Garden City City Zoning Code
OFF-STREET PARKING
AND LOADING REQUIREMENTS
§ 154.065 SCOPE OF OFF-STREET PARKING REQUIREMENTS.
Compliance with the off-street parking regulations shall be required as follows.
(A) General applicability. For all buildings and uses established after the effective date of this chapter, off-street parking shall be provided as required in this subchapter. However, where a building permit has been issued prior to the effective date of this chapter and construction has been diligently carried on, compliance with the parking requirements at the time of issuance of the building permit shall be required.
(B) Change in use or intensity.
(1) Whenever use of a building, structure, or lot is changed, parking facilities shall be provided as required by this chapter for the new use, regardless of any variance which may have been in effect prior to change of use.
(2) If the intensity of use of any building, structure, or lot is increased through the addition of dwelling units, increase in floor area, increase in seating capacity, or through other means, additional off-street parking shall be provided for the increase in intensity of use.
(C) Existing parking facilities.
(1) Off-street parking facilities in existence on the effective date of this chapter shall not thereafter be reduced below, or if already less than, shall not be further reduced below the requirements for the use being served as set forth in this chapter.
(2) An area designated as required off-street parking shall not be changed to any other use unless equal facilities are provided elsewhere in accordance with the provisions of this chapter.
(D) Additional off-street parking. Nothing in this chapter shall be deemed to prevent voluntary establishment of off-street parking facilities to serve an existing use of land or buildings, or to prevent provision of additional parking facilities beyond what is required by this chapter provided all parking conforms with the regulations herein.
(Ord. 92-005, passed 2-17-92) Penalty, see § 154.999
§ 154.066 GENERAL OFF-STREET PARKING REQUIREMENTS.
(A) Location.
(1) Proximity to building or use being served. Except as otherwise permitted for shared off-street parking, off-street parking for multiple-family and nonresidential uses shall be located on the same lot or parcel as the building, or within 300 feet of the building it is intended to serve, as measured from the nearest point of the building or use to the nearest point of the parking.
(2) Within yards.
(a) Off-street parking in commercial and office districts may be located in a front, side, or rear yard, provided that all landscaping and berm requirements in §§ 154.080 through 154.086 are met, and provided further that off-street parking shall not be permitted within 20 feet of a residential district boundary, nor within 20 feet of the traveled portion of any road right-of-way, unless screening is provided in accordance with §§ 154.100 and 154.101.
(b) Off-street parking in multiple-family and industrial districts may be located in a side or rear yard or a non-required front yard, provided that all landscaping and berm requirements in Sec. 154.080 through 154.086 are complied with, and provided further that off-street parking serving an industrial use shall not be within 20 feet of a residential district.
(B) Residential parking.
(1) Off-street parking spaces in single-family residential districts shall consist of a parking strip, driveway, garage, or combination thereof, and shall be located on the premises they are intended to serve. No parking shall be permitted on a regular basis on lawns or other unpaved areas on residential lots, with the exception of approved parking areas.
(2) Commercial and recreational vehicle parking in residential districts shall comply with the standards in § 154.069.
(C) Control of off-site parking.
(1) It shall be unlawful to park, store, or offer for sale any motor vehicle or recreational vehicle on private property without the expressed or implied consent of the owner, holder, occupant, lessee, agent, or trustee of the private property.
(2) Where required parking is permitted on land other than on the same lot as the building or use being served, the land on which the parking is located shall be under the same ownership and control as the lot occupied by the building or use or a written agreement or easement which provides for continued use and maintenance of the shared parking area, as well as cross-access without limitation, shall be executed by the parties concerned and submitted to the City for approval before recording with the Wayne County Register of Deeds. The agreement shall assure the continued availability of the parking facility for the uses it is intended to serve.
(D) Access to parking. Each off-street parking space shall open directly onto an aisle or driveway of sufficient width and design as to provide safe and efficient access to or from a public street or alley in a manner that will least interfere with the smooth flow of traffic. Access to off-street parking which serves a nonresidential use shall not be permitted across land that is zone or used for residential purposes.
(E) Storage and repair prohibited. The storage of merchandise, sale of motor vehicles, storage of wrecked, unlicensed, junked, inoperable vehicles, or repair of vehicles are prohibited in required off-street parking lots or areas. Emergency services shall be permitted.
(F) Duration. Except when land is used as permitted storage space in direct connection with a legitimate business, a 48-hour time limit for parking in nonresidential off-street parking areas shall prevail.
