Hempfield Township City Zoning Code
ARTICLE XXI
Parking and Loading
§ 87-134 General off-street parking requirements.
In all districts, off-street parking spaces for vehicles shall be provided in connection with every industrial, commercial, institutional, recreational, residential or other use, whenever any building or structure is erected, enlarged or increased in capacity. Such parking shall be provided in accordance with all requirements of this article except where supplemented or superseded by specific requirements pertaining to a particular overlay district.
§ 87-135 Size of parking spaces.
A.
Perpendicular and angled parking spaces shall have minimum rectangular dimensions of nine feet in width, 18 feet in length and a minimum of 162 square feet of area, exclusive of access or accessible aisles and curbs.
B.
Parallel parking spaces shall have minimum rectangular dimensions of 10 feet in width and 22 feet in length, exclusive of access or accessible aisles and curbs.
§ 87-136 Access aisles, fire lanes and driveways.
A.
Parking access aisles shall have adequate provisions for ingress and egress to all parking spaces as provided in the following table:
Table 10 | ||
|---|---|---|
Required Access Aisle Width | ||
Type of Parking Space | Minimum Width of Access Aisle (feet) | |
Parallel | 12 | |
Angle (up to 45%) | 14 | |
Angle (46% to 60%) | 16 | |
Perpendicular (90%) | 24 | |
B.
Angled parking, other than 90°, shall have access aisles restricted to one-way traffic lanes, permitting head-in parking.
C.
Fire lanes. Fire lanes shall be installed and constructed in accordance with the requirements of the International Fire Code, 2009 Edition, Appendix D, Fire Apparatus Access Roads.
[Amended 11-23-2016 by Ord. No. 2016-12]
D.
No driveway, access aisle or street used for interior circulation shall have traffic lanes less than 12 feet in width.
E.
Access aisles for drive-through facilities and bank drive-through windows and automated teller machines shall be a minimum 12 feet in width.
F.
Driveways and curb cuts shall have direct alignment with driveways and curb cuts on opposite lots, provided they meet all other requirements of this chapter.
§ 87-137 Shared driveways and cross access between parking areas.
A.
To reduce traffic congestion and the number of curb cuts along public streets, shared driveways and cross access between parking areas on adjacent parcels shall be encouraged. Cross-access drives through rear or side yard access drives shall be constructed parallel to the public street.
§ 87-138 Shared parking.
A.
The use of shared parking for two or more adjoining land uses, whether located in a mixed-use development or separately owned, shall be encouraged, provided the applicant can demonstrate that sufficient spaces will be available to meet the needs of all uses as established in the following subsections.
B.
To accommodate the usage of the same parking spaces for two or more land uses, a lower number of required parking spaces may be permitted where peak demand for parking occurs during different hours. The following provisions apply to shared parking:
(1)
The required parking for mixed uses shall be computed as follows:
(a)
Determine the minimum amount of parking required for each land use.
(b)
Using the table below, determine the number of spaces needed by each use for each of the four time periods by multiplying the parking required for each use by the corresponding percentage of use for that time period.
(c)
Calculate the total number of spaces needed for all uses for each time period.
(d)
The time period with the highest number of parking spaces required for the sum of all uses shall be the number of parking spaces required.
Table 11 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Shared Use Parking Calculation | |||||
Use | Weekday | Weekend | |||
Daytime (8:00 a.m. - 6:00 p.m.) | Evening (6:00 p.m. - 11:00 p.m.) | Daytime (8:00 a.m. - 6:00 p.m.) | Evening (6:00 p.m. - 11:00 p.m.) | ||
Office/industrial | 100% | 10% | 10% | 5% | |
Retail/personal services | 60% | 90% | 100% | 70% | |
Hotel | 75% | 100% | 75% | 100% | |
Residential | 50% | 75% | 100% | 80% | |
Restaurant | 75% | 100% | 100% | 100% | |
Entertainment/ recreational | 40% | 100% | 80% | 100% | |
All other uses | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | |
(2)
Where the hours of operation for a specific use or uses differ substantially from those assumed in the above table, the applicant can request that a parking needs analysis be used to calculate the parking need for the corresponding time periods. The applicant shall have the burden of establishing the intended hours of operation, and the Township, upon review of such information, may agree at its discretion that different percentages be used to calculate the parking needs. The parking needs analysis shall be prepared at the applicant's expense by a person or firm trained and certified to perform such studies.
(3)
For subsequent changes in use or in the event the Township determines that inadequate parking which creates a public safety concern exists, then a new occupancy permit will be required and/or proof of sufficient parking will be required.
