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Yakima County Unincorporated
City Zoning Code

Subtitle 19.2

IMPROVEMENTS AND SITE DESIGN

§ 19.20.010 Legislative Intent.

The purpose of this chapter is to promote the public health, safety and welfare through a comprehensive system of reasonable, effective, consistent, content-neutral and nondiscriminatory sign standards and requirements. It has also been adopted to promote the following:
(1) 
Minimum standards in order to promote traffic safety;
(2) 
Recognition of free speech rights by regulating signs in a content neutral manner;
(3) 
The free flow of traffic and to protect pedestrians and motorists from injury and property damage caused by, or attributable to, cluttered, distracting and/or illegible signs;
(4) 
Provide consistent and compatible sign design standards; and
(5) 
Adopt understandable regulations which enable the fair and consistent enforcement of this Chapter.
This chapter is not intended to restrict speech on the basis of its content, viewpoint or message. Any classification of signs herein which purports to permit speech by reason of the type of sign, identity of the sign user or otherwise, should be interpreted to allow commercial or non-commercial speech on the sign. Nothing in this chapter should be construed to favor commercial speech over non-commercial speech.
(Ord. 7-2013 § 1 (Exh. A) (part), 2015; Ord. 9-2019 (Exh. 3) (part), 2019)

§ 19.20.020 Special Sign Definitions.

For this Chapter, certain abbreviations, terms, phrases, words and derivatives shall be construed as specified in Section 19.01.070.
(Ord. 7-2013 § 1 (Exh. A) (part), 2015; Ord. 9-2019 (Exh. 3) (part), 2019)

§ 19.20.030 Development Authorization Required.

Signs governed by this Chapter shall receive a development authorization from the Reviewing Official before being erected, structurally altered, replaced, or relocated after the adoption of this Title.
(1) 
New Signs. All on-premises signs are accessory uses and shall be subject to the same procedural and review requirements as the principal use, except that new signs accessory to existing or approved uses may be reviewed as modifications to existing or approved uses under Section 19.35.030. Off-premises signs and billboards are permitted as shown in Section 19.20.130. New signs for legal nonconforming uses shall be approved under 19.33.
(2) 
Changes or Replacements of Existing Signs. Structural changes to, or replacement of, existing signs requires Type 1 review and approval by the Administrative Official; provided that:
(a) 
Structural changes to, or replacement of, existing signs that are, or are for, Type 2 or Type 3 uses shall be reviewed as modifications under Chapter 19.35;
(b) 
Structural changes to, or replacement of, existing signs that are, or are for, legal nonconforming uses shall be reviewed under the additional provisions of Chapter 19.33; and
(c) 
No review shall be required when the change or replacement is an exact replacement of a legal conforming sign.
(Ord. 7-2013 § 1 (Exh. A) (part), 2015; Ord. 9-2019 (Exh. 3) (part), 2019)

§ 19.20.040 Non-Reviewed Signs.

Except when otherwise prohibited, the following signs are exempt from the application, permit and fee requirements of this Title when the standards of this Chapter are met:
(1) 
Window signs;
(2) 
Point of purchase displays, such as product dispensers;
(3) 
Gravestones;
(4) 
Barber poles;
(5) 
Historical site plaques;
(6) 
Structures intended for a separate use such as phone booths, Goodwill containers, etc.;
(7) 
Official and/or legal notices issued by any government agency or body, court, public body, person or officer in performance of a public duty required or provided for under adopted statute, ordinance, or regulation;
(8) 
Directional, warning or information signs or structures required or authorized by law, or by federal, state, county or city authority;
(9) 
Flags;
(10) 
All temporary signs (See Section 19.20.110);
(11) 
On-premises signs not readable from the public right-of-way, i.e. menu boards, etc.;
(12) 
On-premises directional signs conforming to the requirements of Subsection 19.20.120;
(13) 
Nameplates less than two square feet, such as those for home businesses; and
(14) 
Portable sandwich board signs not to exceed 12 square feet per face up to 1 sign per frontage.
(Ord. 7-2013 § 1 (Exh. A) (part), 2015; Ord. 9-2019 (Exh. 3) (part), 2019)

§ 19.20.050 Prohibited Signs.

The following signs are prohibited:
(1) 
Signs on any vehicle or trailer parked on public or private property and visible from a public right-of-way, including trailer-mounted or otherwise portable reader boards. This provision shall not prohibit signs that are painted on or magnetically attached to any vehicle operating in the normal course of business;
(2) 
Signs that are an imitation of, or resemble an official traffic sign or signal; could cause confusion with any official sign, or that obstruct the visibility of any traffic/street sign or signal;
(3) 
Signs attached to utility, streetlight and traffic-control standard poles;
(4) 
On-premises directional signs not conforming to the requirements of Subsection 19.20.120;
(5) 
Signs in a dilapidated (having peeling paint, cracks or holes, and/or loose or dangling materials) or hazardous condition;
(6) 
Abandoned signs;
(7) 
Signs on doors, windows, or fire escapes that restrict free ingress or egress;
(8) 
Balloon signs;
(9) 
Signs erected on trees or drawn on rocks or natural settings, except for approved signs carved in rocks;
(10) 
Changing message center signs and video signs along roads/streets having a speed limit higher than forty mph and within UGAs whose city/town would prohibit such signs at the location if they were in the city/town limits;
(11) 
Beacons that flash and/or spin, except for those provided for airports and searchlights that direct light beams into the sky;
(12) 
Flashing on- or off-premises signs;
(13) 
Roof signs; and
(14) 
Any other sign not meeting the requirements of this Chapter.
(Ord. 7-2013 § 1 (Exh. A) (part), 2015; Ord. 9-2019 (Exh. 3) (part), 2019)

§ 19.20.060 Nonconforming Signs, Maintenance of Signs, and Removal of Signs.

(1) 
Nonconforming signs can be found under YCC § 19.33.
(2) 
Maintenance of signs. It is unlawful for any owner of record, lessor, lessee, manager or other person having lawful possession or control over a building, structure or parcel of land to fail to maintain any signs on the building, structure or parcel in compliance with this Chapter and the zoning provisions of this code. Signs placed on public property pursuant to this chapter shall be maintained by the sign owner.
(3) 
Removal of signs. Any vacant and/or unused sign support structures, poles or other remnants of old signs which are currently not in use, or are not proposed for immediate reuse, shall be removed. In addition to the remedies of YCC Title 19, the Administrative Official shall have the authority to require the repair, maintenance or removal of any sign or sign structure which has become dilapidated or represents a hazard to the safety, health or welfare of the public, at the cost of the sign and/or property owner.
(Ord. 7-2013 § 1 (Exh. A) (part), 2015; Ord. 9-2019 (Exh. 3) (part), 2019)

§ 19.20.070 Sign Standards.

This Chapter, including the requirements in Table 19.20-1 "Type of Signs Permitted," Table 19.20-2 "Number of Signs Permitted," Table 19.20-3 "Maximum Sign Area per Sign Face," and Table 19.20-4 "Sign Height and Setbacks," are established for all signs in the zoning districts indicated. All proposed signs are subject to the review procedures of this Title and the standards of this Chapter. Signs for new uses shall be subject to the same procedural and review requirements as the principal use.
(Ord. 7-2013 § 1 (Exh. A) (part), 2015; Ord. 9-2019 (Exh. 3) (part), 2019)

§ 19.20.080 General Provisions.

All signs shall comply with the following provisions:
(1) 
Construction shall satisfy the requirements of YCC Title 13 and development authorizations issued by the Reviewing Official;
(2) 
Except for non-reviewed signs and portable signs, all signs shall be permanently attached to a building or the ground;
(3) 
Signs attached to a building, shall not exceed the height of the building, except as allowed under this Chapter;
(4) 
All signs shall comply with the setback requirements in Table 19.20-4; except, when the side or rear yard is a street frontage, then the front setback shall apply;
(5) 
In addition to the sign illumination requirements of Section 19.20.095, lighting directed on or internal to any sign shall be shaded, screened or directed so the light's intensity or brightness shall not adversely affect neighboring property or motor vehicle safety;
(6) 
All signs with their supports, braces, and guy wires shall be maintained in a safe and secure manner;
(7) 
The ratio of the area of the sign support, framing structure, and other decorative features that contain no written or advertising copy to the "sign area" shall not be greater than 1:1;
(8) 
No signs shall be placed in the vision clearance triangle established in Section 19.10.040; and
(9) 
No sign shall project over any public right-of-way.
(Ord. 7-2013 § 1 (Exh. A) (part), 2015; Ord. 9-2019 (Exh. 3) (part), 2019)

§ 19.20.090 Projecting Signs.

No more than one-third of the height of any projecting sign shall exceed the height of the building to which it is attached.
(Ord. 7-2013 § 1 (Exh. A) (part), 2015; Ord. 9-2019 (Exh. 3) (part), 2019)

§ 19.20.095 Sign Illumination.

(1) 
General. No temporary or portable sign may be illuminated. No signs located in a residential zone may be illuminated, except that on parcels two (2) acres in size or greater signs may be halo illuminated or illuminated as necessary for allowable digital signs. Permanent signs allowed by this Chapter may be non-illuminated, illuminated by internal light fixtures, halo illuminated, or have external indirect illumination, unless otherwise specified.
(2) 
Externally illuminated signs.
(a) 
Except as provided in this Subsection, externally illuminated signs shall be illuminated only with steady, stationary, fully shielded light sources directed solely onto the sign without causing glare. Light shielding shall ensure that the lamp or light source is not visible beyond the premises and shall further ensure that the light is contained with the sign face.
(b) 
A light fixture mounted above the sign face may be installed with its bottom opening tilted towards the sign face, provided:
(i) 
The bottom opening of the light fixture is flat; and
(ii) 
The uppermost portion of the fixture's opening is located no higher than the top of the sign face. Light fixtures aimed and installed in this fashion shall be considered fully shielded.
(3) 
Internally illuminated signs.
(a) 
Internally illuminated signs shall be constructed with an opaque background and translucent text and symbols. If the sign owner desires to have the entire sign face visible at night, an external light source may be used to illuminate the sign, subject to this Chapter.
(b) 
The difference between the off and solid-message measurements using the Electronic Message Centers (EMC) Measurement Criteria shall not exceed 0.3 footcandles at night, utilizing the recommended International Sign Association (ISA) methodology to determine compliance.
(c) 
All permitted EMCs shall be equipped with a sensor or other device that automatically determines the ambient illumination and be programmed to automatically dim according to ambient light conditions, or that can be adjusted to comply with the 0.3 footcandle measurements.
(4) 
Billboards. This Section does not apply to billboards, which are regulated under Section 19.20.130.
(Ord. 9-2019 (Exh. 3) (part), 2019)

§ 19.20.100 Wall Signs.

All signs placed on walls, mechanical penthouses and surfaces that are 60 degrees or more from horizontal shall conform to the following provisions:
(1) 
Wall signs may be painted upon, attached flat to, or pinned away from the wall, but shall not project more than 12 inches from the wall, or more than necessary to extend beyond the eave of a roof as provided in (4) below.
(2) 
The number of wall signs is not regulated; provided the total area of the wall sign(s) shall not exceed the area of the wall to which attached.
(3) 
Wall signs shall not extend above the height of the wall to which attached, except as provided in (4) below.
(4) 
No more than ten percent of the sign area of a wall sign may extend above the sloping eave line of a building with a hip, gambrel, gable, or shed roof.
(Ord. 7-2013 § 1 (Exh. A) (part), 2015; Ord. 9-2019 (Exh. 3) (part), 2019)

§ 19.20.110 Temporary Signs.

All temporary signs shall conform to the following:
(1) 
Only one temporary sign on each street frontage per parcel or lot is permitted.
(2) 
No temporary sign shall be placed in a required parking space, driveway, or clear-view triangle.
(3) 
No temporary sign may be placed in the public right-of-way or an easement unless specifically permitted by the County.
(4) 
Temporary signs placed on the ground shall be separated from parking and driveway areas by a curb or other barrier.
(5) 
A temporary sign shall be removed within 15 days after the event for which it is intended.
(6) 
No temporary signs shall exceed 32 square feet in area.
(Ord. 7-2013 § 1 (Exh. A) (part), 2015; Ord. 9-2019 (Exh. 3) (part), 2019)

§ 19.20.120 On-Premises Signs.

All on-premises signs shall meet the general provisions of this Chapter and refer to Table 19.20-3. All on-premises directional signs shall meet the general provisions of this Chapter, and shall not exceed ten square feet per sign face.
(Ord. 7-2013 § 1 (Exh. A) (part), 2015; Ord. 9-2019 (Exh. 3) (part), 2019)

§ 19.20.130 Off-Premises Signs, Including Billboards.

(1) 
Off-Premises Directional Signs. Off-premises directional signs are permitted where indicated in Table 19.20-1; provided, that:
(a) 
Each use located in a district where off-premises directional signs are allowed is permitted one off-premises directional sign;
(b) 
The off-premises sign does not exceed 32 square feet in area and height as provided in Table 19.20-4 of this Chapter;
(c) 
The off-premises signs are permanently installed on private property; and
(d) 
Only one off-premises sign is permitted on a parcel.
(2) 
Kiosks. Kiosks are permitted where indicated in Table 19.20-1; provided that:
(a) 
Each use located in a district where off-premises kiosk signs are allowed is permitted one off-premises kiosk sign.
(b) 
The kiosk is situated in such a manner that allows for off-street parking that does not interfere with through traffic.
(c) 
The kiosk must be situated outside of the road right-of-way.
(d) 
Only one kiosk is permitted on a parcel.
(3) 
Other Off-Premises Signs including billboards. Off-premises signs that do not meet the standards in (1) and (2) of this Section shall meet criteria (a) through (i) below, in addition to the provisions of this Chapter:
(a) 
The maximum sign area does not exceed 300 square foot per sign face;
(b) 
There are no side by side panels;
(c) 
Required setbacks are met;
(d) 
Signs shall not be located within 150 feet of a residential district;
(e) 
Signs between a 150 and 300 foot radius of a residential district shall be restricted to 160 square feet per sign face and may not be lighted;
(f) 
Signs shall not be within 500 lineal feet of another off-premises sign on the same street;
(g) 
Sign height standards shall not exceed that permitted for freestanding signs as provided in Table 19.20-4 of this Chapter;
(h) 
The total number of combined freestanding signs and off-premises signs, including billboards, does not exceed the number of freestanding signs allowed for the property; and
(i) 
An off-premises sign, when located within an Urban Growth Area, shall be allowed only when the city's adopted zoning regulations would permit such a sign.
(Ord. 7-2013 § 1 (Exh. A) (part), 2015; Ord. 9-2019 (Exh. 3) (part), 2019)

§ 19.20.140 Multiple-Use Complexes.

(1) 
Purpose. The following provisions shall apply to multiple-use complexes in the RS, B-1, B-2, SCC, LCC, GC, HTC, M-1, and M-2 zoning districts.
(2) 
Number of Freestanding Signs. Each multiple-use complex shall be allowed one freestanding sign on each street frontage under Table 19.20-1.
When the street frontage is longer than 400 feet:
(a) 
One additional freestanding sign shall be permitted for each additional 400 feet of street frontage; or
(b) 
A single larger freestanding sign can be erected under Table 19.20-1 and 19.20-3.
If the multiple sign option, as set forth in Subsection (2)(a) of this Section, is selected, no freestanding sign shall be placed closer than 200 feet to any other freestanding sign or exceed the standards in Table 19.20-3.
(Ord. 7-2013 § 1 (Exh. A) (part), 2015; Ord. 9-2019 (Exh. 3) (part), 2019)

§ 19.20.150 Freeway Signs.

