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Everett City Zoning Code

SECTION 29

Governing Post-construction Storm Water Managements of New Developments and Redevelopments.

(Amended as part of October 2021 update)
A. 
Purpose.
1. 
Regulation of discharges to the municipal separate storm sewer system (MS4) is necessary for the protection of the City of Everett’s water bodies and groundwater, and to safeguard the public health, safety, welfare and the environment. Increased and contaminated storm water runoff associated with developed land uses and the accompanying increase in impervious surface are major causes of impairment of water quality and flow in lakes, ponds, streams, rivers, wetlands and groundwater;
a. 
Impairment of water quality and flow in lakes, ponds, streams, rivers, wetlands and groundwater,
b. 
Contamination of drinking water supplies,
c. 
Erosion of stream channels;
d. 
Alteration or destruction of aquatic and wildlife habitat; and
e. 
Flooding.
Therefore, this bylaw establishes storm water management standards for the final conditions that result from development and redevelopment projects to minimize adverse impacts off site and downstream which would be borne by abutters, townspeople and the general public.
2. 
The objectives of this Ordinance are:
a. 
To require practices to control the flow of storm water from new and redeveloped sites into the [town/city] storm drainage system in order to prevent flooding and erosion;
b. 
To protect groundwater and surface water from degradation;
c. 
To promote groundwater recharge;
d. 
To prevent pollutants from entering the City of Everett’s municipal separate storm sewer system (MS4) and to minimize discharge of pollutants from the MS4;
e. 
To ensure adequate long-term operation and maintenance of structural storm water best management practices so that they work as designed;
f. 
To comply with state and federal statutes and regulations relating to storm water discharges; and
g. 
To establish the City of Everett’s legal authority to ensure compliance with the provisions of this Ordinance through inspection, monitoring, and enforcement.
B. 
Definitions.
ALTERATION OF DRAINAGE CHARACTERISTICS:
Any activity on an area of land that changes the water quality, force, direction, timing or location of runoff flowing from the area. Such changes include: change from distributed runoff to confined, discrete discharge, change in the volume of runoff from the area; change in the peak rate of runoff from the area; and change in the recharge to groundwater on the area.
BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICE (BMP):
An activity, procedure, restraint, or structural improvement that helps to reduce the quantity or improve the quality of storm water runoff.
THE BOARD –
City of Everett’s Planning Board
CLEARING:
Any activity that removes the vegetative surface cover.
DEVELOPMENT:
The modification of land to accommodate a new use or expansion of use, usually involving construction.
DISTURBANCE OF LAND:
Any action that causes a change in the position, location, or arrangement of soil, sand rock, gravel of similar earth material.
GRADING:
Changing the level or shape of the ground surface.
GRUBBING:
The act of clearing land surface by digging up roots and stumps.
IMPERVIOUS SURFACE:
Any material or structure on or above the ground that prevents water infiltrating the underlying soil. Impervious surface includes without limitation roads, paved parking lots, sidewalks, and roof tops.
MASSACHUSETTS STORMWATER MANAGEMENT POLICY:
The Policy issued by the Department of Environmental Protection, and as amended, that coordinates the requirements prescribed by state regulations promulgated under the authority of the Massachusetts Wetlands Protection Act G.L. c. 131 § 40 and Massachusetts Clean Waters Act G.L. c. 21, §. 23-56. The Policy addresses storm water impacts through implementation of performance standards to reduce or prevent pollutants from reaching water bodies and control the quantity of runoff from a site.
MUNICIPAL SEPARATE STORM SEWER SYSTEM (MS4) or MUNICIPAL STORM DRAIN SYSTEM:
The system of conveyances designed or used for collecting or conveying storm water, including any road with a drainage system, street, gutter, curb, inlet, piped storm drain, pumping facility, retention or detention basin, natural or man-made or altered drainage channel, reservoir, and other drainage structure that together comprise the storm drainage system owned or operated by the city of Everett.