C.
Agreement for shared parking plan. Where parking is being shared between uses under separate ownership, a shared parking plan shall be enforced through written agreement. An attested copy of the agreement between the owners of record shall be submitted to the Zoning/Code Enforcement Officer, who shall forward a copy to the Township Solicitor for review and approval. Proof of recordation of the agreement shall be presented to the Zoning/Code Enforcement Officer prior to issuance of a certificate of occupancy. The agreement shall:
(1)
List the names and ownership interest of all parties to the agreement and contain the signatures of those parties;
(2)
Provide a legal description of the land;
(3)
Include a land development plan showing the area of the parking parcel;
(4)
Describe the area of the parking parcel and designate and reserve it for shared parking unencumbered by any conditions which would interfere with its use;
(5)
Agree and expressly declare the intent for the covenant to run with the land and bind all parties and all successors in interest to the covenant;
(6)
Assure the continued availability of the spaces for joint use and provide assurance that all spaces will be usable to all participating uses;
(7)
Describe the method by which the covenant, upon approval by the Township, may be revised; and
(8)
Provide that the Township shall have the right to enforce the agreement.
§ 87-139 Location of parking areas.
A.
Except where shared parking is being used, all parking shall be provided on the same lot with the principal use it is intended to serve.
B.
In residential districts, no parking shall be permitted in the required front yard, except in a driveway that leads directly to a dwelling unit or an integral or detached garage.
§ 87-140 Minimum standards for parking areas.
A.
Parking areas requiring 5,000 or more square feet of land disturbance area shall be graded for proper drainage and surfaced so as to provide durable and dustless macadam constructed of asphalt, concrete, prefabricated pavers or other acceptable materials.
B.
All parking areas shall be designed so that the stormwater runoff shall not adversely affect adjacent properties. The method of stormwater management and the design of the proposed facilities shall be subject to the requirements of the Hempfield Township Stormwater Management and Land Development Ordinance.
[Amended 11-23-2016 by Ord. No. 2016-12]
C.
For all parking areas containing five or more spaces, the entire street frontage, except where ingress or egress areas are proposed, shall be curbed to restrict access to the parking area.
D.
All parking areas requiring five or more spaces shall be clearly delineated by painted lines, which shall be double-striped.
E.
Parking spaces shall be provided with bumper guards or wheel stops for pedestrian safety or the protection of adjacent structures, property or landscaping.
F.
No parking spaces shall be located closer to the edge of an adjacent street right-of-way line or lot line than 10 feet or the required buffer area setback.
G.
Accessible parking spaces, passenger loading zones and access aisles shall have a maximum slope and cross slope of 2%.
I.
Upon special conditions or circumstances, the Township Engineer may recommend and the Board of Supervisors may approve the use of alternate designs and materials for parking areas.
J.
Shopping cart return areas. A minimum of one shopping cart return area shall be provided for each 10,000 square feet of gross floor area in retail stores that provide shopping carts. Shopping cart return areas shall be measured nine feet by 18 feet and shall provide containment on three sides and shall be identified by the above-grade sign secured to the containment structure. The surface area of the sign shall not exceed four square feet.
[Added 11-23-2016 by Ord. No. 2016-12]
§ 87-141 Number of required parking spaces.
A.
The minimum number of parking spaces required for each use is set forth in Table 12.
