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Wolverine Lake City Zoning Code

CHAPTER 1280

Accessory Buildings and Structures

1280.01 TIME OF CONSTRUCTION.

   An accessory building or structure shall not be constructed on any lot prior to the time of construction of the principal building to which it is accessory.
(Ord. 106. Passed 12-9-81; Ord. 106A-21. Passed 12-13-89).

1280.02 TYPE, SIZE AND QUANTITY PERMITTED.

   Detached accessory buildings and structures shall be limited to the following general types, and limited to the following size and quantity when located on a single zoning lot zoned and/or used for residential purposes:
   (a)   Buildings.
      (1)   Single-family residential units. One garage, carport that is securely anchored to the ground, and/or large storage building which shall not exceed one story or fourteen feet in height nor for:
         A.   Single family units: exceed the ground floor area of the residential unit located on the same lot or 750 square feet, whichever is less.
         B.   Multi-family residential units: exceed the ground floor area of the residential unit located on the same lot or 400 square feet per family unit, whichever is less.
      (2)   One shed or one other utility structure for the storage of domestic tools, recreational equipment or other supplies which shall not exceed ten feet in height nor exceed 200 square feet in area with no single side wall dimension exceeding sixteen feet in length.
   (b)   Structures.
      (1)   One pump house on lakefront lots which shall not exceed three feet in height nor exceed eight square feet in area.
      (2)    Up to one swimming pool and one spa, hot tub, or similar facility. Spas/hot tubs physically integrated into the side walls of an in-ground swimming pool are considered one facility.
      (3)   One of the following:
         A.   A playhouse, gazebo, cabana, pergola or other similar structure, as determined by the Building Official, which shall not exceed ten feet in height nor exceed one hundred square feet in area.
         B.   An outdoor kitchen, which shall not exceed one hundred square feet in area.
         C.   An outdoor fireplace or pizza oven, which chimney shall not exceed ten feet in height, nor the hearth exceed sixty-four square feet in area. The area dimension is measured by using the height of the fireplace at its tallest point of the chimney and the width of the fireplace at its widest point, including any integrated wall, wood storage area, or other attachments.
            1.   Permanently installed outdoor fireplaces for recreational fire purposes shall not be installed within ten feet of any structure or combustible material. It shall also not be installed within ten feet of any side property line.
      (4)   One greenhouse or one conservatory which shall not exceed ten feet in height nor exceed 120 square feet in area.
      (5)   Tennis courts, basketball courts or other play surfaces where activities can be accommodated solely within unrequired side yards and/or rear yards. If fencing is required in excess of six feet in height, the location, use and height of the fencing for such play surfaces shall be reviewed and approved by the Planning Commission.
      (6)   Satellite dishes, antennas or other equipment for the receipt or transmission of audio-visual communication signals. Such equipment shall be subject to height, size and placement restrictions that will not interfere with the visual enjoyment of the lake by adjacent property owners nor the physical safety of adjacent property owners when the equipment is operable or when it may be destroyed or fall due to natural causes.
      (7)   Any accessory structure other than that described above is prohibited.
(Ord. 106. Passed 12-9-81; Ord. 106A-21. Passed 12-13-89; Ord. 106- A41. Passed 10-13-04; Ord. 106-A90. Passed 5-14-14; Ord. 106-A97. Passed 12-10-14; Ord. 106A-109. Passed 7-11-18; Ord. 106A-122. Passed 3-13-24.)

1280.03 GENERAL REGULATIONS.

   The following general regulations shall apply to all detached accessory buildings and structures:
   (a)   Detached accessory buildings and structures in Single-Family Detached Residential Districts shall be subject to the review and approval of the Building Official. The Building Official, with notice to the petitioner, shall seek the review and recommendation of the Planning Commission on this subject if the proposed accessory building is not in harmony with the principal building on the lot, as determined in paragraph (c)(1) below.
   (b)   Detached accessory buildings and structures in districts other than Single-Family Detached Residential Districts, shall be subject to the review and approval of the Planning Commission.
   (c)   The erection of an accessory building or structure shall be subject to the following conditions:
      (1)   The appearance of the building shall be in harmony with the principal use of the property. The following standards shall be used in this evaluation:
         A.   The architectural style, type of construction and building materials of the accessory building shall be similar to and harmonious with the principal building on the lot as determined by the Village.
         B.   For residential districts, the exterior materials used in the accessory building are typically used for the same purposes in residential construction, or have a similar appearance as materials typically used in residential construction. For non-residential districts, the exterior materials used in the accessory building are typically used for the same purpose in non-residential construction or have a similar appearance as materials typically used in non-residential construction.
      (2)   The building and/or structure shall be kept in good repair, it shall not become a physical hazard, health or safety problem, and it shall not become a visual nuisance to adjacent property owners or to the general public.
      (3)   The placement of the building or structure shall not unreasonably impair the view of the Lake for surrounding property owners.
(Ord. 106. Passed 12-9-81; Ord. 106A-21. Passed 12-13-89; Ord. 106-A90. Passed 5-14-14.)

