In any zoning district, all structures built and all uses established hereafter shall provide accessory off-street parking in accordance with the regulations of this division. When an existing structure or use is expanded, accessory off-street parking shall be provided in accordance with the regulations of this division for the total area or capacity of such expansion.

(Code 1966, § 36-1000(1))

(a)

Utilization. Required accessory off-street parking facilities provided for the uses hereinafter listed shall be solely for the parking of motor vehicles in operating condition of patrons, occupants or employees of such uses.

(b)

Area. A required off-street parking space shall be at least eight (8) feet six (6) inches in width and at least nineteen (19) feet in length, exclusive of access drives or aisles, ramps, columns, office or work areas.

(c)

Access. Each required off-street parking space shall open directly upon a driving aisle having a width in accordance with the angle of parking as follows:

Driveways connecting an off-street parking area to a street shall not be less than ten (10) feet in width for one-way traffic and eighteen (18) feet in width for two-way traffic except that ten-foot wide driveways are permissible for two-way traffic when the driveway is not longer than fifty (50) feet, it provides access to no more than six (6) spaces, and sufficient turnaround space is provided so that vehicles will not back into a public street.

(d)

Open and enclosed parking. No open off-street parking, driving or maneuvering areas shall cover more than sixty (60) percent of the total area of any front yard in any district except in the C-4, C-5, C-6, I-2, and I-3 districts. No motor vehicle or recreation vehicle shall be parked in any front yard except upon a driveway or adjacent surfaced parking area. The area devoted to driveway purposes shall not be considered in determining whether off-street parking requirements have been met except for single family or two-family detached and single-family attached dwellings. Enclosed buildings and carports containing off-street parking shall be subject to the yard requirements applicable to structures in the district in which located.

(e)

Design and maintenance.

(1)

Design. Off-street parking spaces shall comply with such design standards relating to curb length, stall depth, driveway width, island width, barriers, and ingress and egress as may be established from time to time by the city. Off-street parking spaces may be open to the sky or enclosed in a building.

(2)

Surfacing. All open off-street parking spaces, access drives and aisles shall be paved with asphalt or concrete. As an alternative to asphalt or concrete, off-street parking spaces, access drives and aisles may be surfaced with alternative methods of paving, provided that the pavement surface and base for any alternative to asphalt and concrete must be designed by a professional engineer licensed in the state and reviewed and approved by the city engineer. A pavement cross-section shall be provided demonstrating the structural ability of the design to support the anticipated vehicle loads including fire apparatus.

The paved surfacing requirement shall not apply to the following uses: any permitted use in the RS, R, R-1, R-2, R-2.5, R-3, or MH residential zoning district with a parking requirement of six (6) or fewer spaces or any permitted use in the A-I agricultural, I-2 or I-3 industrial zoning district. Although exempt from the paving requirement, access drives and parking spaces for the above uses shall be graded and surfaced with crushed stone, gravel, or other all-weather material. All parking areas shall be properly maintained and kept free of potholes, weeds, dust, trash and debris. Loose material shall be contained within the designated parking area and kept from spilling into public streets.

(3)

Screening. All open off-street parking areas containing more than six (6) parking spaces shall be effectively screened on each side that adjoins any property situated in a single-family residential district by a wall, fence or densely planted compact evergreen hedge not less than six (6) feet or more than eight (8) feet in height. Parking areas shall be arranged and designed so as to prevent damage to, or intrusion into, such wall, fence or hedge.

(4)

Lighting. Any lighting used to illuminate off-street parking areas shall be directed away from residential properties in such a way as not to interfere with the residential use.

(5)

Storage and repair. No storage of merchandise, materials, equipment, refuse containers, inoperable vehicles or the repair of vehicles shall be permitted in required off-street driving aisles or parking spaces.

(6)

Computation. In the event multiple uses occupy a single structure or parcel of land, the total requirements of off-street parking shall be the sum of the requirements of the multiple uses computed separately. When determination of the number of off-street parking spaces required by this division results in a requirement of a fractional space, the fraction of one-half or less may be disregarded, and a fraction in excess of one-half shall be counted as one (1) parking space.

(7)

Collective and joint use provisions. One (1) off-street parking area may serve several different uses provided the area contains the total required spaces for all uses. In addition, different uses may make joint use of the same parking spaces provided written assurances are given that such uses operate at different or nonconflicting times. All regulations covering the location of accessory parking spaces in relation to the uses served shall be adhered to.

(8)

Location. All parking spaces required to serve buildings or uses shall be located on the same zoning lot or in the same zoning district as such building or use, except that such parking spaces may be provided in an adjacent zoning district if such district allows parking lots or parking garages as a permitted use. But in no instance shall required off-street parking be located more than six hundred (600) feet (as measured along lines of public access) from the use which it serves.