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE PLAN:
A plan setting up the functional, financial and organizational mechanisms for the ongoing operation and maintenance of a storm water management system to insure that it continues to function as designed.
OUTFALL:
The point at which storm water flows out from a point source discernible, confined and discrete conveyance into waters of the Commonwealth.
OUTSTANDING RESOURCE WATERS (ORWs):
Waters designated by Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection as ORWs. These waters have exceptional sociologic, recreational, ecological and/or aesthetic values and are subject to more stringent requirements under both the Massachusetts Water Quality Standards (314 CMR 4.00) and the Massachusetts Storm water Management Standards. ORWs include vernal pools certified by the Natural Heritage Program of the Massachusetts Department of Fisheries and Wildlife and Environmental Law Enforcement, all Class A designated public water supplies with their bordering vegetated wetlands, and other waters specifically designated.
OWNER:
A person with a legal or equitable interest in property.
PERSON:
An individual, partnership, association, firm, company, trust, corporation, agency, authority, department or political subdivision of the Commonwealth or the federal government, to the extent permitted by law, and any officer, employee, or agent of such person.
POINT SOURCE:
Any discernible, confined, and discrete conveyance, including but not limited to, any pipe, ditch, channel, tunnel, conduit, well, discrete fissure, or container from which pollutants are or may be discharged.
REDEVELOPMENT:
Development, rehabilitation, expansion, demolition or phased projects that disturb the ground surface or increase the impervious area on previously developed sites.
RUNOFF:
Rainfall, snowmelt, or irrigation water flowing over the ground surface.
STORMWATER MANAGEMENT PLAN:
A plan required as part of the application for a Stormwater Management Permit. See Section 29.G.
STORMWATER:
Storm water runoff, snow melt runoff, and surface water runoff and drainage.
TSS:
Total Suspended Solids.
C. 
Authority.
This bylaw is adopted under authority granted by the Home Rule Amendment of the Massachusetts Constitution, the Home Rule statutes and pursuant to the regulations of the federal Clean Water Act found at 40 CFR 122.34.
D. 
Applicability.
1. 
No person may, by development or redevelopment activity, alter the drainage characteristics of one or more acres of land draining to the City of Everett municipal separate storm sewer system without a permit from the Board. The regulated projects shall include without limitation:
a. 
Land disturbance associated with construction or reconstruction of structures;
b. 
Development or redevelopment involving multiple separate activities in discontinuous locations or on different schedules if the activities are part of a larger common plan of development that all together disturbs one or more acres.
c. 
Paving or other change in surface material causing a significant reduction of permeability or increase in runoff;
d. 
Construction of a new drainage system or alteration of an existing drainage system or conveyance serving a drainage area of one or more acres
e. 
Any activity that will, or may, result in increased rate or volume of storm water runoff flowing from the property into a public way or the MS4.
2. 
Exemptions
a. 
Normal maintenance and improvement of land in agricultural use as defined by the Wetlands Protection Act regulation 310 CMR 10.04;
b. 
Maintenance of existing landscaping, gardens or lawn areas associated with a single family dwelling
c. 
The construction of fencing that will not substantially alter existing terrain or drainage patterns;
d. 
Construction of utilities other than drainage (gas, water, electric, telephone, etc.) which will not alter terrain or drainage patterns;
e. 
As authorized in the Phase II Small MS4 General Permit for Massachusetts, storm water discharges resulting from the activities identified in Section 29.D that are wholly subject to jurisdiction under the Wetlands Protection Act and demonstrate compliance with the Massachusetts Storm Water Management Policy as reflected in an Order of Conditions issued by the Conservation Commission are exempt from compliance with this bylaw.
E. 
Administration.
1. 
The Board shall administer, implement and enforce this bylaw. Any powers granted to or duties imposed upon the Board may be delegated in writing by the Board to its employees or agents.
2. 
Rules and Regulations.