[Amended 11-23-2016 by Ord. No. 2016-12]
Table 12 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
Parking Requirements | |||
Type of Use | Minimum Spaces Required | ||
RESIDENTIAL | |||
Single-family detached dwelling | 2 for each unit | ||
Multifamily dwelling, any | 1 3/4 for each unit with 2 bedrooms or less and 2 for each unit having more than 2 bedrooms | ||
Mobile home park | 2 for each unit | ||
Conservation subdivision | Determined in accordance with single- and multifamily requirements above | ||
Assisted living facility or personal care home | 1 per each assisted living unit and 1 for each employee on the peak shift | ||
Skilled care facility | 1 per 3 beds and 1 for each employee on the peak shift | ||
Senior citizen residential community | 2 for each unit | ||
Model homes | 1 for each unit | ||
Student home | A maximum of 4 off street parking spaces shall be provided in driveways or off street parking areas | ||
COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL | |||
Agricultural supply and equipment sales | 1 for every 400 square feet of gross floor rental and service area of sales and office space plus 1 for every 1,000 square feet of gross storage or warehouse space plus 1 for every 5,000 square feet of gross outdoor equipment storage and display area | ||
Animal hospital | 1 for every 250 square feet of gross floor area | ||
Art gallery | 1 for every 600 square feet of gross floor area open to the public | ||
Automobile repair, major or minor | 3 for each bay in addition to 1 for each employee | ||
Automobile sales | 1 for every 2,000 square feet of gross lot area or building area for employee and customer parking (excludes automobile display areas) | ||
Bank and financial institution | 1 for each 300 square feet of gross floor area plus 5 reservoir stacking spaces for each drive-up teller window | ||
Bed-and-breakfast | 1 for each offered sleeping room plus 2 for the permanent residents plus 1 for each employee on the maximum shift | ||
Car wash | 1 for each employee plus reservoir spaces in multiples of 6 for each bay | ||
Contractor's yard | 1 for every 1,000 square feet of gross floor area | ||
Day-care and nursery school, major or minor | 1 for each teacher, administrator or employee on a peak shift plus 1 for every 6 persons based on regulated maximum capacity | ||
Drive-through facility* | 1 per employee on a peak shift plus, unless otherwise mentioned, 8 reservoir stacking spaces for the first drive-through window plus 5 reservoir stacking spaces for each additional window | ||
Dry cleaning establishment* | 1 for each 250 square feet of gross floor area | ||
Dry-cleaning and laundry plant | 3, plus 1 for every 500 square feet of gross floor area in excess of 1,000 gross square feet of floor area | ||
Funeral homes and mortuaries | 1 for every 6 chapel or parlor seats | ||
Garden center, plant nursery or greenhouse | 1 for each staff position during the peak shift plus sufficient spaces to accommodate the peak load of customers | ||
Gas station, no convenience store* | 1 for every gas pump; 2 for each service bay | ||
Gas station, with convenience store* | 1 for every 100 square feet of gross floor area; 1 for every gas pump; 2 for each service bay | ||
Grocery, any size* | 1 for every 250 square feet of gross floor area | ||
Home and mobile home sales and display | 1 for each unit on display | ||
Hotel or inn* | 1 for each sleeping room plus additional spaces as required by other functions (bar, restaurant, etc.) | ||
Industrial park | 1 for every 1,250 square feet of gross floor area plus 1 for every 350 square feet of gross office or sales area | ||
Junkyard | 1 for every 2,000 square feet plus 1 employee space | ||
Kennel | 1 for every 400 square feet of gross floor area but not less than 4 | ||
Landfill or recycling facility | As determined by the Board of Supervisors following a parking analysis | ||
Laundry, self-service* | 1 for each 250 square feet of gross floor area | ||
Manufacturing, light | 1 for each 2,000 square feet of gross floor area plus 1 for each employee on the peak shift | ||
Mini-storage facility | 1 for every 100 storage units plus 3 for management staff | ||
Motel* | 1 for each sleeping room plus additional spaces as required by other functions (bar, restaurant, etc.) | ||
Planned shopping center, major or minor | |||
Less than 50,000 square feet | 5 per 1,000 square feet of gross floor area | ||
Between 50,000 and 300,000 square feet | 4.5 per 1,000 square feet of gross floor area | ||
More than 300,000 square feet | 4 per 1,000 square feet of gross floor area | ||
Printing and photocopying facility* | 1 for each 2,000 square feet of gross floor area plus 1 for each employee on the peak shift | ||
Professional office | 1 for every 350 square feet | ||
Research and testing laboratory | 1 for every 350 square feet of gross floor area | ||
Restaurant or tavern, sit-down* | 1 for every 65 square feet of gross floor area | ||
Restaurant, drive-in* | 3 for every 100 square feet of gross floor area | ||
Retail business, any size* | 1 for each 200 square feet of gross floor area | ||
School, instructional | 1 for every 200 square feet of gross floor area | ||
Service business* | 1 for every 200 square feet of gross floor area | ||
Sexually oriented business | 1 per occupant based on the occupancy load as determined by the Uniform Construction Code | ||
Specialty food store* | 1 for every 200 square feet of gross floor area | ||
Specialty retail* | 1 for each 200 square feet of gross floor area | ||
Supply yard | 1 for every 400 square feet of gross floor area for office and sales plus 1 for every 1,000 square feet of gross storage or warehouse space | ||
