Off-street parking spaces shall be provided for each land use activity in accordance with the following schedule.

 

(Res. 24-95. Passed 2-13-95; Ord. 2023-08. Passed 7-24-23; Ord. 2024-04. Passed 3-11- 24.)

   (a)   Parking for industrial uses shall be provided as follows:

      (1)   For individual establishments, including manufacturing, research and testing laboratories, creameries, bottling works, printing, publishing, or similar uses, one (1) parking space shall be provided for each employee during the shift with the largest number of employees working, plus five (5) spaces, or one (1) space for each five hundred (500) square feet of gross floor area (whichever is greater).

      (2)   For warehouses, storage buildings and similar uses, one (1) space shall be provided for each fifteen hundred (1,500) square feet of gross floor area.

      (3)   Parking requirements for administrative offices shall be in addition to any such industrial use requirement.

(Res. 24-95. Passed 2-13-95.)

   (a)   Each parking lot that services a building entrance, except single or two-family residential or temporary structures, shall conform to the Michigan barrier-free parking requirements as set forth and identified by above-grade signs and painted pavement as reserved for physically handicapped persons.

   (b)   Parking spaces for the physically handicapped shall be a minimum of twelve (12) feet wide or be not less than ninety-six (96) inches wide and be adjacent to an access aisle not less than sixty (60) inches wide, and must meet all other applicable requirements as to size as set forth in Section 1290.07.

(Res. 24-95. Passed 2-13-95.)

   (a)   If public parking spaces are provided within five hundred (500) feet of the subject property line, public parking may count towards up to seventy-five (75) percent of the total minimum parking requirement for the requested use.

   (b)   During review of a site plan or conditional use, the Planning Commission may authorize a reduction or modification of any of the off-street parking regulations provided in this Chapter 1290 based upon findings, standards, and conditions as provided below.

      (1)   The Planning Commission may defer the construction of a portion of parking spaces required in Table 1290-A, subject to all of the following requirements:

         A.   All deferred parking spaces must be reflected on the approved site plan. The applicant must demonstrate the ability to accommodate the minimum off-street parking requirement but is not required to install the deferred parking spaces until such time it is deemed necessary by the Planning Commission.

         B.   The owner shall demonstrate that the required number of parking spaces is excessive for the nature of their business or operational characteristics.

         C.   An area of sufficient size to meet the deferred number of parking spaces, along with setbacks, landscaping, access drives, aisles and other required parking lot features, shall be retained as open space.

         D.   A deferred parking site plan shall identify the area where parking is being deferred, including dimensions and parking lot layout.

         E.   Stormwater management requirements shall be based on the full amount of required parking to ensure adequate capacity if additional parking is determined to be necessary at a later date.

         F.   The owner shall provide a written agreement to construct the deferred parking within six (6) months of a written notice from the Zoning Administrator based on observed need, or to give at least thirty (30) days prior notice to the Zoning Administrator if the deferred parking area is to be constructed.

      (2)   The Planning Commission is authorized to reduce the minimum number of parking spaces up to twenty-five (25) percent upon finding that the applicant meets the requirements for one (1) or more of the allowable reductions of this section.

      (3)   In reviewing a parking reduction, the Planning Commission shall consider the following factors, as applicable.

         A.   The land use and development character of the area to be served by the parking facility, including the relative intensity of uses requiring parking, proximity of nearby employment centers and residential uses, and other relevant factors;

         B.   The availability of other publicly available parking in the area, including information such as number of spaces, any applicable restrictions (time limits, dedicated parking areas, etc.), or other uses also counting spaces in the same parking area for meeting parking requirements;

         C.   The timing of parking use relative to other uses in the area including information regarding hours of operation or other operational parking needs that would permit use of the spaces;

         D.   Whether the location of all provided parking meets the requirements of this chapter;

         E.   Whether compliance with Table 1290-A. is made to the maximum extent practicable taking into account parking lot design and efficiency of the layout;

         F.   Whether other adjustments as described in this section should apply in conjunction with or in lieu of the requested need-based adjustment; and

         G.   Whether supporting documentation, if provided, adequately demonstrates that sufficient parking is available to meet projected typical demand.