(G) Parking structures. Parking structures shall be permitted subject to the following standards.
(1) Any parking structure shall comply with the required setbacks for the district in which it is located.
(2) Parking structures shall be designed as integral elements of the overall site plan, taking into account the relationship to the principal building and other structures on the site.
(3) The facade of the parking structure shall be compatible in design, color, and type of material to the principal building(s) on the site.
(4) Landscaping shall be placed around the parking structure in accordance with an approved landscape plan. The landscaping shall be compatible with the overall landscape plan for the entire site.
(Ord. 92-005, passed 2-17-92; Am. Ord. 10-009, passed 10-5-09; Am. Ord. 20-007, passed 11-23-20)
Penalty, see § 154.999
§ 154.067 MINIMUM OFF-STREET PARKING REQUIREMENTS.
The following standards shall be used in determining the required number of parking spaces.
(A) Definition of floor area. For the purposes of determining the required number of parking spaces, floor area shall be measured in accordance with the definitions provided in § 154.005.
(B) Units of measurement.
(1) Fractional spaces. When calculations for determining the required number of parking spaces results in a fractional space, any fraction of less than one-half may be disregarded, while a fraction of one-half or more shall be counted as one full space.
(2) Employee parking. Parking spaces required for employees shall be based on the maximum number of employees on the premises at any one time.
(C) Uses not cited. For those uses not specifically mentioned, the requirements for off-street parking for the most similar use stated shall be determined by the Zoning Administrator.
(D) Parking during construction. Temporary off-street parking shall be provided for workers during construction at a rate of one space per employee. Temporary gravel surfacing may be permitted for temporary parking. Temporary parking areas must be abandoned and returned to the original state or improved in accordance with an approved site plan prior to the issuance of a certificate of occupancy.
(E) Parking for the physically handicapped. Each parking lot that serves a building, except single- and two-family dwelling units, shall have a number of level parking spaces, identified by an above-grade sign which indicates the spaces are reserved for physically handicapped persons. Parking for the handicapped shall comply with the state Barrier-Free Rules, Public Act 1 of 1966, as amended, being M.C.L.A. 125.1351 et seq., and the adopted city Building Code. The number of barrier-free spaces required is as follows.
Total Parking In Lot | Required Number of Barrier-Free Spaces |
Total Parking In Lot | Required Number of Barrier-Free Spaces |
Up to 25
|
1
|
26 to 50
|
2
|
51 to 75
|
3
|
76 to 100
|
4
|
101 to 150
|
5
|
151 to 200
|
6
|
201 to 300
|
8
|
301 to 400
|
12
|
Over 400
|
12 plus 2 for every 250 or fraction thereof over 400
|
(F) Use of loading space. Required loading space shall not be counted or used for parking requirements.
(G) Modification of minimum requirements. In the case of a site plan for development within the Planned Development District, the Planning Commission may modify a numerical standard for off-street parking. In other nonresidential districts, the Zoning Board of Appeals may reduce a standard for a particular site, based upon evidence that another standard would be more reasonable, considering the level of current or future employment and/or level of current or future customer traffic.
(H) Shared parking. Off-street parking for two or more uses may be provided collectively via a shared common parking area. The uses that share a common parking area may be located within a single building or in separate buildings. The uses may be located on the same or different property or lot. The total number of spaces provided collectively shall not be less than the sum of spaces calculated according to the following procedure.
(1) Multiply the minimum parking required for each use, as set forth in Section 74-6.204 by the appropriate percentage indicated in Table 6, Shared Parking Factors for each of the six designated time periods.
(2) Add together the resulting modified parking figures for each of the six time period columns. The highest total of the time period columns shall be the minimum shared parking requirement.
(3) If a particular land use proposing to make use of collective parking facilities (e.g., religious institution, municipal use) does not conform to the general classifications in the Shared Parking Factors table (as determined by the Zoning Administrator), the applicant shall submit sufficient data to indicate the principal operating hours of the proposed use. Based upon this documentation, the Zoning Administrator shall determine the appropriate collective parking requirement (if any) for the proposed use.
SHARED PARKING FACTORS
| ||||||
Land Use Classification | Weekdays | Weekends | ||||
1 AM - 7AM | 7 AM - 7PM | 7 PM - 1 AM | 1 AM - 7AM | 7 AM - 7PM | 7 PM - 1 AM | |
Office/Service | 5% | 95% | 5% | 0% | 10% | 0% |
Commercial/Retail | 0% | 95% | 75% | 0% | 90% | 75% |
Restaurant | 20% | 70% | 100% | 30% | 75% | 100% |
Residential/Hotel | 95% | 25% | 95% | 95% | 75% | 95% |
(I) Minimum number of spaces for each use. The amount of required off-street parking spaces shall be determined in accordance with the following schedule.