The Board may adopt, and periodically amend, rules and regulations relating to the procedures and administration of this Storm water Management Ordinance, by majority vote of the Board, after conducting a public hearing to receive comments on any proposed revisions. Such hearing dates shall be advertised in a newspaper of general local circulation, at least seven (7) days prior to the hearing date.
F. 
Permits and Procedure.
1. 
Filing Application.
The site owner or his agent shall file with the Board hereinafter the Board, three (3) copies of a completed application package for a Storm water Management Permit (SMP). Permit issuance is required prior to any site altering activity. While the applicant can be a representative, the permittee must be the owner of the site. The SMP Application package shall include:
a. 
A completed Application Form with original signatures of all owners;
b. 
A list of abutters certified by the Assessor’s Office;
c. 
Three (3) copies of the Storm water Management Plan and project description as specified in Section 29.G.1;
d. 
Three (3) copies of the Operation and Maintenance Plan as required by Section 29.H of this bylaw;
e. 
One (1) copy of the application form, the Storm water Management Plan, the Operation & Maintenance Plan, and the list of abutters filed with the Town Clerk; and
f. 
Payment of the application and review fees.
2. 
Entry.
Filing an application for a permit grants the Board, or its agent, permission to enter the site to verify the information in the application and to inspect for compliance with the resulting permit
3. 
Other Boards.
The Board shall notify the Town Clerk of receipt of the application, and shall give one copy of the application package to Building Official, Health Department, City Engineer, Conservation Commission and City Services.
4. 
Fee Structure.
The Board shall obtain with each submission an Application Fee established by the Board to cover expenses connected with the public hearing and application review of the Storm-water Management Permit and a technical Review Fee sufficient to cover professional review. The Board is authorized to retain a Registered Professional Engineer or other professional consultant to advise the Board on any or all aspects of these plans. Applicants must pay review fees before the review process may begin.
5. 
Public Hearing.
The Board shall hold a public hearing within twenty-one (21) days of the receipt of a complete application and shall take final action within twenty-one (21) days from the close of the hearing unless such time is extended by agreement between the applicant and [insert appropriate board or department]. Notice of the public hearing shall be given by publication in a local paper of general circulation, by posting and by first-class mailings to abutters at least seven (7) days prior to the hearing.
6. 
Actions.
The Board’s action, rendered in writing, shall consist of:
a. 
Approval of the Storm water Management Permit Application based upon determination that the proposed plan meets the Standards in Section 29.G and will adequately protect the water resources of the community and is in compliance with the requirements set forth in this Ordinance;
b. 
Approval of the storm water management permit application subject to any conditions, modifications or restrictions required by the Board which will ensure that the project meets the standards in Section 29.Gand adequately protect water resources, as set forth in this ordinance.
c. 
Approval of the storm water management permit application based upon a determination that the proposed plan, as submitted, does not meet the standards in Section 29.G or adequately protect water resources, as set forth in this ordinance.
7. 
Failure of the Board to take final action upon an Application within the time specified above shall be deemed to be approval of said Application. Upon certification by the Town Clerk that the allowed time has passed without Board action, the Board must issue a Storm water Management Permit.
8. 
Plan Changes.
The permittee must notify the Board in writing of any drainage change or alteration in the system authorized in a Storm water Management Permit before any change or alteration is made. If the Board determines that the change or alteration is significant, based on the Storm water Management Standards in Section 29.G.2 and accepted construction practices, the Board may require that an amended application be filed and a public hearing held.
9. 
Project Completion.
At completion of the project the permittee shall submit as-built record drawings of all structural storm water controls and treatment best management practices required for the site. The as-built drawing shall show deviations from the approved plans, if any, and be certified by a Registered Professional Engineer.
G. 
Stormwater Management Plan.
1. 
The application for a storm water management permit shall consist of submittal of a Storm water Management Plan to the Board. This Storm water Management Plan shall contain sufficient information for the Board to evaluate the environmental impact, effectiveness, and acceptability of the measures proposed by the applicant for reducing adverse impacts from storm water. The Plan shall be designed to meet the Massachusetts Storm water Management Standards as set forth in Part B of this section and DEP Storm water Management Handbook Volumes I and II. The Storm water Management Plan shall fully describe the project in drawings, and narrative. It shall include:
a. 