(1) 
Purpose. This Section permits hotels and motels, restaurants, service stations, and fruit stands near Interstate Highway 82 to have larger on-premises signs to inform freeway travelers of their service.
(2) 
Location. A use with more than one street frontage may substitute a freeway sign for one of its allowable freestanding signs when the use or portion thereof, is:
(a) 
Within 1,000 feet of an I-82 interchange; or
(b) 
Within 250 feet of the I-82 right-of-way.
(3) 
Number of Freeway Signs. Only one freeway sign is permitted on each lot, multiple-use complex or for each development, whichever is most restrictive.
(4) 
Uses with Only One Frontage. Uses within the area with only one public road frontage may install a freeway sign in addition to the permitted freestanding sign.
(5) 
Sign Height. The maximum height for freeway signs is shown in Table 19.20-4.
Table 19.20-1. Type of Signs Permitted
SIGN TYPE
ZONING DISTRICTS
AG, FW, RT, Rural-10/5, R/ELDP-40
RS
SR
R-1
R-2
R-3
B-1
B-2
SCC
LCC
GC
HTC
M-1
M-2
MIN
On-Premises Signs (2)
Changing message center signs
Accessory to a permitted use
Not permitted
Video signs (1)
Accessory to a permitted use
Not permitted
Freestanding signs (excluding Freeway signs), subject to Sections 19.20.120 & 19.20.140, including those integrated with entry gates for identification
Accessory to a permitted use
Projecting signs, subject to Section 19.20.090.
Wall signs, subject to Section 19.20.100.
Accessory to a permitted use
Not permitted
Accessory to a permitted use
Freeway signs, subject to Section 19.20.150
Not permitted
Accessory to a permitted use
Not permitted
Off-Premises Signs (2)
Directional signs & Kiosks, subject to Section 19.20.130
Type 2
Not permitted
Type 2
Type 1
Not permitted
Other, including billboards, subject to Section 19.20.130
Not permitted
Type 1
Not permitted
Notes:
(1)
Prohibited along certain roads as specified in Section 19.20.050(10).
(2)
Certain signs are prohibited by Section 19.20.050.
Table 19.20-1. Type of Signs Permitted
SIGN TYPE
ZONING DISTRICTS
AG, FW, RT, Rural-10/5, R/ELDP-40
RS
SR
R-1
R-2
R-3
B-1
B-2
SCC
LCC
GC
HTC
M-1
M-2
MIN
On-Premises Signs (2)
Changing message center signs
Accessory to a permitted use
Not permitted
Video signs (1)
Accessory to a permitted use
Not permitted
Freestanding signs (excluding Freeway signs), subject to Sections 19.20.120 & 19.20.140, including those integrated with entry gates for identification
Accessory to a permitted use
Projecting signs, subject to Section 19.20.090.
Wall signs, subject to Section 19.20.100.
Accessory to a permitted use
Not permitted
Accessory to a permitted use
Freeway signs, subject to Section 19.20.150
Not permitted
Accessory to a permitted use
Not permitted
Off-Premises Signs (2)
Directional signs & Kiosks, subject to Section 19.20.130
Type 2
Not permitted
Type 2
Type 1
Not permitted
Other, including billboards, subject to Section 19.20.130
Not permitted
Type 1
Not permitted
Notes:
(1)
Prohibited along certain roads as specified in Section 19.20.050(10).
(2)
Certain signs are prohibited by Section 19.20.050.
Table 19.20-1. Type of Signs Permitted
SIGN TYPE
ZONING DISTRICTS
AG, FW, RT, Rural-10/5, R/ELDP-40
RS
SR
R-1
R-2
R-3
B-1
B-2
SCC
LCC
GC
HTC
M-1
M-2
MIN
On-Premises Signs (2)
Changing message center signs
Accessory to a permitted use
Not permitted
Video signs (1)
Accessory to a permitted use
Not permitted
Freestanding signs (excluding Freeway signs), subject to Sections 19.20.120 & 19.20.140, including those integrated with entry gates for identification
Accessory to a permitted use
Projecting signs, subject to Section 19.20.090.
Wall signs, subject to Section 19.20.100.
Accessory to a permitted use
Not permitted
Accessory to a permitted use
Freeway signs, subject to Section 19.20.150
Not permitted
Accessory to a permitted use
Not permitted
Off-Premises Signs (2)
Directional signs & Kiosks, subject to Section 19.20.130
Type 2
Not permitted
Type 2
Type 1
Not permitted
Other, including billboards, subject to Section 19.20.130
Not permitted
Type 1
Not permitted
Notes:
(1)
Prohibited along certain roads as specified in Section 19.20.050(10).
(2)
Certain signs are prohibited by Section 19.20.050.
Table 19.20-1. Type of Signs Permitted
SIGN TYPE
ZONING DISTRICTS
AG, FW, RT, Rural-10/5, R/ELDP-40
RS
SR
R-1
R-2
R-3
B-1
B-2
SCC
LCC
GC
HTC
M-1
M-2
MIN
On-Premises Signs (2)
Changing message center signs
Accessory to a permitted use
Not permitted
Video signs (1)
Accessory to a permitted use
Not permitted
Freestanding signs (excluding Freeway signs), subject to Sections 19.20.120 & 19.20.140, including those integrated with entry gates for identification
Accessory to a permitted use
Projecting signs, subject to Section 19.20.090.
Wall signs, subject to Section 19.20.100.
Accessory to a permitted use
Not permitted
Accessory to a permitted use
Freeway signs, subject to Section 19.20.150
Not permitted
Accessory to a permitted use
Not permitted
Off-Premises Signs (2)
Directional signs & Kiosks, subject to Section 19.20.130
Type 2
Not permitted
Type 2
Type 1
Not permitted
Other, including billboards, subject to Section 19.20.130
Not permitted
Type 1
Not permitted
Notes:
(1)
Prohibited along certain roads as specified in Section 19.20.050(10).
(2)
Certain signs are prohibited by Section 19.20.050.
(Ord. 7-2013 § 1 (Exh. A) (part), 2015; Ord. 9-2019 (Exh. 3) (part), 2019)

§ 19.21.010 Legislative Intent.

This Chapter is intended:
(1) 
To consolidate and establish landscaping standards that will: promote low-impact development practices, such as bioretention, as defined in Section 19.01.070; allow landscaping to also be used to satisfy drainage needs; reduce stormwater runoff pollution, temperature, and volume; aid in energy conservation and outdoor livability by providing shade and shelter from the wind; provide for recreation and open space; maintain and increase property values; improve the overall appearance of the community to increase its marketability; and protect the character of adjacent residential zoning districts.
(2) 
To establish sitescreening standards to provide a visual buffer between uses of different intensity and between streets and structures, reduce erosion and stormwater runoff, protect property values, and eliminate potential land use conflicts by mitigating adverse impacts from dust, odor, litter, noise, glare, lights, signs, buildings or parking areas.
(Ord. 7-2013 § 1 (Exh. A) (part), 2015; Ord. 6-2017 § 2(C) (Exh. 1) (part), 2017; Ord. 9-2019 (Exh. 2) (part), 2019)

§ 19.21.020 General Provisions and Requirements.

(1) 
Sitescreening and Landscaping Plan. The site plan submitted by an applicant shall include a sitescreening and landscaping plan depicting the location, height, size, and type of all plantings and fences under the requirements of this Chapter. A development authorization issued by the Reviewing Official may condition the approval of an application to require the applicant to submit documentation prepared by a landscape architect or a landscape contractor certifying the sitescreening and landscaping plan will meet the planting and other requirements of this Chapter.
(2) 
Existing Plant Material. When an applicant wishes to retain existing plant material and a landscape architect or landscaping contractor is required by Subsection 19.21.020(1) to submit documentation, he shall include an evaluation on whether those materials are healthy and will satisfy the intent of this Chapter.
(3) 
Design Guidelines Authorized. The Administrative Official may publish sitescreening and landscaping design guidelines that include a list of Yakima County-appropriate plant species to allow for choices for sitescreening and landscaping. The guidelines may also include examples on using plant materials (regarding size, spacing, and species) to ensure quality, create the sense of entry into a building or complex, define and enliven public spaces, and provide a sense of character. The guidelines may also include examples for appropriate landscaping to mitigate adverse impacts when approving:
(a) 
Setback reductions from resource land for especially sensitive land uses (See Section 19.18.205);
(b) 
Especially sensitive land uses, other than the first dwelling to be located on a lot in AG or FW zones (See Section 19.18.205);
(c) 
Clustered lots in rural and resource areas (See Section 19.34.035);
(d) 
Special exception lots (See Section 19.11.010(3)(c)(v)); and
(e) 
Concentrated animal feeding operations.
(4) 
Time of Completion. All sitescreening and landscaping, including irrigation systems needed to maintain the plantings, shall be installed prior to occupancy or commencement of use. Where compliance with this requirement is not possible because of bona fide seasonal planting limitations, the applicant may request a time extension under YCC Section 16B.07.050. However, no permanent Certificate of Occupancy shall be issued until all required sitescreening and landscaping is completed for each phase of a project.
(5) 
Retention and Maintenance. All sitescreening and landscaping shall be maintained in accordance with this Chapter. It is the property owner's obligation and responsibility to maintain the approved sitescreening and landscaping. If the sitescreening and/or landscaping deteriorates or is not maintained in a condition consistent with plan approval, the County may require necessary maintenance to be performed and assess the costs to the property owner. These costs shall constitute a lien on the property, from the date of filing a notice of lien with the County Auditor. The lien shall state the legal description of the property, the costs assessed, and be applied in the manner provided by County code and State law. Such lien may be foreclosed by the County in the manner provided by law.
(Ord. 7-2013 § 1 (Exh. A) (part), 2015; Ord. 6-2017 § 2(C) (Exh. 1) (part), 2017; Ord. 9-2019 (Exh. 2) (part), 2019)

§ 19.21.030 Specific Requirements.