SCHEDULE OF OFF-STREET PARKING
| |
Land Use | Required No. of Parking Spaces Per Each Unit of Measure |
SCHEDULE OF OFF-STREET PARKING
| |
Land Use | Required No. of Parking Spaces Per Each Unit of Measure |
RESIDENTIAL USES | |
Single and two-family residential dwellings | 2 Dwelling unit (may be in garage) |
Multiple-family housing And attached single-family housing | 2 per dwelling unit PLUS supplemental guest parking of 20% of required dwelling unit parking |
Senior apartments | Same standards as for multiple-family housing. |
Housing for elderly; elderly housing complex, congregate housing, dependent housing facilities | 1 per dwelling unit, or 0.5 per bed PLUS 1 per employee based on maximum employment shift |
Mobile homes | Parking shall be provided in accordance with MI MHC Rules and MLCA 152.2301, as amended |
INSTITUTIONAL OR PUBLIC USES | |
Churches, temples, and places of worship | 1 per 3 seats OR 6 lineal feet of pews in the main hall, PLUS any required spaces for permitted accessory or associated uses (school, day care, etc.) |
Child care centers | 1 per teacher, administrator or other employee based on maximum employment shift, PLUS 1 per 400 sq. ft. of usable floor area PLUS sufficient area for pick-up/drop-off of children in a safe manner |
Fraternities, dormitories | 1 per 5 active resident members or 2 beds, whichever is greater |
Hospitals, sanitariums | 1 per 2 beds, PLUS 1 per 150 sq. ft. of usable floor area occupied by outpatient services, PLUS 1 per employee based on maximum employment shift |
Homes for the aged, convalescent homes, children’s homes | 1 per dwelling unit or 0.5 per bed, PLUS 1 per employee based on maximum employment shift |
Museum, library, cultural center, or similar facility | 1 per 500 sq. ft. of usable floor space, PLUS 1 per employee based on maximum employment shift |
Public utility use | 1 per employee based on maximum employment shift |
School, elementary and junior high | 2 per classroom, PLUS any required space for an auditorium or other public meeting space. However, if a place of assembly is provided and the parking for the assembly area is greater or equal to the requirements of classroom parking, the classroom parking is waived. |
School, senior high | 1 per teacher, administrator, or other employee, PLUS 1 per 5 students who may legally occupy the school at one time, PLUS any required space for an auditorium or other public meeting space |
Stadiums, sports arenas | The greater of 1 per 4 persons OR 1 per 6 lineal feet of benches PLUS 1 per employee based on maximum employment shift |
Theaters and auditoriums with fixed seating | The greater of 1 per 3 seats, OR 1 per 6 lienal feet of benches |
Theaters and auditoriums, dining halls, exhibition halls, and assembly halls without fixed seating | 1 per 3 persons who may be legally admitted at one time based on the occupancy load established by local code, PLUS 1 per employee based on maximum employment shift |
BUSINESS AND COMMERCIAL USES | |
Animal hospitals and veterinary clinics | 1 per 300 sq. ft. of usable floor area, PLUS 1 per employee based on maximum employment shift |
Auto and vehicle repair or service facilities, bump shop | 1 per employee based on maximum employment shift, PLUS 3 per service or repair bay |
Auto or vehicle service/ filling station | 1 per fueling station, PLUS 1 stacking space per 2 fueling stations, PLUS 1 per employee based on maximum employment shift, PLUS any required spaces for permitted accessory uses or associated uses, (restaurants, convenience stores, etc.) |
Auto wash, automatic operation | 1 per employee based on maximum employment shift, PLUS 5 stacking spaces per automatic wash operation or line |
Auto wash, self-service or coin operated | 3 stacking spaces per washing stall in addition to the washing space stall itself, PLUS 1 per drying spaces |
Banks, financial institutions | 1 per 200 sq. ft. of usable floor area, PLUS 5 stacking spaces per drive through service window or station |
Beauty or barber shops | 3 per beauty or barber shop station for the first two stations, PLUS 1.5 per each additional station |
Furniture and appliance sales household equipment repair shops | 1 per 600 sq. ft. of usable floor area |
Hotel, motel, or other lodging | 1 per occupancy unit, PLUS 1 per employee based on maximum employment shift, PLUS any required space for associated uses |
Laundromats and coin-operated dry cleaners | 1 per 250 sq. ft. of usable floor area PLUS 1 per on-duty employee |
Lumber yard | 2.5 per employee based on maximum employment shift, PLUS any required space for enclosed retail sales |
Mini-warehouses, self-storage establishments | 1 per 10 storage units, equally distributed throughout the storage area, PLUS 2 per manager’s or caretaker’s quarters, PLUS 1 per 250 sq. ft. of usable floor area in the office building |