A locus map,
b. 
The existing zoning, and land use at the site,
c. 
The proposed land use,
d. 
The location(s) of existing and proposed easements,
e. 
The location of existing and proposed utilities,
f. 
The site’s existing & proposed topography with contours at 2-foot intervals,
g. 
The existing site hydrology,
h. 
A description and delineation of existing storm water conveyances, impoundments, and wetlands on or adjacent to the site or into which storm water flows.
i. 
A delineation of 100-year flood plains, if applicable
j. 
Estimated seasonal high groundwater elevation (November to April) in areas to be used for storm water retention, detention, or infiltration.
k. 
The existing and proposed vegetation and ground surfaces with runoff coefficient for each,
l. 
A drainage area map showing pre and post construction watershed boundaries, drainage area and storm water flow paths,
m. 
A description and drawings of all components of the proposed drainage system including:
i. 
locations, cross sections, and profiles of all brooks, streams, drainage swales and their method of stabilization,
ii. 
all measures for the detention, retention or infiltration of water,
iii. 
all measures for the protection of water quality,
iv. 
the structural details for all components of the proposed drainage systems and storm water management facilities,
v. 
notes on drawings specifying materials to be used, construction specifications, and typicals, and
vi. 
expected hydrology with supporting calculations.
n. 
Proposed improvements including location of buildings or other structures, impervious surfaces, and drainage facilities, if applicable,
o. 
Timing, schedules, and sequence of development including clearing, stripping, rough grading, construction, final grading, and vegetative stabilization,
p. 
A maintenance schedule for the period of construction, and
q. 
Any other information requested by the Board.
2. 
Standards.
Projects shall meet the Standards of the Massachusetts Storm water Management Policy, which are as follows:
a. 
No new storm water conveyances (e.g. outfalls) may discharge untreated storm water directly to or cause erosion in wetlands or water of the Commonwealth.
b. 
Storm water management systems must be designed so that post-development peak discharge rates do not exceed pre-development peak discharge rates.
c. 
Loss of annual recharge to groundwater should be minimized through the use of infiltration measures to the maximum extent practicable. The annual recharge from the post-development site should approximate the annual recharge rate from the predevelopment or existing site conditions based on soil types.
d. 
For new development, storm water management systems must be designed to remove 80% of the average annual load (post development conditions) of Total Suspended Solids (TSS). It is presumed that this standard is met when:
i. 
Suitable nonstructural practices for source control and pollution prevention and implemented;
ii. 
Storm water management best management practices (BMPs) are sized to capture the prescribed runoff volume; and
iii. 
Storm water management BMPs are maintained as designed.
e. 
Storm water discharges from areas with higher potential pollutant loads require the use of specific storm water management BMPs (see Storm water Management Volume I: Storm water Policy Handbook). The use of infiltration practices without pretreatment is prohibited.
f. 
Storm water discharges to critical areas must utilize certain storm water management BMPs approved for critical areas (see Storm water Management Volume I: Storm water Policy Handbook). Critical areas are Outstanding Resource Waters (ORWs), shellfish beds, swimming beaches, cold water fisheries and recharge areas for public water supplies.
g. 
Redevelopment of previously developed sites must meet the Storm water Management Standards to the maximum extent practicable. However, if it is not practicable to meet all The Standards, new (retrofitted or expanded) storm water management systems must be designed to improve existing conditions.
h. 
Erosion and sediment controls must be implemented to prevent impacts during disturbance and construction activities.
i. 
All storm water management systems must have an operation and maintenance plan to ensure that systems function as designed.
When one or more of the Standards cannot be met, an applicant may demonstrate that an equivalent level of environmental protection will be provided.
3. 
Project Changes.