(9)

Employee parking. Parking spaces required on an employee basis shall be based on the maximum number of employees on duty or residing, or expected to be on duty or residing, or both, on the premises at any one (1) time, at the same time as the building permit is issued.

(10)

Maximum number of spaces. The total number of accessory parking spaces provided for a single-family, a two-family or multiple-family dwelling shall not exceed that required by this division, for such use or for any equivalent new use by more than fifty (50) percent or four (4) spaces, whichever number is greater.

(11)

Exempt zone. Notwithstanding any other provision of this chapter, no accessory off-street parking facilities shall be required for any structure in the C-4 central business districts except residences, and those uses specifically required to provide parking.

(12)

Determination of required spaces. When determining the required number of off-street parking spaces for apartment houses, lodging, boarding or rooming houses, fraternities, sororities, and dormitories, an occupant shall mean an individual separate and distinct from the immediate family of the owner, landlord or operator.

(Code 1966, § 36-1000(2); Ord. No. 87-9205, § 1, 9-28-87; Ord. No. 88-9243, § 1, 4-11-88; Ord. No. 90-9419, § 1, 12-17-90; Ord. 06-10327, § 1, 4-24-2006; Ord. 12-10636, § 1, 4-16-12; Ord. No. 18-10938, §§ 1, 2, 6-11-18)

Off-street parking spaces accessory to the uses hereinafter designated shall be provided as follows:

(1)

Dwelling and lodging uses.

a.

Bed and breakfast: one (1) space for each two (2) guest rooms, plus two (2) spaces for the owner/occupant.

b.

Dormitories, fraternities, sororities and other loading facilities for students: One (1) space for each occupant for the first twenty (20) occupants and three-fourths (¾) space for each occupant thereafter.

c.

Family-care facilities: one (1) space for every two (2) residents, except where residents are unable to drive, plus one (1) space for each employee on the premises and one (1) space for guest parking for every eight (8) residents.

d.

Group-care facilities: same as family-care facilities.

e.

Group-rehabilitation facilities: same as family-care facilities.

f.

Group day-care centers: one (1) space for each employee on the premises, plus one (1) space for loading and unloading for every twelve (12) children and two (2) spaces for resident or facility vehicles.

g.

Home occupations: two (2) spaces for the owner/occupant.

h.

Hotels and motels: one (1) space for each room, plus seventy-five (75) percent of spaces otherwise required for accessory restaurants, assembly rooms and related facilities.

i.

Manufactured and mobile home parks: two (2) spaces for each home.

j.

Multiple-family dwellings for elderly and/or handicapped persons: one (1) parking space for each dwelling unit for the first twenty (20) units and three-fourths (¾) space for each unit thereafter.

k.

Rooming and boarding houses: one (1) space for each sleeping room beyond the first two (2) rooms, plus two (2) spaces for the owner/occupant.

l.

Single-family, two-family and townhome dwellings: two (2) spaces for each dwelling unit.

m.

Three-family and multiple-family dwellings: two (2) spaces for each dwelling unit for the first twenty (20) units and one and one-half (1½) spaces for each unit thereafter.

(2)

Commercial and industrial uses:

a.

Automobile repair garages and service stations: two (2) spaces for each service bay, plus one (1) space for each employee, but not less than a total of five (5) spaces.

b.

Banks and financial institutions: One (1) space for each two hundred (200) square feet of floor area devoted to public banking services, plus one (1) space for each three hundred (300) square feet of floor area devoted to office use, plus four (4) stacking spaces for each drive-up window.

c.

Barber shops or beauty parlors: two (2) spaces per chair.

d.

Bowling alleys: Five (5) spaces per lane, plus seventy-five (75) percent of spaces otherwise required for accessory uses such as restaurants and game rooms.

e.

Business and professional offices: One (1) space for each three hundred (300) square feet of floor area.

f.

Car washes: Four (4) stacking, holding and drying spaces for each stall in self-serve establishments; six (6) stacking, holding and drying spaces for each stall in attended or automated establishments.

g.

Cartage, express, parcel delivery and freight terminal establishments: One (1) space for each two (2) employees plus one (1) space for each vehicle maintained on the premises.

h.

Convenience stores: One (1) space for each two hundred (200) square feet of floor area.

i.

Dental and medical offices: One (1) space for each two hundred (200) square feet of floor area.

j.

Eating and drinking establishments: One (1) space for each fifty (50) square feet of customer service or dining floor area or one (1) space for each three (3) persons based on the maximum occupancy at designed capacity, whichever is greater, provided that restaurants with drive-through service shall have eight (8) stacking spaces for each drive-up window with four (4) of such spaces located at the ordering station, and provided that drive-in restaurants shall have at least ten (10) parking spaces. All spaces shall be designed so as not to impede vehicle circulation on-site or on abutting streets.

k.