Mortuaries, funeral homes | 1 per 150 sq. ft. of usable floor area in the parlor area, viewing rooms, chapels, or assembly areas |
Motor vehicle sales (new) | 1 per 400 sq. ft. of usable floor area exclusive of service areas, PLUS 2 per auto service stall in the service area, PLUS 1 per employee based on maximum employment shift |
Motor vehicle sales (used) | 1 per 400 sq. ft. of usable floor area PLUS 2.5 per employee based on maximum employment shift |
Open air business | 1 per 200 sq. ft. of land area being used for display, PLUS any required space for enclosed retail sales |
Personal service establishments not otherwise specified | 1 per 300 sq. ft. of usable floor area, PLUS 1 per employee based on maximum employment shift |
Radio, cable or television station or studio | 1.5 per employee based on maximum employment shift |
Restaurant, carry-out | 1 per 100 sq. ft. of usable floor area in customers waiting, PLUS 1 per employee based on maximum employment shift |
Restaurant, fast-food | 1 per 50 sq. ft. of eating area |
Restaurant, drive-in, drive-through | 10 stacking spaces per pay station, PLUS 1 per employee based on maximum employment shift |
Restaurant, delivery | 1 per delivery vehicle, PLUS 1 per employee based on maximum employment shift |
Restaurant, standard | 1 per 3 seats, PLUS 1 per employee based on maximum employment shift |
Shopping centers | 1 per 250 sq. ft. of usable floor area |
Supermarkets, convenience stores | 1 per 250 sq. ft. of usable floor area |
Wholesale stores, of a plumber, electrician, or similar trade | 1 per 1,000 sq. ft. of usable showroom floor area, sales, PLUS 1 per employee based on maximum employment shift |
Retail stores not otherwise specified | 1 per 150 sq. ft. of usable floor area |
OFFICE USES | |
Business and professional offices, except as otherwise specified | 1 per 300 sq. ft. of usable floor area |
Professional offices, clinics of doctors, dentists, and similar professions | 1 per 300 sq. ft. of usable floor area, PLUS 1 per employee based on maximum employment shift |
Real estate offices | 1 per 300 sq. ft. of usable floor area |
INDUSTRIAL USES | |
Contractor or construction use | 1 per employee based on maximum employment shift |
Manufacturing establishments, or establishments for industrial production, processing, assembly, research, compounding, preparation, cleaning, servicing, testing, repair, plus accessory business offices and storage facilities | 1 per 1,000 sq. ft. of usable floor area, or 1 per on-duty employee based on maximum employment shift, whichever is greater |
Wholesale and warehouse establishments | 1 per 1,500 sq. ft. of gross floor area or 1 per on-duty employee based on maximum employment shift, whichever is greater |
RECREATIONAL USES (PUBLIC AND PRIVATE) | |
Arcades | 1 per amusement station or video game, PLUS 1 per employee based on maximum employment shift |
Archery facilities | 2 per target |
Softball, baseball fields | 25 per playing field |
BMX course | 50 per course |
Bowling establishments | 4 per lane PLUS any required space for associated uses |
Dance halls, health spas, skating rinks, personal fitness center and similar indoor recreation uses | 1 per 3 persons allowed as established by local, county, or state fire, building, or health codes, PLUS 1 per employee based on maximum employment shift |
Football and soccer fields | 30 per field |
Golf course, public or private | 4 per golf hole, PLUS 1 per employee based on maximum employment shift, PLUS any required spaces for permitted accessory uses or associates uses (restaurants, convenience stores, etc.) |
Golf course, miniature or par 3 | 3 per golf hole, PLUS 1 per employee based on maximum employment shift |
Golf driving range | 1 per tee |
Private clubs and lodges | 1 per 3 persons allowed as established by local, county, or state fire, building, o health codes, PLUS 1 per employee based on maximum employment shift |
Stadium sports arena, or similar assembly space with fixed seating | 1 per 3 seats OR 1 per 6 lineal feet of benches, whichever is greater |
Swimming pool clubs, swimming pools | 1 per 3 persons who may be legally admitted at one time based on occupancy load established by local code, PLUS 1 per employee based on maximum employment shift |
Tennis clubs and court-recreation uses | 1 per person permitted based on type and capacity of the courts, PLUS 1 per employee based on maximum employment shift, PLUS any required space for enclosed retail sales |
(Ord. 92-005, passed 2-17-92; Am. Ord. 08-004, passed 11-5-07; Am. Ord. 10-009, passed 10-5-09; Am. Ord. 20-007, passed 11-23-20) Penalty, see § 154.999
§ 154.068 LAYOUT AND CONSTRUCTION.