The permittee, or their agent, shall notify the Board in writing of any change or alteration of a land-disturbing activity authorized in a Storm water Management Permit before any change or alteration occurs. If the Board determines that the change or alteration is significant, based on the design requirements listed in Section _____ and accepted construction practices, the Board may require that an amended Storm water Management Permit application be filed and a public hearing held. If any change or deviation from the Storm water Management Permit occurs during a project, the Board may require the installation of interim measures before approving the change.
H. 
Operation and Maintenance Plans.
An Operation and Maintenance plan (O&M Plan) is required at the time of application for all projects. The maintenance plan shall be designed to ensure compliance with the Permit, this Bylaw and that the Massachusetts Surface Water Quality Standards, 314, CMR 4.00 are met in all seasons and throughout the life of the system. The Board shall make the final decision of what maintenance option is appropriate in a given situation. The Board will consider natural features, proximity of site to water bodies and wetlands, extent of impervious surfaces, size of the site, the types of storm water management structures, and potential need for ongoing maintenance activities when making this decision. The Operation and Maintenance Plan shall remain on file with the Board and shall be an ongoing requirement. The O&M Plan shall include:
1. 
The name(s) of the owner(s) for all components of the system
2. 
Maintenance agreements that specify:
a. 
The names and addresses of the person(s) responsible for operation and maintenance
b. 
The person(s) responsible for financing maintenance and emergency repairs.
c. 
A Maintenance Schedule for all drainage structures, including swales and ponds.
d. 
A list of easements with the purpose and location of each.
e. 
The signature(s) of the owner(s).
3. 
Storm Water Management Easement(s).
a. 
Storm water management easements shall be provided by the property owner(s) as necessary for:
i. 
access for facility inspections and maintenance,
ii. 
preservation of storm water runoff conveyance, infiltration, and detention areas and facilities, including flood routes for the 100-year storm event.
iii. 
direct maintenance access by heavy equipment to structures requiring regular cleanout.
b. 
The purpose of each easement shall be specified in the maintenance agreement signed by the property owner.
c. 
Storm water management easements are required for all areas used for off-site storm water control, unless a waiver is granted by the Board.
d. 
Easements shall be recorded with the Middlesex Registry of Deeds prior to issuance of a Certificate of Completion by the [Board].
4. 
Changes to Operation and Maintenance Plans.
a. 
The owner(s) of the storm water management system must notify the Board of changes in ownership or assignment of financial responsibility.
b. 
The maintenance schedule in the Maintenance Agreement may be amended to achieve the purposes of this Ordinance by mutual agreement of the Board and the Responsible Parties. Amendments must be in writing and signed by all Responsible Parties.
Responsible Parties shall include owner(s), persons with financial responsibility, and persons with operational responsibility.
I. 
Surety.
The Board may require the permittee to post before the start of land disturbance or construction activity, a surety bond, irrevocable letter of credit, cash, or other acceptable security. The form of the bond shall be approved by town counsel and be in an amount deemed sufficient by the Board to ensure that the work will be completed in accordance with the permit. If the project is phased, the Board may release part of the bond as each phase is completed in compliance with the permit but the bond may not be fully released until the Board has received the final inspection report as required by Section 29.J and issued a Certificate of Completion.
J. 
Inspections.
The Board shall inspect the project site at the following stages:
1. 
Initial Site Inspection: prior to approval of any plan.
2. 
Erosion Control Inspection: to ensure erosion control practices are in accord. with the filed plan.
3. 
Bury Inspection: prior to backfilling of any underground drainage or storm water conveyance structures.
4. 
Final Inspection.
After the storm water management system has been constructed and before the surety has been released, the applicant must submit a record plan detailing the actual storm water management system as installed. The Board shall inspect the system to confirm its "as-built" features. This inspector shall also evaluate the effectiveness of the system in an actual storm. If the inspector finds the system to be adequate, he shall so report to the Board which will issue a Certificate of Completion.