(1) 
Sitescreening and Landscaping Required – Exceptions. Any proposed new use, including any outdoor storage area, shall provide maintained landscape planting and sitescreening under this Chapter to accomplish the legislative intent stated in Section 19.21.010. This requirement does not apply to:
(a) 
single-family homes and duplexes on individual lots and their accessory uses,
(b) 
home businesses,
(c) 
accessory dwellings,
(d) 
changes of use within multiple-use complexes,
(e) 
Type 1 uses generally not subject to project review under Section 19.30.030(1)(d), and
(f) 
modifications to existing uses being reviewed under Section 19.35.030.
In addition, when approving long subdivisions the Reviewing Official may require appropriate perimeter sitescreening and a property owners association or other entity for its perpetual maintenance.
(2) 
Standards. Sites shall be planted under the following standards:
(a) 
Sitescreen and Landscape Planting* Types.
(*Note: See Subsection 19.21.030(2)(h) for plant selection guidelines.)
(i) 
Standard A (Open Area Landscaping with Trees). Standard A plantings shall include shrubs and/or groundcover plants, and/or xeriscape that will achieve a height of no more than three feet. In addition, trees** shall be included throughout the planting area and be spaced no more than 30 feet apart on center.
(**Note: See Subsection 19.21.030(2)(i) for tree standards.)
(ii) 
Standard B (Low Buffer). Standard B plantings shall provide a continuous screen that will achieve and maintain a three to four-foot height within three years of project completion so as to buffer views into and out of the site; provided that the plants shall be evergreen when adjacent to parking areas to block headlights. Groundcovers shall be included as necessary to fill in the planting area.
(iii) 
Standard C (Visual Screen). Standard C shall consist of at least one of the alternatives below as proposed by the applicant:
C-1: A minimum six-foot high, site obscuring fence made of wood, masonry block, concrete or vinyl material. Fencing shall be of uniform aesthetic appearance on both sides;
C-2: A planting strip to provide a continuous screen at least six feet high within three years of project completion that will ensure privacy and screen views such as, but not limited to, area lighting, headlights, traffic, and service areas;
C-3: A planting strip of trees that will be selected and spaced to provide a continuous canopy of touching branches that will grow to at least ten feet high within ten years of project completion.
(b) 
Property Perimeters along Street Frontages.
(i) 
The type of plantings specified below shall be provided inside the property lines that abut public roads:
(A) 
Along the street frontage of properties zoned RS, RT, SR, R-1, R-2, and R-3: a minimum six-foot wide planting area of Standard A (Open Area Landscaping with Trees) is required. If a fence is provided, landscaping must be placed on the exterior (street side) of the fence.
(B) 
Along the street frontage of properties zoned B-1, B-2, SCC, LCC, HTC, GC, M-1, and M-2, except where buildings are built with no setback from the property line: a minimum three-foot wide planting area of Standard B (Low Buffer) is required.
(ii) 
Fences and landscaping shall comply with the vision clearance triangle standards of Subsection 19.10.040(7). However, where the applicant elects to provide plantings within all vision clearance triangles on the property and within the rights-of-way adjacent to all clear view triangles, an increase of ten percentage points in the maximum impervious surface limit shall be granted by the Administrative Official; provided, that the plantings in the public rights-of-way are acceptable to the County Engineer.
(c) 
Property Perimeters Not along Street Frontages. Planting strips as specified by Table 19.21-1 shall be provided along all property lines that abut other parcels, except where adjacent to railroads or where buildings are lawfully built with no setback from the property line. The type of planting in this strip varies depending upon the zone designation of the properties sharing the property line (with or without an intervening alley) as indicated in Table 19.21-1. The owners of adjacent properties may enter into a written agreement to consolidate their perimeter plantings along shared boundaries. Therefore, instead of each property providing a separate planting strip, they together could provide one planting strip, so long as the required planting type and width, as indicated in the table, is provided. The agreement shall be recorded and enforceable on both parties under Section 19.21.020(5).
(d) 
Landscaping in Other Areas of Sites. All other developed portions of the development project area located within a zone shown in Table 19.21-1 not covered by structures, hard surfaces, or other prescribed plantings shall be planted in Standard A (Open Area Landscaping with Trees); provided, that the total maximum required sitescreening and landscaping is fifteen percent of the development project area. For projects with multiple phases, this requirement applies to the area of each phase when it is developed.
Table 19.21-1. Required Planting Standards for Property Perimeters that are Not along Street Frontages
Legend:
Standard A (Open Area Landscaping with Trees), at least 10 feet wide.
Standard B (Low Buffer), at least 3 feet wide.
Standard C (Visual Screen), at least 3 feet wide.
(Refer to Section 19.21.030(2)(a) for descriptions)
ZONE OF PROPERTY PROPOSED FOR DEVELOPMENT
ZONE OF ADJACENT PROPERTY
RT
RS
SR
R-1
R-2
R-3
B-1
B-2
SCC
LCC
HTC
GC
M-1
M-2
RT
B
C
C
B
B
B
B
RS, SR, R-1 & R-2
C
C
C
B
B
B
B
R-3
B
B
A
B
B
C
C
B-1
B
B
B
A
B
B
B
B-2
B
C
B
B
A
A
B
SCC, LCC & HTC
C
C
C
B
A
A
A
GC
C
C
C
B
B
A
A
M-1
C
C
C
C
B
B
B
M-2
C
C
C
C
C
B
B
(e) 
Landscaping of Parking Lots.
(i) 
Parking lots within Urban Growth Areas, RS, HTC, and RT zones shall be landscaped a minimum of ten percent of the total area used for parking spaces and maneuvering to and from those spaces. This landscaping area may be included to satisfy the lot coverage (impermeable surface) requirements.
(ii) 
A standard of one shade tree from an approved list in the landscaping guidelines authorized by Section 19.21.020(3), or as approved by the Reviewing Official, shall be planted for every 14 parking stalls within Urban Growth Areas, RS, HTC, and RT zones. Such shade trees shall be provided in-between parking stalls such that no more than 14 continuous single-row parking stalls or 28 continuous double-row parking stalls will exist within the parking lot.
(iii) 
Landscaping shall consist of combinations of trees, shrubs, and groundcover with careful consideration to eventual size and spread, susceptibility to disease and pests, durability, and adaptability to existing soil and climatic conditions.
(iv) 
Landscaping shall be located within the parking area, such as in-between parking spaces or in parking "islands," or around the perimeter of the parking lot.
(v) 
Parking lots are subject to the perimeter landscaping standards listed in Subsections 19.21.030(2)(b) and 19.21.030(2)(c). However, for each additional shade tree provided within the parking area that exceeds the minimum number of shade trees required by Subsection (ii) above, the required number of perimeter trees shall be reduced by 1.5 trees, rounded down to the next whole number.
(vi) 
Every parking lot that abuts property zoned R-1, R-2, R-3, RS or RT and serves a Type 2 use, a Type 3 use, a commercial use, or an industrial use shall be separated from such property by a solid wall, or view-obscuring fence, or landscaped berm at least six feet in height, or landscaped with a 3-foot width of Standard C sitescreening. The Reviewing Official may increase the height, depth and content of said screening, fencing and/or landscaping as necessary to adequately protect adjacent single-family residential development. The screening shall be provided and maintained along the property line of such lot. Ingress and egress locations shall meet the vision clearance triangle standards of Subsection 19.10.040(7).
(f) 
Sitescreening for Other Projects. Sitescreening may be required in all zones as a condition of approval for the projects listed below. The function of such sitescreening is to mitigate the impacts of dust, odors, noise, glare, lights, buildings, parking lots, and traffic on especially sensitive land uses. The sitescreening and landscaping design guidelines authorized by Section 19.21.020(3) may include a list of preferred species and site layout recommendations for effective sitescreening for the following project types:
(i) 
Setback reductions from resource land for especially sensitive land uses (See Section 19.18.205);
(ii) 
Especially sensitive land uses, other than the first dwelling to be located on a lot in AG or FW zones (Section 19.18.205);
(iii) 
Clustered lots in rural and resource areas (Section 19.34.035);
(iv) 
Special exception lots (Section 19.11.010(3)); and
(v) 
Concentrated animal feeding operations.
(g) 
Other Sitescreening and Landscaping Requirements. In addition to the sitescreening and landscaping requirements of this Chapter, specific requirements for the following uses are found in the following Chapters and Sections:
(i) 
Mobile/manufactured home parks (Section 19.18.280);
(ii) 
Comprehensive design plans for administratively adjusting sign standards (Section 19.35.020(7));
(iii) 
Master planned resorts (Section 19.11.050);
(iv) 
Master planned development overlays (Section 19.17.040);
(v) 
Mini-storage (Section 19.18.320); and
(vi) 
Parking and Loading (Chapter 19.22).
(h) 
Plant Selection. Plantings may consist of a mix of evergreen and deciduous species including living trees, shrubs (including arborvitae), and ground-only covers interspersed with accents such as, but not limited to, grass, bark, gravel, river rock, red rock, shale, and basalt. The applicant is encouraged to utilize plant materials that complement the natural character of the Yakima region and that are adaptable to the climatic, topographic and hydrologic characteristics of the site, including xeriscape and native plants. In selecting species, the applicant is encouraged to utilize plant materials that reduce or eliminate the need for fertilizers, herbicides, or other chemical controls.
(i) 
Trees.
(i) 
Deciduous trees shall meet the most recent American National Standards Institute (ANSI) standards for a one and one-half-inch caliper tree at the time of planting.
(ii) 
Evergreen trees, excluding arborvitae, shall be a minimum of six feet tall at the time of planting.
(iii) 
Trees to be located in the vicinity of overhead power lines shall be limited to a mature height of 25 feet to avoid conflict with utility lines and maintenance crews.
(iv) 
Trees shall be located within the landscaping plan, outside of easements for underground utilities, aside from underground utilities, and away from streetlights to avoid conflicts with their maintenance and functions.
(j) 
Location.
(i) 
All required sitescreening shall:
(A) 
Be located on the perimeter of a parcel upon which the development occurs; provided that the sitescreening does not need to be located on the portions of a parcel's perimeter that are adjacent to areas on the parcel that are not being developed; and further provided that the sitescreening may be located along the perimeter of the development project area when the proposed development will occupy only a portion of a large parcel;
(B) 
Extend from lot line to lot line unless conforming to the provisions in Subsection A above or a natural physical feature, such as a stream or steep slope, makes this impractical;
(C) 
Not interfere with sight distances and pedestrian and traffic safety; and
(D) 
Be located within the property boundaries of the site and not on any portion of a public or private street, dedicated right-of-way, access easement, except as provided in Section 19.21.030(2)(b)(ii).
(ii) 
All required landscaping shall:
(A) 
Be dispersed strategically throughout the site, including within tree wells, along the foundations of buildings, and along the perimeter of the site;
(B) 
Be integrated with sitescreening as appropriate;
(C) 
Not interfere with sight distances and pedestrian and traffic safety; and
(D) 
Be located within the property boundaries of the site and not on any portion of a public or private street, dedicated right-of-way, access easement, except as provided in Section 19.21.030(2)(b)(ii).
(Ord. 7-2013 § 1 (Exh. A) (part), 2015; Ord. 6-2017 § 2(C) (Exh. 1) (part), 2017; Ord. 9-2019 (Exh. 2) (part), 2019)

§ 19.22.010 Legislative Intent.

The following parking standards are intended to establish adequate off-street parking, reduce on-street parking, increase traffic safety, maintain smooth traffic flow, and reduce the visual impact of parking lots and:
(1) 
Ensure parking and loading facilities are installed prior to occupancy;
(2) 
Ensure parking facilities are designed for pedestrian access and safety;
(3) 
Help reduce the amount of impervious surfaces by allowing individual parking facilities to be shared by multiple land uses;
(4) 
Ensure illuminated parking facilities are designed to avoid spillover of light and glare to motor vehicles and nearby residential land uses; and
(5) 
Ensure loading facilities are adequately designed to accommodate their associated land uses.
(Ord. 7-2013 § 1 (Exh. A) (part), 2015; Ord. 6-2017 § 2(C) (Exh. 1) (part), 2017)

§ 19.22.020 Applicability.

No off-street parking or loading spaces shall be placed, constructed, located, relocated or modified after adoption of this Title without first receiving a development permit from the Reviewing Official. All vehicle storage, off-street parking and loading spaces which themselves are not a principal use are accessory uses and shall be subject to the same procedures and review requirements as the principal use. All off-street parking and vehicle storage shall be in conformance with this Chapter.
(Ord. 7-2013 § 1 (Exh. A) (part), 2015; Ord. 6-2017 § 2(C) (Exh. 1) (part), 2017)

§ 19.22.030 Timing.

All parking and loading required by this Title shall be installed prior to occupancy or commencement of use. Where compliance with this requirement is not possible, the Reviewing Official may grant an appropriate delay under YCC Section 16B.07.050(2).
(Ord. 7-2013 § 1 (Exh. A) (part), 2015; Ord. 6-2017 § 2(C) (Exh. 1) (part), 2017)

§ 19.22.040 General Provisions.

(1) 
The off-street parking and loading facilities required by this Section shall be established prior to any change in the use of land or structures and/or prior to the occupancy of any new or enlarged structure.
(2) 
Required off-street parking spaces shall provide vehicle parking only for residents, customers, patrons, and employees. Required parking during business hours shall not be used for the storage of vehicles or materials, the parking of company or business vehicles used in conducting the business, or for the sale, repair or servicing of any vehicle.
(3) 
Any area once designated for required off-street parking shall not be used for any other purpose unless and until equal facilities are provided elsewhere and a site plan has been approved to reflect the change, or the primary use of the property is changed to a use requiring less off-street parking.
(4) 
The required front yard in the R-3 district shall not be used for off-street parking for five or more cars unless the three foot strip nearest the front property line is landscaped and a two foot high concrete, masonry, or decorative block wall, or wood fence, or a Standard C solid landscaping screen is provided. See Chapter 19.21.
(5) 
Nonconforming Parking.
(a) 
Any use on the effective date of this Section or any amendments hereto, is nonconforming in terms of required off-street parking facilities may continue in the same manner as if it was conforming; however, the number of existing off-street parking spaces shall not be reduced.
(b) 
When an existing structure with nonconforming parking is expanded and additional parking is required, the additional parking spaces shall be in accordance with this Chapter; however, the number of additional spaces shall be computed only to the extent of the enlargement, whether or not the number of previously existing spaces satisfies the requirements of this Chapter.
(c) 
When the use of an existing lot or structure with nonconforming parking is changed to another use listed in the applicable zoning district land use table, the nonconformity shall cease and the new use shall provide all the required off-street parking under this Chapter. However, this requirement may be waived or reduced by the Reviewing Official for existing buildings and/or lots containing insufficient area to provide parking, provided the following factors are considered:
(i) 
New use has similar parking requirements to the previously approved use;
(ii) 
The availability of on-street parking; and
(iii) 
The availability of nearby off-street parking or other opportunities to conform to the parking standard such as a shared parking agreement.
(Ord. 7-2013 § 1 (Exh. A) (part), 2015; Ord. 6-2017 § 2(C) (Exh. 1) (part), 2017)

§ 19.22.050 Calculation of Parking Standards.

A site plan for every new or enlarged off-street parking lot or motor vehicle sales area shall be approved by the Reviewing Official prior to construction. The site plan shall show the proposed development, locations, size, shape and design of the parking spaces, parking circulation plan, curb cuts, lighting, landscaping, irrigation and other features of the proposed parking lot. The site plan shall be filed under Chapter 19.30.
(1) 
Table of Required Off-Street Parking. The parking standards in Table 19.22-1, Table of Off-Street Parking Standards are established as the parking standards for the uses indicated. These parking requirements are based on gross floor area. Gross floor area means the total square footage of all floors in a structure as measured from the interior surface of each exterior wall of the structure and including halls, lobbies, enclosed porches and fully enclosed recreation areas and balconies, but excluding stairways, elevator shafts, attic space, mechanical rooms, restrooms, uncovered steps and fire escapes, private garages, carports, and off-street parking and loading spaces. Storage areas are included in gross floor area. However, the required off-street parking for storage areas shall be calculated at the rate of one space per 500 square feet rather than the specific parking standard established in Table 19.22-2, except when the parking standard for the principal use would require fewer parking spaces (i.e., one space per 600 square feet). All required off-street parking shall be subject to the procedures of this Code and the standards of this Section.
(2) 
Land Uses Not Listed in Table 19.22-1. The Reviewing Official can make a determination to evaluate a proposed land use based closely on similar land uses listed in Table 19.22-1. If there is none the Reviewing Official will reference the Recommended Parking Ratio Requirements developed by the Institute of Transportation Engineers (ITE). The applicant can provide at time of application an alternative parking standard for consideration from an industry standard reference, such as ITE. The Reviewing Official will make a determination on the appropriate standard to use based on the context of local conditions, parking requirements, and other factors that may affect the actual number of parking and off-street loading spaces needed.
(3) 
Mixed Uses. When different uses occupy a single structure or lot, the total required parking spaces shall be the sum of the requirements of the individual uses.
(4) 
Shared Uses.
(a) 
Owners of two or more uses, structures, or parcels of land within 300 feet of each other may share the same parking or loading area when the hours of operation do not overlap.
(b) 
The owners of two or more uses, structures, or parcels within 300 feet of each other may also share facilities concurrently; however, the total parking requirements shall be the sum of the requirements for each individual use.
(c) 
Whenever shared parking is allowed under this Section, the parking lot shall be signed to reasonably notify the public of the availability of use, and spaces shall not be assigned, allocated or reserved between uses.
(d) 
A parking easement approved by the Reviewing Official shall be filed with the County Auditor whenever two or more uses located on separate lots propose to share off-street parking facilities.
(5) 
Tandem Parking. Parking spaces in tandem, one car behind the other, having a single means of ingress and egress, shall not be counted as two off-street parking spaces to fulfill the requirements of this Chapter; except that, each tandem space for single-family dwellings shall be counted as a required parking space.
(6) 
Compact Car Parking. For parking areas with 20 or more required parking spaces, up to 15% of the required number of off-street parking spaces may be designed for compact car parking. Compact spaces shall be no less than eight feet by seventeen feet and each space must be labeled individually with a durable pavement marking "COMPACT."
(7) 
Handicapped Parking. All parking areas shall comply with applicable local, state and federal standards regarding accessible parking for disabled persons.
(Ord. 7-2013 § 1 (Exh. A) (part), 2015; Ord. 6-2017 § 2(C) (Exh. 1) (part), 2017)

§ 19.22.060 Location and Design of Parking and Loading Facilities.

