A. Stormwater Management: Stormwater management (SWM) involves a coordinated effort to control the size and severity of floods, the impacts of water pollution events, and erosion and sedimentation problems.
The Idaho legislature enacted the groundwater quality protection act of 1989. The act called for creation of a groundwater quality council that is responsible for developing a groundwater quality plan as well as a groundwater monitoring plan.
The water quality plan has identified urban runoff as a possible major nonpoint source of groundwater contamination. This is a source that cannot be ignored.
This section outlines the city stormwater management program, which is intended to set up the best management practices (BMP) for managing stormwater discharge from new developments. The applicant shall also comply with all applicable state and federal requirements.
An Idaho licensed engineer shall prepare and submit plans to the city demonstrating that the 100-year event is retained on site or detained and will not impact surrounding properties. Methodologies and calculations shall conform to the standard of care and the designs shall include proper and adequate state of Idaho BMPs.
B. Goals: This stormwater management plan addresses three (3) distinct system goals: flow controls, water quality protection and erosion and sedimentation control. These goals must be addressed for the construction phase of a development, as well as for the completed development.
1. Flow Controls: Management of stormwater flows involves the design and implementation of a control system to achieve the following objectives:
a. Mitigate downstream impacts from stormwater flows resulting from land development activities.
b. Accommodate the stormwater flows from natural flooding of upstream lands and developments by providing adequate conveyance facilities through downstream sites.
c. Reduce the impacts on the downstream drainage system by restoring the original water distribution system to predevelopment conditions through the use of best management practices.
2. Water Quality Protection: Management of surface and ground water quality involves the design and implementation of a control system to achieve the following objectives:
a. Control or mitigate with the intent to prevent impacts to surface and ground water resources resulting from storm runoff due to land development activities.
b. Control the source of water pollutants through the development of on site facilities to structurally control and treat the runoff from the water quality event.
c. Regulate the sources of runoff pollution through system management public awareness campaigns and licensing procedures.
3. Erosion And Sedimentation Control: The management of erosion and sedimentation from construction sites and new developments involves the design and implementation of a control system. The source of sediment must be controlled through the use of diversions, ground cover lined channels, sediment basins, sediment control structures, filtering and screening membranes or other approved methods.
C. Legislative Authority For Stormwater Management: The city is not responsible for all drainage in the city. The city does have the responsibility and the authority to manage stormwater in the city that is associated with public streets and public roads through the following laws:
1. Idaho Code Title 40: Idaho Code title 40, gives the city exclusive and general supervision and jurisdiction over all public streets in the city. Idaho Code section 40-1415(1)(d) provides authority over drainage where necessary for motorist safety or right of way maintenance. Idaho Code section 40-1415(6) requires all subdivision plats to be submitted to the city for acceptance and approval of drainage provisions and construction standards.
2. Jurisdiction And Ownership: The city has authority to control discharges into the public right of way or into any storm sewers or drainage facilities within the public right of way through its ownership of the right of way.
3. Idaho Constitution: The city has constitutional, statutory and other authority as a municipal corporation to regulate all discharges of stormwater onto the public right of way or into the city's stormwater system.
4. Other: This is not a comprehensive listing of all legal authority. There may be other legal authorities which the city may assert from time to time.
D. Peak Rate Of Discharge: The peak rate of discharge shall be determined for use in designing individual components of the drainage system within the development and to examine predevelopment and postdevelopment peak flows.
1. Calculation Methodology: The rate of discharge shall be calculated using the proper methodology. The peak rate for areas up to one hundred (100) acres shall be calculated using the rational method or other preapproved standard methodologies. The soil conservation service (SCS) method TR no. 55, shall be used for larger areas.
