(A)   Computation of parking spaces. In determining the number of parking spaces required, if such spaces result in fractional parts thereof, the number of said spaces required shall be construed to be the next highest whole number.

   (B)   Addition to buildings. Whenever the intensity of use of any building, structure or premises shall be increased through addition of dwelling units, gross floor area, seating capacity, change of use or other units of measurement specified herein, additional parking spaces shall be provided in the amounts hereafter specified for that use, if the existing parking space is inadequate to serve such increase in intensity of use.

   (C)   Location of off-street parking facilities.

      (1)   Off-street parking facilities (subject to additional restrictions according to screening requirements in § 3.18, and other requirements of this ordinance) shall be located as follows.

         (a)   Single-Family Residential Zones (R-RE, R-1A, R-1B, R-1C, R-1D and R-1V). Off-street parking may be permitted in driveways in the front, side and rear yards, provided all requirements of this ordinance are met. Additionally, off-street parking located in the rear yard shall be set back a minimum of ten feet from the rear lot line. No off-street parking area, located in the front yard in a single-family residential zone, may exceed 400 square feet (two parking spaces) except, however, the Zoning Administrator may allow additional off-street parking spaces to be located thereon; provided that:

            1.   The additional parking spaces will not cause the ratio of unpaved area to paved area (parking and driveway areas) in the front yard to be less than three to one (3:1);

            2.   A plan of the proposed parking area is submitted and approved by the Zoning Administrator; and

            3.   All other requirements of this ordinance are met.

         (b)   Multi-Family Residential Zones (R-2 and R-3). Off-street parking may be permitted in side or rear yards of permitted uses in these zones; provided that, off-street parking facilities shall be set back a minimum of ten feet from the rear lot line. Off-street parking may be permitted in required front yards, only if approved according to an approved development plan.

         (c)   RMHP Zone. Off-street parking may be permitted on driveways on minimum required front and side yards; provided that, all other requirements of this ordinance are met.

         (d)   CT Zones. Off-street parking shall be permitted according to approval of a final site plan as regulated by § 3.21 of this ordinance.

         (e)   B-1 and NSC Zones. Off-street parking and loading and unloading and unloading areas may be permitted in minimum required front, side and rear yards; provided that, all off-street parking facilities shall be set back a minimum of five feet from any street right-of-way lines. Parking within the B-1 Zone shall be placed in the rear and side yards where possible in order to minimize the impact of new development in the Old Town District.

         (f)   PF Zone. Off-street parking, and loading and unloading areas may be permitted in minimum required front, side and rear yards; provided that, all off-street parking facilities shall be set back a minimum of five feet from any street right-of-way lines.

      (2)   All off-street facilities shall be located on the same lot or zoning lot as the building served, except for the following.

         (a)   Multi-family dwellings, where permitted in this ordinance, and any use permitted in an industrial zone may supply off-street parking within 300 feet from such lot or zoning lot served, upon approval of the Zoning Administrator; providing that, such off-street parking requirements of this ordinance are complied with at all times.

         (b)   Further, the applicant must also show sufficient proof that such off-street parking facilities would be impossible to provide the required off-street parking space, as required herein, on the same lot or zoning lot contiguous to the same lot or zoning lot as the building being served.

         (c)   Where two single-, two- or multi-family dwellings, which are permitted herein and are exist at the time of adoption of this ordinance, occupy a lot of such size that off-street parking could not be provided on the same lot or zoning lot as the use being serve, said off-street parking may be permitted to locate within a distance not to exceed 300 feet from said dwelling or dwellings upon approval of the Zoning Administrator. In addition, said off-street parking lot shall be located in the same zone as the use being served and constructed in accordance with the requirements of this ordinance.

         (d)   Off-street parking, as required for “conditional uses” permitted in the Residential (R) Zones, may be permitted to locate on another lot or zoning lot than the building or use being served is located, when approval by the Board of Adjustment; provided that, said parking is located within reasonable walking distance of the use or building being served and available at all times without restrictions for said purposes.

   (D)   Collective parking provision. Collective off-street parking facilities may be provided; however, such facilities shall not be less than the sum of such facilities as would otherwise be individually required, except as provided for below.

      (1)   Collective parking provision.

         (a)   In granting collective parking approval, the following shall be considered.

            1.   The required parking for the highest use shall be located on the premises as the minimum requirement, additional parking, as determined by the Planning Commission, shall be a minimum of 50% on premises. The other percentage may be located off-premises based on written contracts to provide said off-street parking.

            2.   The actual need for parking spaces for each individual use or building in relation to the requirement provided under § 5.1 of this ordinance.

            3.   Times of actual need for parking of each individual use or building and the relationship of these times to one another.

            4.   The internal control plan of the applicant shall be submitted with the application for review.

            5.   The internal controls for scheduling the uses and said controls and/or schedule may be accepted or changed by the Planning Commission, but the internal control schedule shall be made a condition of approval.