All off-street parking facilities containing four or more spaces, except those serving single-family residences, shall be designed, constructed, and maintained in accordance with the following requirements.
(A) Review and approval requirements.
(1) Except as noted in § 154.403(I), plans for the construction of any parking lot in conjunction with a new development shall be submitted for review and approval according to the normal site plan review procedures. Plans for expansion of an existing parking lot that is not associated with other new development shall be submitted to the Zoning Administrator for review and approval prior to the start of construction. Upon completion of construction, a parking lot must be inspected and approved by the City DPS Director before a certificate of occupancy can be issued for the parking lot and for the building or use the parking is intended to serve.
(2) Plans shall be prepared at a scale of not less than 50 feet equal to one inch. Plans shall include typical pavement cross-sections and indicate existing and proposed grades, drainage, water mains and sewers, surfacing and base materials, and the proposed parking layout. The plans shall conform to the construction and design standards formally established by the City DPS Director.
(3) In the event that required parking cannot be constructed because of cold or inclement weather, a temporary certificate of occupancy may be issued by the Zoning Administrator, provided the applicant first deposits a performance guarantee in accordance with § 154.036.
(B) Dimensions.
(1) Off-street parking shall be designed to conform with the following standards and diagram.
Off-Street Parking Space Standards (all dimensions in feet) | |||||
Angle | Maneuvering aisle width | Parking space width | Stall depth to wall | Total width of one stall plus maneuvering lane | Total width of two stalls of parking plus maneuvering aisle |
0 degrees (parallel) |
12.0
|
23.0
|
8.0
|
20.0
|
28.0 (Note 1)
|
Two-way aisle
|
24.0
|
23.0
|
8.0
|
31.0
|
39.0 (Note 1)
|
up to 53 degrees
|
12.0
|
9.0
|
20.0
|
32.0
|
52.0 (Note 2)
|
54 to 74 degrees
|
15.0
|
9.0
|
20.0
|
36.5
|
58.0 (Note 2)
|
75 to 90 degrees
|
20.0
|
9.0
|
20.0
|
40.0
|
60.0
|
Notes:
1. Parallel spaces shall provide a three-foot marked maneuvering area between stalls.
2. Limited to one-way access aisles.
(2) Driveways providing access to residential, commercial or industrial uses shall comply with the following standards
Driveway Width Standards | ||||
Normal Width | Residential Single-Family | Multiple-Family | Commercial | Industrial |
One-way
|
9 feet
|
15 feet
|
15 feet
|
20 feet
|
Two-way
|
N.A.
|
24 feet*
|
24 feet*
|
31 feet*
|
* Main access driveways and internal circulation routes used by tractor-trailers shall be 31 feet in width.
(C) Stacking spaces. Stacking spaces shall be provided as required in the Schedule of Off-street Parking. Stacking spaces shall be a minimum of ten feet wide and 20 feet in length, shall not extend into any public right-of-way or private access easement, and shall be distinctly separated from on-site parking so as not to interfere with ingress and egress to parking spaces.
(D) Ingress and egress. All spaces shall be provided with adequate access by means of clearly defined maneuvering lanes and driveways. Spaces backing directly onto a street shall be prohibited. Entrances and exits from off-street parking lots shall be located at least 20 feet from the nearest point of any property zoned for single-family residential use.
(E) Surfacing and drainage.
(1) Grading, surfacing, and drainage plans shall comply with City Engineering Standards and shall be subject to review and approval by the City DPS Director. All off-street parking areas, access lanes, driveways and other vehicle maneuvering areas shall be hard-surfaced with concrete or plant- mixed bituminous material.
(2) Off-street parking areas, access lanes, and driveways shall be graded and drained so as to dispose of surface waters. Surface water shall not be permitted to drain onto adjoining property, unless in accordance with an approved drainage plan.