         H.   The request for development of deferred parking spaces may originate from the owner of the property, the Building Official, or the Planning Commission upon a perceived demonstration of need. The Planning Commission shall adhere to the site plan review process, including public notice requirements, outlined in Section 1262.19, prior to requiring the installation of any previously deferred off-street parking spaces.

(Res. 24-95. Passed 2-13-95; Ord. 2023-08. Passed 7-24- 23; Ord. 2024-04. Passed 3-11-24.)

   (a)   All residential buildings or nonresidential buildings in a Residential District shall be provided with required paved parking areas on the same lot with the building or on a lot immediately adjacent to the lot with the building intended to be served.

   (b)   Such parking areas shall not be located in any required front yard or required side yard, except that in a case of a dwelling with a driveway leading to a garage or parking area, the drive may be used for parking. Yard setback requirements for parking areas shall be the same as those required for buildings in the Residential District in which such parking is located.

   (c)   In no case shall a permitted off-street parking space or area be located closer than the required side yard setback to the side property line, or closer than five (5) feet from the rear property line. A residential driveway shall not be located closer than the required side yard setback to a side property line.

   (d)   The construction of a paved parking pad in accordance with Section 1288.14(b) may be allowed to be constructed at least three (3) feet from the side lot line, but not to include any area directly in front of the living area of the principal structure. The paved parking pad must be graded to control water runoff onto owners' lots. No such pad shall be constructed in excess of ten (10) feet by twenty (20) feet and no parked vehicles or any mass on such pad shall exceed ten (10) feet by twenty (20) feet by nine (9) feet in height. Every such pad shall be served by a paved driveway which shall be of adequate size to carry all traffic using such pad back to the main driveway prior to the sidewalk or road right-of-way and shall comply with Section 1288.14. These paved parking pad requirements do not apply to the recreational vehicle storage requirements described in Section 1288.21(a).

   (e)   All parking areas, except for single-family detached and two-family dwellings, shall be screened on all sides abutting a Residential District or a street. Such screening shall consist of an ornamental fence, or a planting hedge not less than three (3) feet nor more than six (6) feet high of a type which will obscure vision at all seasons from adjoining property. If a hedge is used, the above minimum height shall be achieved no more than three (3) years after planting.

   (f)   No parking area shall be used for parking or storing of any commercial vehicle exceeding one (1) ton in capacity in a Residential District.

   (g)   No commercial repair work, servicing or selling of any kind shall be conducted on such areas, and no sign of any kind other than those indicating entrances, exits, and conditions of use shall be erected thereon. No charge shall be made for parking or storage of vehicles.

(Res. 24-95. Passed 2-13-95; Ord. 2007-02. Passed 7-11-07; Ord. 2023-08. Passed 7-24- 23; Ord. 2024-04. Passed 3-11-24.)

   Off-street loading spaces for specified land uses shall be provided in accordance with the following requirements:

   (b)   Retail/Other Commercial Uses. All retail/other commercial uses shall provide off-street loading areas as follows:

         TOTAL SQUARE FOOTAGE      OFF-STREET LOADING

             0 - 1,400               0

             1,401 - 20,000            1

            20,001 - 50,000            2

            Over 50,000               3, plus 1 additional space

                              for each 50,000 square

                              feet in excess of 50,000

                              square feet.

(Res. 24-95. Passed 2-13-95.)

   An off-street parking and/or loading area, and dimensional requirements showing compliance with this Zoning Code, shall be submitted to the Building Official for approval before the issuance of a building permit for the structure for which the parking facility and/or loading area is required.