1280.04 PLACEMENT REGULATIONS.

   Accessory buildings and structures are subject to the placement and setback requirements outlined in each zoning district, and residential detached accessory buildings and structures are also subject to the following placement regulations:
   (a)   Accessory buildings shall not be located in any required or non-required front yard (i.e., not permitted between the house and the street).
   (b)   Accessory buildings and structures in lakefront yards not exceeding eighteen inches in height above the surrounding grade shall be setback from the water's edge by a minimum of five feet. Accessory buildings and structures in lakefront yards exceeding eighteen inches in height above the surrounding grade shall be setback from the water's edge by a minimum of twenty feet. Notwithstanding the previous setback requirements, the following accessory structures may be located anywhere in a required or non-required lakefront yard: a ground-level deck, a play structure, a pump house, a temporary boat lift and a temporary dock. Accessory buildings and structures in rear (non-lakefront) yards shall be set back from the side or rear property line by a minimum of five feet, unless greater setbacks are required by this code.
   (c)   Accessory buildings shall be permitted in any required and non-required side and rear yards subject to:
      (1)   The general regulations of this section and other requirements of this Zoning Code.
      (2)   The setback regulations of Sections 1250.06 for the Single-Family Detached Residential Districts and the requirement of site plan approval for all other districts.
       (3)   The total area of all accessory buildings or structures shall not occupy more than twenty-five percent of the area of the required yard in which they are located.
   (d)   When an accessory building is closer than ten feet to a principal building, additional fire separation construction requirements will be necessary as set forth in the Building and Housing Code.
   (e)   When the rear lot line of a corner lot is the same as the side lot line of an adjoining lot in a Residential District, no accessory building shall be closer to the rear lot line than the required side yard setback of such adjoining lot nor closer to the side street lot line than the front yard setback of the principal building on the adjoining lot.
   (f)   When the rear lot line of a corner lot is the same as the rear lot line of any other lot, no accessory building shall be closer to the side street lot line than the setback of the principal building on either of the lots.
   (g)   When an accessory building is attached to the principal building, the accessory buildings must meet all of the setback requirements of the principal building.
(Ord. 106. Passed 12-9-81; Ord. 106A-21. Passed 12-13-89; Ord. 160A-109. Passed 7-11-18; Ord. 106A-117. Passed 10-13-21.)

1280.05 TEMPORARY ACCESSORY USES.

   The following temporary accessory uses may be permitted on single-family detached residential parcels subject to the following:
   (a)   The temporary storage of all vessels (as defined in Section 1240.08), trailers, docks and materials customarily incidental to the usage of the lake, is permitted in a required rear yard, required or unrequired lakefront yard, and required or unrequired side yard provided the property is maintained in a manner to enhance the area. Temporary storage of one boat and one trailer on the street-side front yard is also permitted. Temporary storage of the materials listed above in any yard must be setback a minimum of five feet from any dwelling and located on the property.
   (b)   Occupancy while building permanent residence. The Village Administrator or his or her designee shall have the authority to issue an on-site temporary trailer use permit for a period of no longer than six months during the construction of a principal dwelling on the same site, or for additional periods of time no longer than six months each. Prior to such a permit being issued a performance or cash bond in the amount of two thousand dollars ($2,000.00) shall be provided by the petitioner to assure the prompt and orderly removal of the trailer and site improvements at the expiration of any such permit issued, and also to guarantee that the trailer is of neat appearance when in use.
   (c)   Any type of temporary shade structure, such as tarps, canopies, tents, pergolas, or similar structures, whether set upon or attached to the ground, or set upon or attached to a deck, patio, outdoor furniture, outdoor structure of any kind, or other surface, shall meet the same setback requirements as any permanent accessory structure.
      (1)   Temporary shade structure used to shield people for special events, such as weddings or graduations, may be erected within a non-required rear yard for no more than seven consecutive days. Temporary shade structures for such events may be erected in a required rear or lakefront yard for no more than seven consecutive days after obtaining a Certificate of Zoning Compliance from the Building Official.
(Ord. 106. Passed 12-9-81; Ord. 106A-21. Passed 12-13-89; Ord. 106A-26. Passed 10-12-94; Ord. 106A-28. Passed 12-13-95; Ord. 106A-109. Passed 7-11-18; Ord. 106A-112. Passed 3-11-20.)

