The purpose of this section is to alleviate or prevent congestion of the public streets and so promote the safety and welfare of the public by establishing minimum requirements for the off-street parking and loading and unloading of motor vehicles in accordance with the use to which property is put.

(1992 Code, § 155.160) (Ord. passed 5- -1969)

   (A)   Procedure. An application for a building permit for a new or enlarged building, structure or use shall include therewith a plot plan, drawn to scale and fully dimensioned, showing any parking or loading facilities to be provided in compliance with the requirements of these standards.

   (B)   Extent of control. The off-street parking and loading requirements of these standards shall apply as follows.

      (1)   All buildings and structures erected or enlarged and land uses initiated after the effective date of these standards shall provide accessory off-street parking or loading facilities as required hereinafter for the use thereof, except that a building or structure for which a building permit has been issued prior to the effective date of these standards shall not be required to furnish parking or loading facilities if construction is begun thereon within 6 months of the effective date of the building permit and diligently prosecuted to completion.

      (2)   When a building or structure erected or enlarged prior to or after the effective date of these standards shall undergo a decrease in number of dwelling units, gross floor area, seating capacity, number of employees, or other unit of measurement specified hereinafter for required parking or loading facilities, and further, when the decrease would result in a requirement for fewer total parking or loading spaces through application of the provisions herein, parking and loading facilities may be reduced accordingly provided that existing parking or loading facilities shall be so decreased only when the facilities remaining would at least equal or exceed the parking or loading requirements resulting from application of the provisions of these standards to the entire building or structure as modified.

      (3)   When a building or structure shall undergo any increase in number of dwelling units, gross floor area, seating capacity, or other unit of measurement specified herein after for required parking or loading facilities, and further, when the increase would result in a requirement for additional total parking or loading spaces through application of the provisions of these standards, parking and loading facilities may be increased accordingly, provided that existing parking or loading facilities shall be so increased that the facilities would at least equal or exceed the parking or loading requirements resulting from application of these provisions to the entire building or structure as modified.

   (C)   Existing parking and loading spaces. Accessory off-street parking and loading spaces in existence on the effective date of these standards may not be reduced in number unless already exceeding the requirements of this section for equivalent new construction; in which event, the spaces shall not be reduced below the number required herein for the equivalent new construction.

   (D)   Permissive parking and loading spaces. Nothing in this section shall prevent the establishment of off-street automobile parking or loading facilities to serve any existing use of land or buildings, subject to full compliance with the provisions of this section, except that off-street parking areas accessory to existing multiple-family structures cannot be located off the premises containing the principal use, unless on a lot adjacent thereto, without special authorization by the City Council.

   (E)   Damage or destruction. Any building, structure or use which is in existence and in a conforming use on the effective date of these standards and which subsequently shall be damaged or destroyed by fire, collapse, explosion or other cause may be reconstructed, re-established or repaired with or without off-street parking or loading facilities, except that parking or loading facilities equivalent to any maintained at the time of the damage or destruction shall be restored or continued in operation. However, it shall not be necessary to restore or maintain parking or loading facilities in excess of those required herein for equivalent new construction.

   (F)   Schedule of requirements.

      (1)   Tables for required parking and loading. Requirements governing the number and location of off-street parking and off-street loading facilities in relation to the use of property are established hereinafter in this section. The parking and loading requirements for any use not specified herein shall be the same as for a similar specified use, as determined by § 155.171.

      (2)   Floor area. The term FLOOR AREA as employed in this parking and loading section in the case of office, merchandising or service types of use shall mean the gross floor area of a building or structure used or intended to be used for service to the public as customers, patrons, clients, patients or tenants, including areas occupied by fixtures and equipment used for display or sale of merchandise. FLOOR AREA for the purposes of this section, shall not include any area used for:

         (a)   Storage accessory to the principal use of a building;

         (b)   Incidental repairs;

         (c)   Processing or packaging of merchandise;

         (d)   Show windows, or offices incidental to the management or maintenance of a store or building;

         (e)   Rest rooms;

         (f)   Utilities; or

         (g)   Dressing, fitting or alteration rooms.

(1992 Code, § 155.161) (Ord. passed 5- -1969) Penalty, see § 155.999

   Off-street parking facilities accessory to residential use and developed in any residential district in accordance with the requirements of this section shall be used solely for the parking of passenger automobiles owned by occupants of the dwelling structures to which the facilities are accessory or by guests of the occupants. Under no circumstances shall required parking facilities accessory to residential structures be used for the storage of commercial vehicles or for the parking of automobiles belonging to the employees, owners, tenants, visitors, or customers of business or manufacturing establishments, except as permitted in § 155.166.

