(A) Purpose and intent; definition.
(1) The purpose of the Water Supply Watershed (WS) Overlay District and the standards set forth under this section are to protect and manage surface water supply watersheds pursuant to the Water Supply Watershed Act of 1989 and G.S. 143-214.5, as amended.
(2) The standards contained herein shall be in addition to the standards of the underlying zoning district(s).
(3) For purposes of this section a Water Supply Watershed (WS) District is defined as an overlay zoning district which controls development density and intensity through minimum lot area and maximum impervious surface coverage (built-upon area) standards within the regulated water supply watersheds.
(1) The provisions of this section shall apply within the areas designated as a surface water supply watershed by the North Carolina Environmental Management Commission and as illustrated on the map entitled, “Watershed Protection Map of Pitt County, North Carolina,” which is incorporated herein by reference.
(2) The regulated area(s) are hereby adopted by reference as overlay zoning district(s) entitled “Water Supply Watershed (WS) District” and included on the official zoning map of the city. Where any discrepancy is found to exist as to the boundaries of the regulated area(s) as illustrated and described by and between the official zoning map of the City of Greenville and the “Watershed Protection Map of Pitt County, North Carolina,” the more restrictive shall apply.
(3) The regulated area is hereby further divided into two districts entitled “Water Supply Watershed - Critical (WS-C)” and “Water Supply Watershed - Protected (WS-P).” The boundaries of these districts are illustrated and described on the map entitled “Watershed Protection Map of Pitt County, North Carolina,” and the official zoning map of the City of Greenville.
(4) The provisions of this section shall apply to regulated area(s) both within the city limits and within the extraterritorial zoning jurisdiction of the city as amended.
(C) Watershed classification.
(1) The Environmental Management Commission of North Carolina has classified all surface water supply watersheds within the city’s zoning jurisdiction as WS-IV. The Commission has further divided the regulated area as described herein into critical and protected areas.
(2) Critical areas (WS-C) are defined as the area adjacent to a water supply intake where the risk associated with pollution is greater than from remaining portions of the watershed. The critical area, as illustrated on the Watershed Protection Map, extends one-half mile upstream from the intake located directly in the river, or to the ridge line of the watershed, whichever comes first.
(3) Protected areas (WS-P) are defined as those areas adjoining and upstream of the critical area in which protection measures are required. The boundaries of the protected area extend ten miles upstream and draining to the intake located directly from the river, or to the ridge line of the watershed, whichever comes first.
(D) Applicability. All new development activities, commenced after the effective date (July 1, 1993) of this section, requiring a sedimentation and erosion control plan shall comply with the provisions of this section.
(1) Single-family dwelling or addition(s) thereto located on an individual lot of record established prior to the effective date (July 1, 1993) of this section.
(2) Existing development as defined and regulated in accordance with Article C of this chapter.
(3) Completion of nonconforming projects allowed in accordance with Article C of this chapter.
(4) Additional exclusions as defined in 15A NCAC 02B.0624(3).
(F) Certificates of watershed protection compliance.
(1) The City Engineer or his or her designated representative is hereby authorized to issue certificates of watershed protection compliance for activities subject to this section.
(2) A certificate of watershed protection compliance shall be required for all activities within the regulated area in addition to other zoning compliance permits or other approvals as may be required. No land disturbing activity within the regulated area shall begin until a certificate of watershed protection compliance has been issued in accordance with this section.
(3) Subdivision plats and site plans approved after the effective date (July 1, 1993) of this section shall be subject to the following requirements.
(a) The boundaries of the Water Supply Watershed Protected (WS-P) and Critical (WS-C) Districts shall be indicated on all preliminary and final subdivision plats and site plans.
(b) Where any portion of land proposed for subdivision lies within a Watershed Protection District a certificate of watershed protection compliance shall be included on all final subdivision plats. The certificate shall read as follows:
Certificate of Approval for Recording
I certify that the final plat shown hereon complies with the Water Supply Watershed Overlay District standards in accordance with
Title 9, Chapter 4, Zoning of the Greenville City Code and is approved for recordation in the Register of Deeds.
_________________________________ _____________
Notice: This property, or part indicated, is located within a Public Water Supply Watershed and development restrictions may apply.
(c) Where any portion of land proposed for development lies within a watershed protection district a certificate of watershed protection compliance signed and sealed by a professional engineer shall be included on all site development plans. The certificate shall read as follows:
Certificate of Watershed Protection Compliance
I, ________, hereby certify that the site development plan shown hereon complies with the Water Supply Watershed Overlay District standards in accordance with
Title 9, Chapter 4, Zoning of the Greenville City Code.