1280.06 SWIMMING POOLS, SPAS, HOT TUBS, AND SIMILAR FACILITIES.

   It is hereby determined that outdoor swimming pools, spas, hot tubs, and similar facilities may endanger the public safety unless carefully regulated and supervised.
   (a)   Definitions and Purpose. These regulations were enacted to guide the construction and operation of swimming pools, spas, hot tubs, and similar facilities. A swimming pool is defined in Chapter 1472 of the Wolverine Lake Municipal Code of Ordinances. In addition to Chapter 1472 , these definitions pertain to this chapter (1280 ). For the purpose of this chapter swimming pools, spas, hot tubs, and similar facilities are considered an accessory structure. See this chapter for additional regulations.
      (1)   “Barrier” means a fence or a wall surrounding the swimming pool, spa, hot tub or similar facility or a motorized swimming pool cover requiring a key switch to operate, or a locked cover for a spa, hot tub, or similar facility.
      (2)   “In-ground swimming pool” means a swimming pool permanently built into the ground including its decks, walks and side walls, which project less than two feet above the average finished grade of the swimming pool site or portion of the lot immediately surrounding the swimming pool to a distance of 20 feet beyond the swimming pool.
      (3)   “Temporary-swimming pool” means a swimming pool above ground made of plastic, light metal, or other light duty materials that are more than three feet in height and are completely emptied when not in use.
      (4)   “Spa or hot tub” means a hydromassage pool, or tub for recreational or therapeutic use, not located in health care facilities, designed for immersion of users, and can include pumps, air blowers, heaters, luminaires, controls and sanitizer generators. They are installed on the ground or supporting structure, or in the ground or supporting structure. Generally, a spa or hot tub is not designed or intended to have its contents drained or discharged after each use.
   (b)   Permit Application; Fee; Plot Plan. Applications for a permit shall show the name of the owner, the location of the proposed swimming pool, spa, hot tub, or similar facility, the manner in which its use shall be supervised, the safety precautions to be made to protect those making use thereof, or who might be endangered thereby, and information showing the size, depth and capacity of such swimming pool, spa, hot tub, or similar facility, and shall be accompanied by such other information necessary for the protection of the public health and safety as may be required by the Village Building Inspector and/or the Public Health Officer. There shall also be filed with the Village Building Inspector a plot plan of the property showing the location of such swimming pool, spa, hot tub, or similar facility thereon and a detailed plan for such swimming pool, spa, hot tub, or similar facility which shall contain such information as to the type, height, and location of the fence surrounding said swimming pool, spa, hot tub, or similar facility, and the number of gates therein. Applicants for permits shall submit the established fee with their applications, said fee to be used to defray any expense incurred by the Village in the enforcement and administration of this chapter.
   (c)   Location, Height and Area Requirements. No outdoor swimming pool, spa, hot tub, or similar facility shall be built, constructed or assembled on any lot or parcel of land which is less than 4,000 square feet in area.
      (1)   Location.
         A.   In non-lakefront yards, no swimming pool, spa, hot tub, or similar facility, and the decks, walks and the appurtenances thereto, shall be located nearer than ten feet from the side or rear property line of the lot or parcel upon which it is situated or nearer to any street on which the lot or parcel abuts than a distance of ten feet greater than the building setback.
         B.   In lakefront yards, placement of swimming pools shall follow the requirements in Section 1280.04. Spas, hot tubs, and similar facilities shall locate the closest wall of the hot tub a maximum of 15 feet from the house, but in no instance shall the facility be located closer to the water’s edge than 20 feet. Spas, hot tubs, and similar facilities shall not be located nearer than ten feet from the side property line.
         C.   Pumps, filtering systems, and equipment storage shall be located not less than 20 feet from any property line and less than five feet from the building setback line. Location must be in lakefront yard for lake front homes.
      (2)   Area limitations.
         A.   The area of a swimming pool, related decks, walks and other appurtenances, shall not exceed 10% of the area of the lot or parcel on which the swimming pool is located. The area of decks, walks and appurtenances is included in lot coverage calculations.
         B.   The maximum dimensions for a spa, hot tub, or similar facility shall not exceed eight-feet wide by eight-feet long by 39-inches in height.
      (3)   Height limitations. Fences, lights, diving boards, slides or other accessories shall not project more than four feet in height or impede a neighbor’s view.
      (4)   Only in-ground (vs. above ground) swimming pools are permitted in lakefront yards. Both in-ground and above-ground spas, hot tubs, or similar facilities are permitted in lakefront yards.
   (d)   Barriers. All barriers for swimming pools, spas, hot tubs, and similar facilities must conform to State and Village requirements for enclosure in Chapter 1472 , and conform to Section 1270.08 , Fences, Arbors and Trellises.
   (e)   Supervision. No person shall maintain an outdoor swimming pool, spa, hot tub, or similar facility on his or her premises without providing adequate supervision at all times when the swimming pool, spa, hot tub, or similar facility is in use so that no person may be injured or drowned therein.
   (f)   Public Health Measures. Any outdoor swimming pool, spa, hot tub, or similar facility shall not be used unless adequate public health measures are periodically taken to ensure that the use thereof will not cause the spread of disease. The water of all swimming pools, spas, hot tubs and similar facilities shall be maintained according to the current standards set by the State Department of Public Health and the Oakland County Department of Health to protect the public health in the use of such swimming pools, spas, hot tubs and similar facilities are hereby adopted and made a part of this chapter.
   (g)   Penalty. Any person who violates any provision of this section is responsible for a municipal civil infraction, subject to payment of a civil fine as specified in Section 202.99 of the Administration Code, plus costs and other sanctions, for each infraction. Repeat offenses shall be subject to increased fines as provided in Section 202.99 . In addition, any violation of the terms of this section shall be and the same is hereby declared to be a nuisance per se and the Village, by and through its proper officers and agents, shall have the authority and power by proper court procedure to maintain and conduct legal action for the abatement of such violation.
(Ord. 106A-122. Passed 3-13-24.)