(F) Curbs and wheel chocks. A curb of at least six inches in height shall be installed to prevent motor vehicles from being driven or parked so that any part of the vehicle extends within two feet of abutting landscaped areas, sidewalks, streets, buildings, or adjoining property. In lieu of a curb, wheel chocks may be provided to prevent vehicles from extending over grass areas, setback lines, or lot lines. A freeway-type guardrail is prohibited from use in lieu of curbs or wheel chocks.
(G) Lighting. All parking areas, driveways, and walkways shall be illuminated to ensure the security of property and the safety of persons using those areas, in accordance with the requirements set forth in § 154.030. All lighting shall be confined within and directed onto the parking area only.
(H) Buildings. No building or structure shall be permitted on an off-street parking lot, except for a maintenance building/attendant shelter, which shall not be more than 50 square feet in area and not more than 15 feet in height
(I) Signs. Accessory directional signs shall be permitted in parking areas in accordance with city sign regulations. The Planning Commission, upon review and recommendation of the Public Safety Official, may require the Posting of traffic control signs as it deems necessary to promote vehicular and pedestrian traffic.
(K) Striping. To facilitate movement and to help maintain an orderly parking arrangement, all parking spaces shall be clearly striped with four-inch wide lines.
(L) Maintenance. All parking areas shall be maintained free of dust, trash, and debris. Surfacing, curbing, lighting fixtures, signage, lane marking, space striping, and related appurtenances shall be maintained in good condition.
(Ord. 92-005, passed 2-17-92; Am. Ord. 10-009, passed 10-5-09; Am. Ord. 14-006, passed 12-8-14) Penalty, see § 154.999
§ 154.069 RESIDENTIAL DISTRICTS PARKING AND DRIVEWAY STANDARDS.
(A) Driveways. For lots with single family residences no portion of the front yard shall be paved or used for a vehicle access driveway except in compliance with the following standards:
(1) Required paving. Driveways in the front and side yards shall be paved with concrete, asphalt or masonry paver blocks and shall be prohibited from using gravel, mulch or any other surface except that pervious concrete, asphalt and masonry pavers may be permitted in the front and side yard.
(2) Driveway approaches. The approach located in the right-of-way connecting the road travel lane to the private driveway shall not be greater than 20 feet in width at the front lot line. Driveways on the residential lot shall match the width of the approach within the first ten feet from the front lot line.
(3) Residences with no garage or detached garages. Lots with no garage or a detached garage shall be permitted one driveway that shall not exceed 20 feet in width. Lots with no garage or a detached garage may also be permitted to have one circular driveway.
(4) Residences with an attached garage. Lots with attached garages shall be permitted one driveway located between the attached garage, the closest side lot line and the front lot line. Lots with attached garages may also be permitted to have a circular driveway.
(5) Circular driveways. Circular driveways may be permitted in the front yard and shall be no greater than 12 feet in width. A circular driveway shall be setback at least five feet from the closest point of the circular drive and the residential portion of the principal building. The required setback area between the circular driveway and the residential portion of the principal building shall be a green space planted with a grass lawn and other living material. A minimum of 300 square feet of green space shall be required between the circular driveway and the front lot line.
(6) Residences on principal arterials. Single family residences located on Warren Road, Ford Road, Cherry Hill Road, Inkster Road, Middlebelt Road, Merriman Road and Venoy Road may be allowed one ten foot by 15 foot t-turn around driveway stub located perpendicular to a permitted driveway. The t-turn around shall be for the express purpose of allowing vehicles leaving the property to turn around and exit in a forward direction. The t-turn around may be located in front of the residential portion of the principal structure and shall comply with the pavement requirement of this section.
(B) Permitted parking areas. Vehicle parking shall only be permitted on hard surface driveways in the front and side yards. Parking may be located on any durable surface in the rear yard.
(C) Commercial vehicle parking. One commercial vehicle only, with a rated capacity not to exceed three-quarter of a ton, may be parked on a residential lot, provided that the vehicle in not a utility truck, such as a wrecker, septic tank pumper, or a vehicle that carries flammable or toxic materials. Commercial vehicles not parked in a garage shall be parked in a rear yard.
(D) Recreational vehicle parking. Recreational vehicles as defined in § 154.005, including campers and other recreational equipment, may be parked or stored on the recreational vehicle owner's single family residential property subject to the following conditions.
(1) Connection to utilities. Recreational vehicles parked or stored shall not be connected to electricity, water, gas, or sanitary sewer facilities.