2. Rational Method Equation For Areas Smaller Than One Hundred Acres: The equation for the rational method follows:
Q = CIA |
Q | = | Peak flow rates in cubic feet per second (cfs) |
C | = | Nondimensional runoff coefficient |
I | = | Average rainfall intensity in inches per hour (in./hr.), over a duration equal to the time of concentration tc for the contributing area |
tc | = | Time of concentration in minutes (min.) |
A | = | Size of the contributing area (acres) |
a. Typical C values are shown in exhibit A of this section. For mixed surfaces, a weighted coefficient shall be used.
b. The "time of concentration (tc)" is defined as the time required for runoff to travel from the most distant point in the basin to the point of measurement. It is related to the slope and runoff coefficient and may be estimated by various methods. For overland travel distances greater than one thousand feet (1,000') the Izzard (1946), Kirpich (1940), SCS lag equation or velocity charts (1975) may be used.
c. Rainfall intensity shall be based upon the intensity-duration- frequency curves in exhibit B of this section. In all cases, a minimum time of concentration of ten (10) minutes should be used. The design storm frequencies shown in table 1 of this section should be considered as a minimum unless special circumstances are involved.
TABLE 1
DESIGN STORM FREQUENCIES
Location | Return Frequency |
Primary Conveyance System | Secondary Conveyance System | Storage Facilities |
Urban areas | 25-year | 100-year | 100-year |
d. The size of the drainage area shall include both on site and off site lands tributary at the design point.
3. SCS TR55 Method For Peak Discharges For Areas Larger Than One Hundred Acres:
a. See SCS TR55 for application and calculation method.
b. The time of concentration shall use the methodologies described above.
c. Computer software adaptation of this method are acceptable; provided, that their data and graphical printout are submitted for review.
4. Other Methods: Other methods of determining peak rate of charge based on sound engineering principles and with proven results may be acceptable. Said methods shall be reviewed and approved by the city engineer in writing prior to plan submittal.
a. Minimum Peak Discharge Rate: The postdevelopment minimum peak discharge rate for design of residential subdivisions shall be greater than or equal to the rate calculated using the rational method assuming the total area equal to the road right of way, the runoff coefficient equal to one, and the storm intensity equal to one inch (1") per hour. For small residential subdivision (less than 5 acres) this method may be used in lieu of other methods. For other developments, the area used for calculation of the minimum discharge rate shall be the impervious area.
5. Peak Rates Of Discharge: Peak rates of discharge for design storms shall be included in the design calculations.
E. Runoff Volume: Runoff volumes shall be calculated for use in determining storage requirements. Volumes shall be calculated based upon the storm return frequency in table 1 of this section for storage facilities.
1. Criteria For Calculating Runoff Volumes: The following standards shall be used when calculating runoff volumes:
a. Storm Duration: The storm duration shall be one hour when using the rational method, or twenty four (24) hours when using the SCS method.
b. Rainfall Intensities: The rainfall intensities shall correspond to the storm frequencies of table 1 of this section.
2. Minimum Runoff Volume: A site specific weighted runoff coefficient shall be determined and used within the Rational Method Equation to determine the worst-case runoff volume. Said weighted runoff coefficient shall be based on landscaping and impervious surfaces in the right of way and a minimum of the front one half (1/2) of the lots. The minimum runoff volume used for design of residential subdivisions shall be greater than or equal to the volume from one inch (1") of rainfall times the area of the road right of way. For other developments, the area used for calculation of the minimum runoff volume shall be the impervious area.
3. Runoff Volume (Design Storms): Runoff volumes for design storms shall be included in the design calculations.
F. Conveyance System Design Criteria:
a. Primary Conveyance System: The primary conveyance system shall be designed to accommodate the peak discharge of the design storm frequency in table 1 of this section. The primary system consists of catch basins, drop inlets, street gutters and conduit systems. In general, the primary conveyance system should convey the design storm to the receiving waters with the maximum treatment and the minimum impact or inconvenience to the public.
b. Secondary Conveyance System: The secondary conveyance system shall be designed to accommodate the peak discharge of the design storm frequency in table 1 of this section. The secondary system conveys stormwater to the receiving waters after the capacity of the primary system has been exceeded. In general, the secondary conveyance system will convey the design storm to the receiving waters with some impacts and inconvenience to the public.
2. Hydraulic Capacity: Hydraulic capacity may be calculated by various acceptable methods for open channels and closed conduits such as Hazen-Williams formula, Darcy-Weisbach equation and Manning equation.
a. Open Channels: Velocities in open channels designed as conveyance system at design flow shall not be less than two feet (2') per second and not greater than the velocity, determined from channel conditions, to erode or scour the channel lining (generally 5 fps for an unlined channel). Supercritical velocities should be avoided.
b. Closed Conduits: Velocities in closed conduits at design flow shall be at least two feet (2') per second. They shall not be more than eight feet (8') per second, unless the conduit is designed for higher rates.