(1992 Code, § 155.162) (Ord. passed 5- -1969) Penalty, see § 155.999

   Off-street parking facilities for different buildings, structures or uses or for mixed uses may be provided collectively in any zoning district in which separate parking facilities for each constituent use would be permitted, provided that the total number of spaces so located together shall not be less than the sum of the separate requirements for each use.

(1992 Code, § 155.163) (Ord. passed 5- -1969)

   When required accessory off-street parking facilities are provided elsewhere than on the same lot on which the principal use served is located, they shall be in the same possession, either by deed or long-term lease, as the property occupied by the principal use, and the owner shall be bound by covenants filed of record in the Office of the Recorder of Deeds, requiring the owner and his or her heirs and assigns to maintain the required number of parking spaces during the existence of the principal use.

(1992 Code, § 155.164) (Ord. passed 5- -1969) Penalty, see § 155.999

   Accessory parking facilities provided elsewhere than on the same zoning lot with the principal use served in accordance with subsection 7-6.4 may be located in any zoning district except as follows:

   (A)   No parking facilities accessory to a multiple- family use shall be located in an R-1 District;

   (B)   No parking facilities accessory to a business or manufacturing use shall be located in a residential district, except when authorized by the City Council as prescribed hereinafter;

   (C)   No parking facilities accessory to a manufacturing use shall be permitted in a B-1 District.

(1992 Code, § 155.165) (Ord. passed 5- -1969) Penalty, see § 155.999

   Accessory off-street parking facilities serving nonresidential uses of property may be permitted in an R-2 District when authorized by the City Council, subject to the following requirements, in addition to all other relevant requirements of this section.

   (A)   The parking lot shall be accessory to, and for use in connection with, 1 or more nonresidential establishments located in adjoining districts, or in connection with 1 or more existing professional or institutional office buildings or institutions.

   (B)   The parking lot shall be used solely for the parking of passenger automobiles.

   (C)   No commercial repair work or service of any kind shall be conducted on the parking lot.

   (D)   No sign of any kind other than signs designating entrances, exits and conditions of use shall be maintained on the parking lot.

   (E)   Each entrance to and exit from the parking lot shall be at least 20 feet distant from any adjacent property located in any residential district, except where ingress and egress to the parking lot are provided from a public alley or public way separating the residential areas from the proposed parking lot.

   (F)   In addition to the foregoing requirements, the parking lots shall conform to any further requirements and conditions as may be prescribed by the City Council for the protection of properties adjacent to and in the vicinity of the proposed parking lot. These may include the provision of screen plantings.

(1992 Code, § 155.166) (Ord. passed 5- -1969)

   (A)   Parking space. A required off-street parking space shall be an area of not less than 162 square feet nor less than 8½ feet wide by 19 feet long, exclusive of access drives or aisles, ramps, columns or office and work areas, accessible from streets or from private driveways or aisles leading to streets or alleys and to be used for the storage or parking of passenger automobiles and commercial vehicles under 1½ tons capacity where permitted in these standards. Aisles between vehicular parking spaces shall not be less than 12 feet in width when serving automobiles parked at a 45° angle in 1 direction, nor less than 20 feet in width when serving automobiles parked perpendicular to the aisles and accommodating two-way traffic.

   (B)   Measurement of space. When determination of the number of required off-street parking spaces results in a requirement of fractional space, any fraction up to and including one-half shall be disregarded, and fractions over one-half shall be interpreted as 1 parking space.

   (C)   Open and enclosed spaces. Parking areas may be open or enclosed except that when parking facilities accessory to a multiple dwelling are located in a residential or business district elsewhere than on the same zoning lot with the principal use served, the parking facilities shall be open to the sky.

   (D)   Access. Parking facilities shall be designed with appropriate means of vehicular access to a street or alley in such a manner as will least interfere with the movement of traffic.

   (E)   Signs. No signs shall be displayed in any parking area within any residential district, except such as may be necessary for the orderly use of the parking facilities.

   (F)   Required setbacks. No parking space nor portion thereof established on the same zoning lot with a building shall be located within a required front yard. No parking spaces nor portion thereof established on a zoning lot without a building shall be located closer to any street line than the established building line on adjacent properties nor closer than the front yard setback required for the district in which the parking lot is located. Further, any wall, fence, or hedge developed around any parking area shall be subject to the front yard setback requirements established in these standards in the same manner as a building or structure.

   (G)   Surfacing. All open off-street parking areas shall be hard surfaced or shall be surfaced with a dustless material.

