Statement of Intent

This district is established to provide quiet, low density residential areas in those portions of the County where they currently exist and where expansion of such low density areas can reasonably occur. The regulations of this district are designed to promote harmonious residential communities and suitable environments for family life. Permitted uses thus are limited to relatively low concentrations of single family dwellings and complementary uses such as schools, churches, and parks and public facilities that serve the district's residents more intense uses such as commercial and industrial are considered inappropriate.

In addition to the zoning ordinances, uses in this zone may be subject to the requirements of Madison County's Subdivision Ordinance, Site Plan Ordinance, and/or Soil Erosion and Sedimentation Control Ordinance, and/or Floodplain Management Ordinance.

5-1.

Use Regulations.

In the Residential, Limited (R-1) District, no building shall be erected or altered and no building or premises shall be used for any purpose except:

Uses Permitted by Right

5-1-1.

Agriculture as defined, including gardens, excluding livestock on lots less than two acres.

5-1-2.

Single family dwelling.

5-1-3.

Church, parish hall, and rectory.

5-1-4.

Public park and playground.

5-1-5.

Public school.

5-1-6.

Library.

5-1-7.

Public Service Corporation transmission lines, poles, pipes, meters, transformers and other facilities necessary for the transmission and maintenance of public service utilities. Subject to Code of Virginia, § 15.1-456, as amended.

5-1-8.

Accessory use and building.

5-1-9.

Home occupation as defined.

5-1-10.

Small wind energy system.

5-1-11.

Solar energy system (see Article 14-16).

5-1-12.

Short-Term Lodging Unit, see Article 20-160A (Definitions).

5-2.

Special Permit Uses. The following uses may also be permitted subject to securing a special use permit as provided for in Article 14-3:

5-2-1.

Livestock on lots less than two acres.

5-2-2.

Wayside stand.

5-2-3.

Cemetery.

5-2-4.

Lodge, inn, or hotel with interior eating facilities or overnight lodging.

5-2-5.

Private school and day care center.

5-2-6.

Water and sewage treatment or distribution facilities where same are required by state and/or federal regulations to protect the public health.

5-2-7.

Private park and playground.

5-2-8.

Public or community building.

5-2-9.

Two family dwelling (duplex).

5-2-10.

Golf course.

5-2-11.

Golf driving range.

5-2-12.

Country club.

5-2-13.

Professional office (limited).

5-2-14.

Rooming or boarding house.

5-2-15.

Antique, craft, or gift shop in a structure under 2,500 square feet.

(Ord. of 3-18-1998, § 2; Ord. No. 2022-OA-10-22-26, § 4, 10-5-2022)

5-3.

Area Regulations.

The minimum lot area for permitted uses shall be 1.5 acres (65,340 square feet) without public water and sewer systems, and one acre (43,560 square feet) with public water and sewer systems. All dwellings located on a parcel without public water and sewer shall require a minimum of 1.5 acres per dwelling; all dwellings located on a parcel with public water and sewer shall require a minimum of one acre per dwelling.

(Ord. No. 2020-8, 3-4-2020)

5-4.

Setback Regulations.

Structures shall be located 35 feet or more from any street right-of-way which is 50 feet or greater in width, or 60 feet or more from the center line of any street right-of-way less than 50 feet in width.

All accessory structures must be located ten feet or more from any property line.

(Ord. No. 2020-7, 3-4-2020)

5-5.

Lot Width Requirements.

The minimum frontage for permitted uses shall be 150 feet at the setback line, or measured at the location of the foundation of the subject parcel's principal dwelling or accessory building. The minimum distance which the building is required to be located from the street right-of-way or center line shall be known as the setback line.

(Ord. No. 2020-9, 3-4-2020)

5-6.

Yard Regulations.

5-6-1.

Side. Each main structure shall have side yards of 15 feet or more.

5-6-2.

Rear. Each main structure shall have a rear yard of 35 feet or more.

5-7.

Sign Regulations.

Signs shall conform to Article 12 of this ordinance.

5-8.

Height Regulations.

5-8-1.

Buildings may be erected up to 35 feet in height from the average adjacent ground elevation except that:

5-8-2.

The height limit for dwellings may be increased up to 45 feet and up to three stories provided each of the two side yards is ten feet, plus one foot or more for each additional foot of building height over 35 feet.

5-8-3.

A public or semi-public building such as a school, church, library, or hospital may be erected to a height of 60 feet provided that required front, side, and rear yards shall be increased one foot for each foot in height over 35 feet.

5-8-4.

Church spires, belfries, cupolas, monuments, water towers, fire towers, flues, flagpoles, television antennae, and radio aerials may exceed the height limit by no more than 25 feet. Parapet walls may be up to four feet above the height of the building on which the walls rest.

5-8-5.

Additional height above the stated height regulations requires a special use permit as provided for under Article 14-3 of this ordinance.

5-8-6.

No accessory building which is within 20 feet of any party lot line shall be more than 15 feet high. All accessory buildings shall be less than the main building in height.

5-9.

Off-street Parking.

Off-street parking is subject to section 14-9 of this ordinance.

5-10.

Entrance Regulations.

5-10-1.

The centerline of any entrance onto a Virginia primary road shall be 600 feet or more from the centerline of any adjacent entrance; provided, however, each parcel of land that fronts on a Virginia primary road and is recorded in the Clerk's Office of the Circuit Court of Madison County prior to June 20, 1990, shall be permitted to have at least one such entrance; and provided further that the aforesaid distance between entrances may be decreased to a point of nearest relief upon application by special use permit if the Board of Supervisors after recommendation from the Planning Commission and approval of the Virginia Department of Transportation finds that exceptional topographical conditions such as rock formations or floodplain areas justify such decrease.

Each application for a special use permit under this paragraph shall include a plat of survey showing both the 600-foot entrance point and the point of nearest relief. After approval, said plat of survey shall be recorded by the applicant in the Clerk's Office of the Circuit Court of Madison County.

5-10-2.

The centerline of any entrance onto U. S. Route 29 shall be 900 feet or more from the centerline of any adjacent entrance; provided, however, each parcel of land that fronts on U. S. Route 29 and is recorded in the Clerk's Office of the Circuit Court of Madison County prior to June 20, 1990, shall be permitted to have at least one such entrance; and provided further that the aforesaid distance between entrances may be decreased to a point of nearest relief upon application by special use permit if the Board of Supervisors after recommendation from the Planning Commission and approval of the Virginia Department of Transportation finds that exceptional topographical conditions such as rock formations or floodplain areas justify such decrease.

Each application for a special use permit under this paragraph shall include a plat of survey showing both the 900 foot entrance point and the point of nearest relief. After approval, said plat of survey shall be recorded by the applicant in the Clerk's Office of the Circuit Court of Madison County.

Entrances shall be located at crossover points on U. S. Route 29 if feasible and required by the Virginia Department of Transportation.

The aforesaid entrance regulation shall not apply to U.S. Route 29 Business.