            6.   The parking needed for scheduled uses on the premises shall not exceed the number of parking spaces established by the Planning Commission.

            7.   Collective off-street parking located on another lot must be located within 500 feet walking distance of the entrance to the use to be served. Said walking access shall provide a safe means of pedestrian access to and from the establishment being served.

            8.   Reserved spaces shall be counted in the minimum requirement but cannot exceed 10% of the total number of parking spaces.

            9.   Allowance by the Planning Commission for such collective parking facilities, on lots other than the lot upon which the building or use being served is located, should be situated so as to ensure that such locations will not result in added traffic problems, or traffic or pedestrian safety problems.

         (b)   The Planning Commission is authorized after consideration to issue a permit for not less than the required parking for the highest use on the premises and any additional parking per use the Planning Commission determines is necessary based upon the evidence.

      (2)   Shared parking provision. When any land or building is under the same ownership, or upon submission of satisfactory guarantees of the continued operation and proper maintenance of the shared parking facility, and the proposed development is for two or more land uses excluding residential uses, the number of minimum required parking spaces shall be computed by multiplying the number of parking spaces normally required for each land use by the appropriate percentage as shown in the following shared parking credit table for each of the five periods shown. The number of parking spaces required is then determined by adding the results in each column; the column total that generates the highest number of parking spaces becomes the minimum parking requirement.

 

   (E)   Driveway provisions.

      (1)   Except for Residential (R-RE and R-1) Zones, parking lots or areas adjacent to streets, roads, highways or deeded rights-of-way shall have driveways or openings not less than 12 feet in width and no more than 48 feet in width at the curb, excluding curve radius. These curb cuts shall be so located as to minimize traffic hazards and congestion. All each parking lot and said parking lots shall be so designed that all vehicles leaving the facility will be traveling forward to approaching traffic.

      (2)   In the case of R-RE and R-1 Residential Zones, no driveway width at the street right- of-way junction shall be less than nine feet, nor more than 20 feet, excluding curb radius; providing that, this width may be increased if it can be determined, after review and approval of the Zoning Administrator, that said additional width will not impede the flow of traffic.

   (F)   Approval of modification of curb cuts required. Detailed plans shall be submitted to the Zoning Administrator in the form of a site plan, as regulated by § 3.21 of this ordinance, for approval of all curb cuts, driveway openings, including modifications thereto, before a permit may be obtained. For the purpose of minimizing the interference of traffic and congestion on the major street system, as identified in the city’s comprehensive plan, the Zoning Administrator shall limit the number of curb cuts along said streets. The number of curb cut intersections with major streets shall be spaced at a distance of not less than 800 feet apart. Access to abutting properties fronting on said major streets shall be provided by a frontage or service road connecting to the curb cut intersection. If the developer can show sufficient proof in the form of a site plan or development plan, that spacing of curb cuts less than 800 feet apart will not impede the movement of traffic flow alongside major streets, then the Zoning Administrator may vary these requirements accordingly.

   (G)   Driveways not computed as part of parking lot. Entrances, exits or driveways shall not be computed as any apart of a required parking lot or area, except in the case of the R-RE and R-1 Zones, where access driveways may be used for parking and designed in accordance with the requirements of this ordinance.

   (H)   Off-street parking space and access drives defined.

      (1)   For the purposes of this ordinance, each individual parking space shall be a minimum of 162 square feet in area, exclusive of access drives of aisles, and shall be a minimum of nine feet in width and 18 feet in length. Such parking space shall have a vertical clearance of at least seven feet. Each parking space shall be appropriately dimensioned for automobile parking. All parking lots shall be laid out with the following minimum aisle or access drive widths:

         (a)   Ninety-degree (perpendicular) parking: 24 feet (either one- or two-way circulation);

         (b)   Sixty-degree (angle) parking: 18 feet (one-way circulation only);

         (c)   Forty-five-degree (angle) parking: 13 feet (one-way circulation);

         (d)   Thirty-degree (angle) parking: 11 feet (one-way circulation only); and

         (e)   Zero-degree (parallel) parking: 12 feet (one-way circulation).

      (2)   When any combination of these types of parking is used (facing the same aisle) the most restricted aisle or access drive width requirements shall prevail.

   (I)   Parking and passenger loading zones for the disabled.

      (1)   In any commercial or employment district, or wherever any townhouse of multi-family housing is provided, parking spaces for disabled people shall be provided as indicated on the following table:

 

      (2)   Parking spaces for disabled people shall be at least eight feet wide and 19 feet (20 feet in commercial zones) long, and shall have an adjacent access aisle five feet wide, minimum. Two parking spaces for the disabled may share a common access aisle.

      (3)   Access aisles for parking spaces for the disabled shall be part of an accessible route to the building or facility which the parking space serves. An acceptable designed curb ramp shall be provided. Specifications for curb ramps may be obtained from the Kentucky Building Code. Access aisles and accessible routes shall be protected in such a manner that no part of any vehicle or any structure shall be allowed to interfere with access or use of the aisle or route in any way.