(2) Use as living quarters. At no time shall recreational vehicles parked or stored in residential districts be used for living or housekeeping purposes.
(3) Location. Recreational vehicles not parked in a garage shall be parked or stored entirely in the rear or side yard, but not less than five feet to a side or rear property line which abuts a residential use. On a corner lot, recreational vehicles must be parked and/or stored not less than 20 feet from an adjoining street.
(4) Temporary parking. Notwithstanding the above provisions concerning location, recreational vehicles may be parked on a driveway within a front yard for loading or unloading purposes for a period of not more than 48 hours prior to and 48 hours after use of the vehicle within a seven-day period.
(5) Lot coverage. Recreational vehicles may occupy no more than 20% (existing standards) of the required rear yard.
(6) Sole transportation. A recreational vehicle designed for use on streets and highways may be parked in a driveway of a residence if it is the sole means of transportation to and from work for one or more of the permanent residents.
(7) Condition. Parked or stored recreational vehicles must be kept in good repair. Vehicles capable of being moved from place to place under their own power must be maintained in good running condition. All vehicles must be properly registered in the name of the occupant of the dwelling unit, and, if required, have a current State of Michigan license attached.
(8) Storage of mobile homes. The parking or storage of an unoccupied mobile home as defined in § 154.005, being designed as a permanent structure for residential occupancy, is prohibited, except as may be permitted in an approved mobile home park.
(9) Waiver of regulations. The provisions concerning connection to utilities, use as living quarters, and location may be waived for a single period of up to two weeks to permit repair of the occupant's or owner's equipment, or to permit the parking of a recreational vehicle of a guest. Any waiver shall be obtained from the Zoning Administrator.
(10) Multiple-family complexes and mobile home parks. The Planning Commission may require that a screened storage area be provided on the site of a multiple-family complex or mobile home park for parking and storage of recreational vehicles.
(E) Vehicle storage and repair prohibited. The following is prohibited in all residential districts.
(1) The storage of an inoperable or unlicensed motor vehicle as defined in the State Motor Vehicle Code, unless stored in compliance with division (D)(3) of this section.
(2) The storage of any recreational vehicle as defined in this chapter, except in compliance with division (C) of this section.
(3) The repair or maintenance of any vehicle which renders the vehicle inoperable for a period in excess of 72 hours, unless the vehicle under repair is registered to the owner of the property and the repair or maintenance activities are conducted entirely within an enclosed garage or other enclosed structure approved for that purpose by the city.
(Ord. 92-005, passed 2-17-92; Am. Ord. 24-008, passed 8-26-24) Penalty, see § 154.999
§ 154.070 OFF-STREET LOADING SPACE REQUIREMENTS.
(A) Scope of loading space requirements. Compliance with the leading space regulations set forth herein shall be required in order to avoid interference with the public use of streets, alleys, parking areas, driveways, sidewalks, and other public areas.
(1) General applicability. On the same premises with every building, or part thereof, erected and occupied for manufacturing, storage, warehousing, display and sale of goods, including department stores, wholesale stores, markets, hotels, hospitals, mortuaries, laundries, dry cleaning establishments, and other uses involving the receipt or distribution of materials, merchandise, or vehicles, there shall be provided and maintained adequate space for loading and unloading as required in this section.
(2) Change in use or intensity. Whenever use of a building, structure, or lot is changed, loading space shall be provided as required by this chapter for the new use, regardless of any variance which may have been in effect prior to change of use.
(B) General requirements.
(1) Location. Required loading space shall be located to the rear or side of the building being served to the maximum extent possible such that it is screened from view from adjoining roads. Loading/unloading operations shall not interfere with vehicular traffic circulation on streets, alleys, or within off-street parking areas. Loading/unloading areas shall not be placed in required fire lanes.
(2) Dimensions. Unless otherwise specified, each required loading space shall be a minimum of ten feet in width and 50 feet in length, with a minimum vertical clearance of 15 feet.
(3) Surfacing and drainage. Loading areas shall be hard-surfaced with concrete or plant-mixed bituminous material. Leading areas shall be graded and drained so as to dispose of surface waters. Grading, surfacing, and drainage plans shall be subject to review and approval by the City DPS Director. Surface water shall not be permitted to drain onto adjoining property, a public easement, a public right- of-way, or into the city sanitary sewer system, except in accordance with a city-approved drainage plan.
(4) Storage and repair prohibited. The storage of merchandise, sale of motor vehicles, storage of inoperable vehicles, or repair of vehicles is prohibited in required loading space.
