All required parking facilities shall be provided and maintained so long as the use which the facilities were designed to serve still exists.

Off-street parking facilities shall not be reduced in total extent except when such reduction is in conformity with the requirements of this Part in conjunction with a change in the nature of the use.

Two or more uses may provide for required parking in a common parking lot, provided that the total number of spaces in such lot shall not be less than the sum of the spaces required for each use individually (except as provided below) and provided such parking lot is within 300 feet walking distance of all of the principal uses served by such lot.

The applicant may seek to prove that the parking requirement should be reduced under the provisions of § 27-2903 because the uses would have their peak parking at different times of the day.

If two adjoining business uses on separate adjoining lots develop a shared driveway and an integrated shared parking lot, the number of required parking spaces for each use may be reduced by 10%.

The importance of providing adequate, well-designed off-street parking areas.

The need to limit the amount of paved parking areas to preserve open space and limit storm water runoff, and

That unique circumstances associated with a land use may justify a reduction in parking requirements.

The applicant shall demonstrate to the Board, using existing and projected (five years) employment, customer, resident or other relevant data, that a reduction in the off-street parking spaces to be initially developed as required by § 27-2902 is warranted.

Plans.

Agreements.

No parking area shall be designed to require or encourage parked vehicles to back into a public street in order to leave a parking space, except for a single-family or two-family dwelling backing onto a street other than an arterial or connector street.

Every parking area shall be designed so that each motor vehicle may proceed to and from the parking space provided for it without requiring the moving of any other vehicle, except for any spaces greater than two in number of a single-family detached dwelling.

No parking area shall be located in a required buffer yard or within an existing street right-of-way.

No parking or other paved area shall be located within 10 feet of a septic system absorption area.

Defined Traffic Ways. All parking areas shall include clearly defined and marked traffic patterns. In any lot with more than 30 off-street parking spaces, raised curbs and landscaped areas shall be used to direct traffic within the lot. Major vehicular routes shall be separated from major pedestrian routes within the lot.

Required off-street parking spaces shall be on the same lot or premises with the principal use served.

No parking area shall be used for any other use that interferes with its availability for the parking need it is required to serve. This includes storage or display of materials or vehicles.

Each parking space shall meet the following stall width and length:

All spaces shall be marked with double lines so as to indicate their location, except those of a single-family or two-family dwelling.

For one-way traffic only, each aisle providing access to the type of stall listed shall meet the corresponding minimum aisle width specified below:

For two-way traffic, each aisle providing access to any type of stall shall be at least 24 feet in width.

Raised pedestrian crosswalks and refuge islands shall be provided along the length of each parking aisle and row at intervals of 200 feet or less.

Each access drive shall have a minimum width of 12 feet and maximum width of 15 feet at the street line for one-way use only and a minimum width of 25 feet and maximum width of 30 feet at the street line for two-way use.

Private driveways serving one dwelling unit or agricultural use shall have a maximum grade of no more than 10%.

Any other driveway or access way shall have a 6% maximum grade, except that the initial 20 feet from the edge of the cartway of a public street shall be a maximum of 3% grade.

Adequate provisions shall be made to maintain uninterrupted parallel drainage along a public street at the point of driveway or access drive entry.

At least 75 feet shall be provided between any two access drives along one street along one lot.

No access drive or driveway shall open onto a pubic street less than 80 feet from the existing right-of-way line of any intersecting public street.

Where access is to a public street, a state or Township (if applicable) highway access permit shall be obtained.

Where access drives and driveways are proposed as part of a subdivision or land development, the provisions of the Township's Subdivision and Land Development Ordinance [Chapter 22] shall also be met. If there are any conflicts between the requirements of the Zoning and the Subdivision and Land Development Ordinances, the stricter provision shall apply.

Driveway Setbacks from Residence. A minimum five feet unpaved area setback shall be maintained between any driveway or access way and any abutting lot line of a single-family detached house, unless a shared driveway is specifically shown on the approved plan.

Except for areas that are landscaped and so maintained, all portions of required parking, off-street loading facilities and driveways shall be graded, surfaced with asphalt or concrete and drained in ways necessary to prevent dust, erosion or water flow across streets or adjoining properties. The paving standards of the Township Subdivision and Land Development Ordinance are hereby included by reference. However, driveways serving an individual single-family detached house on a lot of five acres or greater or that only provide access to general or crop farming shall not be required to be paved.

