Low

Perennial – may reach 6 feet in height

Shades range from light pink to vivid red

Angelita Daisy

(Hymenoxus acaulis)

Low

Blue Flax

(Linum lewisii)

Low

Desert Globe Mallow

(Sphaeralcea ambigua)

Low

Blue Gamma Grass

(Bouteloua gracilis)

Low

Limited maintenance

Desert Lavender

(Hyptis emoryi)

Low

Favored by honeybees

(Renumbered by Resolution #1599 on 4/9/19; effective 5/10/19; Renumbered by Ordinance #396 on 4/9/19; effective 5/10/19; prior code § 9-8. Formerly 9-080)