(1) 
Off-Street Parking Facilities Location. Off-street parking facilities shall be located according to the following:
(a) 
Residences. For single-family and two-family dwellings, parking facilities shall be located on the same lot or building site as the buildings they are required to serve.
(b) 
Health Care Facilities. For hospitals, convalescent, nursing or rest homes, parking facilities shall be located not more than 150 feet from the buildings they are required to serve, unless they are part of an approved Master Plan or Campus Plan.
(c) 
Other Uses. For uses other than those specified above, parking facilities shall not be located over 300 feet from the buildings they are required to serve, unless they are part of an approved Master Plan or Campus Plan.
(d) 
Right-of-Way. Groups of three or more parking spaces shall be served by a driveway so no vehicular backing or maneuvering movement will occur within a public right-of-way other than an alley.
(e) 
No parking lot or driveway serving a nonresidential use in a resource, commercial or industrial zoning district shall be located in a residential zoning district.
(2) 
Off-Street Parking Facilities Design Standards. Off-street parking facilities shall be designed under Table 19.22-3.
(3) 
Off-Street Loading Locations. Off-street loading and unloading spaces and parking for truck queuing shall be required for any commercial, industrial and public utility building, restaurant, office building, overnight lodging facility, hospital, institution, school, college, public building, recreation or entertainment facility, and any similar use requiring loading or unloading from trucks or other large vehicles. The off-street parking and loading spaces/berths required by this Chapter are based on minimum numbers and design guidelines published by the Institute of Transportation Engineers in the latest editions of Transportation and Land Development and Traffic Engineering Handbook.
(a) 
Loading Space Location. Required off-street loading and related maneuvering space shall be located only on the property served. No part of any vehicle using the loading space shall project into the right-of-way of any public or private road.
(b) 
Off-Street Loading Design Standards.
(i) 
Minimum Dimensions. Off-street loading space/berth requirements in Table 19.22-4 are based on minimum numbers and design guidelines published by the Institute of Transportation Engineers in the latest editions of Transportation and Land Development and Traffic Engineering Handbook. All required loading spaces/berths shall meet the minimum dimensional standards shown in Table 19.22-4. Where the vehicles used for loading and unloading exceed these dimensions, the required length of these berths shall be increased.
(ii) 
Maneuvering Space. In addition to the length of the loading space/berth, additional maneuvering space may be required by the Reviewing Official for uses with loading space/berth access from a collector arterial or local access street, especially if located across the street from another high-demand use. When required, maneuvering space shall be designed and arranged to allow the most efficient use of all required loading spaces/berths by motor vehicles of the types typically employed by the activities served. The minimum maneuvering width between the outermost point of the loading berth and the limit of the maneuvering area shall be 50 feet.
(iii) 
Location. Loading spaces shall be located so that trucks shall not obstruct pedestrian or vehicle traffic movement or project into any public right-of-way. All loading space areas shall be separated from parking areas and shall be designated as truck loading spaces.
(iv) 
Sitescreening. Loading spaces/berths on the perimeter of the site shall be screened under Chapter 19.21. If the adjoining property is within an industrial or commercial district and contains similar uses that are compatible with loading facilities then this standards may not be required. Any loading space that abuts areas zoned for residential use shall be screened, as set forth in Chapter 19.21 and operated as necessary to reduce noise and visual impacts. Noise mitigation measures may include architectural or structural barriers, beams, walls, or restrictions on the hours of operation.
(v) 
Reduction of Requirements. The Reviewing Official may reduce the number or size of required loading spaces to less than that required as part of site plan review or other application through Chapter 19.35, if the Reviewing Official finds that a lesser number or size of loading spaces will be adequate to serve the expected needs of the development. The Reviewing Official shall consult Transportation and Land Development and Traffic Engineering Handbook in making this determination.
(Ord. 7-2013 § 1 (Exh. A) (part), 2015; Ord. 6-2017 § 2(C) (Exh. 1) (part), 2017)

§ 19.22.070 Construction and Maintenance.

All off-street parking lots, driveways, travel ways, parking aisles, vehicle storage and vehicle sales lots having a capacity of three or more vehicles, shall be constructed in the following manner:
(1) 
Surfacing. All parking and loading spaces and related access drives, maneuvering, and vehicle storage areas shall be built to standards approved by the Reviewing Official as follows:
(a) 
Urban Standards.
(i) 
Parking facilities within Urban Growth Areas, Rural Settlements, Highway/Tourist Commercial, and Rural Transitional Areas shall be paved with two inches thick asphaltic surfacing on an aggregate base, or an equivalent surfacing acceptable to the Reviewing Official, to eliminate dust and/or mud.
(ii) 
The Reviewing Official may consider using alternative surfacing materials, such as gravel, for portions of parking facilities primarily used by heavy equipment where maintenance and repair of paved surfaces would be located.
(b) 
Rural Standards. Parking facilities within all other rural zones shall be surfaced with a minimum of screened gravel or crushed rock, or better, except that the Reviewing Official may require paving and/or landscaping of the parking facility when necessary to protect the public health or safety.
(2) 
Grading and Drainage. Parking areas shall be graded and drained so all surface water is disposed of on-site. Grading and drainage facilities shall be designed according to accepted engineering standards, YCC Title 12.10 and the Stormwater Management Manual for Eastern Washington, which will require review by the Public Services Director or designee.
(3) 
Wheel Stops and Curbs.
(a) 
The front of a parking space with a curb that is improved with groundcover landscape material, instead of asphalt or concrete pavement; may be counted toward landscape or open space area requirements.
(b) 
The perimeter of a parking or loading area and access and maneuvering drives associated with them shall be improved with a curb, rail or equivalent so vehicles do not extend over a property line, sidewalk or public or private street.
(4) 
Markings. All paved parking spaces (except motor vehicle sales areas) shall be marked by durable painted lines at least four inches wide and extending the length of the stall or by curbs or other means approved by the Reviewing Official to indicate individual parking stalls. Signs or markers located on the parking lot surface shall be used as necessary to ensure safe and efficient use of the parking lot. All accessible parking spaces shall be marked and signed in compliance with the currently adopted International Building Code. Wheel stops may be required by the Administrative Official as needed on graveled surfaces to designate spaces in parking and loading areas.
(5) 
Lighting. Lighting shall be provided to illuminate any off-street parking or loading space used at night. When provided, lighting shall be directed to reflect away from adjacent and abutting properties and comply with Subsection 19.10.040(10). Parking lots adjacent to residential districts or uses shall be designed with down-shielding and luminaries creating no lighting pollution upon those properties. A Photometric Lighting Plan may be required if the parking lot is located adjacent or abutting residential properties. Further requirements and restriction are required when the property is located within the Airport Safety Overlay District. See Chapter 19.17.
(6) 
Landscaping of Parking Areas. Parking facilities must be landscaped under the standards listed in Chapter 19.21.
(7) 
Maintenance. The owner or lessee of a required parking area shall maintain the paved surface, drainage facilities, landscaping and irrigation facilities in conformance with the standards of this Chapter and the approved site plan.
(Ord. 7-2013 § 1 (Exh. A) (part), 2015; Ord. 6-2017 § 2(C) (Exh. 1) (part), 2017)

§ 19.22.080 Access and Circulation Standards.

(1) 
Applicability. This Section applies to new development that includes parking or loading areas or vehicle, bicycle or pedestrian circulation, including changes to access and circulation of existing development.
(2) 
Vehicle Access and Circulation Generally.
(a) 
Availability. Access and circulation required for a proposed use or development shall be improved to the standards in this Section before the County issues an occupancy permit or final inspection for the use or development in question.
(b) 
Joint Access. The Reviewing Official may authorize joint access by two or more uses if:
(i) 
The Reviewing Official finds the access will comply with other applicable access and circulation standards of the ULDC; and
(ii) 
Before the County issues a building permit for the use or development on one lot served by the shared access on another lot, the applicant shall submit to the County cross-easements or equivalent agreements executed by the owners of the affected properties and filed permanently in County records with deeds to the properties authorizing use of the properties for the proposed shared access.
(c) 
Access Consistency. Access and circulation drives shall comply with the applicable locational standards of Chapter 19.23, and shall be wide enough to safely accommodate the traffic that will use it consistent with standards approved by the County Engineer. Each parking and loading space shall have access from a street by means of such a drive.
(d) 
Loading Area Exiting. Except for single-family and duplex dwellings, drivers entering or exiting all loading spaces without backing or maneuvering in a public street other than an alley.
(3) 
Pedestrian Circulation. Pedestrian circulation through the parking lot shall be provided consistent with the following:
(a) 
Interior Connectivity. Pedestrian circulation routes shall connect structures and uses on the site, such as buildings, vehicle and bicycle parking areas, children's play areas, required outdoor areas, open spaces, plazas, resting areas and viewpoints.
(b) 
Surfacing. Required pedestrian circulation routes shall be improved with asphalt, concrete or other approved all-weather surface; provided, pedestrian circulation routes through recreational or open space areas may be improved with a material consistent with their purpose and the characteristics of their location.
(c) 
Connectivity Outside Development. The developer shall extend pedestrian circulation routes to sidewalks and transit stops along streets abutting the site, to pedestrian facilities that extend to the edge of the site from off-site, and to the edge of the site in the direction of existing, approved or proposed off-site pedestrian and transit facilities.
(d) 
Design. The pedestrian circulation system shall be designed to minimize the distance a pedestrian must walk between typical origins and destinations on and off the site, including transit stops, public sidewalks and building entrances. Circuitous routes should be avoided except for an appropriate purpose given the use or setting.
(e) 
Pedestrian and Bicycle Crossings. Where pedestrian or bicycle routes cross access, maneuvering, parking or loading areas, the crossing must be identified by using striping, elevation changes, speed bumps, a different paving material and/or other methods that effectively alerts drivers, pedestrians and cyclists of the location and nature of the crossing. When striping is used it must be continuously maintained in perpetuity in an effective manner by the property owner.
(f) 
Separation from Traffic. Where a pedestrian or bicycle route is parallel and adjoining an auto travel lane, the pedestrian or bicycle route must be safely separated from the auto travel lane by using a raised path, a raised curb, bollards, landscaping or other physical barrier.
(4) 
Access Standards for Drive-In, Drive-Up and Drive-Through Uses.
(a) 
All uses providing drive-in, drive-up and drive-through services shall provide on-site queuing spaces for in-bound vehicles. The queuing space required for uses supplying multiple service terminals or windows in Table 19.22-1 is based on minimum guidelines published by the Institute of Transportation Engineers in the latest editions of the Traffic Engineering Handbook and Transportation and Land Development.
(b) 
A vehicle queuing space shall be 18 feet long and eight feet wide and shall not be used for backing and maneuvering space for parking or other purposes.
Table 19.22-1. Minimum Queuing Spaces for Drive-Up, Drive-In and Drive-Through Services
Use
Requirement
Drive-through bank or pharmacy
5 spaces/service terminal
Drive-through restaurant including latte stands
10 spaces/service window – 5 spaces/for restaurants with two queuing windows
Gasoline service stations
3 spaces/pump
Mechanical car washes
3 spaces/washing unit
Table 19.22-2. Off-Street Parking Standards
LAND USE
MINIMUM NUMBER OF PARKING SPACES
A.
Residential.
1.
Accessory Dwelling Unit
1 space
2.
Single-family, Two-family and Multifamily, and caretaker dwellings
2 spaces/dwelling unit. Single-family and Two-family parking may be tandem.
3.
Bed and breakfast inn
1 space/each guest room, plus 2 for the facility
4.
Residential care facility
1 space/7 residents served under age of 12
1 space/5 residents served ages 12 – 17
1 space/4 residents served ages 18 years or older
5.
Assisted living facilities
1 space/each 3 units
B.
Retail Sales and Related Services.
1.
Commercial retail, except stores selling bulky merchandise
1 space/350 square feet of floor area
2.
Retail stores and outlets selling furniture, automobiles or other bulky merchandise where the operator can show the bulky merchandise occupies the major area of the building
1 space/600 square feet of floor area
3.
Eating or drinking establishments
1 space/250 square feet of floor area
4.
Automobile sales, retail nurseries, and other open sales and rental yards
(a) Properties with less than 10,000 square feet of open sales or rental area shall provide one space for each 1,000 square feet of gross floor area, plus one space for each 2,500 square feet of open sales or rental area.
(b) Properties with 10,000 square feet or more of open sales or rental area shall provide one space for each 1,000 square feet of gross floor area, plus four spaces, plus one space for each 10,000 square feet of open sales or rental area in excess of 10,000 square feet.
C.
Services.
1.
Service or repair shops
1 space/750 square feet of floor area
2.
Bank, office (except medical and dental)
1 space/400 square feet of floor area
3.
Medical and dental office or clinic
1 space/200 square feet of floor area
4.
Mortuaries
1 space/6 seats, or 12 feet of bench length
5.
Stadium, Arena, Theater, Race Tracks
1 space/3 seats, or 8 feet of bench length
6.
Bowling alley
5 spaces/lane
7.
Health and fitness club
1 space/200 square feet of general floor area; 1 space/500 square feet for racquet, tennis or similar court floor area
8.
Roller and/or ice skating rink
1 space for each 150 sq. ft. of skating surface area
9.
Swimming pools
1 space for each 50 sq. ft. of water surface area
10.
RV Parks/Campgrounds
1 space for each RV/campsite
11.
Overnight lodging facility or boarding/lodging house
1 space/bedroom
12.
Clubs/lodges
Spaces to meet the combined requirements of the uses being conducted, such as hotel, restaurant, auditorium
13.
Church or other similar place of worship or religious practice
1 space/4 seats, or 8 feet of bench length in the main auditorium. Additional parking for meeting rooms, classrooms and office use may be required.
14.
Library, reading room, museum, art gallery
1 space/400 square feet of floor area
15.
Preschool, nursery, kindergarten, family day care center or commercial day care center
2 spaces/employee
16.
Elementary or middle school
1 space/4 seats, or 8 feet of bench length in auditorium or assembly room, whichever is greater
17.
High school
1 space/employee, plus 1 space/each 6 students, or 1 space/4 seats, or 8 feet of bench length in the auditorium, whichever is greater
18.
College, commercial school for adults
1 space/3 seats in classroom
19.
Other auditoriums, meeting rooms
1 space/4 seats, or 8 feet of bench length
20.
Welfare or correctional institutions
1 space/3 beds for patients or inmates
21.
Convalescent or nursing home
1 space/3 beds for patients or residents
22.
Health care facilities
2 spaces/bed
D.
Manufacturing and Wholesale Trade.
1.
Agriculturally related industries and wholesale trade warehouses
One or more of the following as determined to be most appropriate by the Reviewing Official:
(1) 1 space for each employee based on the maximum working at any given shift; or
(2) 1 space for each 300 square foot of gross floor area for packing and processing areas; or
(3) 2 spaces for the first 1,000 sq. ft. of gross floor area, plus 1 space for each additional 5,000 sq. ft. for CA storage, warehouse, and refrigeration areas.
2.
Except as specifically mentioned herein, industrial uses listed as permitted in the M-1 and M-2 zones
1 space/500 square feet
3.
Storage warehouse, wholesale establishment, rail or trucking freight terminal
1 space/1,500 square feet of floor area
4.
Laboratories and research facilities
1 space/600 square feet of floor area
E.
Transportation, Storage and Utilities.
1.
Bus terminals, storage and maintenance facilities
1 space for each 300 sq. ft. of gross floor area
2.
Air, rail and truck terminal
1 space for each 300 sq. ft. of gross floor area
3.
Taxicab terminals, maintenance and dispatching centers
1 space for each 300 sq. ft. of gross floor area
4.
Utility services
1 space for each 800 sq. ft. of gross floor area
5.
Mini-storage
1 space for each 300 sq. ft. of gross floor area of office space
Note: For land uses not listed in this table, see Subsection 19.22.050(2).
How to Use Table 19.22-2 Off-Street Parking Standards:
1.
Calculate gross floor area for the structure. (See Subsection 19.22.050(1) to determine gross floor area).
2.
Determine the amount of gross floor area used for storage rooms.
3.
Required off-street parking for storage is one space per 500 square feet.
4.
Find the proposed use in Table 19.22-2.
Example:
-
The gross floor area of the structure is 3,000 sq. ft. 1,000 sq. ft. of the structure is used for storage. The parking standard for storage rooms is one space per 500 sq. ft. (Subsection 19.22.050(1)).
-
1,000 divided by 500 = 2 off-street parking spaces for the storage area.
-
The proposed use is a bus terminal. According to Table 19.22-2, bus terminals require one off-street parking space for each 300 sq. ft. of gross floor area.
-
2,000 divided by 300 = 6.6 or seven spaces since fractions of parking spaces are rounded up.
-
The total required off-street parking of this use is:
2 spaces (for storage area)
+ 7 spaces (for the rest of the gross area) = 9 spaces.
Table 19.22-3. Minimum Parking Space, Aisle and Lot Dimensions
A
Angle along Curb
30°
45°
60°
90°
B
Type
Standard
Compact
Standard
Standard
Standard
Standard
C
Stall Width
9'
8'
9'
9'
9'
9'
D
Curb Length per Car
23'
18'
12' 7"
10' 4"
9'
E
Stall Depth
8'
17' 3"
19' 8"
21'
19'
F
Min. Aisle Width
12'
11'
13'
18'
24'
G
Lot Width 1 Row + 1 Aisle (2-way)
20'
28' 4"
32' 10"
39'
43'
H
Sq. Ft. per Car
460
510
420
407
387
I
Lot Width 2 Rows + 1 Driveway
28'
45' 6"
52' 5"
60'
62'
J
Sq. Ft. per Car
322
411
336
313
279
K
Lot Width 3 Rows + 2 Driveways
48'
66' 2"
79'
95'
105'
L
Sq. Ft. per Car
368
397
376
330
315
M
Lot Width 4 Rows + 2 Driveways
56'
83' 6"
98' 10"
116'
124'
N
Sq. Ft. per Car
322
376
315
305
279
1922080_1.tif
Figure 19.22-1. Minimum parking space dimensions and aisle widths.
Table 19.22-4. Loading Space Dimensions
Design Vehicle
Length in Feet (L)
Dock Angle (A)
Clearance in Feet (D)
Berth Width in Feet (W)
Apron Space in Feet (a)
Total Offset in Feet (T)
SU (Single Unit)
30
90°
30
10
60
90
12
58
88
14
56
86
60°
26
10
34
60
12
30
56
14
28
54
45°
21
10
25
46
12
21
42
14
18
39
Wheel Base-40
50
90°
50
10
63
113
12
56
106
14
52
102
60°
44
10
46
90
12
40
84
14
35
79
45°
36
10
38
73
12
32
68
14
29
65
Wheel Base-50
55
90°
55
10
77
132
12
69
124
14
63
118
60°
48
10
54
102
12
46
94
14
40
88
45°
39
10
39
78
12
34
73
14
31
79
Wheel Base-62
69
90°
69
10
89
158
12
79
148
14
69
138
60°
60
10
64
24
12
58
118
14
53
113
45°
49
10
49
98
12
47
96
14
45
9
1922080_2.tif
Figure 19.22-2. Loading space dimensions for 90-degree docks and sawtooth docks.
(Ord. 7-2013 § 1 (Exh. A) (part), 2015; Ord. 6-2017 § 2(C) (Exh. 1) (part), 2017; Ord. 6-2023 (Exhs. 1(3), 2), 2023)