Gravel or another surface other than asphalt may be allowed by the Zoning Officer for parking areas that are used primarily for long-term storage or used less than 10 days in any calendar year.

Any paved area of 1,000 square feet or more designed for use, or that would be open to the public during night hours shall be adequately illuminated for security purposes at no cost to the Township.

Setbacks are required to ensure that parked or moving vehicles do not obstruct sight distance or interfere with pedestrian traffic. The setbacks are also intended to aid in storm water management along streets.

The setback areas required by this section shall be maintained in grass or other appropriate natural ground cover and shall not be covered with paving, except for approved driveway entrances and any concrete sidewalks of six feet wide or less. Storm water control facilities may be located within this setback area. No fence shall be located within the paved area setback.

No off-street parking space nor outdoor display of vehicles or articles for sale shall be located within 10 feet of the ultimate right-of-way line of any street.

The paved setback area, along with any curbing, shall be designed to prevent vehicles from entering or exiting the lot at locations other than approved driveways.

All paved areas, except curbs or concrete sidewalks, shall be set back a minimum of 20 feet from the exterior structural walls of any commercial or industrial building. This setback shall not apply to driveways entering into a garage, delivery entrance, vehicle service bay or carport. This setback is intended to allow sufficient area for firefighting, sidewalks, and foundation landscaping.

Any lot that would include more than 30 parking spaces shall be required to provide landscaped areas within the paved area. This required landscaped area shall be equal to a minimum of 5% of the total paved area. A maximum of 15 consecutive and contiguous parking spaces in a row shall be allowed without being separated by a landscaped area.

One deciduous tree shall be required for every 4,000 square feet of paved area. This number of trees shall be in addition to any trees required by any other section or by the Subdivision and Land Development Ordinance [Chapter 22].

A substantial proportion of the trees required by this section should be planted within the parking lot within protected islands. These protected islands should be used to direct the flow of traffic through the parking lot in a smooth and safe manner to prevent "cross-taxing."

Existing Trees. For every existing tree on the lot that is preserved and maintained and that would generally meet the requirements of this section, one less shade tree shall be required to be planted.

No off-street parking area for five or more vehicles shall be developed in such a way that vehicle headlights could shine into a dwelling located within 200 feet or less of the parking area.

Wooden fencing, brick walls or evergreen screening shall be required as needed to resolve the concern of this section. Such screening or fencing shall have a minimum height of four feet, except that screening or fencing of up to eight feet shall be required by the Zoning Officer as needed where there is unusual topography or the parked vehicles would be trucks or buses.

All parking and passenger loading zones shall comply with the requirements of the Federal Americans with Disabilities Act.

If not otherwise specified in the Federal Americans with Disabilities Act, parking facilities for the handicapped shall meet the following minimum standards:

Commercial Truck or Van. A vehicle considered under its state license to be a "truck" that is primarily used for business purposes including, but not limited to, making service calls, transporting equipment used in a business or in accomplishing physical work as part of a business (such as hauling material).

Tractor. A truck with more than two axles that is primarily intended to be used to pull a trailer, as defined below.

Trailer. A vehicle with a length of 10 feet or more that is not self-propelled; that is intended to haul materials, vehicles, goods, gases or liquids; and/or that is intended to be pulled by a tractor (as defined above).

Township-owned vehicles.

Ambulance, fire and rescue vehicles.

Buses used primarily for transporting public or private school children to and from school.

Vehicles operated by the U.S. Postal Service.

Vehicles engaged in the construction or repair of streets, curbs, sidewalks or utilities.

Vehicles engaged in making routine household deliveries or rendering routine household services to a property abutting or that is part of the location where the vehicle is parked.

Each off-street loading space shall be at least 14 feet in width by 60 feet in depth for a tractor-trailer, and 12 feet in width and 35 feet in depth for smaller trucks.

Each space and the needed maneuvering room shall be located entirely on the lot being served and be located outside of required buffer areas, off-street parking setbacks and street right-of-ways.

No such facilities shall be designed or used in any manner so as to constitute a significant nuisance, public safety hazard or an unreasonable impediment to traffic.

All such facilities shall comply with the lighting and landscaping requirements of § 27-2904.

For any department store, truck terminal, hospital, retail, warehouse, industrial or manufacturing use:

For any auditorium, exhibition center, office building, restaurant, hotel or motel, sports area or nursing home: