7-1.1 Off-street parking and loading spaces required.

A.

The purpose of these standards is to provide for safe and complete connections to the transportation system, and safe on-site circulation for motorists, bicyclists and pedestrians. In addition, these standards are intended to provide for adequate vehicle parking with appropriate landscaping.

B.

Each use of land and each building or structure hereafter constructed or established shall provide off-street parking and loading according to the standards set forth herein. Any building or use that is subsequently enlarged shall meet the off-street parking and loading and unloading space requirements of this ordinance for the addition made.

C.

No addition to an existing building shall be constructed which reduces the number of spaces, area, or usability of existing parking or loading space unless such building and its addition conform with the regulations for parking and loading contained herein.

D.

Off-street parking shall incorporate handicapped spaces into the design of parking facilities.

7-1.2 General requirements.

A.

Each district has its own set of additional parking requirements. All building, structures and uses shall comply with the guidelines within that section, in addition to the requirements contained herein.

1.

Location of off-street parking facilities: Off-street parking facilities for one-family and two-family dwellings shall be located on the same lot or plot of ground as the building to be served. The location of off-street parking facilities for other than one-family and two-family dwellings shall not be more than 300 feet distance from the building to be served, measured along the nearest pedestrian walkway.

2.

Common or collective parking facilities: Parking requirements for two or more uses of the same or different types may be satisfied by the allocation of a common or collective parking facility. Such facility shall not be less than the sum of the requirements for individual uses computed separately in accordance with the requirements of the zoning district.

3.

Change in off-street parking or loading area: Area reserved for off-street parking or loading in accordance with the provisions of this section shall not be reduced in area or changed to any other use unless the permitted use which it serves is discontinued or modified, except where equivalent off-street parking or loading space is provided.

4.

Requirements apply to all uses: For uses not specifically mentioned in this section, the requirements for off-street parking and loading facilities for a similar use specifically mentioned in this section shall apply.

7-1.3 Design standards. The following design requirements shall apply to all off-street parking spaces, driveways, and loading spaces.

A.

Parking spaces.

1.

Required dimensions for each parking space: Each full-size automobile parking space shall be not less than nine feet wide and 20 feet in length. Parking spaces for compact and sub-compact cars shall not be less than eight feet wide and 17 feet in length. Adequate interior driveways shall connect each parking space with a public right-of-way.

2.

Interior driveways: Where 90-degree parking is utilized, all interior driveways shall be a minimum of 24 feet in width. If 45 degree or 60 degree angle parking is used, then interior driveways shall be at least 12 feet in width for one-way traffic and 20 feet in width for two-way traffic. In the instance where parallel parking is utilized or there is no parking, interior driveways shall be a minimum of ten feet in width for one-way traffic and 20 feet in width for two-way traffic.

3.

Surfacing, drainage and lighting: All off-street parking spaces, access and interior driveways shall be provided with a paved, dust-free surface. If the off-street parking facilities are used at night, they shall be properly illuminated for the safety of pedestrians, vehicles and for security. The lighting shall be designed so as not to reflect onto or cause glare in any adjacent residential district.

4.

Sharing of required off-street parking spaces: One-half of the off-street parking spaces required by a use whose peak attendance will be at night or on Sundays may be shared with a use that will be closed at night or on Sundays. Parking requirements for two or more uses of the same or different types may be satisfied by the allocation of a common or collective parking facility. This facility shall not be less than the sum of the requirements for the individual uses computed separately in accordance with the requirements of the zoning district.

5.

Handicapped spaces: Handicapped parking spaces shall be in accordance with the regulations set forth by the Americans with Disabilities Act. Parallel spaces for the handicapped adjacent to a walk shall be a minimum of 12 feet in width by 24 feet in length. If a walk is at an elevation different from the elevation of the parking space, a 1:6 ramp shall be provided up to the walk. For 90-degree or angled spaces, the minimum width of a stall shall be nine and one-half feet. An aisle, having a width of not less than three feet six inches shall be identified by pavement markings and by appropriate signage.

6.

Compact and subcompact car spaces: Developments where 30 or more parking spaces are provided shall have a minimum of five compact parking spaces. These spaces shall be identified by pavement markings and by appropriate signage.

7.

Bicycle spaces: Developments in all districts (excluding I), shall provide for bicycle parking racks at a ratio of at least one bicycle parking space for every 25 parking spaces. Bicycle parking spaces shall be located within the landscape zone a maximum distance of 100 feet from the building entrance, or shall be located at least as close as the closest automobile space and shall provide a concrete pad upon which the bicycle parking space shall be firmly rooted.

B.

Off-street loading stalls.

1.

Required dimensions for each loading stall: Each loading stall shall be a minimum of ten feet wide and 30 feet in length except that for wholesale and industrial use loading stalls shall be a minimum of ten feet wide and 50 feet in length.

2.

Access and location: All off-street loading stalls shall have access from an alley, or if there is no alley, from a public street. The off-street loading and unloading stalls shall be located to cause a minimum of interference with the free movement of vehicles and pedestrians over a street, sidewalk or alley.

3.

Surfacing, drainage and lighting: All off-street loading stalls and access shall be provided with a paved, dust-free surface. If loading stalls are to be used at night, they shall be properly illuminated for the safety of pedestrians, vehicles and for security. Lighting shall be dark sky compliant and designed to preclude light spill onto adjacent properties or the roadway.

C.

Curb cuts.

1.

Curb cut dimensions: Driveway curb cut widths shall be a maximum of 24 feet for two-way entrances and 12 feet for one-way entrances, unless otherwise permitted by the county or state department of transportation. For the purpose of this section, two curb cuts serving two one-way driveways shall only be counted as one curb cut provided that each curb cut does not exceed one lane in width.

2.

Prohibited curb cuts: Driveway curb cuts shall not be permitted on any street that functions as an arterial street or collector street when access may be provided from a side or rear street located immediately adjacent to a contiguous property, with the exception of hotel patron drop-off drives.

3.

Number of curb cuts: No more than one curb cut shall be permitted for each development, provided that properties with more than one street frontage may have one curb cut located on each street frontage. However, developments on properties with a single street frontage greater than 400 feet shall be permitted two curb cuts along one street frontage.

7-2.1 Off-street parking requirements.

A.

Minimum number of off-street parking spaces: There shall be provided at the time of the erection of any building or structure, minimum off-street parking, plus drives and maneuvering space sufficient for ingress and egress by an automobile of standard size, in accordance with the schedule below. When a building or structure is enlarged or increased in capacity by adding dwelling rooms, guest rooms, floor area or seats, minimum off-street parking shall be provided for such additional rooms, floor area or areas.

The following are the minimum number of off-street parking spaces required by type of permitted use. The square footage is the gross square footage unless otherwise indicated. Where the use is mixed, total requirements for off-street parking shall be the sum of the requirements for the various uses computed separately.

1.

Automobile repair garage: One space per 150 square feet of gross floor area.

2.

Automobile service station: three spaces for each service bay, with a minimum of ten spaces required.

3.

Bus station: One space for each motor carrier plus one additional space for each two administrative or service employees, plus five and one-half spaces per 1,000 feet of gross floor area.

4.

Business, professional offices and clinics: One space per 250 square feet of gross floor area.

5.

Bed and breakfast: One space per bedroom.

6.

Bowling alleys: Five spaces per alley.

7.

Religious institutions and other places of worship: One space per four (4) seats in the main auditorium.

8.

Commercial, manufacturing and industrial establishments not catering to retail trade: One space per 2,000 square feet of gross office, plant or storage area.

9.

Commercial and public recreation facility: 20 spaces minimum, except that golf courses shall require 20 spaces per each nine holes.

10.

Delivery, ambulance and other similar services: One space for each vehicle plus one additional space for each two administrative or service employees.

11.

Single and two-family dwellings: Two spaces per dwelling unit.

12.

Food stores: One space per 100 square feet of gross floor area.

13.

General business, commercial, personal service establishments or shopping centers and developments: One space per 200 square feet of gross leasable area (GLA) for buildings 50,000 square feet or less; one space per 250 square feet of GLA for buildings 50,001 to 100,000 square feet; one space per 300 square feet of GLA for buildings 100,001 to 400,000 square feet; one space per 350 square feet of GLA for buildings larger than 400,000 square feet.

14.

Hospitals, sanitariums, nursing homes, homes for the aged and similar institutional uses: One space per two beds.

15.

Hotels: One space per unit plus one space per five units for visitors.

16.

Lodges, fraternal or social organizations: Four spaces per 1,000 square feet of gross floor area.

17.

Motels, tourist homes and transient hotels: One and one-quarter space per unit.

18.

Multi-family, apartment and moderate density apartment developments: One and a half parking spaces for each dwelling unit in GC, VCM and MR-1 districts. In all districts, multi-family units greater than 1,500 square feet in floor area shall provide two and one-half parking spaces per unit.

19.

Public or private swimming pool, neighborhood recreation center or similar use: A minimum of 20 spaces.

20.

Restaurants, night clubs, taverns and similar establishments serving food or beverages and providing patron use area: One space per 100 square feet of gross floor area.

21.

Restaurants, drive-in, without area provided for patron use: One space per 100 square feet of gross floor area, but not less than ten spaces.

22.

Schools - public or private elementary and middle (K—8th grades): Two spaces per classroom.

23.

Schools - public or private secondary (i.e. high school): One space per teacher or staff member, plus two spaces per classroom.

24.

Schools - colleges (excluding junior colleges): Ten spaces per classroom.

25.

Schools - junior colleges, trade, and vocational: Two spaces per classroom.

26.

Skating rinks, dance halls, pool rooms and other places of amusement or assembly without fixed seating: One space per 200 square feet of gross floor area.

27.

Subdivision recreation facility: One space per ten dwelling units.

28.

Theaters, auditoriums, funeral homes, gymnasiums, stadiums and other places of assembly with fixed seating: One space per three seats plus one space for each employee.

29.

Wholesale or jobbing establishment or other similar use: One space per 200 square feet of gross floor area devoted to sales or display plus one space per 2,000 square feet of gross storage area.

B.

Additional requirements for non-single-family districts: All required off-street parking facilities (other than those for single-family dwellings), including entrances, exits, and maneuvering areas, shall comply with the following provisions. Each parking facility:

1.

Shall have access to a public street;

2.

Shall be graded and paved, including access drive(s), and be curbed when needed for effective drainage control;

3.

Shall have all spaces marked with paint lines, curb stones or other similar devices;

5.

To the extent practicable, adjacent parking lots serving nonresidential or mixed-use buildings shall be interconnected and shall provide for future interconnectivity.

6.

Shall have adequate lighting if the facilities are to be used at night, provided such lighting shall be arranged and installed so as not to reflect or cause glare on abutting properties;

7.

Shall be designed to conform to the geometric design standards of the institute of traffic engineers.

8.

Wheel bumpers shall be placed at the head of all parking spaces that abut a landscape strip or sidewalk. When wheel bumpers are adjacent to a sidewalk, a two foot extension of the sidewalk shall be permitted to be substituted in the place of the required wheel bumpers.

9.

No parking area may be used for the sale, repair, dismantling, servicing or long term storage of any vehicles or equipment unless such use is permitted within the district in which the parking area is located.

10.

Location on other property. If the required automobile parking spaces cannot be reasonably provided on the same lot on which the principal use is conducted, such spaces may be provided on adjacent or nearby property within the same zoning district, provided a major portion lies within 1,200 feet of the main entrance to the principal use for which such parking is provided.

C.

Parking decks and structures: The following regulations shall apply to parking decks and parking structures.

1.

Parking deck facades shall conceal automobiles from visibility from any public right-of-way or private drive or street that are open to the general public, and shall have the appearance of a horizontal storied building.

2.

All parking decks and parking structures shall have pedestrian walkways a minimum width of five feet connecting ground level parking to the public sidewalks and to all building entrances.

3.

All parking decks and parking structures shall have a landscape strip a minimum width of six feet immediately contiguous to the parking facility for the whole of the exterior perimeter of the parking facility containing at least one understory or overstory tree, as appropriate, and ten shrubs per 50 linear feet, and a minimum of 90 percent living groundcover, sod, and/or annual or perennial color in the landscape strip surface area.

4.

Parking decks with a roof-level parking surface open to the sky and without another floor or surface above it shall meet the landscaping requirements of section 7-3 for only that portion of the parking deck surface that is open to the sky and without another floor or surface above it.

7-2.2 Handicapped parking requirements. Handicapped parking spaces shall meet the following criteria:

A.

Handicapped spaces. Handicapped parking spaces shall be in accordance with the regulations set forth by the Americans with Disabilities Act. All handicapped spaces shall be identified by pavement markings and by appropriate signage. Handicapped parking shall be required on all multi-family and nonresidential sites.

B.

Handicapped parking spaces shall be located in the closest proximity to major building entrances, but in no event shall such spaces be located more than 100 feet from a major building entrance.

C.

Handicapped parking spaces shall be a minimum of eight feet in width by 20 feet in length and shall have an adjacent access aisle that has a minimum width of five feet. Two accessible parking spaces may share a common access aisle.

D.

The first one out of every eight accessible parking spaces shall be a van accessible space. Van parking spaces shall have an adjacent access aisle a minimum of eight feet in width and a vertical clearance of at least eight feet along the vehicular route to the parking space.

E.

Handicapped parking will be required on all sites. The minimum number to be provided for all multifamily and nonresidential developments is as follows:

1.

Up to 25 spaces in lot: One HC space.

2.

Twenty-six to 50 spaces in lot: Two HC spaces.

3.

Fifty-one to 75 spaces in lot: Three HC spaces.

4.

Seventy-six to 100 spaces in lot: Four (4) HC spaces.

5.

One hundred one to 150 spaces in lot: Five HC spaces.

6.

One hundred fifty-one to 200 spaces in lot: Six HC spaces.

7.

Two hundred one to 300 spaces in lot: Seven HC spaces.

8.

Three hundred one to 400 spaces in lot: Eight HC spaces.

9.

Over 400 spaces in lot: Two percent of total spaces.

(Ord. No. 2018-05, Pt. II(§§ 1, 2), 6-5-18)

7-3.1 Shared or reduced parking standards.

A.

Reduced parking for R-1 and R-2 districts shall be prohibited. For all other districts, the applicant may request a reduction to or waiver of parking standards based on the following criteria:

1.

Reduction of parking requirements through a shared parking arrangement may be administratively granted through written request from an applicant, provided that applicant documents that the arrangement shall avoid conflicting parking demands and provide for safe pedestrian circulation and access.

2.

A to-scale map indicating location of proposed parking spaces shall be provided; said map shall indicate or notate number of spaces in each parking area.

3.

A shared parking calculation projection shall be provided that demonstrates that each use will have adequate parking provisions at all times. Said calculation must receive review and approval from the city manager or their designee.

4.

For contiguous properties sharing parking spaces under this provision, cross-easements shall be filed establishing access to the parking spaces in perpetuity and documentation of filing provided to the city.

5.

A reduction in the number of parking spaces that would otherwise be required for each of the various uses on a multiple-use property must be clearly shown on the development plan. If shared parking is proposed for a combination of contiguous properties, a plan must be submitted covering all of the properties that will be sharing the parking spaces.

6.

A written agreement among all owners of record shall be provided and held on file with the city manager or their designee. All renewed or terminated leases shall be filed with the city clerk.

7-3.2 Parking area landscaping requirements.

A.

Interior landscaping for parking areas shall be required for all parking lots designed for 15 or more spaces. A detailed landscape plan created by a certified landscape architect, certified arborist or licensed forester shall be submitted to the city manager for approval. The following requirements shall apply:

1.

There shall be one landscape island for every seven parking spaces and such island shall be planted with an overstory tree.

2.

There shall be at least one overstory tree, ten low shrubs and a minimum of 60 percent living groundcover, sod, and/or annual or perennial color in each landscaped area, and each landscaped area shall be at least 200 square feet in area with a minimum width or diameter of ten feet.

3.

Vehicles shall be separated from sidewalks, driveways and streets in public rights-of-way by wheel bumpers and by a strip of land at least ten feet wide reserved as open space and planted in grass containing at least one understory or overstory tree, as appropriate, and ten shrubs per 50 linear feet, and a minimum of 80 percent living groundcover, sod, and/or annual or perennial color in the landscape strip surface area. Wheel bumpers shall be a minimum of 18 inches and a maximum of 36 inches from the end of the parking space.

4.

Head-to-head parking shall provide a five-foot grass strip separating the wheel bumpers. The grass strip may be counted as part of the landscaped areas and shall have one tree every 50 feet containing at least one overstory tree, and ten shrubs, per 50 linear feet, and a minimum of 70 percent living groundcover, sod, and/or annual or perennial color in the landscape strip surface area.

5.

Landscaped areas shall provide drainage and irrigation that ensures full drainage to the storm drainage system.

6.

There shall be a pedestrian walkway that is a minimum of five feet in depth along the front of all buildings for the purpose of allowing pedestrians to walk from the parking facility to the building in safety.

7.

The requirement for all developments to have pedestrian walkways connecting ground level parking to public sidewalks and all building entrances shall be met and shall not be interpreted to prevent the landscaping requirements of this section to be fully met.

8.

The mayor and city council may vary the minimum landscaping and tree requirements of this section if specific circumstances and/or site conditions create an unnecessary hardship.

7-4.1 Minimum off-street loading requirements.

A.

The following are the minimum number of off-street loading stalls required by type of permitted use. The square footage is the gross square footage unless otherwise indicated.

1.

Retail operations and all first floor nonresidential uses with a gross floor area of 2,500 square feet or less: One loading space which may be located adjacent to the street curb.

2.

Retail operations, and all first floor nonresidential uses, with a gross floor area of greater than 2,500 square feet and less than 20,000 square feet, and all wholesale and light industrial operations with a gross floor area of less than 10,000 square feet: One loading space.

3.

Retail operations, including restaurant and dining facilities within hotels and office buildings, with a total usable floor area of 20,000 square feet or more devoted to such purposes: One loading berth for every 40,000 square feet of floor area or fraction thereof; one loading space for every 20,000 square feet of floor area or fraction thereof.

4.

Office buildings and hotels with total usable floor area of 100,000 square feet or more devoted to such purposes: One loading berth for every 100,000 square feet of floor area or fraction thereof.

5.

Industrial and wholesale operations with a gross floor area of 10,000 square feet or over shall conform to the following schedule:

This space may be shared by up to four adjacent users by contractual arrangement specifying details of the sharing, a copy of which is to be provided to the City Manager or their designee.

6.

Applicants may request a reduction to or waiver of loading requirements. The reduction of loading requirements may be permissible only through the permission of the mayor and city council provided the arrangement shall avoid conflicting parking demands and provide for safe pedestrian circulation and access. When loading berths are shared by numerous users, those users shall provide a contractual arrangement specifying details of the shared arrangement to the city manager or their designee.