§ 19.23.010 Legislative Intent.

(1) 
Generally. This Chapter establishes general requirements and development standards for public roads, private roads and private shared driveways in order to:
(a) 
Ensure that road design and road improvements are consistent with, and implement goals and policies of, the comprehensive plan and this Chapter;
(b) 
Provide safe transportation systems for all users;
(c) 
Promote a transportation system that maximizes vehicular route options, provides efficient travel for emergency vehicles, effectively carries vehicular traffic, and minimizes congestion points;
(d) 
Provide sustainable infrastructure that meets engineering standards to assure a durable, low-maintenance facility with a minimum 20 year life span;
(e) 
Provide sound engineering-based design options for public and private roads and other facilities to ensure public safety;
(f) 
Provide a transportation system consistent with community development, public safety, and natural resource protection goals and policies;
(g) 
Ensure public safety for ordinary and emergency vehicles and reduce adverse impacts to public and private property by designing transportation infrastructure to facilitate passage of and not impede or impound flood waters;
(h) 
Ensure that transportation facilities serving land development projects are public, except in limited situations where private roads and private shared driveways are allowed by this Chapter;
(i) 
Require urban design standards within Urban Growth Areas and Rural Settlements and those areas within the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) Urban Area;
(j) 
Ensure that adequate public transportation infrastructure is made available concurrent with development;
(k) 
Encourage use of and incorporate low-impact design and Context Sensitive Solutions design principles for public and private transportation facilities;
(l) 
Provide adequate front structural setbacks to accommodate future widening of arterials and collectors; and,
(m) 
Designate and protect future arterial, collector and local street corridors consistent with the adopted street grid system under this Chapter.
(2) 
Public Roads. Roads should be generally public rather than private.
(3) 
Connectivity. This Section encourages the creation of a highly connected transportation system within and between Yakima County and its cities and towns to:
(a) 
Increase efficiency of delivering transportation-related public service such as school bus service, postal delivery, etc.;
(b) 
Ensure adequate ingress and egress from multiple routes for emergency responders and occupants;
(c) 
Preserve classified collector/arterial road system capacity and minimize congestion points to better serve regional long-distance travel needs;
(d) 
Connect neighborhoods to each other and to destinations, such as schools, parks, shopping, libraries, and post offices, among others;
(e) 
Minimize vehicle miles traveled and travel time to improve air quality and mitigate the effects of auto emissions on the health of residents;
(f) 
Provide choices for drivers, bicyclists, transit users and pedestrians; and
(g) 
Provide opportunities for residents to increase their level of physical activity each day by creating walking and biking friendly neighborhoods with adequate connections to destinations.
(4) 
Private Roads. This Chapter is intended to require the use of AASHTO guidelines to protect public safety and welfare by establishing standards for private roads based on sound engineering principles and to differentiate them from public roads.
(5) 
Private Shared Driveways.
(a) 
The intent of this Chapter is to provide standards and review criteria for differentiating between private roads and private shared driveways serving four or fewer lots or units.
(b) 
It is further intended to avoid locating driveway approaches to public roads to create a hazard to pedestrians or motorists, or invite or compel illegal or unsafe traffic movements.
(c) 
The safety, quality and lifespan of the private shared driveway is assured for the long-term benefit of future property owners and occupants of the proposed development.
(Ord. 7-2013 § 1 (Exh. A) (part), 2015)

§ 19.23.020 Applicability.

This Chapter applies to all proposed developments within unincorporated Yakima County.
(Ord. 7-2013 § 1 (Exh. A) (part), 2015)

§ 19.23.030 General Requirements.

The requirements listed below apply to all public and private transportation facilities.
(1) 
Road Design. The arrangement, character, extent, width, grade and location of all roads shall be consistent with and implement Yakima County comprehensive plans and the standards of this Chapter. These road attributes shall be considered in their relation to existing and planned roads, to topographical conditions, critical areas and special flood hazard areas, to public convenience and safety, and to the proposed uses of the land to be served by such roads.
(a) 
Roads must be designed for a minimum 20 year lifespan.
(b) 
All roads shall be designed using the highest practical design speed (min. 25 miles per hour), provided that roads that may be extended should have a higher design speed.
(c) 
Design speed may be reduced based on terrain.
(d) 
The design must accommodate two-way traffic, except when authorized through a design modification under Section 19.35.040.
(2) 
Right of Way. Right-of-way adjacent to and within all development must be dedicated and improved consistent with the requirements of this Chapter.
(3) 
New Roads – Yakima Training Center. New roads shall not be closer than three hundred feet at their closest point to the Yakima Training Center perimeter as required by Comprehensive Plan policy.
(4) 
Local Access Roads. Local access roads may include curvilinear design, chicanes and other traffic calming measures to discourage their use by cut-through traffic while meeting connectivity standards under Subsection 19.23.040(3)(d).
(5) 
Separation of Through and Local Traffic. Where any development abuts or contains an existing or proposed arterial or collector road, the Reviewing Official may require reverse frontage, or such other condition determined necessary to protect residential properties and to afford separation of through and local traffic.
(6) 
Roads Adjacent to Railroads and Limited Access Highways. Where any development borders on or contains a railroad right-of-way or limited access highway right-of-way, the Reviewing Official may require a road approximately parallel to and on each side of such right-of-way to provide connectivity to the adjacent area and a buffer to mitigate for noise and/or vibrations between especially sensitive land uses and the transportation facility. The parallel required road shall be located at a distance suitable for the appropriate use of the intervening land, such as for parks in residential districts and appropriate permitted nonresidential uses in other districts. Such distances shall also be designed with due regard for the requirements of approach grades and future grade separations.
(7) 
Parallel Roads – Stormwater. The Reviewing Official may require a parallel road in connection with a stormwater easement or drainage right-of-way that separates the easement or drainage right-of-way from the developed lots.
(8) 
Design in Flood Hazard Areas. Roads in special flood hazard areas are subject to review to ensure that the design will be analyzed for flood effects and mitigation. Such roads may alternatively be constructed with the top of the finished road at existing grade where the County Engineer and Fire Marshal determine the roads are not needed for flood ingress and egress because there are safe and suitable alternative routes that meet YCC Title 13 International Fire Code requirements. Where practicable, roads should be designed to facilitate passage of and not impede flood waters.
(9) 
Roadway Submittal Requirements.
(a) 
Road Plans and Specifications. Detailed plans and specifications for proposed public and private road improvements shall be prepared by a professional engineer and submitted for approval after the preliminary plat, short plat, binding site plan or other development authorization has been approved.
(b) 
Drainage Plans. Drainage plans, where required by YCC Chapter 12.10, shall be prepared by a professional engineer.
(c) 
Road Naming. Road naming and site addressing shall be in conformance with YCC Chapter 13.26. Application may be made prior to the public hearing on the preliminary plat.
(10) 
Pedestrian and Bicycle Circulation.
(a) 
On-road bicycle facilities and sidewalks should be provided in accordance with this Chapter, the published County standard plans and the Yakima County Comprehensive Plan.
(b) 
Development shall consider the trail connections indicated in the Yakima County Trails Plan and Comprehensive Plans and seek opportunities to make non-motorized connections to other existing and planned trails.
(c) 
Trails and other facilities specified in this Section should be built to guidelines identified in the AASHTO Guide for the Planning, Design, and Operation of Pedestrian Facilities off-road and shared-use paths design standards.
(d) 
Off-road pedestrian or bicycle facilities, when located outside a public road right-of-way, shall be located within a designated tract or easement. Provisions shall be made for their perpetual maintenance and operation.
(e) 
Off-road mid-block pathways within or between development(s), if provided, should:
(i) 
Be a minimum of 8 feet wide within an easement, tract or right-of-way;
(ii) 
Be straight as possible; and
(iii) 
Provide 6 feet of clearance on both sides of the pathway in order to ensure good visibility, way finding, and surveillance, taking into consideration the guidelines found in the Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) Handbook.
(11) 
Design Modifications. The road standards of this Chapter may be modified as listed in Section 19.35.040 and Table 19.35.040-1.
(Ord. 7-2013 § 1 (Exh. A) (part), 2015)

§ 19.23.040 Public Roads.