4. Energy Dissipaters: Energy dissipaters shall be provided when outflow velocity exceeds five feet (5') per second.
5. Catch Basins: Catch basin inlets shall be designed to accommodate the design flow.
6. Siphons: Cross drain siphons shall not be used.
G. Street Section (Gutter) Capacity: Street gutters shall provide stormwater conveyance up to their hydraulic capacity. Beyond that limit, subsurface piping or flow routing will be required to facilitate proper drainage. The minimum gutter grade shall be 0.4 percent.
1. Hydraulic Capacity: The hydraulic capacity of a street section to convey water can be calculated by the Manning equation in the following form as developed by Izzard:
Q | = | Discharge in cfs |
Z | = | 1/Sx where Sx is the cross slope of the pavement (generally 2 percent) |
d | = | Depth of water at face of curb (feet) |
S | = | Longitudinal grade of street |
n | = | Manning's roughness coefficient |
a. Primary System: During storm events less than or equal to the design storm for the primary system the street and gutter section may be used to convey water to a catchment with the following encroachments. If no curb exists, flow may not encroach onto adjacent property.
(1) Local streets: No curb overtopping, the flow may spread to the crown of the street, not to exceed at the crown of the roadway.
(2) Collector streets: No curb overtopping, the flow spread must leave at least one 10-foot lane free of water.
(3) Arterial streets: No curb overtopping, the flow spread must leave at least one 12-foot lane in each direction free of water.
b. Secondary System: During storm events with return frequencies of those of the secondary system the street and gutter section may be used to convey water to a catchment with the following inundation criteria:
(1) Local and collector streets: Buildings shall not be inundated. The depth of water over the gutter flow line shall not exceed twelve inches (12"), and shall not exceed six inches (6") at the roadway crown.
(2) Arterial streets: Buildings shall not be inundated. The depth of water at the roadway crown shall not exceed three inches (3").
3. Ponding Of Water: Ponding of water in the street section is not allowed.
4. Collector And Arterial Streets: Cross drain valley gutters are not allowed across collectors and arterial streets.
5. Street Grades: Mean velocities in the gutter at peak flows shall not exceed eight feet (8') per second. Excessive velocity shall be checked through diversion of runoff, drop inlet structures or redesign of the street.
6. Offset Crown And Super Elevated Streets: Offset crowns, super elevations, meandering crowns and "shed no crown" streets shall be designed so water does not flow from one gutter across the street when the streets are functioning as primary systems.
H. Criteria For Stormwater Retention/Detention:
1. Subdivisions, multilot developments:
a. Site Runoff: In general, stormwater runoff from developments shall be retained on the development site. In areas where a defined predevelopment discharge existed and the postdevelopment discharges are permitted by downstream owners and operators, off site, predevelopment discharge rates may be allowed if the downstream system has proven adequate capacity.
b. Location Of Stormwater Facilities: For systems receiving runoff from public streets, all stormwater facilities (including conveyance facilities) shall be located either in the public right of way, easements, or in a common area maintained by the developer or a homeowners' association into perpetuity. Private systems shall not be allowed within public right of way.
c. Roof Downspouts/Drains: Building downspouts shall not discharge onto public right of way.
2. Single lot developments:
a. Private commercial and industrial sites: All site generated stormwater and surface water shall be retained on site.
b. Residential: Site generated storm and surface water may be discharged into the public right of way if the existing system is within the right of way and has proven adequate capacity. This capacity may be proven with engineering calculations and approved by the city or if it can be shown that the lot drainage was included in the overall drainage for the development.
I. Retention/Detention Facilities:
1. General: The following criteria apply to both retention and detention facilities.
2. Multiuse: When possible, retention/detention facilities should be designed as open surface facilities for multiuse. If the facility is not designed for multiuse, it shall be fenced with a six foot (6') tall chainlink fence with gates as needed for maintenance and operations access.