   (H)   Screening and landscaping. All open off- street parking areas for 6 or more cars shall be effectively screened by a wall, a solid fence or a densely planted compact hedge along any side which adjoins or is directly across a street or alley from a property in a residential district or an institutional property. The wall, fence, or hedge, shall be at least 4 feet, but not more than 7 feet, in height, and shall be maintained in good condition.

   (I)   Lighting. Any lighting used to illuminate an off-street parking area shall be so arranged as to reflect the light away from adjoining properties.

(1992 Code, § 155.167) (Ord. passed 5- -1969) Penalty, see § 155.999

   Any automobile parking area developed for transient trade, and not accessory to specific principal uses or groups of uses for which parking is required by these standards, shall be treated as a “special use” as defined in §§ 155.125 through 155.128, and as allowed in accordance with the provisions of §§ 155.125 through 155.128 by the City Council.

(1992 Code, § 155.168) (Ord. passed 5- -1969)

   (A)   Loading berth. An off-street loading berth shall be a hard-surfaced area of land, open or enclosed, other than a street or a public way, used principally for the standing, loading or unloading of motor trucks, tractors and trailers so as to avoid undue interference with the public use of streets and alleys. A required loading space shall not be less than 10 feet in width, 45 feet in length, and 14 feet in height, exclusive of access aisles and maneuvering space, except as otherwise specifically dimensioned hereafter.

   (B)   Location. No permitted or required loading berth shall be closer than 50 feet to any property in a residential district unless completely enclosed by building walls, or a uniformly painted solid fence or wall, or any combination thereof not less than 6 feet in height. No permitted or required loading berth shall be located within 25 feet of the nearest point of intersection of any 2 streets. Loading berths open to the sky may be located in any required yards.

   (C)   Measurement of berth. When determination of the number of required off-street loading berths results in a requirement of a fractional berth, any fraction up to and including ½ shall be disregarded, and fractions over ½ shall be interpreted as 1 loading berth.

   (D)   Surfacing. All open off-street loading berths shall be improved with a hard surface or shall be surfaced with a dustless material.

(1992 Code, § 155.169) (Ord. passed 5- -1969) Penalty, see § 155.999

   Off-street automobile parking facilities shall be located as hereinafter specified; where a distance is specified, the distance shall be walking distance measured from the nearest point of the parking area to the nearest entrance of the building that the parking area is required to serve:

   (A)   For one- and two-family dwellings, on the same lot with the building they are required to serve;

   (B)   For three- and four-family dwellings not over 2 stories in height, on the same lot or parcel of land as the building they are required to serve. For the purpose of these standards, a group of the uses constructed and maintained under single ownership or management shall be assumed to be on a single lot or parcel of land;

   (C)   For apartment houses containing 4 or more dwelling units, on the same lot or parcel of land as the building they are required to serve, or on a separate motor parcel of land not more than 300 feet from the nearest entrance to the principal building being served provided the lot or parcel of land selected for the parking facilities is located in an apartment district or a less restricted district;

   (D)   For rooming houses, lodging houses, clubs, hospitals, sanitariums, orphanages, homes for the aged, convalescent homes, dormitories, sorority and fraternity houses, and for the other similar uses, the off-street parking facilities required shall be on the same lot or parcel of land as the principal building or buildings being served, or upon properties contiguous to the zoning lot upon which is located the building or buildings they are intended to serve;

   (E)   For uses other than those specified above, off-street parking facilities shall be provided on the same lot or parcel of land as the principal building being served, or on a separate lot or parcel of land not over 1,000 feet from the entrance of the principal building, measured from the nearest point of the parking area, provided the separate lot or parcel of land intended for the parking facilities is located in the same district as the principal permitted use or in a less restricted district.

(1992 Code, § 155.170) (Ord. passed 5- -1969)

   Parking requirements shall be as follows:

   (A)   For one- and two-family dwellings, 1 parking space for each family dwelling unit.

   (B)   For 3 or more family dwellings, 1 parking space for each family dwelling unit.

   (C)   For hotels and clubs, 1 parking space for each 6 guests or sleeping rooms and suites, plus 1 parking space for each 300 square feet of floor area devoted to supplementary parking generative activities such as bars, ballrooms, dining rooms, night club facilities and the like.

   (D)   For motels, parking space for each guest or sleeping room or suite, plus 1 additional space for the owner, manager and employees on the premises.

   (E)   For lodging, rooming and boarding houses, 1 parking space for each 4 guests, plus 1 additional space for the owner or manager if resident on the premises.

   (F)   For private clubs or lodges (without sleeping rooms), parking spaces equal in number to 25% of the total membership.