(1) 
Required. New roads proposed as part of a development application shall be publically owned and maintained by the County or one of its cities, except as provided in Subsection 19.23.050.
(2) 
Public Road Improvements.
(a) 
New Roads. New roads shall be constructed to County public road standards adopted by resolution of the Board of Yakima County Commissioners. All road improvements shall be completed as a single project. Right-of-way for all public roads shall be dedicated to the public free from any physical or legal encumbrances. The right-of-way width shall be as established in Tables 19.23.045-1 and 19.23.045-2.
(b) 
Existing Classified Roads.
(i) 
Frontage Improvements Required. Where a proposed development is served by a nonstandard public collector or arterial classified road, the road must be improved to the current adopted County Road standards along the entire frontage of the property. Frontage improvements will be constructed concurrently with development or proportional financial contributions will be made at the time of final development approval. Proportional financial contributions will not be considered for those frontage improvements necessary for safe and efficient traffic operations upon completion of the development, as determined by the County Engineer.
(ii) 
Off-site Improvements Required. Off-site road improvements are required to mitigate impacts to the general transportation network resulting from the proposed development, that have been identified through SEPA and concurrency reviews. Off-site road improvements will be constructed concurrently with the development or proportional financial contributions will be made at time of final development approval. Proportional financial contributions will not be considered for those Off-site improvements necessary for safe and efficient traffic operations upon completion of the development, as determined by the County Engineer.
(c) 
Urban Access Roads.
(i) 
Frontage Improvements Required.
(A) 
Paved. Where a development is served by a nonstandard paved urban access road the road must be improved to the current adopted County road standard along the entire frontage of the property. A financial contribution, in lieu of frontage improvements may be proposed for consideration by the County Engineer.
(B) 
Gravel. Where a development is served by a gravel urban access road, the roadway shall be improved to the current adopted County road standards along the entire frontage of the property and to the nearest county road intersection measured along the primary travel route to the property. No design modification for surface type will be granted. Frontage improvements will not be required for the following permits: Agricultural buildings not including agriculturally related industry; single family residential or duplex; building improvements or changes of use that do not cause transportation impacts; grading; lot line adjustments; Comp. Plan amendments; Shoreline; accessory dwelling units; personal wireless services facility; and proposals for facade improvements, re-roofing or signage.
(ii) 
Off-site Improvements. Off-site improvements, other than identified in Subsection 19.23.040(2)(c)(i) will only be required if a significant deficiency affecting roadway capacity or safety has been identified by the County Engineer.
(d) 
Rural Access Roads.
(i) 
Frontage Improvements Required.
(A) 
Paved. Where a development is served by a nonstandard paved rural access road, the road must be improved to the current adopted County Road standard along the entire frontage of the property. A financial contribution, in lieu of frontage improvements may be proposed for consideration by the County Engineer. Within the RT, R-10/5, R/ELDP-40 and FW zones, and for residential or agricultural seasonal development within the AG zone, no frontage improvements will be required if the County Engineer determines that the road is adequate to serve the development.
(B) 
Gravel. Where development is served by a gravel rural access road, the roadway shall be improved to current adopted County road standards along the entire frontage of the property. A financial contribution, in lieu of frontage improvements, may be proposed for consideration by the County Engineer. No design modification for surface type will be granted. Frontage improvements will not be required for the following permits: Agricultural buildings not including agriculturally related industry; single family residential or duplex; building improvements or changes of use that do not cause transportation impacts; grading; lot line elimination, correction or modification; Comp. Plan amendments; Shoreline; accessory dwelling units; personal wireless services facility; and proposals for facade improvements, re-roofing or signage.
(ii) 
Off-site Improvements. Off-site improvements will only be required if a significant deficiency affecting roadway capacity or safety has been identified by the County Engineer.
(3) 
Connectivity.
(a) 
Relationship to Other Adopted Plans and Ordinances. New development or redevelopments shall incorporate design and evaluation of vehicular, bicycle, and pedestrian circulation systems that conform to comprehensive plans and trails plans adopted by cities, towns and Yakima County and shall meet connectivity requirements to those developments.
(b) 
General Connection Requirements. The arrangement of roads in any development shall, when applicable:
(i) 
Provide for the continuation or appropriate projection of existing roads and corridors in surrounding areas; or
(ii) 
Conform to the comprehensive plan or to a neighborhood plan adopted by the Board of County Commissioners to meet a situation where topographical or other conditions make continuance or conformance to existing classified roads impractical.
(iii) 
Provide or accommodate multiple direct connections in the local street system.
(iv) 
Be extended by the developer to and through the proposed development.
(4) 
Street Grid System. The proposed development shall provide or accommodate a street grid system according to adopted comprehensive plan and as follows:
(a) 
Within any Urban Growth Area or RS zoning district: Development shall provide a local street system connection to each property at intervals not to exceed the block lengths in Subsection 19.23.060(1)(h), and be consistent with the designated arterial and collector corridors.
(b) 
Outside Urban Growth Areas and the RS zoning district: The local street grid system shall generally follow corridors along section and half-section lines, considering terrain and other land characteristics in Subsection 19.23.030(3)(a) above, and be spaced at intervals not to exceed one-half mile along each boundary that abuts potentially developable land in zones other than the AG and FW zones.
(c) 
In all zones:
(i) 
The proposed development shall be consistent with the arterial and collector corridor or alignment designated by Yakima County on a map or in an adopted plan or comprehensive plan element, or has been identified through early assistance as necessary to provide a higher functional classification.
(ii) 
Where there is no existing road to connect to, the property owner shall, in lieu of improvements to a local street stubbed to the boundary of the development, establish an easement 60 feet in width in the location or locations specified by this Section.
(iii) 
Appropriate structural setbacks shall also be provided to ensure future development does not encroach on designated street or road corridors.
(iv) 
The developer shall also provide an irrevocable offer to dedicate said easement for road construction purposes when the municipality exercises its option to facilitate the connectivity provisions of the legislative intent of this Chapter.
(5) 
Intersections. In general intersection of a collector street with an arterial street should be provided at an interval of approximately 1,300 feet or one-quarter mile along arterial streets. An intersection of a local street with a collector street should be provided at an interval approximately 660 feet. Alternative intersection intervals may be determined by the corridors designated by adopted comprehensive plan, adopted transportation plan or the presumed street grid system outlined in Subsection (e) above. Developments must provide for any such intersection(s) that occur within their project application area.
(a) 
Centerlines of opposing roads shall be directly aligned at road intersections, or offset at least 165 feet from each other to ensure efficient intersection operation.
(b) 
Roads shall be laid out to intersect as nearly as possible at right angles and no road shall intersect any other road at less than 85 degrees.
(c) 
Proposed intersections of private roads, access easements or dedicated right-of-way with a public road shall be designed to appropriate standards as determined by the County Engineer.
(6) 
Right-of-Way. Right-of-way for public roads shall be dedicated to the public free from any physical or legal encumbrances. The right-of-way width shall be as established in Tables 19.23.040-1 and 19.23.040-2. Design modifications to this standard may only be granted under the design modification criteria of Section 19.35.040 and when drawings are submitted by a professional engineer, which substantiate, to the satisfaction of the County Engineer, that all improvements can be accommodated within the proposed reduced width.
(7) 
Half Roads. Half roads that do not include the construction of the full traveled way cross section are prohibited.
(8) 
Non-Through Roads.
(a) 
Permanent, non-through roads may only be granted by the Administrative Official if findings document that:
(i) 
There is no conflict with the connectivity standards of Subsection 19.23.030(3)(c) because through-roads in all directions meet the local street grid system intervals; or
(ii) 
The proposal meets design modification criteria of Section 19.35.040 and the connectivity modification criteria in Subsection 19.23.030(3)(g).
(b) 
In Urban Growth Areas and the Rural Settlement zoning district, permanent non-through roads, shall not be longer than 500 feet as measured from the nearest intersection of road centerlines to the farthest extent of the road surface. Design modifications of this standard to allow a length greater than 500 feet may be granted under the design modification criteria of Section 19.35.040.
(c) 
Non-through roads that meet the connectivity provisions of this Chapter shall be provided at the closed end with a turnaround in conformance with the YCC Title 13 International Fire Code. When a project is phased, each phase must be provided with turnarounds. The turnarounds shall be temporary and abandoned when the road is extended. Lots shall be configured to accommodate the future road extension.
(9) 
Road Grades. Road grades shall be determined using AASHTO guidelines in consideration of functional classification, terrain and design speed, not to exceed 12%. Grades for private roads and private, shared driveways shall comply with YCC Title 13 for fire apparatus access road requirements.
(10) 
Blocks.
(a) 
The lengths, widths and shapes of blocks shall be determined with due regard to:
(i) 
Provision of adequate building sites suitable to the type of use contemplated;
(ii) 
Needs for convenient access, circulation, control and safety of road traffic;
(iii) 
Limitations and opportunities of topography including floodplains.
(b) 
Block lengths in the local street system within the RS, SR, R-1, R-2, R-3, B-1, B-2, SCC, LCC, GC, M-1 and M-2 districts shall not exceed 1000 feet. Length shall be measured between intersections of through roads for blocks adjacent to streets or along other fixed boundaries where there are no streets. Design modifications of this standard may only be approved when the road design modification requirements of Section 19.35.040 are met and when:
(i) 
The maximum permitted increase in block length is based on the determination of the Reviewing Official of the requested road design modification; and
(ii) 
The development is restricted to residential land uses with densities of seven dwellings per acre or less.
(11) 
Signalization. The County Engineer may require signalization or limited movement at intersections where warranted by existing or future traffic volumes to coordinate land use and transportation.
(12) 
Alleys.
(a) 
Alleys or other provisions for service access shall be provided in commercial and industrial districts for off-road loading, unloading and parking, and/or fire and emergency services adequate for the uses proposed.
(b) 
Alleys may be provided in residential developments to facilitate alternative design and development styles.
(c) 
Where approved, the minimum width of an alley right-of-way in industrial or commercial areas shall be 30 feet. The minimum width of an alley right-of-way in a residential development shall be 20 feet. In both cases the width of the travel way shall not be less than ten feet.
(d) 
Alleys shall intersect with the public street at intervals consistent with the block length established for the development.
(e) 
Dead-end alleys are prohibited.
(Ord. 7-2013 § 1 (Exh. A) (part), 2015; Ord. 8-2015 § 2 (Exh. 4) (part), 2015)

§ 19.23.045 Public Road Standards.

(1) 
Urban. Public roads in Urban Growth Areas, the RS and HTC zoning districts, and areas of the RT zoning district within the Federal Highway Administration's Urban Area shall conform to adopted comprehensive plans, the standards in Table 19.23.045-1 or the standard plans approved by the County Engineer, whichever is greater.
Table 19.23.045-1. Public Urban Street Standards Summary
Street Class
Item
Urban Standard
Principal Arterial
Right of Way Width(4)
80' min.
Number of Lanes
4 or 5, determined by Plan(1)
Street surface width
determined by Plan
Lane width – exterior
14'
Lane width – interior
11'
Turn lane
11'
Sidewalks(3)
7'
Minor Arterial
Right of Way Width(4)
80' min.
Number of Lanes
3 or 4, determined by Plan
Street surface width
determined by Plan
Lane width – exterior
14'
Lane width – interior
11'
Turn lane
11'
Sidewalks(3)
7'
Collector Arterial
Right of Way Width(4)
70' min.
Number of Lanes
2, 3 or 4, determined by Plan
Street surface width
min. 35'
Lane width – exterior
12' or 14'
Lane width – interior
11'
Turn lane
11'
Sidewalks(3)
7'
Local Streets(2)
Right of Way Width(4)
60' min.
Number of Lanes
2
Street surface width (no on-street parking)
28'
Street surface width (with parking)
32'
Lane width
10' to 12'
Sidewalks(3), where required by 19.23.060(4)(b)
5'
Bike Lanes
Comprehensive plans determine if a bike lane is required. A shared lane (14' outside lane) may be appropriate in some cases. No bike lanes are required on local streets.
Multi-use Trail/Pathway
As required by AASHTO design guidelines (refer to Section 19.23.040 for pedestrian facilities outside of public right-of-way).
Notes:
(1)
Determined by Plan = To be determined by adopted comprehensive plans as defined in this Title.
(2)
Local streets in areas of the RT Zoning district that are within the Federal Highway Administration's Urban Area may conform to the modified standard for Rural Access (09) ADT < 1000 roads listed in Table 19.23.040-2.
(3)
Sidewalks located three or more feet behind the backs of curbs shall be a minimum of four feet wide for all urban roadway classifications.
(4)
Right-of-way shall be sufficient to contain the entire roadway including surface, drainage, slopes and utilities.
(a) 
Road Curbing.
(i) 
All public through roads and roads that will be through roads shall be constructed with barrier curbs. Such barrier curbs may utilize low-impact design for stormwater where approved by the County Engineer.
(ii) 
Public roads approved to be permanent, non-through roads may use low-impact design curbs constructed with either rolled mountable curbs or barrier curbs at the developer's preference.
(iii) 
The curb radii at all intersections and interior corners shall be constructed with barrier curbs from the property lines of the corner lots.
(b) 
Sidewalks and Other Pedestrian Facilities.
(i) 
Sidewalks shall be constructed as provided in Table 19.23.040-1 and this Subsection. See Section 19.23.030(10) for construction of separated pedestrian facilities.
(ii) 
All sidewalks shall be constructed to a minimum depth consistent with Yakima County road standards.
(iii) 
A note shall be placed on the final document indicating that developers shall replace all cracked or damaged sidewalks during construction of buildings and road improvements in a timely fashion at no cost to the public. The property owner is responsible for snow and ice removal, maintenance and repair of sidewalks in such fashion on local access roads.
(iv) 
Yakima County has a tiered sidewalk program for local streets:
(A) 
Sidewalks are required on both sides of a local access street, unless the entire street will never serve more than 30 lots or housing units, whichever is greater.
(B) 
Sidewalks are required on one side of streets serving up to 30 housing units or lots, based upon maximum density allowed by zoning, that have no potential to be extended under connectivity standards.
(C) 
No sidewalk if a permanent non-through street serves less than ten homes (or units).
(D) 
The location of sidewalks when only provided on one side of the street shall be on that side of the street that provides logical and continuous connections, as determined by the Reviewing Official.
(E) 
As an alternative to the above sidewalks, the County may approve a separated multi-use trail along local access streets, as provided in Section 19.23.030(10).
(c) 
Street Lighting. Street lights approved by the County Engineer shall be constructed at all intersections and at the ends of all cul-de-sacs. Additional street lights shall be constructed between intersections based on roadway classification.
(d) 
Surfacing. Hard surfacing for public streets shall be provided in Urban Growth Areas, in the RS, HTC zones and areas in the Rural Transitional zone within the designated FHWA Urban Area, as determined by standard plans approved by the County Engineer.
(2) 
Rural. Public roads outside Urban Growth Areas, outside the RS and HTC zoning districts, and areas of the RT zoning district outside the Federal Highway Administration's Urban Area shall conform to Yakima County Comprehensive Plans or the requirements in Table 19.23.040-2, whichever is greater.
Table 19.23.045-2. Public Rural Road Standards Summary
Roadway Classification
Feature
Standards
Rural Major Collector (07) ADT >2000
Rural Minor Collector (08) ADT >2000
Right-of-Way Width(4)
70' min.
Number of Lanes
2
Lane Width
12'
Shoulder Width
8' (1)
Rural Major Collector (07) ADT 1000 to 2000
Rural Minor Collector (08) ADT 1000 to 2000
Right-of-Way Width(4)
70' min.
Number of Lanes
2
Lane Width
12'
Shoulder Width
5' (1)
Rural Access (09) ADT > 1000
Right-of-Way Width(4)
60' min.
Number of Lanes
2
Lane Width
12'
Shoulder Width
5' (1)
Rural Major Collector (07) < 1000
Rural Minor Collector (08) ADT 1000 to 2000
Right-of-Way Width(4)
70' min.
Number of Lanes
2
Lane Width
11'
Shoulder Width
4' (1)
Rural Access (09) ADT < 1000
Right-of-Way Width(4)
60' min.
Number of Lanes
2
Lane Width
11' (2)
Shoulder Width
4' (1)(3)
Notes:
(1)
See Yakima County Roadway Design Standards for Shoulder Widths with Guardrail Installations.
(2)
Lane widths shall be ten feet in areas of the RT zone that are within the Federal Highway Administration's Urban Area.
(3)
Shoulder widths shall be five feet in areas of the RT zone that are within the Federal Highway Administration's Urban Area.
(4)
Right-of-way shall be sufficient to contain the entire roadway including surface, drainage, slopes and utilities.
(Ord. 7-2013 § 1 (Exh. A) (part), 2015; Ord. 8-2015 § 2 (Exh. 4) (part), 2015)

§ 19.23.050 Private Roads.