Technological industries | 1 for each 2,000 square feet of gross floor area plus 1 for each employee on the peak shift | ||
Television or appliance repair | 1 for every 400 square feet of gross floor area | ||
Theater, indoor* | 1 for each 3 seats | ||
Truck terminal | 1 for each employee on the peak shift plus 1 for each 1,000 square feet of gross floor area | ||
Warehousing and distribution facility | 1 for every 350 square feet of gross office area plus 1 for every 1,000 square feet of gross floor area of any other use | ||
Wholesale business | 1 for each employee on the peak shift plus 1 for each 3,500 square feet of gross floor area | ||
PUBLIC, NONPROFIT AND INSTITUTIONAL | |||
Airport | 1 per 4 seats in the waiting area plus 2 for every 3 employees on peak shift. | ||
Cemetery | 1 for each employee plus 1/4 for every seat of a chapel or assembly room | ||
Civic, social and fraternal club | 1 for each 100 square feet of gross floor area | ||
Communication antenna | None | ||
Communication equipment building | 1 for each employee on the peak shift plus 1 for each 1,000 square feet of gross floor area | ||
Communication tower | 2 for each tower | ||
College or university | 1 for every 2 students enrolled and 1 per staff; in addition, 1 for every 4 seats in places of assembly or other facilities accessible to the public. The greater quantity of parking shall be used. | ||
Elementary or secondary school | 3 for each classroom or administrative office plus 1 for every 4 students or 1 for every 4 seats in places of assembly or other facilities accessible to the public. The greater quantity of parking shall be used. | ||
Fire station | 1 per emergency vehicle plus 1 per employee on peak shift | ||
Hospital | 1 3/4 for each bed plus 1 for every 175 square feet of office, clinic or research space plus 1 for every 4 seats for teaching facilities | ||
Library | 1 for every 600 square feet of gross floor area open to the public | ||
Medical clinic, outpatient | 1 for every 200 square feet of gross floor area | ||
Municipal parking facility | N/A | ||
Municipal, state or federal building or facility | As determined by the Board of Supervisors following a parking analysis | ||
Museum | 1 for every 600 square feet of gross floor area open to the public | ||
Place of worship | 1 for every 4 seats in places of assembly | ||
Public utility building | 1 for every 350 square feet of gross office area plus 1 for every 1,000 square feet of gross floor area of any other use | ||
Sewage treatment plant | As determined by the Board of Supervisors following a parking analysis | ||
CONSERVATION, RECREATION AND NATURAL RESOURCE USES | |||
Agriculture | None, except 1 for every 200 square feet of gross floor area of buildings used for the sale of products produced on premises | ||
Animal feeding operation | None, except 1 for every 200 square feet of gross floor area of buildings used for the sale of products produced on premises | ||
Arboretum | 1 for each 2,500 square feet of area open to the public | ||
Camping facilities | 1 for each trailer hookup or campsite plus additional spaces as required by other functions (bar, restaurant, etc.) | ||
Concentrated animal feeding operation | None, except 1 for every 200 square feet of gross floor area of buildings used for the sale of products produced on premises | ||
Fish hatchery | 1 for each employee on peak shift | ||
Forestry | None | ||
Golf course with or without driving range | 4 for each green plus 50% of the requirements for any other associated use except those that have otherwise adequate provisions for parking, as determined by the Board of Supervisors | ||
Stand-alone driving range/mini-golf | 1 for every 100 square feet of gross recreation area | ||
Indoor recreation, commercial | 1 for every 100 square feet of gross recreation area | ||
Indoor recreation, public | As determined by the Board of Supervisors following a parking analysis | ||
Mineral extraction | None | ||
Outdoor recreation, commercial | 1 for every 200 square feet of gross recreation area | ||
Outdoor recreation, public | As determined by the Board of Supervisors following a parking analysis | ||
Sportsmen's clubs | As determined by the Board of Supervisors following a parking analysis | ||
Stable, commercial | 1 for each horse stall | ||
Wildlife sanctuaries | 1 for each 2,500 square feet of area open to the public | ||
NOTES: | ||
|---|---|---|
* | These parking requirements apply unless the use is part of a planned shopping center. | |
B.
Fractional numbers shall be increased to the next-highest whole number.
C.
Any modification to the required number of parking spaces may be granted by the Township if it determines, in its sole discretion, that such modification is supported by a parking needs analysis. The parking needs analysis shall document anticipated parking needs based on the combined utilization of all facilities on site simultaneously or demonstrating that the hours or days of peak parking needed for the use are so different that a lower total will adequately provide for all uses served by the facility. The parking needs analysis shall be prepared at the applicant's expense by a person or firm trained or certified to perform such studies.
D.
If there is a change in use of an existing building that requires an increase in the amount of required parking on any lot, the applicant shall be required to provide such additional parking before obtaining a zoning permit. The applicant may satisfy this requirement through a shared parking agreement with an adjacent lot. Inability to satisfy the new parking requirement shall be grounds for denying the application.