      (4)   The location of parking spaces should be as close as possible to the principal handicapped accessible entrance(s). In a multi-building development or shopping center, the spaces should be dispersed to ensure easy access and minimize the travel distance for the handicapped.

      (5)   Parking spaces for the disabled shall be designated as reserved for the disabled by a sign showing the international symbol of accessibility. Such signs shall be above grade.

   (J)   Off-street parking space to be used for parking only. Any vehicle parking space shall be used for parking only. Any other use of such space, including repair work or servicing of any kind other than in an emergency, or the requirement of any pavement for the use of such space, shall be deemed to constitute a separate commercial use in violation of the provisions of this ordinance.

   (K)   No building shall be erected in off-street parking space. No building of any kind shall be erected in any off-street parking lot, except a parking garage containing parking spaces equal to the requirements set forth in this section of the ordinance or a shelter house booth for a parking attendant; providing, the number of spaces required are not reduced.

   (L)   Off-street parking space shall not be reduced. The required parking area on any lot, as set forth and designated in this ordinance, shall not be reduced or encroached upon in any manner.

   (M)   Parking plan approval required. Plans for all parking lot facilities, including parking garages, shall be submitted to the Zoning Administrator for review and for compliance with the provisions of this ordinance and such other pertinent ordinances of the city. Such plans shall show the number of spaces and arrangements or parking aisles, location of driveway entrances and exits, provisions for vehicular and pedestrian circulation, location of sidewalks and curbs on or adjacent to the property, utilities, location of shelters for parking attendant, locations of signs, typical cross-sections of pavement, base and sub-base in accordance with division (N) below, proposed grade of parking lot, storm drainage facilities, location and type of lighting facilities and such other information or plans as the circumstances may warrant.

   (N)   Paving. All parking and loading spaces set forth in this article, including driveways, aisles, vehicle storage, outdoor storage and vehicle circulation areas shall be paved with asphalt concrete or portland cement and shall be designed and constructed in accordance with the city’s subdivision regulations.

   (O)   Design and maintenance.

      (1)   Screening and landscaping. All open automobile parking areas containing more than four parking spaces shall be effectively screened on each side adjoining or fronting on any property situated in a residential zone by a solid wall, fence or densely planted compact hedge a regulated by § 3.18 of this ordinance. Ground cover shrubs and trees shall be located and maintained so as to not interfere with vehicular and pedestrian traffic on the property or with sight distance clearance at entrances or exits.

      (2)   Lighting. Any parking area intended to be used during non-daylight hours shall be properly illuminated to avoid accidents. During the development or site planning process, the Zoning Administrator has the authority to require plans specifying foot candle minimums and illumination patterns when lighting is an integral part of a developments use. Any lights used to illuminate any out-of- doors area shall be arranged to minimize direct illumination, reflection or glare on any adjoining property or on any public street. Any lighting used to illuminate off-street parking areas shall be directed away from property in any residential zone in such a way as not to create a nuisance.

      (3)   Ingress and egress to parking areas. Any parking area shall be designed in such a manner that any vehicle entering or leaving the parking area from or into a public or private street shall be traveling in a forward motion. Access driveways for parking areas or loading spaces shall be located in such a way that any vehicle entering or leaving such area shall be clearly visible for a reasonable distance to any pedestrian or motorist approaching the access or driveway from a public or private street. Where possible and appropriate, inter-connecting parking lots shall be provided for the purpose of reducing the number of local trips onto public streets. All access points shall be limited to driveway entrances and exits specified in parking area plans as approved by the Zoning Administrator. Each required parking space shall be connected with a deeded public right-of-way (by means of adequate aisles as required in division (H) above), which offers adequate ingress and egress for automobiles.

      (4)   Maneuvering within property lines and the like. Parking lots, garages and storage areas shall be so designed and constructed so that all maneuvering into and out of each parking space takes place entirely within property lines of lots, garages and/or storage areas.

      (5)   Striping and signage. All parking areas shall be striped to facilitate the movement into and out of the parking stalls. This includes the delineation of access isles and permitted turning movements. The entrances and exits to the parking area shall be clearly marked. All signage and striping will be adequately maintained to ensure safe and efficient movement of vehicles.

      (6)   Drainage. All parking and loading areas shall provide for proper and approved drainage of surface water.

      (7)   Wheel blocks. Curbs, wheel blocks or other suitable devices must be provided to prevent vehicles from extending beyond a property line, pedestrian walkway or drainage area. A minimum of two and one-half feet should be provided for overhang of a vehicle. When a sidewalk is used as the wheel stop and overhang for a parking stall, the width of the sidewalk shall be no less than six feet.

   The amount of off-street parking space required for uses, buildings or additions thereto shall be determined according to the following requirements, and the space, so required, shall be stated in the application for a zoning and building permit and shall be reserved for such use. Where more than one use is located in the same building, each individual use shall be in accordance with the off-street parking requirements of this section of the ordinance.