Private roads serving development, including gated communities, may only be approved when the Reviewing Official determines that all the following criteria will be met based on documentation provided by the applicant.
(1) 
There is no conflict with an existing public road or with the County's long-range road circulation plan;
(2) 
There is no conflict with the connectivity standards of Subsection 19.23.030(3);
(3) 
The proposed design sufficiently incorporates the features of Subsection 19.23.050(6)(a) such that the private road will have a significantly different appearance than a public road;
(4) 
The Administrative Official, in consultation with the County Engineer determines that the road will not, due to topographical or other physical or environmental constraints, ever have the possibility of:
(a) 
Being extended to serve adjacent development, or
(b) 
Serving 16 lots or development that generates 160 or more daily vehicle trips, unless located within an approved rural master planned resort or urban master planned development.
(5) 
The safety, quality and lifespan of the transportation facilities are assured for the long-term benefit of future property owners and occupants of the proposed development.
(6) 
Design Standards.
(a) 
Minimum Construction Standards.
(i) 
A professional engineer shall design the road, provide the specifications, engineering judgment and assumptions supporting the road design, test its construction, and certify it meets the following standards:
(A) 
All private roads shall be designed using the highest practical design speed with a minimum of 25 miles per hour.
(B) 
The private road shall accommodate two-way traffic based unless a design modification for one-way traffic is proposed and approved.
(C) 
All private roads must meet the minimum fire apparatus access road requirements of YCC Title 13.
(ii) 
The road shall meet AASHTO recommended 20 year design guidelines for development density, use and intensity that could be served by the road based on plan designation, zoning, public safety and natural hazards. In lieu of the applicant's engineer submitting a detailed analysis, the following minimums are required. The applicant's engineer will be required to certify that the project meets the minimum requirements contained in Table 19.23.050-1.
Table 19.23.050-1 Private Road Standards
Design Speed (min.)
25 miles per hour
Roadway Width
20 feet or current Fire Code (whichever is greater)
Horizontal Curve (min.)
154' radius (at 4% max. super-elevation)
Vertical Curve (crest min.)
L = 12 x (A), where L is the length of vertical curve, A = the algebraic difference in intersecting grades.
Vertical Curve (sag min.)
L = 26 x (A), where L is the length of vertical curve, A = the algebraic difference in intersecting grades.
Maximum Grades
10% or current Fire Code (whichever is least)
Stopping Sight Distance
155 feet (on level ground)
Roadway must accommodate two-way traffic
Pavement section must be designed for a 20 year lifecycle
Roadways in Urban Areas shall have pedestrian facilities, street and pedestrian lighting and drainage facilities
(iii) 
Where private roads require a crossing of an existing natural stream or drainageway, the crossing shall comply with applicable Building Codes and the Critical Areas Ordinance or Shoreline Master Program.
(iv) 
Roads in special flood hazard areas are subject to review to ensure that the design will be analyzed for flood effects and mitigation. Such roads may alternatively be constructed with the top of the finished road at existing grade where the County Engineer and Fire Marshal determine the roads are not needed for flood ingress and egress because there are safe and suitable alternative routes that meet International Fire Code requirements.
(v) 
Pedestrian facilities that meet AASHTO guidelines for a separated multi-user trail or sidewalk shall be provided from all lots and units to the nearest public road or trail in Urban Growth Areas and the Rural Settlement zoning district;
(vi) 
Drainage facilities shall be provided in accordance with YCC Chapter 12.10 to prevent any drainage onto a public roadway;
(vii) 
Easements shall be of sufficient widths to include all provided transportation improvements; and
(viii) 
Hard surfacing shall be provided in Urban Growth Areas, in the RS, HTC zones and areas in the Rural Transitional zone within the designated FHWA Urban Area, and in other locations where the Reviewing Official determines that the road will serve more than 15 lots or units or such surfacing is otherwise required, as determined through the development approval process, based on zoning and the intensity of the use.
(b) 
Other Standards, Criteria and Conditions. Private roads serving development shall comply with the following standards, criteria and conditions:
(i) 
Any existing or new private road allowed under this Chapter shall be retained permanently as a private road, located within non-exclusive access easements, and maintained privately.
(ii) 
Covenants providing for the perpetual maintenance of the private road shall be required. The covenants shall be signed by the owners, according to the records of the office of the County Auditor of property to an aggregate amount of the majority of the lineal frontage upon the improvement required and of the area within the boundaries of the properties served by the road. Said covenants shall establish a road maintenance fund and require the owners in the development to pay into such fund. Covenants shall be approved by the County. The covenants shall be recorded by the developer with a copy of the recorded document provided to the Planning Division and shall be referenced on the face of the plat, short plat or binding site plan prior to its recording.
(iii) 
Private road name signs shall be provided by the developer at the intersections of private roads with private roads and at the intersection of private roads with public roads. Such signs shall meet the specifications in the Manual on Uniformed Traffic Control Devices. Names for private roads shall be approved by the County under the Road Naming and Site Addressing Ordinance YCC Chapter 13.26.
(iv) 
The property owners shall be responsible for maintaining private roads and the signs within private roads.
(v) 
Private roads shall be open and unobstructed for use by emergency, public service and utility vehicles.
(vi) 
The face of any plat or short plat containing a private road, and all subsequent documents transferring ownership of lots within such plat or short plat, shall bear the following language:
Yakima County has no responsibility to build, improve, maintain or otherwise service any private road for this plat/short plat. Any right-of-way dedicated to the public by this plat/short plat shall not be opened as a County road until it is improved to County road standards and accepted as part of the County road system.
(Ord. 7-2013 § 1 (Exh. A) (part), 2015)

§ 19.23.060 Private Shared Driveways.

(1) 
When Allowed. Private shared driveways may only be approved when the Reviewing Official determines that all the following criteria are met, based on documentation provided by the applicant or other evidence:
(a) 
The private, shared driveway will not serve more than four lots or units, or, due to topographical or other physical constraints as determined by the Reviewing Official, have the possibility based on zoning of:
(i) 
Being extended to serve more than four lots or units, or
(ii) 
Accommodating a development that generates more than 40 daily vehicle trips based on current plan designation and zoning;
(b) 
There is no conflict with an existing public road or with the County's long-range road circulation plan, or with the connectivity standards of Subsection 19.23.030(3);
(c) 
The development minimizes the number of access points to a public roadway; and
(d) 
An agreement is provided that binds owners within the development to financially participate in perpetual maintenance of the private shared driveway.
(2) 
Design Standards.
(a) 
Minimum Construction Standards. Where private shared driveways are authorized, the improvements shall meet the following standards:
(i) 
The minimum driveway standard is a minimum travel surface as required by the International Fire Code.
(ii) 
Where private shared driveways require a crossing of an existing natural stream or drainageway, the crossing shall comply with YCC Titles 13, 16C and 16D.
(iii) 
Private shared driveways in special flood hazard areas are subject to review to ensure that the design will be analyzed for flood effects and mitigation. Such private shared driveways may alternatively be constructed with the top of the finished road at existing grade where the Reviewing Official determine the roads are not needed for flood ingress and egress because there are safe and suitable alternative routes that meet International Fire Code requirements.
(iv) 
The minimum standard for all private shared driveways in any development within an Urban Growth Area, RS or HTC zoning districts will be hard surfaced with two inches of asphalt concrete pavement (or the equivalent, as determined by the Reviewing Official in consultation with the County Engineer) on a subgrade of six inches of crushed surfacing base course, compacted depth. An alternative design may be required to maintain durability for commercial or industrial uses.
(v) 
In the RT, Rural-10/5, R/ELDP-40, MIN, AG, and FW zoning districts, private shared driveways shall meet a minimum standard as determined by YCC Title 13.
(vi) 
Drainage facilities must be sufficient to prevent discharge onto any public roadway.
(b) 
Driveway Locational Regulations.
(i) 
This Subsection is intended to limit the number of driveway approaches to an arterial or collector street, combine access so multiple adjacent land uses are served by a common approach, and maximizes the distance between neighboring approaches and intersections.
(ii) 
Re-development of the property may require existing driveways to be modified consistent with these requirements.
(iii) 
Neighboring accesses to individual lots in a single development shall be combined using common easements to minimize adjacent access points to a roadway. The objectives of this standard are to provide for safety and efficient use of land.
(iv) 
The County Engineer shall determine whether the proposed driveway locations conform to the following:
(A) 
Driveway approaches shall be restricted within the intersection's functional limits, which may be a distance of up to 350 feet from the intersection on a classified (arterial or collector) road.
(B) 
No driveway approach shall be so located as to create a hazard to pedestrians or motorists, or invite or compel illegal or unsafe traffic movements.
(C) 
A driveway approach on a local access street shall maximize the distance from a street intersection, as measured from the property line at the corner, and be located at least 30 feet from the street intersection corner.
(D) 
A driveway approach to a collector or arterial street shall maximize the distance from an adjacent driveway approach and be located at least 75 feet (measured along the collector or arterial) from any other such collector or arterial street approach on the same side of the street.
(E) 
A driveway approach to a collector or arterial street shall be at least 75 feet from the nearest right-of-way line of an un-signalized street intersection.
(F) 
Driveway approaches shall be limited in the vicinity of a signalized street intersection. No driveway shall be permitted within 100 feet of a signalized intersection, as measured from the right-of-way line. Driveways within 200 feet of the right-of-way line of the intersection shall be restricted to right turns only.
(G) 
A construction permit pursuant to Chapter 10.08 shall be required for the construction of new driveway approaches from a public street or a modification of an existing driveway approach for the specifications of the driveway approach.
(Ord. 7-2013 § 1 (Exh. A) (part), 2015; Ord. 10-2019 (Exh. 1) (part), 2019)

§ 19.23.070 Transportation Concurrency Management System.

Yakima County has established its Level of Service (LOS) standard for transportation concurrency in its comprehensive plans. It is based on both a Condition LOS and a Capacity LOS. Proposed developments that would reduce the LOS below the established standards shall be mitigated so the LOS is met, or denied.
(Ord. 7-2013 § 1 (Exh. A) (part), 2015)

§ 19.25.010 Legislative Intent.

This Chapter is intended to:
(1) 
Further the public health, safety and welfare by providing clear rules for when and how connection to public sewer and water is required or prohibited;
(2) 
Ensure that all required sewer and water connections and improvements are consistent with, and implement applicable goals and policies of, the Comprehensive Plan and this Chapter;
(3) 
Require development inside Urban Growth Areas to connect to available regional sewer and area-wide public water supply systems, and provide for full future extension of such services where they are presently unavailable to serve such development, in order to efficiently convert the land to urban uses within the 20 year planning period;
(4) 
Provide for expansion of existing regional sewer and area-wide water supply systems as a cost-effective means for infrastructure development;
(5) 
Prioritize use of community on-site sewage disposal systems, as defined in Section 19.01.070, when service from a regional sewer system is not available within Urban Growth Areas or the service area of a County sewer system or sewer district;
(6) 
Prioritize use of public water supplies from existing satellite utility systems and facilitate their use in all areas when service from an area-wide public water supply system is not available;
(7) 
Provide a framework for the future location of facilities to assist developers and property owners in design of their projects;
(8) 
Provide consumer protection for future third party purchasers of developed properties by requiring applicants to invest in site improvements such as dry-line sewer and double plumbing dry side sewer connections to reduce costs of connecting to regional sewer systems when they become available;
(9) 
Minimize the cost of such improvements to the taxpayers of this County and State; and
(10) 
Provide specific standards consistent with RCW 58.17.110 and 19.27.097 that will ensure that an adequate source of potable water will be provided prior to development approval.
(Ord. 7-2013 § 1 (Exh. A) (part), 2015; Ord. 6-2017 § 2(C) (Exh. 1) (part), 2017)

§ 19.25.020 Sewer and Water Connection Required.

Development shall be served by sewer and water systems under this Section.
(1) 
New Structures.
(a) 
The construction or placement of a structure requiring sewage disposal and/or potable water shall connect to a regional sewer system and area-wide public water supply system, except as specified in this Subsection.
(b) 
In the following cases, the construction or placement of a structure requiring sewage disposal and/or potable water shall provide an alternative sewer or water system under Section 19.25.040 when:
(i) 
The new structure is an alteration, expansion or replacement of an existing structure that the Yakima Health District determines will not result in increased sewage effluent production, or that will not exceed the capacity of an existing Yakima Health District approved on-site sewage disposal system;
(ii) 
The extension of a regional and/or area-wide system is not "available" as defined in Section 19.25.030;
(iii) 
The applicant provides documentation from the service provider demonstrating that intervening property contains natural or manmade obstructions, such as deep canyons, elevation changes, or solid rock impediments, which make regional sewer and/or area-wide public water extension impractical; or
(iv) 
The Yakima Health District or service provider has determined that the costs of constructing a connection to the regional and/or area-wide system on a value per unit basis, exclusive of connection fees, is more than two times the estimated costs of improvements that would be required under Section 19.25.040.
(2) 
Divisions of Land.
(a) 
Divisions of land creating one or more vacant lots shall be required to connect to a regional sewer system and an area-wide public water supply system, as determined by the availability criteria in Section 19.25.030. If either utility system is not "available," as defined by Section 19.25.030, development of the vacant lots shall provide an alternative system under Section 19.25.040. Alternative water systems must meet the fire flow requirements of YCC Title 13 and Table 19.25-1 note (7) unless the Yakima County Fire Marshal approves structural sprinkling systems as an alternative to fire flow requirements.
(b) 
Divisions of land creating a new lot around a legally existing structure that requires sewage disposal and potable water supply, but is not connected to both a regional sewer system and an area-wide public water supply system, are subject to the following requirements:
(i) 
Within Urban Growth Areas, if the structure is served by an on-site sewage system, and the Yakima Health District determines the existing system(s) are operating properly, a covenant or plat note shall be recorded by the property owner to commit the current and future property owner(s) to connect to an available regional sewer system upon failure of the existing on-site sewage disposal system and when the Yakima Health District has determined a replacement system is not feasible.
(ii) 
Within Urban Growth Areas, RS and cluster developments of more than one lot the existing individual water supply system shall be evaluated by the Yakima Health District to determine whether the system can be converted to a public water system for the development.
(iii) 
Utility easements shall be dedicated on the final plat or in a separate instrument as part of final approval of a boundary line adjustment, as set forth in Subsection 19.25.050(1) for future sewer connections in Urban Growth Areas and RS districts, and for public water supply connections in all zoning districts.
(Ord. 7-2013 § 1 (Exh. A) (part), 2015; Ord. 8-2015 § 2 (Exh. 4) (part), 2015; Ord. 6-2017 § 2(C) (Exh. 1) (part), 2017)

§ 19.25.030 Availability.

(1) 
Sewer. For the purposes of this Chapter, a regional sewer system is "available" when the subject property is located within an Urban Growth Area, or a municipal service provider or special purpose district's service area and meets one or more of the following:
(a) 
A regional sewer system line or any satellite utility system with sufficient capacity is located within any point 200 feet or less from its boundaries, measured along the shortest route determined by the utility provider and the utility provider has determined that the system is capable of serving the proposed development;
(b) 
A regional sewer system line is located a distance greater than 200 feet from the boundaries of the property concerned, but the Yakima Health District or the State Department of Health has determined that the anticipated quantity of sewage flow from the proposed development exceeds the site's ability for treatment or dispersal using an on-site sewage system, as set forth in Subsection 19.25.040(1);
(c) 
Connection is required by the provider's adopted utility plan; or
(d) 
Yakima Health District regulations require the applicant to connect to a regional system.
(2) 
Water. For the purposes of this Chapter, an area-wide public water supply system or a Group A or B water system is "available" when:
(a) 
A public water system is located within any point 200 feet or less from the boundaries of the subject property, measured along the shortest route of the proposed distribution line between the boundary and the public water system, the system's design is sufficient to serve some or all of the development, and the purveyor agrees to provide service;
(b) 
The Yakima Health District, Yakima County Utilities Division or State Department of Health requires the development to connect to the system regardless of distance; or
(c) 
A service connection is otherwise provided.
(3) 
Cost of Connection to either Sewer or Water. A regional sewer system or area-wide public water system is not "available" if the Yakima Health District or service provider has determined that the costs of constructing a connection to the regional and/or area-wide system on a value per unit basis, exclusive of connection fees, is more than two times the estimated costs of improvements that would be required under Section 19.25.040, and the service provider does not require the connection as provided in Subsections 19.25.030(1) and (2) above.
(Ord. 7-2013 § 1 (Exh. A) (part), 2015; Ord. 6-2017 § 2(C) (Exh. 1) (part), 2017)

§ 19.25.040 Satellite Utility Systems and Individual Systems.