3. Idaho Department Of Water Resources/Southwest District Health Department Requirements: Retention facilities which incorporate absorption trenches and subsurface infiltration elements for stormwater management shall conform to Idaho Code title 42, chapter 39, and to the Idaho department of water resources rules for waste disposal and injection wells.
a. Sand And Grease Traps: Flows into retention/detention facilities shall flow through an appropriately sized sand and grease trap. Maximum velocity through the sand and grease trap(s) shall be 0.5 feet per second.
b. Sediment Storage: Storage volumes required for design runoff volumes shall be increased by fifteen percent (15%) to accommodate sediment storage.
5. Absorption Designs: Any facility that allows water to percolate into the soil will be considered an absorption design. This includes both aboveground and belowground facilities. Facilities utilizing absorption designs shall not intercept the groundwater table. The bottom of the facility shall have a minimum three foot (3') vertical separation from the seasonal high groundwater or bedrock. The three foot (3') separation between the bottom of the facility and the seasonal high groundwater table shall contain a fine aggregate material to treat the water prior to entering the groundwater. The fine aggregate material shall meet the gradation requirements of ASTM C-33 sand. If best management practices approved by the city are utilized to pretreat the water prior to discharge into the absorption facility, the requirement for three feet (3') of fine aggregate may be reduced.
The seasonal high groundwater table elevation shall be established and used for the facility design. The elevation of the seasonal high groundwater table shall be determined from a monitoring well established at the facility site and monitored during the high groundwater season. If available, Southwest district health department groundwater records may be used to establish the probable highest groundwater elevation.
Alternatively, a site assessment of the area immediately around the proposed facility may be conducted by a licensed geologist or by a professional engineer, registered in the state. The site assessment shall include an evaluation of the soil strata to at least four feet (4') below the bottom of the proposed facility to determine if the probable maximum high groundwater elevation will encroach into the facility. A site assessment report shall be submitted to the city for review and approval. The report shall be stamped by the registered geologist or engineer. This elevation may be used as the groundwater elevation in lieu of data from monitoring wells monitored throughout a year.
Regardless of the method used in determining the groundwater elevation, the elevation shall be shown on the drawings.
If groundwater is encountered during construction of the facility at an elevation higher than that shown on the plans, the facility shall be redesigned to account for the higher elevation. Said redesign shall be approved by the city.
6. Maintenance And Operation:
a. M&O Manual: A plan for operation, maintenance and repair of the facility shall be prepared and submitted to the city for approval. The approved plan shall be provided to the parties responsible for maintenance and operation of the facility. Typically, the city shall be responsible for heavy maintenance and the homeowners' association is responsible for light maintenance.
b. Access: The facility shall be designed to allow access for maintenance and operation. This includes heavy equipment access, if required. Maintenance access roads must be a minimum of twelve feet (12') in width, must have an HS-25 load capacity and a minimum turning radius of thirty feet (30').
a. Multilot Developments: Stormwater retention/detention facilities including infiltration and percolation facilities shall be located in the public right of way or in common areas or easements owned and maintained by the developer or homeowners' association.
No street drainage facility will be allowed on any single- family or multi-family lot.
For facilities located in common areas, the developer and/or homeowners' association shall guarantee perpetual maintenance of the facility.
b. Single Lot Developments: Single lot developments may not accept additional off site drainage.
c. Easements: Detention/retention facilities not located in the public right of way must have a city drainage and access easements with no encroachments which would adversely affect drainage or operation and maintenance of the facility.
8. Design: Facilities shall be designed to accommodate the runoff from a design storm with a 100-year return frequency. Emergency overflows shall not be allowed into irrigation facilities without prior written permission from the owner and/or operator of the system and applicable regulatory agencies. Where applicable, facilities shall be designed with minimum twelve inch (12") freeboard above the high water mark.
a. In fill areas, the minimum top widths of all dams and embankments are listed below:
b. The design top elevation of all dams and embankments, after all settlement has taken place, shall equal or exceed the maximum water surface elevation in the basin. This is the routed hydrograph, plus the required freeboard height. The design height of the dam or embankment is defined as the vertical distance from the top down to the bottom of the deepest cut. It shall be increased by the amount needed to assure that the design will be maintained after settling. This increase shall not be less than five percent (5%). Where necessary, the engineer shall require consolidation tests of the undisturbed foundation soil to more accurately determine the necessary increase.