If the system is found to be inadequate by virtue of physical evidence of operational failure, even though it was built as called for in the Storm water Management Plan, it shall be corrected by the permittee before the performance guarantee is released. If the permittee fails to act the City of Everett may use the surety bond to complete the work. Examples of inadequacy shall be limited to errors in the infiltrative capability, errors in the maximum groundwater elevation, failure to properly define or construct flow paths, or erosive discharges from basins.
K. 
Waivers.
1. 
The Board may waive strict compliance with any requirement of this Ordinance or the rules and regulations promulgated hereunder, where:
a. 
such action is allowed by federal, state and local statutes and/or regulations,
b. 
is in the public interest, and
c. 
is not inconsistent with the purpose and intent of this Ordinance.
2. 
Any applicant may submit a written request to be granted such a waiver. Such a request shall be accompanied by an explanation or documentation supporting the waiver request and demonstrating that strict application of the Ordinance does not further the purposes or objectives of this bylaw.
3. 
All waiver requests shall be discussed and voted on at the public hearing for the project.
4. 
If in the City of Everett’s opinion, additional time or information is required for review of a waiver request, the Board may continue a hearing to a date certain announced at the meeting. In the event the applicant objects to a continuance, or fails to provide requested information, the waiver request shall be denied.
L. 
Certificate of Completion.
The Board will issue a letter certifying completion upon receipt and approval of the final inspection reports and/or upon otherwise determining that all work of the permit has been satisfactorily completed in conformance with this bylaw.
M. 
Enforcement.
1. 
The Board or an authorized agent of the Board shall enforce this Ordinance, regulations, orders, violation notices, and enforcement orders, and may pursue all civil and criminal remedies for such violations.
2. 
Orders.
a. 
The Board or an authorized agent of the Board may issue a written order to enforce the provisions of this Ordinance or the regulations there-under, which may include requirements to:
i. 
cease and desist from construction or land disturbing activity until there is compliance with the Ordinance and the storm water management permit;
ii. 
repair, maintain; or replace the storm water management system or portions thereof in accordance with the operation and maintenance plan.
iii. 
perform monitoring, analyses, and reporting;
iv. 
remediate adverse impact resulting directly or indirectly from malfunction of the storm water management system.
b. 
If the enforcing person determines that abatement or remediation of adverse impacts is required, the order shall set forth a deadline by which such abatement or remediation must be completed. Said order shall further advise that, should the violator or property owner fail to abate or perform remediation within the specified deadline, the City of Not Exclusive Th its option, undertake such work, and the property owner shall reimburse the City of Everett’s expenses.
c. 
Within thirty (30) days after completing all measures necessary to abate the violation or to perform remediation, the violator and the property owner shall be notified of the costs incurred by the City of Everett, including administrative costs. The violator or property owner may file a written protest objecting to the amount or basis of costs with the Board within thirty (30) days of receipt of the notification of the costs incurred. If the amount due is not received by the expiration of the time in which to file a protest or within thirty (30) days following a decision of the Board affirming or reducing the costs, or from a Final decision of a court of competent jurisdiction, the costs shall become a special assessment against the property owner and shall constitute a lien on the owner’s property for the amount of said costs. Interest shall begin to accrue on any unpaid costs at the statutory rate provided in G.L. Ch. 59, § 57, after the thirty-first day at which the costs first become due.
3. 
Criminal Penalty.
Any person who violates any provision of this Ordinance, or regulation, order or permit issued there-under, shall be punished by a fine of not more than $ 500. Each day or part thereof that such violation occurs or continues shall constitute a separate offense.
4. 
Non-Criminal Disposition.
As an alternative to criminal prosecution or civil action, the City of Everett may elect to utilize the non-criminal disposition procedure set forth in G.L. Ch. 40, §21D and Chapter 1-8 of the Revised Ordinances of the City of Everett
5. 
Remedies Not Exclusive.
The remedies listed in this Ordinance are not exclusive of any other remedies available under any applicable federal, state or local law.
N. 
Severability.
If any provision, paragraph, sentence, or clause of this Ordinance shall be held invalid for any reason, all other provisions shall continue in full force and effect.