If regional sewer and/or area-wide public water service is not "available" to serve a proposed project the following satellite utility or individual systems may be used, provided that they meet the requirements of this Section and have been approved by the agency with jurisdiction. The systems authorized for such projects are listed in order of priority, as provided in Subsections (1) and (2) below and Tables 19.25-1 and 19.25-2:
(1) 
Sewage Disposal Systems.
(a) 
Large On-Site Sewage System (LOSS). Projects requiring the use of a LOSS must meet the State Department of Health requirements (WAC 246-272B).
(b) 
Community On-Site Sewage Disposal System. A community on-site sewage disposal system shall be approved by the State Department of Health or Yakima Health District. The system shall be entirely within the boundaries of the proposed development or on land controlled by the system ownership and its rate structure shall include, commencing with the first payment, establishment of a fund to be reserved by the system owner for payment of the expected connection fee to the regional sewer system after a defined period.
(c) 
Individual On-Site Sewage Disposal System. An individual on-site storage disposal system shall be approved by the Yakima Health District. Each individual system shall be entirely contained on the same lot as the proposed dwelling that it is intended to serve or on another parcel on which the lot owner possesses an easement interest for that purpose.
(2) 
Water Systems. RCW 58.17.110 requires applicants for land divisions provide documentation of adequate potable water supplies to the Reviewing Official prior to final development approval. RCW 19.27.097 requires each applicant for a building permit of a building necessitating potable water shall provide evidence of an adequate water supply for the intended use of the building. In Urban Growth Areas, the public water systems required under this Title shall be sited and designed to become incorporated into, and be accepted by, the associated area-wide public water supply system designated for that portion of the Urban Growth Area.
(a) 
Existing Water Systems.
(i) 
Group A Public Water System. Connection to an existing Group A public water system, as defined in Section 19.01.070, is required when:
(A) 
An existing Group A system is "available" to provide an adequate source of potable water for the proposed development; or
(B) 
The proposal is located adjacent to an existing Group A system and the developer provides written verification from the owner, water users association or the satellite management agency (SMA) of the adjacent existing Group A system approving connection to the existing system.
(ii) 
Group B Public Water System. Connection to an existing Group B public water system, as defined in Section 19.01.070, is required when:
(A) 
The subject site is within an existing Group B system's service area and the system has been designed with express intent of providing water to the subject property; or
(B) 
The proposal is located adjacent to an existing Group B system and the developer provides written verification approving a connection to the existing system from the owner, water users association or satellite management agency (SMA) of the adjacent existing Group B system.
(iii) 
Availability Criteria. Yakima County will consider an adequate source of potable water to be "available" at the time of a development when the applicant provides documentation showing that the existing Group A or B water system for the proposed development has been approved by the appropriate agency with jurisdiction.
(b) 
New Water Systems.
(i) 
New Group A Public Water System. A new Group A public water system, as defined in Section 19.01.070, is required where State Department of Health regulations require a Group A system and no existing Group A system is "available" to serve the development, as defined in Section 19.25.030; provided, that:
(A) 
The applicant shall dedicate the new Group A system to a state-approved satellite management agency (SMA), as set forth in Section 19.25.060. The Group A public water system shall include the well, reservoir and treatment system, meter, distribution system and the land upon which they are located or upon land controlled by the SMA shall have control. Utility easements shall be granted for the distribution system as required by Section 19.25.050; and
(B) 
The applicant has demonstrated that a new Group A water system will provide an adequate source of potable water for the proposed development.
(ii) 
New Group B Public Water System. A new Group B public water system, as defined in Section 19.01.070, is required where no existing Group A or B system is available to serve the development, as defined in Section 19.25.030; provided, that:
(A) 
The applicant shall dedicate the new Group B system owned and operated by a water users association or a state-approved satellite management agency (SMA), as set forth in Section 19.25.060 and Table 19.25.-1. The Group B public water system shall include the well, reservoir and treatment system, meter, distribution system and the land upon which they are located, or upon land controlled by a water users association or SMA. Utility easements for the distribution system shall be granted as required by Section 19.25.050; and
(B) 
The applicant has demonstrated that the new Group B system will provide an adequate source of potable water for the proposed development.
(iii) 
Availability Criteria. Yakima County will consider an adequate source of potable water to be "available" at the time of a development when the applicant provides documentation showing that the existing Group A or B water system for the proposed development has been approved by the appropriate agency with jurisdiction.
(c) 
Two-Party Shared Public Water System. A two-party shared public water system is required when only two dwellings, lots or connections will be served and no existing Group A or B system is available prior to final approval.
(i) 
When Allowed. In all areas a two-party shared public water system is allowed if:
(A) 
The subject property was not required to connect to a Group A or B public water system as a condition of a previous permit approval;
(B) 
The applicant demonstrates that the two-party shared water system will provide an adequate source of potable water for the proposed development; and
(C) 
The addition of an accessory dwelling unit does not change the classification of the system and that requires upgrades to the existing system.
(ii) 
Availability Criteria. Yakima County will consider an adequate source of potable water to be "available" at the time of a development when the applicant provides documentation showing that the two-party shared water system for the proposed development has been approved by the appropriate agency with jurisdiction.
(d) 
Individual Well, as Defined in Section 19.01.070. An individual well is required when Group A or B public water systems or two-party shared water systems are not "available" or otherwise required; provided, that:
(i) 
Documentation. The applicant shall demonstrate prior to final development approval that:
(A) 
An authorization for a groundwater withdrawal from the appropriate agency with jurisdiction has been obtained;
(B) 
Each individual well will provide an adequate source of potable water for the proposed development including:
1. 
A water quality analysis report from the Yakima Health District or a State of Washington certified laboratory indicating compliance with the State Board of Health and locally adopted standards for domestic water; and
2. 
As required by local, state or federal agencies, a water quantity report from a well driller, pump supplier, or other qualified person. The report must be in the form of an industry standard pump test, bailer test or air test for wells or a flow test for springs. The test must assure that a minimum quantity of 350 gallons per day is available for each dwelling unit.
(C) 
The individual well has or will be designed in accordance with well siting and contamination standards as determined by the appropriate agency with jurisdiction.
(ii) 
Conversion of Individual Wells. Within Urban Growth Areas, RS and cluster developments in the R-10/5 and RT districts, new individual wells will be designed to be converted to a public water supply in the future as further development occurs.
(iii) 
Availability Criteria. Yakima County will consider an adequate source of potable water to be "available" at the time of a development when the applicant provides documentation showing that the individual well for the proposed development has been approved by the appropriate agency with jurisdiction.
(Ord. 7-2013 § 1 (Exh. A) (part), 2015; Ord. 6-2017 § 2(C) (Exh. 1) (part), 2017)

§ 19.25.045 Site Improvements in Urban Growth Areas.

The following conditions of approval shall be required by the Reviewing Official prior to final approval of a development within an Urban Growth Area.
(1) 
Sewer Improvements. In locations within a sewer service area where the purveyor has engineered and adopted plans for its regional system, or the purveyor has established elevations for sewer system design, and the purveyor is willing to inspect proposed design and construction, and when the purveyor will connect the dryline to its system within six years, based on an adopted Capital Facilities Plan.
(a) 
Double plumbing dry side sewer will be installed at the time of on-site sewage disposal installation to connect the structure to a regional sewer system when it becomes available as provided in Section 19.25.030;
(b) 
The installation of dryline sewer will use accepted engineering practices for development having two or more lots with the location, connection depth and pipe sizing acceptable to the future utility provider; and
(c) 
The development will use a community or large on-site sewage disposal system, as provided in Subsection 19.25.040(1); if a regional sewer system is not available;
(2) 
Water Improvements. The development will use a Group A or B or two-party public water system, as provided in Subsection 19.25.040(2), if an area-wide public water supply system is not available; and
(3) 
Covenant Required. A covenant or plat note is recorded by the property owner that commits the current and future property owner(s) to connect to a regional sewer system and an area-wide public water system, if both are not provided, within 12 months of the system being located adjacent to the subject property. The covenant or plat note shall also contain a provision that commits the current and future property owner(s) to participate in a future local improvement district if this is the method used to extend sewer or water.
(Ord. 7-2013 § 1 (Exh. A) (part), 2015; Ord. 6-2017 § 2(C) (Exh. 1) (part), 2017)

§ 19.25.050 Utility Easements and Installation.

(1) 
Utility Easements.
(a) 
Easement Reserved. All easements for sewer, water, electric, gas, telecommunications, irrigation and similar utilities shall be shown on the final plat, short plat or binding site plan. Easements shall be reserved for and granted to all utilities and to their respective successors and assigns for:
(i) 
Serving all lots within a subdivision and other property with utility services; and
(ii) 
Granting the right to enter upon the lots, tracts, and common areas at all times to install, lay, construct, renew, operate, and maintain underground conduit, cables, pipe, and wires with necessary facilities and other equipment.
(b) 
Easement Location. Applicants must consult with and obtain or request written approval from all applicable utility purveyors documenting that the proposed utility easements and their locations within the property or proposed lots are adequate for their service needs and sufficient to provide the utility legal access from existing public rights-of-way or other access easements over any intervening real property prior to submittal of the final plat.
(i) 
Utility easements shall be located outside private access easements and dedicated road rights-of-way unless otherwise approved by the County Engineer; and
(ii) 
New or expanded utility easements shall serve each interior lot along the property boundary and be located along those lot frontages within the subdivision and development proposal that abuts private and public roads to minimize the burden of the easement on the servient landowners.
(c) 
Easement Dimensions.
(i) 
Utility easements along lot frontages adjacent to public rights-of-way shall have a minimum width of eight feet;
(ii) 
Utility easements not located adjacent to public rights-of-way shall have a minimum width of 16 feet unless the Reviewing Official determines an alternative width sufficient or necessary to accommodate the proposed improvement;
(iii) 
Well access easements shall have a minimum width of 16 feet.
(d) 
Easements Extending to Adjacent Properties. Easements for future utility extensions to abutting properties shall be required as a condition of application approval when the Reviewing Official finds that:
(i) 
Vacant or underutilized land abuts the proposed land segregation or development;
(ii) 
The location of an easement for future utility extensions is reasonable based upon the design needs for future utility infrastructure;
(iii) 
The establishment of an easement for future utility extensions will further the extension of utility infrastructure;
(iv) 
The extension of utilities using the easement is foreseeable;
(v) 
The establishment of said easement furthers the goals and policies of the Comprehensive Plan; and
(vi) 
Easements shall be established under this Subsection at the time of final approval for individual wells providing public water supply under Subsection 19.25.040(2)(d)(ii). A plat note or covenant indicating such easements shall be established at the time of well construction for wells not established at the time of final approval.
(2) 
Utility Installation.
(a) 
Public Rights-of-Way. A utility provider shall obtain a franchise agreement and all necessary construction permits under RCW 80.32.010, 80.36.040 and Chapter 36.55 RCW prior to the installation and relocation of all public and private utilities within County road right-of-way, including but not limited to electric power, telephone, television, communication, water, gas, all petroleum products, steam, chemicals, sewage, drainage, irrigation, and similar pipes, lines or cables.
(b) 
Utility Easements. Utility easements should be composed to require utility providers to minimize disturbance to existing conditions within the easements, especially trees and other vegetation, during initial construction.
(Ord. 7-2013 § 1 (Exh. A) (part), 2015; Ord. 6-2017 § 2(C) (Exh. 1) (part), 2017)

§ 19.25.060 Water Users Association and Satellite Management Agency (SMA).

Where a public water supply will have three or more connections, the formation of a Water Users Association will be required as a condition of plat approval or development authorization, to monitor and maintain the water system, unless Table 19.25-1 indicates an SMA is required and will manage or own the public water system. An SMA may be required for fewer lots than what is shown in Table 19.25-1 if an SMA is approved by the state to serve fewer connections. In addition to the funds required for operation and maintenance of the public water system, the Reviewing Official, Water Users Association or SMA may require additional funds from users of the system to cover future costs associated with connecting the public water system to an area-wide public water supply system when it becomes available.
(Ord. 7-2013 § 1 (Exh. A) (part), 2015; Ord. 6-2017 § 2(C) (Exh. 1) (part), 2017)

§ 19.25.070 Municipal Public Sewer Connection Prohibited Outside UGAs – Exceptions.

In compliance with RCW 36.70A.110(4), a municipal public service provider may only extend sewer service outside the Urban Growth Area in those limited circumstances where necessary to protect basic public health and safety and the environment, as evidenced at least by an emergency order issued by the Department of Ecology or Department of Health, and when such services are financially supportable at rural densities and do not permit urban development. If service is extended, the maximum number of permitted hookups shall be specified at the time of extension and no additional development exceeding that number shall be permitted.
(Ord. 7-2013 § 1 (Exh. A) (part), 2015; Ord. 6-2017 § 2(C) (Exh. 1) (part), 2017)

§ 19.25.080 Well Setbacks from Landfills.

State law requires a well setback of 1,000 feet from the boundary line of an existing or closed Municipal Solid Waste Landfill (MSWLF), as defined in Section 19.01.070.
Table 19.25-1. Water(7)
Zoning
New Structures(1)
Number of Lots/Connections
2
3-4
5-8
9 or more
Urban Growth Areas
4 options in order of priority:
• Area-wide public water supply system
• Existing public water system
• New public water system
• Individual well
3 options in order of priority:
• Area-wide public water supply system
• Existing public water system
• New public water system
4 options in order of priority:
• Area-wide public water supply system
• Existing public water system
• Yakima County or Nob Hill Water SMA(2)
• Other State-approved SMA(3)
Resource Areas(8)
Agriculture, Forest Watershed, Mining
2 options in order of priority:
• Existing public water system(4)
• Individual well
3 options in order of priority:
• Existing public water system
• New public water system
• Individual wells(5)
Rural Areas(8)
Master Planned Resorts, Rural Settlement – (LAMIRDs), Rural Transitional, Rural-10/5, R/ELDP-40
2 options in order of priority:
• Existing public water system(4)
• Individual well
2 options in order of priority:
• Existing public water system(4)
• New public water system
3 options in order of priority:
• Existing public water system(4)
• Yakima County or Nob Hill Water SMA(2)
• Other State-approved SMA(3)
2 options in order of priority:
• Yakima County or Nob Hill Water SMA(2)
• Other State-approved SMA(3)
• Individual wells, subject to Section 19.25.040, if all lots are 5 acres or greater in the R/ELDP-40 and R-10/5 zoning districts and outside the service area of a County water system
Notes:
(1)
Any structure that requires potable water and sewage disposal.
(2)
State-approved Satellite Management Agencies (SMAs) including Nob Hill Water, Evergreen Valley Utilities, Valley Water Services and Yakima County.
(3)
Priority shall be given to municipal public utilities or utility districts or to investor-owned utilities under the jurisdiction of the Utilities and Transportation Commission.
(4)
Connection to the County system is required if the structure/lots are located within the service area of a County water system (YCC Title 12).
(5)
Section 19.34.035 requires public water supply systems for cluster developments.
(6)
Individual wells may be allowed if all lots created by a land division in the R-10/5 or R/ELDP-40 district, and outside the service area of a County water system, are five acres or larger.
(7)
Minimum Fire Flow: Shall meet the minimum fire flow standards as set forth in the International Fire Code.
(8)
A public water system is required for all clustered land divisions in the AG, FW, RS, RT and Rural-10/5 districts.
Table 19.25-2. Sewer
Zoning
New Structures(1)
Number of Lots/Connections
2-4
5-8
9 or more
Urban Growth Areas
3 options in order of priority:
• Regional sewer system
• Community on-site sewage disposal system
• Individual septic
Municipal, County or Other State Approved Operator
Resource Areas
Agriculture, Forest Watershed, Mining
2 options in order of priority:
• County sewer system(2)
• Individual on-site septic only
Rural Areas
Master Planned Resorts, Rural Settlement – LAMIRDs, Rural Transitional, Rural-10/5, R/ELDP-40
2 options in order of priority:
• County sewer system(2)
• Individual on-site septic only
2 options in order of priority:
• County sewer system(2)
• Individual on-site septic only
2 options in order of priority:
• County sewer system(2)
• Individual on-site septic if public water is available
1 option:
• County sewer system(2)
Notes:
(1)
Any structure that requires potable water and sewage disposal.
(2)
Connection to the County system is required if the structure/lots are located within the service area of a County sewer system (YCC Title 12).
(Ord. 7-2013 § 1 (Exh. A) (part), 2015; Ord. 6-2017 § 2(C) (Exh. 1) (part), 2017)