In all districts, every industrial, business, institutional, recreational, residential or other use shall provide, at the time of any change of use or when any building or structure is erected, enlarged or increased in capacity, off-street parking for motor vehicles in accordance with the requirements of this and other applicable sections of this chapter, especially site plan approval in accordance with Article XIV, landscaping in accordance with Article IX and the access management standards of Article XV.

Loading spaces shall be provided and maintained on the same premises with every building or structure erected, occupied, enlarged or intended to be for uses involving the receipt or distribution by vehicles of material or merchandise. No such activity shall use public right-of-way or parking area for standing, loading and unloading services.

Bus, taxi or passenger loading spaces may also be required, depending on the use.

For single-family detached, semidetached, two-family attached and accessory dwelling units, off-street parking shall be provided on the same lot with the building it serves.

For multifamily dwellings, required off-street parking shall be located as close to the use as possible, given site conditions, and in no case more than 200 feet from the building it is required to serve.

Access drives to any commercial or industrial district through any residential or mixed use or mixed use hamlet district shall not be considered to be a permitted use.

The location, dimensions and signage of handicapped parking shall meet the requirements of the New York State Uniform Fire Prevention and Building Code.

In places of public assembly in which patrons or occupants are accommodated in pews, benches or other similar seating facilities, each 24 inches of such seating shall be counted as one seat for the purpose of determining adequacy of parking.

If spaces are provided on the basis of employees or students, the number on the maximum shift or peak period shall be used.

Unless otherwise specified, off-street parking standards are based on square feet of all floor area, including the area of any accessory buildings.

The collective provision of off-street parking areas for two or more buildings or uses located on adjacent lots is permitted. Unless it has been demonstrated that joint use is appropriate in accordance with Subsection C below, the total of such off-street parking facilities shall not be less than the sum required for the various buildings or uses computed separately. Furthermore, the land upon which the collective facilities are located must be owned or leased by one or more of the collective users.

Off-site parking. Off-site parking meeting the location requirements of § 150-82 may be used to meet the requirements of this article. Such off-site parking shall be subject to deed, lease or contract restrictions acceptable to the Municipal Attorney, binding the owner, heirs or assigns to maintain the required number of spaces available throughout the life of such use.

Joint use. The off-street parking requirements of two or more uses, structures or parcels of land may be satisfied by the same parking or loading space used jointly to the extent that it can be shown by the owners or operators of the uses, structures or parcels that their operations and parking needs do not overlap at any point in time. If the uses, structures or parcels are under separate ownership, the right to joint use of the parking space must be evidenced by a deed, lease, contract or other appropriate written document to establish the joint use.

Applicants are encouraged to provide evidence of lessor parking and loading demand, if appropriate.

The Joint Planning Board, at its discretion, may require less off-street parking or loading if warranted based on the information presented. In any case where less off-street parking is required, the Joint Planning Board reserves the right to require the set-aside of additional open space sufficient to accommodate the amount of off-street parking which would ordinarily be required.

The Joint Planning Board also reserves the right to request additional information, such as but not limited to expected number of employees, students, expected attendance or expected deliveries, relevant to judging the adequacy of listed parking and loading standards. Such information may result in application of off-street parking standards higher than those listed.

For uses not listed, the required number of off-street parking or loading spaces shall be determined by the Joint Planning Board based on similarity to listed uses and information provided by the applicant.

In all cases, provided off-street parking and loading should be sufficient to prevent frequent on-street parking outside designated on-street parking areas by users or employees or the loading and unloading of passengers or materials from the public right-of-way in such a manner that is disruptive to traffic.

In addition to the off-street parking required, based on the following standards, one appropriately sized parking space shall be available for each commercial vehicle used in any business conducted on or from the premises.

The Joint Planning Board reserves the right to require off-street parking spaces suitable for vehicles with boats or trailers in tow.

Parking of any tractor-trailer combination, except in conjunction with provision of a commercial service to an owner or occupant of the property, shall be prohibited in any residential or mixed use or mixed use hamlet district. The parking of one tractor without an attached trailer which is owned by or leased to the occupant of a dwelling is allowed, subject to the availability of an off-street parking space which meets all the requirements of this chapter.

Adequate off-street loading space(s) shall be provided for any commercial, institutional or industrial use which involves receipt or distribution of goods.

All off-street parking shall be in accordance with the Livonia Design Criteria and Construction Specifications for Land Development.[1]

The size of a standard perpendicular off-street parking space shall be a minimum of nine feet wide by 20 feet long.

All parking areas, passageways and driveways serving commercial or industrial uses shall be illuminated adequately during the hours between sunset and sunrise when the parking area is in operation. Adequate shielding shall be provided by commercial and industrial uses to protect adjacent residential uses from the glare of such illumination and from that of automobile headlights.

Off-street parking areas shall include landscaping in accordance with Article XV, § 150-78.

Where parking spaces abut sidewalks, landscaped areas, lighting fixtures or fences, appropriate car stops shall be installed to prevent encroachment on or damage to such features.

All off-street parking areas of more than 20 spaces shall provide a snow storage area independent of required parking and loading areas.

All required parking areas shall be independent of required emergency access lanes, loading areas and drive-in queuing lanes.

Driveway location shall be in accordance with the access management standards of Article XV. In general, no driveway to an off-street parking area shall be located closer than 50 feet to the intersection of any two streets or within 20 feet of any side lot line, provided that sufficient distance will always remain for all required radii for said driveway. The distance from the driveway to the intersection shall be measured by extending the curbline of the intersecting street until it intersects the curbline, extending if necessary, of the driveway in question.

Driveways shall be designed to provide for the safe and efficient movement of traffic between the roadway and the site, to eliminate the potential for stacking of vehicles along the public right-of-way and to minimize interference with pedestrians and vehicles using the site and the public right-of-way. Driveway design standards shall be in accordance with the access management standards in Article XV.

Required loading spaces shall be 12 feet by 35 feet, with a fourteen-foot height clearance. If tractor-trailer deliveries are expected, at least one loading space 12 feet by 55 feet shall be provided.

All required loading areas shall be independent of required emergency access lanes, parking areas and drive-in queuing lanes.