   (a)   Required off-street parking areas for three (3) or more automobiles shall have individual spaces marked, and shall be so designed, maintained and regulated that no parking shall be on any public street, walk or alley, and so that any automobile may be parked and maneuvered without moving or damaging another. Backing directly onto a street shall be prohibited.

   (b)   Plans for the layout of off-street parking facilities shall be in accordance with Figure I, Parking Layouts, following the text of this chapter, and the parking layout standards.

   (c)   There shall be a curb or bumper rail provided wherever an off-street parking and loading area adjoins a public sidewalk or right-of-way, so designed to prevent any portion of a vehicle from encroaching upon such walk or right-of-way.

   (d)   Lighting used to illuminate an off-street parking and loading area shall be so arranged as to direct light away from adjoining property and streets.

      Plans for the layout of off-street parking facilities shall be in accordance with the following minimum requirements:

                                 TOTAL WIDTH OF   TOTAL WIDTH OF

                                 ONE TIER OF   TWO TIERS OF

                     PARKING   PARKING   SPACES PLUS   SPACES PLUS

PARKING         MANEUVERING   SPACE   SPACE   MANEUVERING   MANEUVERING

0°             12 FT.         8 FT.      22 FT.      20 FT.         28 FT.

(PARALLEL PARKING)

30° TO 53°         13 FT.         9 FT.      18 FT.      32 FT.         51 FT.

54° TO 74°         18 FT.         9 FT.      18 FT.      38 FT.         58 FT.

75° TO 90°         24 FT.         9 FT.      18 FT.      42 FT.         60 FT.

   (e)   Off-street parking and loading areas, maneuvering lanes and ingress and egress routes shall be surfaced with asphalt, bituminous or concrete pavement and shall be graded and drained to dispose of all surface water into the storm sewerage system.

   (f)   Any construction or rearrangement of existing drives which involves the ingress and/or egress of vehicular traffic to or from a public street shall be so arranged as to ensure the maximum of safety and the least interference with traffic upon such streets and shall be approved in advance by the Building Official, in writing.

   (g)   Adequate ingress and egress to the parking lot by means of clearly limited and defined drives shall be provided for all vehicles. Ingress and egress to a parking lot lying in an area zoned other than RA, A-1, A-2, or A-3 shall not be across land zoned RA, A-1, A-2, or A-3.

   (h)   All required loading spaces shall be laid out in the dimension of at least ten (10) by fifty (50) feet, or five hundred (500) square feet in area, with a clearance of at least fourteen (14) feet in height. Loading dock approaches shall be provided with a pavement having an asphaltic or cement binder so as to provide a permanent durable and dustless surface.

(Res. 24-95. Passed 2-13-95.)

   Required parking for a development may be located off-site under certain circumstances. Requests for off-site parking must meet the following requirements:

(Res. 24-95. Passed 2-13-95; Ord. 2023-08. Passed 7-24-23; Ord. 2024- 04. Passed 3-11-24.)

   (a)   The collective provision of off-street parking for two (2) or more structures or uses is permitted provided that the number of spaces provided collectively is not less than the sum of the requirements for various individual uses, except as provided below.

   (b)   The total of such off-street parking facilities for joint or collective use may be reduced by the Planning Commission in accordance with the following rules and standards:

      (1)   Use for which the collective off-street parking facilities are to serve shall either operate during different hours of the day or night, or shall have peak hour parking demands that do not coincide.

      (2)   Not more than fifty (50) percent of the off-street parking facilities required for churches, bowling alleys, dance halls, and establishments for sale and consumption of alcoholic beverages, food, or refreshments may be supplied by off-street parking facilities provided for other buildings.

   (c)   A legally sufficient written license agreement assuring the joint usage of said common parking for the combination of uses or buildings shall be properly drawn and executed by the parties concerned, approved as to form and execution by the Planning Commission and the City Attorney, filed with the register of deeds, and made part of the application for a building permit.

(Res. 24-95. Passed 2-13-95.)