c. Maximum side slopes for all dams and embankments are three horizontal to one vertical (3:1) on the upstream or empoundment side and two horizontal to one vertical (2:1) on the downstream on outside, or as approved by the state water resources department.
d. All earth fill shall be free from brush, roots, and organic material that might decompose.
e. Cutoff walls are to be constructed along the dam or embankment centerline of impervious soil or concrete, piling, plastic sheeting or as approved by state water resources department.
f. Safety ledges shall be constructed on the side slopes of all wet detention basins having a permanent pool of water and deeper than five feet (5'). The ledges shall be four to six feet (4 - 6') in width and located about two and one-half to three feet (21/2 - 3') below and one to one and one-half feet (1 - 11/2') above the permanent water surface.
g. The fill material in all earth dams and embankments shall be compacted to at least ninety five percent (95%) of the maximum density obtained from density tests.
h. Embankments over six feet (6') shall be reviewed by the state department of water resources.
J. Retention Facilities: Retention facilities are designed to accept all the runoff from the site and retain the runoff until it infiltrates into the surrounding ground or evaporates.
1. Design Criteria: Retention facilities shall be designed to accommodate the runoff volume from the design storm as described in subsection E, "Runoff Volume", of this section, with allowance for sediment and freeboard as indicated in subsections I4 and I8 of this section, respectively.
1. Design: The design of any detention facility requires consideration of several factors, such as size of the basin; minimum freeboard depth; maximum allowable depth of temporary ponding; recurrence interval of the storm being considered; storm duration; timing of the inflow; allowable outflow rate; and the length of time water is allowed to remain in the facility. The design goal is to leave downstream areas with the same hydrology that existed before development.
Balancing the requirements is done through the development of three (3) items: an inflow hydrograph, a depth-storage relationship, and a depth-outflow relationship. These items are combined in a routing routine to get the outflow rate, depth of stored water, and volume of storage at any specific time, as the flood passes through the detention facility. The storm interval to be used is specified in table 1 of this section. The inflow/storage/outflow relationships shall be based on a storm duration that identifies a peak detention pond volume for the storm interval required. The design considerations and procedures are discussed in the following sections.
2. Inflow Hydrograph Procedures: Generally accepted procedures for determining the inflow hydrograph include the modified rational method and the SCS TR55 method. Other acceptable methods may be used. The design storm shall have a return frequency obtained from table 1 of this section.
3. Maximum Outflow Rate: Maximum outflow rate shall not be more than the predevelopment rate of runoff for each storm return interval. It shall account for the initial soil abstractions from the site. The receiving system must be shown to be capable of accommodating the design flow.
4. Computer Software Adaptations: Computer software adaptations of these calculations may be acceptable; provided, that their data and graphic printout allow review and evaluation.
5. General Structural Criteria: The following list of general structural criteria shall be used to design stormwater detention basins. Since each stormwater basin is unique and soil and other site conditions vary, these criteria may be modified at the discretion of the design engineer. The engineer must submit justifications for any variance in writing to the city for review and approval.
a. Principal Outlets Of Detention Facilities:
(1) To minimize the chance of clogging and to facilitate cleaning, outlet pipes shall be at least twelve inches (12") in diameter. If riser pipes are used, they shall be at least twelve inches (12") in diameter. Trash racks or antivortex devices may be required. All pipe joints are to be watertight.
(2) Antiseep cutoff walls, eight inches (8") thick, are to be installed along outlet pipes.
(3) Where necessary, a concrete cradle shall be provided for outlet pipes.
(4) All principal outlet structures shall be reinforced concrete. All construction joints are to be watertight.
(5) Suitable slope protection approved by the city shall be placed upstream and downstream of principal outlets as necessary to prevent scour and erosion. High velocity discharges (greater than 5 fps) require energy dissipaters.
(1) Emergency spillways, when required, shall be suitably lined and shall follow criteria contained in hydraulic circular no. 15.
(2) Maximum velocities in emergency spillways shall be checked by the design engineer, based on the velocity of the peak flow in the spillway resulting from the routed inflow/outflow hydrograph.