   (G)   For hospitals, 1 parking space for each 3 hospital beds, plus 1 parking space for each 1,500 square feet of gross floor area in residents’ quarters, plus 1 additional space for each staff or visiting doctor.

   (H)   For sanitariums, convalescent homes, nursing homes or homes for the aged, 1 space for each 4 patient beds, plus 1 additional space for each staff or visiting doctor.

   (I)   For medical or dental clinics, 3 parking spaces per doctor engaged at clinic.

   (J)   For mortuaries or funeral parlors, 5 parking spaces for each room used as a chapel or parlor, plus 1 space for each funeral vehicle maintained on the premises, plus 1 space for each family residing on the premises.

   (K)   For bowling alleys, 2 parking spaces for each alley plus the additional spaces as may be determined by the Building Official for affiliated uses such as bars, restaurants and the like.

   (L)   For convention halls, dance halls, skating rinks, assembly halls, exhibition halls or other places of assembly, 1 parking space for each 100 square feet of floor area used for assembly.

   (M)   Stadium, sports arena, auditorium and gymnasium (other than incidental to a school), 1 parking space for each 8 seats.

   (N)   For theaters:

      (1)   Indoor - 1 parking space for each 10 seats up to 500, plus 1 parking space for each 5 seats above 500.

      (2)   Outdoor - reservoir space equal to 10% of the capacity.

   (O)   For church, Sunday school, high school, college and university auditoriums, 1 parking space for each 12 seats provided in the buildings or structures.

   (P)   For airports, railroad passenger stations, bus depots, or other passenger terminal facilities (special uses), the parking space as the City Council, subject to the recommendation of the Plan Commission, shall deem to be adequate for employees, passengers, spectators, visitors and others.

   (Q)   For banks, business or professional offices, or public administration buildings, 1 parking space for each 400 square feet of floor area.

   (R)   For mixed uses - the parking facilities required shall be the sum of the requirements for the various individual uses, computed separately in accordance with this section; parking facilities for 1 use shall not be considered as providing the required parking facilities for any other use in the same building or on the same lot.

   (S)   For retail stores and service shops, 1 parking space for each 300 square feet of retail floor area.

   (T)   For establishments handling the sale and consumption of alcoholic beverages, food or refreshments on the premises, 1 parking space for each 300 square feet of floor area.

   (U)   For furniture and appliance stores, motor vehicle sales, wholesale stores, household equipment or furniture repair shops or machinery sales, 1 parking space for each 600 square feet of floor area.

   (V)   For manufacturing and industrial uses, research and testing laboratories, laundry and dry- cleaning plants, printing, binding, publishing and issuing of newspapers, periodicals, books and other reading matter, telephone exchanges, warehouses, storage buildings, engraving shops, assembly of materials and products, and other similar uses, 1 parking space for each 4 employees, based upon the maximum number of persons to be employed at any 1 work period during the day or night, plus the additional parking facilities as shall be required for all vehicles used in the conduct of the enterprise.

(1992 Code, § 155.171) (Ord. passed 5- -1969)

   In all districts where property uses include the loading and unloading of materials or merchandise from vehicles, off-street loading and unloading facilities shall be provided in accordance with the following requirements.

   (A)   For hospitals or sanitariums containing forty thousand to 100,000 square feet of gross floor area, 1 off-street loading and unloading space, plus 1 additional space for each additional 100,000 square feet of gross floor area or fraction thereof in excess of 100,000 square feet.

   (B)   For buildings containing bowling alleys, taverns, restaurants, or any retail shops and having 10,000 or more square feet of gross floor area, 1 off- street loading and unloading space.

   (C)   For banks, business or professional offices or public administration buildings containing 20,000 square feet or more of gross floor space, 1 off-street loading and unloading space.

   (D)   For buildings containing furniture and appliance stores, motor vehicle sales, wholesale stores, household equipment or machinery sales and having 8,000 to 25,000 square feet of gross floor area, 1 off-street loading and unloading space.

   (E)   For buildings containing manufacturing uses, research and testing laboratories, laundry and dry- cleaning establishments, printing, binding, publishing and issuing of newspapers, periodicals, books and other reading matter, warehouse and storage facilities, engraving shops, assembly of materials and products, processing and distribution of materials and products, and other similar uses, having more than 8,000 square feet of gross floor area, exclusive of basement area, and less than 40,000 square feet of gross floor area, 1 off-street loading and unloading space, plus 1 additional space for each additional 60,000 square feet of gross floor area in excess of 40,000 square feet.

(1992 Code, § 155.172) (Ord. passed 5- -1969)