§ 87-142 Accessible parking requirements.
A.
Accessible parking, as defined in the Americans with Disabilities Act, shall be provided as per the following standards:
Table 13 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
Accessible Parking Space Requirements | |||
Total Parking Spaces Required | Minimum Number of Accessible Spaces Required | Minimum Number of Accessible Van Spaces Required | |
1 to 25 | 1 | 1 | |
26 to 50 | 2 | 1 | |
51 to 75 | 3 | 1 | |
76 to 100 | 4 | 1 | |
101 to 150 | 5 | 1 | |
151 to 200 | 6 | 1 | |
201 to 300 | 7 | 1 | |
301 to 400 | 8 | 1 | |
401 to 500 | 9 | 1 | |
501 to 1,000 | 2% of total spaces | 1 for every 8 accessible spaces | |
1,001 and over | 20 + 1 for every 100 over 1,000 | 1 for every 8 accessible spaces | |
B.
Valet parking facilities (provided a passenger loading zone is provided) are not required to provide accessible parking spaces; however, it is recommended that some self-parking accessible spaces be provided.
C.
Accessible parking spaces shall be located on the shortest route of travel from adjacent parking to an accessible building entrance.
D.
Accessible spaces shall be dispersed and located closest to accessible entrances of buildings with multiple entrances.
E.
Accessible parking space dimensions. Each accessible parking space shall contain a rectangular area of at least 19 feet long and 14 feet wide. One of every eight accessible parking spaces shall be at least 17 feet wide for van access. A minimum of one van-accessible space is required.
F.
Accessible parking spaces shall be designated as reserved by a sign showing the international symbol of accessibility. Van-accessible parking spaces shall have a sign showing the international symbol of accessibility with the phrase 'van accessible' below the symbol of accessibility. Accessible signs shall be located so as not to be obscured by a parked vehicle.
§ 87-143 Loading and unloading requirements.
A.
Whenever the normal operation of any development requires that goods, merchandise or equipment be routinely delivered to or shipped from that development, a sufficient off-street loading area must be provided in accordance with this section to accommodate the delivery or shipment operations in a safe and convenient manner.
B.
The loading area must be of sufficient size to accommodate the numbers and types of vehicles that are likely to use this area, given the nature of the development in question. The following table indicates the number of spaces that, presumptively, satisfy the standard set forth in this subsection. However, the Township Engineer may require more or less loading area if reasonably necessary to satisfy the foregoing standard.
Table 14 | ||
|---|---|---|
General Loading and Unloading Space Requirements | ||
Gross Floor Area of Building (square feet) | Number of Spaces | |
1,000 to 19,999 | 1 | |
20,000 to 79,999 | 2 | |
80,000 to 127,999 | 3 | |
128,000 to 191,999 | 4 | |
192,000 to 255,999 | 5 | |
256,000 to 319,999 | 6 | |
320,000 to 391,999 | 7 | |
For each additional 72,000 square feet or fraction thereof | Add 1 space | |
C.
Loading spaces shall be a minimum of 12 feet wide and 50 feet long. If located within a building or under an overhang, the space must provide a minimum of 14 feet of clearance in height. These dimensions may be altered by the Township Engineer if it is determined that a smaller or larger loading space is needed to accommodate vehicles delivering goods to the site.
D.
Loading areas shall be so located and designed so that the vehicles intended to use them can maneuver safely and conveniently to and from a public right-of-way and complete the loading and unloading operations without obstructing or interfering with use of any public right-of-way or any parking space or parking lot aisle.
E.
Loading areas shall be surfaced with an all-weather dustless material of adequate thickness to support the weight of a fully loaded vehicle.
F.
No area allocated to loading areas may be used to satisfy the area requirements for off-street parking, nor shall any portion of any off-street parking area be used to satisfy the area requirements for loading areas.
G.
All required loading areas shall be located on the same lot as the use to be served, and no portion of the vehicle shall project into any traffic lane. No loading area shall be located less than 100 feet from any residential district.
H.
No storage or motor vehicle repair work of any kind, except emergency work, shall be permitted within any required loading area.
I.
All off-street loading areas shall be separated from walkways, sidewalks, streets and alleys by curbing or other protective devices as approved by the Township Engineer.
J.
If there is a change in use of an existing building that requires an increase in the amount of loading or unloading space on any lot, the applicant shall be required to provide such additional space in accordance with all requirements of this subsection before obtaining an occupancy permit. Inability to satisfy this requirement shall be grounds for denying the application.