1. Design: In general, infiltration basins are designed to contain the design inflow without overflowing. The water in the basin infiltrates into the ground through a soil or sand layer.
Infiltration basins shall be designed to assure that the runoff from the design storm is retained such that more than ninety percent (90%) infiltrates into the ground within twenty four (24) hours of the storm event. Infiltration basins shall be off stream facilities and emergency overflows into irrigation facilities shall not be allowed without prior written permission from the owner/operator of the facility and applicable regulatory agencies.
2. Conditions Where Infiltration Facilities Are Not Allowed: There are several conditions that rule out a site as an infiltration facility. When the following conditions are likely, disposal of stormwater by infiltration is not recommended. A separate permit may be required by the state department of water resources when any of these conditions exist.
a. Seasonal high groundwater is less than three feet (3') below the infiltrating surface.
b. Bedrock or impervious soils are within three feet (3') of the infiltrating surface.
c. The infiltrating surface is on top of fill unless the fill is clean sand or gravel and demonstrates water quality degradation will be mitigated.
d. The surface and underlying soil are SCS hydrologic group C, or the saturated infiltration rate is less than 0.25 inches per hour.
e. The facility is located within one hundred feet (100') or within the zone of contribution of a known water well.
3. Infiltration Rates: Soil borings shall be taken at the basin sites to classify soil types. Infiltration rates shall be determined for design. A percolation test for the site specific soil conditions at the depth of the bed can be used. The table below presents typical infiltration rates. These values may be used based upon soil testing without an on site percolation test. In no event will a rate exceeding fifteen inches (15") per hour be allowed.
TABLE 3
INFILTRATION RATES
1. Minimum rate, soils with lesser rates should not be considered as candidates for infiltration facilities.
4. Sediment And Grease Traps: Properly sized standard sediment and grease traps shall be installed upstream of infiltration facilities. Maximum velocity shall be 0.5 fps.
5. Groundwater Elevations: Groundwater elevation shall be established in accordance with subsection I5 of this section. If groundwater is encountered during construction of the facility at an elevation higher than that shown on the plans, the facility shall be redesigned to account for the higher elevation.
M. Percolation Facilities:
1. Design: In general, percolation facilities are designed to contain the design inflow without overtopping. The water is stored within the effective subsurface pore volume and percolates into the ground.
Percolation facilities may be designed to contain the runoff from the design storm for a primary system if the facility has a positive outflow to a secondary system. If there is not a positive outflow to a secondary system, the percolation facility must be designed to accommodate the runoff from the design storm for a secondary system. Outflows or emergency outflows to irrigation facilities shall not be allowed without prior written permission of the owner/operator of the facility and applicable regulatory agencies.
The storage volume shall accommodate the design storm, plus fifteen percent (15%). The surface infiltration shall be calculated using the lower two-thirds (2/3) (excluding freeboard) at the sidewall area of the trench or the bottom area.
The facility shall have an approved filter fabric placed between the storage media and the surrounding soil.
Accepted engineering design formula shall be used in determining storage volumes and infiltration rates.
2. Conditions Where Percolation Facilities Are Not Allowed: There are several conditions that rule out a site for a percolation facility. If any of the conditions described in subsection L2 of this section exist, disposal of stormwater by percolation is not permitted.
3. Sediment And Grease Traps: Properly sized standard sediment and grease traps shall be installed upstream of the percolation facility. Maximum velocity shall be 0.5 fps.
4. Monitoring Well: Monitoring wells shall be installed at each percolation facility per DEQ standards.
5. Different Soil Strata Characteristics: Soil borings shall be taken at the trench sites to classify soil types. When the soil strata has different infiltration characteristics, the relative rate for that depth of soil shall be used. The infiltration rates described in subsection L3 of this section shall apply.
6. Materials: Table 4 of this section indicates the effective void volume for typical materials used in the infiltration bed. The design engineer may determine void volumes for other materials by laboratory analysis and submit them to the city for review.
TABLE 4
VOID VOLUME OF TYPICAL MATERIALS
| |
Blasted rock | 30 |
Uniform sized gravel (1
1/2") | 40 |
Graded gravel (3/4" minus) | 30 |
Sand | 25 |
Pit run gravel | 15 - 25 |
N. Erosion And Sediment Control: Erosion and sediment discharge from the development site must be minimized or eliminated both during construction and after the development is complete. Properly designed developments utilize ground covers, lined ditches, riprap, and underground piping systems to eliminate erosion and control sediment.