______________________ ____________
(G) Enforcement. The City Engineer or his or her authorized representative is hereby designated by the City Council as its agent for the enforcement of these regulations.
(H) Development restrictions.
(1) Critical area (WS-C). Low density option:
(a) Single-family residential development shall not exceed two dwelling units per gross acre on a project-by-project basis. No single-family residential lot shall be less than one-half acre or 20,000 square feet in area, excluding street rights-of-way, except as provided under section
9-4-197(H)(3) for cluster development.
(b) All other residential and nonresidential development shall not exceed 24% built-upon area on a project-by-project basis. For purposes of calculating built-upon area, total project area shall include total acreage in the tract on which the project is to be developed.
(2) Protected area (WS-P). Low density option:
(a) Single-family residential development shall not exceed two dwelling units per gross acre on a project-by-project basis. No single-family residential lot shall be less than one-half acre or 20,000 square feet in area, excluding street rights-of-way, or 15,000 square feet in area, excluding street rights-of-way, for projects without curb and gutter street construction and an underground piped storm drainage system, except as provided under section
9-4-197(H)(3) for cluster development and section
9-4-197(H)(4) for high density development.
(b) Except as otherwise provided, all other residential and nonresidential development shall not exceed 24% built-upon area on a project-by-project basis. For projects without curb and gutter street construction and an underground piped storm drainage system, development shall not exceed 36% built-upon area on a project-by-project basis. For purposes of calculating built-upon area, total project area shall include total acreage in the tract on which the project is to be developed.
(3) Clustering. Clustering of development shall be allowed on a project-by-project basis subject to all of the following requirements:
(a) Overall density of the project shall meet the associated density or stormwater runoff requirements of the controlling water supply watershed district classification, WS-C or WS-P;
(b) Single-family detached residential developments shall be subject to the provisions of Article F and Article M of this chapter;
(c) Two-family attached (duplex) residential developments shall be subject to the provisions of Article F of this chapter;
(d) Multi-family residential developments shall be subject to the provisions of Article I of this chapter;
(e) Mobile home development shall be subject to the provisions of Article F and Article H of this chapter;
(f) Nonresidential developments shall be subject to the provisions of Article F of this chapter;
(g) Built-upon areas shall be designed and cited to minimize stormwater runoff impact to the receiving waters and to minimize concentrated stormwater flow in accordance with best management practices in the opinion of the City Engineer; and
(h) The area by which each lot is reduced below the minimum lot area requirement of this section shall be reserved as perpetual open space. Such open space shall be set forth by description and notation upon a final subdivision map and any development or other land disturbing activity shall be prohibited within the area. Specifically, the open space area shall be perpetually maintained in its vegetated or natural state.
(4) Protected area (WS-P). High density option: Where new development exceeds the low density limits provided in section
9-4-197(H)(2), engineered stormwater controls shall be used to control stormwater runoff from the development site and development shall not exceed 70% built- upon area. High density development shall meet the requirements of section
9-4-197(O) and 15A NCAC 02B.0624(7).
(I) Buffer area required.
(1) A vegetative buffer, as measured from top of bank, shall be required for new development activities along each side of all perennial waters indicated on the most recent versions of the U.S.G.S. 1:24,000 (7.5 minute) scale topographical maps, or as determined by local government studies, in accordance with the following:
Low density option - Minimum 50 feet.
High density option - Minimum 100 feet.
(2) No new development is allowed in the buffer area except for water dependent structures, other structures such as flag poles, signs and security lights which result in only diminutive increase in impervious area and public projects such as road crossings and greenways where no practicable alternative exists. These activities should minimize built-upon area, direct runoff away from the surface waters and maximize the utilization of stormwater best management practices.
(3) Desirable artificial streambank or shoreline stabilization may be permitted.
(J) Prohibited uses. Regardless of the underlying zoning district, the following uses are prohibited in the Water Supply Watershed - Critical (WS-C) District.
(2) Sites for land application of residual or petroleum contaminated soils.
(1) Prior to final consideration by the Board of Adjustment as authorized by Article S of this chapter, all major variance requests shall be reviewed by the N.C. Environmental Management Commission. For purposes of this section a “major variance” is defined as:
(a) Any variance that constitutes greater than a 10% deviation from any numerical standard specified by this section; or
(b) Any variance to any standard set forth under the high density development option.