Furniture, hardware and appliance stores: One (1) space for each four hundred (400) square feet of floor area.

l.

Manufacturing, production, assembly or processing of goods, materials or products:

One (1) space for every one thousand (1,000) square feet of manufacturing floor area for buildings up to twenty-five thousand (25,000) square feet in size;

One (1) space for every one thousand five hundred (1,500) square feet of manufacturing floor area for buildings between twenty-five thousand one (25,001) square feet and one hundred thousand (100,000) square feet in size;

One (1) space for every two thousand (2,000) square feet of manufacturing floor area for buildings over one hundred thousand (100,000) square feet in size.

Where it can be demonstrated by a business owner or operator that based on a particular building floor plan or the operating characteristics of a particular facility that the number of parking spaces required under subsection l. would be excessive, the zoning administrator may approve a reduction in the number of parking spaces otherwise required under this subsection when in his or her discretion such reduction would maintain the intent and purpose of these regulations and would not harm public health and safety by causing vehicles to overflow on to adjacent public streets or property. The zoning administrator shall grant the reduction in writing stating the basis for the allow reduction and enter the modified parking requirement on the face of the building permit. The zoning administrator shall have the discretion to require the applicant to reserve or set aside an area on the site equal in size to the area of land needed to provide the number of parking spaces otherwise required. Such area shall be suitable for development of a future parking facility should the conditions which provided the basis for the reduction change.

m.

Mini-warehouses: One (1) space for each ten (10) storage cubicles, equally distributed throughout the storage area and designed such that access drives have sufficient width to allow vehicles to both unload and pass, plus two (2) spaces at the business office for use by the staff and prospective clients.

n.

Mortuaries and funeral homes: One (1) space for each four (4) seats in the parlor plus one (1) space for each employee and vehicle on the premises.

o.

Motor vehicle showrooms and sales facilities, including car, mobile home and recreational vehicle lots: One (1) space for each four hundred (400) square feet of floor area plus one (1) space for each three thousand (3,000) square feet of open lot area devoted to the display of vehicles for sale or rent.

p.

Retail stores: One (1) space for each two hundred fifty (250) square feet of floor area.

q.

Theaters: One (1) space for each four (4) seats.

r.

Warehouse, storage and wholesale establishments: One (1) space for each two thousand (2,000) square feet of floor area or one (1) space for every two (2) employees, whichever is greater.

(3)

Other uses:

a.

Auditoriums, gymnasiums and other places of assembly: One (1) space for each three (3) persons or seats based upon the maximum designed seating capacity.

b.

Churches: One (1) space for each four (4) seats in the sanctuary or largest assembly room.

c.

Hospitals: One (1) space for each bed, plus one (1) space for each two (2) employees (other than doctors) and one (1) space for each doctor assigned to the staff.

d.

Nursing and convalescent homes: Six (6) spaces for the first three thousand (3,000) square feet of gross floor area and one (1) space for each additional one thousand (1,000) square feet with a minimum of six (6) spaces per establishment.

e.

Primary and intermediate schools, nursery schools and group day care centers, public or private; One (1) space for each faculty member and other employee or two (2) spaces per classroom, whichever is greater.

f.

Private clubs and lodges: One (1) space for each three (3) persons based on the maximum designed capacity.

g.

Secondary schools, public or private: One (1) space for each faculty member and other employee plus one (1) space for each eight (8) students.

h.

Swimming pools and clubs: One (1) space for each fifty (50) square feet of water area.

i.

Trade and business schools: One (1) space for each faculty member and other employee plus one (1) space for each three (3) students.

j.

Other permitted or special uses not listed above:

Spaces shall be provided in accordance with the determination of the zoning administrator with respect to the number of spaces required to serve employees and/or customers.

(Code 1966, § 36-1000(3); Ord. No. 94-9653, § 1, 9-19-94)

(a)

A request may be made for a reduction in the number of off-street parking spaces otherwise required by these regulations. Such requests shall be accompanied by data supporting reduced parking demand for the proposed uses. The board of commissioners or board of zoning appeals may approve a reduction upon finding that:

(1)

An adequate number of vacant parking spaces will be available at all times other than peak hours during peak seasons of use;

(2)

Traffic circulation in the driving aisles will not become congested by motorists searching for a vacant space; and

(3)

Parking cars will not overflow into adjacent streets.

(b)

In addition, business and professional offices, dental and medical offices, eating and drinking establishments, furniture, hardware and appliance stores or retail stores shall not provide excessive parking. The number of parking spaces provided shall not exceed the requirement set out in these regulations by more than twenty-five (25) percent without approval by the board of commissioners or the board of zoning appeals. Applicants requesting to exceed this limitation shall provide data justifying the need for additional parking.