(5) Use of loading space. A required loading space shall be dedicated to loading and unloading purposes and shall not be counted or used for required parking.
(6) Central loading. Central loading facilities may be substituted for individual loading spaces serving businesses on separate lots provided that all of the following conditions are fulfilled.
(a) Each business served shall have direct access to the central loading area without crossing a public street or alley.
(b) Total loading space provided shall meet the minimum requirements specified herein, in consideration of total floor area of all businesses served by the central loading space.
(c) No building served shall be more than 300 feet from the central loading area.
(7) Minimum loading space. The amount of required loading space shall be determined in accordance with the schedule which follows. In a Planned Development District, the Planning Commission may modify the minimum requirements. In other districts, the Zoning Board of Appeals may reduce or modify the standards upon making the determination that another standard would be more appropriate in consideration of the number or type of deliveries expected or experienced for a particular use or site.
(8) Schedule of loading space requirements.
Gross Floor Area | Number of Loading Spaces |
0 - 5,000 sq. ft.
|
See footnote
|
5,001 - 20,000 sq. ft.
|
1 space
|
20,001 - 100,000 sq. ft.
|
1 space, plus 1 space for each 20,000 sq. ft. in excess of 20,001 sq. ft.
|
100,001 and over
|
5 spaces, plus 1 space for each 50,000 sq. ft. in excess of 100,000 sq. ft.
|
Footnote to schedule of loading space requirements:
Establishments containing less than 5,000 square feet of gross floor area shall provide adequate dedicated off-street loading space that is accessible by motor vehicles but which does not interfere with pedestrian or vehicular traffic. The size of any loading space shall be based on the types of delivery vehicles typically utilized by the establishment
(C) Modification of loading space requirements.
(1) In a Planned Development District, the Planning Commission may modify the minimum requirements.
(2) The Planning Commission may modify or waive the requirements for off-street loading areas, upon determining that adequate loading space is available to serve the building or use, or that provision of such loading space is unnecessary or impractical to provide.
(3) The Planning Commission upon determination that the modified size and/or number of spaces are appropriate for the use may modify the size of loading spaces and the number of spaces for a use.
(Ord. 92-005, passed 2-17-92; Am .Ord. 10-009, passed 10-5-09) Penalty, see § 154.999
§ 154.071 ACCESS MANAGEMENT.
The purpose of this section is to protect the substantial public investment in the city's street system by preserving the traffic capacity of existing streets. It is the further intent of this section to promote safe and efficient travel within the city; minimize disruptive and potentially hazardous traffic conflicts; establish efficient standards for driveway spacing and the number of driveways; and ensure reasonable vehicular access to properties, though not always the most direct access.
(A) Zoning districts. The standards of this section shall apply to land in Garden City's nonresidential zoning districts only.
(B) County or state access management standards. Where Wayne County or the Michigan Department of Transportation (MDOT) have adopted access management standards which are more restrictive than the standards of this section, the adopted county or MDOT standards shall supersede the standards of this section.
(C) Driveway spacing standards. Each parcel or part thereof subject to the standards of this section shall have no more than one driveway entrance and exit opening to a public street for each 75 feet of frontage or fraction thereof.
(1) Where more than one driveway is allowed, the driveways shall be located at least 30 feet apart.
(2) No driveway shall be located within 25 feet of a side lot boundary, or within 25 feet of an intersection of two or more street rights-of-way.
(D) Shared access standards. Vehicle access to parcels or parts thereof subject to the standards of this section may be provided by the development and use of shared driveways, cross-access drives, and similar means of shared access, subject to the following:
(1) Location. New shared driveways and cross-access drives shall be aligned with existing or proposed drives on adjacent lots where feasible, and shall be located parallel or perpendicular to the street right-of-way, as appropriate.
(2) Cross-access easement. Shared driveways and cross-access drives shall be located within a dedicated access easement that permits traffic circulation between lots. Such access easement shall be recorded with the County Register of Deeds.
(3) Maintenance. The easement area shall remain clear of obstructions and shall not be used for parking unless otherwise approved by the Planning Commission. Each property owner shall be responsible for maintenance of the shared access easement area.
(E) Allowed modification. The Planning Commission may waive certain requirements of this section if practical difficulties exist on the site that make compliance unreasonable (i.e., sight distance limitations, existing development, topography, unique site configuration or shape) or existing off-site driveways make it impractical to comply with the standards of this section. The modification shall be the minimum necessary.
(Ord. 11-004, passed 4-11-11) Penalty, see § 154.999