(2) The Board of Adjustment shall not be authorized to grant or approve any major variance which has not first been reviewed by and received approval of the N.C. Environmental Management Commission.
(3) Prior to Board of Adjustment consideration of any variance the Director of Planning and Development Services or his or her designated representative shall notify in writing each local government having jurisdiction within the subject watershed and each local government or other entity using the watershed for water consumption, including private water corporations and the like. The notice shall contain a copy of the complete application as submitted, including a description of the variance and any required map. The local government(s) and/or other entities may submit written comments for consideration by the Board of Adjustment.
(4) The findings and recommendation of the N.C. Environmental Management Commission and any written comments of the local government(s) having jurisdiction within the subject watershed shall be made a part of the findings of fact and record of the Board of Adjustment. Such findings, recommendations and written comments and other competent evidence as may be presented shall be considered by the Board of Adjustment in accordance with law.
(5) If an application calls for the granting of a major variance, and if the Board of Adjustment decides in favor of granting the variance, the Board shall prepare a preliminary record of the hearing. The preliminary record of the hearing shall include: the variance application; the hearing notices; the evidence presented; motions, offers of proof, objections to evidence, and rulings on them; proposed findings and exceptions; and the proposed decision, including all conditions proposed to be added to the permit. The preliminary record shall be sent to the Environmental Management Commission for its review as follows:
(a) If the Commission concludes from the preliminary record that the variance qualifies as a major variance and that both the property owner can secure no reasonable return from, nor make any practical use of the property unless the proposed variance is granted; and the variance, if granted, will not result in a serious threat to the water supply; then the Commission shall approve the variance as proposed or approve the proposed variance with conditions and stipulations. The Commission shall prepare a commission decision and send it to the Board of Adjustment. If the Commission approves the variance as proposed, the Board shall prepare a final decision granting the proposed variance. If the Commission approves the variance with conditions and stipulations, the Board shall prepare a final decision, including such conditions and stipulations, granting the proposed variance.
(b) If the Commission concludes from the preliminary record that the variance qualifies as a major variance and that either: the property owner can secure a reasonable return from or make a practical use of the property without the variance, or the variance, if granted, will result in a serious threat to the water supply, then the Commission shall deny approval of the variance as proposed. The Commission shall prepare a Commission decision and send it to the Board of Adjustment. The Board shall prepare a final decision denying the variance as proposed.
(L) Amendment. Amendment to the Water Supply Watershed Overlay District regulations as contained herein shall be filed with the N.C. Division of Environmental Management and the N.C. Division of Community Assistance. No amendment shall become effective until the city has received approval from the state as provided by law and the applicable water supply watershed protection rules.
(M) Record of amendments and variances.
(1) Amendments. The Director of Planning and Development Services or his or her designated representative shall keep a record of amendments to this section and provide copies of all amendments upon adoption to the Supervisor of the Classification and Standards Group, Water Quality Section, Division of Environmental Management, the N.C. Division of Environmental Health, and the N.C. Division of Community Assistance.
(2) Variances. The Director of Planning and Development Services or his or her designated representative shall keep a record of all variances from this section. This record shall be submitted to the Supervisor of the Classification and Standards Group, Water Quality Section, Division of Environmental Management on or before January 1 of each year and shall provide a description of each project receiving a variance and the reasons for granting the variance.
(N) Compliance with subdivision standards. All development regulated in accordance with this section shall be subject to the requirements, conditions and restrictions of the subdivision regulations whether or not the subject tract is actually divided for the purpose of transferring title.
(O) Stormwater management requirements.
(1) All stormwater management techniques and improvements shall be in accordance with best management practices (BMPs). For purposes of this section, “best management practices (BMPs)” are defined as structural or nonstructural management-based practice used singularly or in combination to reduce nonpoint source inputs to receiving waters in order to achieve water quality protection goals.
(2) Stormwater controls shall be reviewed, regulated and improved pursuant to
Title 9, Chapter 9, Stormwater Management and Control, of the Greenville City Code.
(Ord. No. 2640, § 1, 6-10-93; Ord. No. 94-41, §§ 1–3, passed 3-10-1994; Ord. No. 97-15, §§ 1–7, passed 2-13-1997; Ord. No. 06-75, § 1, passed 8-10-2006; Ord. No. 18-055 §§ 1-7, passed 10-11-2018; Ord. 19-045, § 1, passed 9-12-2019)