(Ord. No. 94-9653, § 2, 9-19-94)

In any zoning district, all structures built and all uses established hereafter, shall provide accessory off-street loading spaces. When an existing structure is expanded, accessory off-street loading spaces shall be provided in accordance with the regulations of this division for the area of such expansion.

(Code 1966, § 36-1001(1))

(a)

Location. All required loading spaces or berths shall be located on the same lot as the use served. All motor vehicle loading berths which abut or are adjacent to a residential district shall be completely screened therefrom by building walls, or a uniformly painted solid fence, wall or door, or any combination thereof, not less than six (6) feet or more than eight (8) feet in height. No permitted or required loading space or berth shall be located within forty (40) feet of the nearest point of intersection of any two (2) streets or highways.

(b)

Area. Unless otherwise specified, a required off-street loading space or berth shall be ten (10) feet in width by at least twenty-five (25) feet in length, exclusive of aisle and maneuvering space, and shall have a vertical clearance of at least fourteen (14) feet.

(c)

Access. Each required off-street loading space or berth shall be designated with appropriate means of vehicular access to a street, highway or alley in a manner which will least interfere with traffic movement.

(d)

Surfacing. All open off-street loading shall be improved with a compacted select gravel base, not less than seven (7) inches thick, surfaced with an all-weather material.

(e)

Repair and service. No motor vehicle repair work or service of any kind shall be permitted in conjunction with any off-street loading facilities.

(f)

Utilization. Space allocated for any off-street loading berth shall not, while so allocated, be used to satisfy the space requirements for any off-street parking facilities or portions thereof.

(g)

Minimum facilities. Uses for which off-street loading facilities are required by this section but which are located in buildings that have a floor area that is less than the minimum above which off-street loading facilities are required, shall be provided with adequate receiving facilities, accessible by motor vehicle, from any adjacent alley, service drive, or open space on the same lot.

(Code 1966, § 36-1001(2))

(a)

No off-street loading facilities are required in any residential district, except that elementary and intermediate schools shall provide at least one (1) loading space for passenger automobiles for each fifty (50) students based upon the designed maximum capacity of the school.

(b)

On the same lot with every building, or part thereof, erected hereafter in any commercial or industrial district, there shall be provided on the lot adequate space for motor vehicles to load and unload in order to avoid interference with the public streets or alleys. Such space shall include the following minimum off-street loading spaces:

(1)

For banks, medical and dental clinics, and business and professional offices: one (1) loading berth shall be provided for each building that contains one thousand (1,000) to one hundred thousand (100,000) square feet of gross floor area, and for each additional one hundred thousand (100,000) square feet of gross floor area or fraction thereof up to five hundred thousand (500,000) square feet, one (1) additional loading berth shall be provided, plus one (1) additional loading berth for each additional five hundred thousand (500,000) square feet of gross floor area, or any fraction thereof, in excess of five hundred thousand (500,000) square feet.

(2)

For amusement establishments, bowling alleys, pool halls, dance halls, gymnasiums, indoor and outdoor theatres, swimming pools, skating rinks and other similar amusement establishments: one (1) loading berth shall be provided for each building that contains one thousand (1,000) to one hundred thousand (100,000) square feet of gross floor area, and for each additional one hundred thousand (100,000) square feet of gross floor area, or any fraction thereof, one (1) additional loading berth shall be provided.

(3)

For hotels and motels, meeting halls, service and fraternal clubs and lodges, funeral parlors and mortuaries: one (1) loading berth shall be provided for buildings containing one thousand (1,000) to one hundred fifty thousand (150,000) square feet of gross floor area, plus one (1) additional loading berth for each additional one hundred fifty thousand (150,000) square feet of gross floor area, or fraction thereof. Each such loading berth for buildings in excess of twenty thousand (20,000) square feet of gross floor area shall not be less than ten (10) feet in width by sixty (60) feet in length.

(4)

For all other uses in the C-1 through C-6 districts, except mini-warehouses which require none, loading facilities shall be provided in accordance with the following table:

For each additional two hundred thousand (200,000) square feet of gross floor area, or any fraction thereof, over one hundred thousand (100,000) square feet of gross floor area, one (1) additional loading berth shall be provided. Each such additional loading berth shall be at least ten (10) feet in width by sixty (60) feet in length.

(5)

For all uses in the I-1, I-2, and I-3 industrial districts, except mini-warehouses which require none, loading facilities shall be provided in accordance with the following table:

For each additional one hundred thousand (100,000) square feet of gross floor area, or any fraction thereof, one (1) additional loading berth shall be provided. Each such additional berth shall be at least ten (10) feet in width and sixty (60) feet in length.

(Code 1966, § 36-1001(3))