1. Construction Sites: Prior to the beginning of construction on any development site larger than five (5) acres, the developer or his representative must have a pollution prevention plan in place and must file a notice of intent (NOI) with the EPA, in accordance with NPDES (national pollutant discharge elimination system) requirements. The pollution prevention plan will include provisions for reducing sediment discharges from the construction site and tracking of mud onto roadways. A copy of this plan and the NOI shall be provided to the city prior to any site grading.
O. Irrigation And Drainage Facilities: In general, stormwater conveyance and storage facilities shall be separate and distinct from nonstorm systems such as irrigation, drainage and irrigation return flows. Existing nonstorm systems rerouted or piped through new developments shall not be located in the public right of way except at crossings. These systems should be located in individual easements. Approved discharges of storm drain facilities into nonstorm systems shall be at centralized, distinct locations. Stormwater system conveyance piping shall not be utilized for land drainage systems.
P. Design Specifications: This section sets forth the minimum standards, specifications, standard details, etc., to be used for the design of stormwater and drainage facilities. Except as modified herein, all work shall be in accordance with the current Idaho standards for public works construction (ISPWC).
1. Pipe Size: Pipe size shall be dictated by peak flow and hydraulic capacity. Minimum pipe size shall be twelve inch (12") diameter.
2. Discharge Pipes: All discharge pipes shall end in a precast concrete or corrugated metal end section or a cast in place concrete headwall. It may or may not have wingwalls and energy dissipaters as conditions require.
3. Materials: Storm sewers shall be constructed of materials specified in Idaho standards for public works construction (ISPWC).
4. Pipe Bedding: Pipe bedding shall be provided as specified in ISPWC.
5. Maintenance Easements: Maintenance easements shall be provided for access to stormwater facilities where those facilities are located outside the public right of way. The size of the easement shall be dictated by working needs. In general, the easement shall be twenty feet (20') wide or the area of the facility plus a ten foot (10') perimeter. They shall remain free of all encroachments and obstructions (including buildings and trees) which may adversely affect drainage or operation and maintenance of the facility.
Q. Catch Basins, Manholes, Sediment And Grease Traps:
1. Design: Inlets, catch basins and manholes shall be designed according to the latest edition of ISPWC.
2. Manhole Spacing: Manholes shall be provided at all intersections of two (2) or more pipes and at all locations where the pipe changes direction. Manhole spacing maximums shall be four hundred feet (400').
3. Manholes: Manholes shall be precast or cast in place concrete and watertight and comply with the ISPWC.
4. Precast Manhole Barrels, Cones And Bases: Precast manhole barrels, cones, and bases shall conform to ASTM C 478 with round rubber gasketed joints, conforming to ASTM C 923 or Ramnek (or equivalent) joint sealant.
5. Top Riser Section: The top riser section shall end less than one foot (1') below the finished grade. The manhole cover shall be flush with the finished grade.
6. Manholes Frames And Covers: Manhole frames and covers shall be cast iron conforming to specification ASTM A 48 class 30. They shall be suitable for HS-25 loading capacity. All storm drain manhole covers shall have a reinforced cast in place concrete collar, and the words "STORM DRAIN" or "SD" shall be cast integrally in the top of the cover.
7. Catch Basins: Catch basins shall be cast in place or precast and shall be watertight. Catch basin grates shall be steel capable of HS-25 loading with grate bars set at ninety degrees (90°) to curb face.
8. Sediment And Grease Traps: Cleanout lids shall be located within six feet (6') from the edge of the sidewalk on the edge of an HS-25 roadway or access and maintenance road.
R. Submission, Inspection, Certification Requirements:
1. Inspection Of Drain Facilities And Conveyances: The design engineer shall provide certification of inspection to the city of the storm drainage facilities for conformance to the plans.
In addition, the engineer shall provide certification that all irrigation and drainage water conveyances through a development have been continued through the development or the right to the conveyance has been released prior to final acceptance of the development.
2. Required Submissions To The City For Drainage Review:
Note: Review and approval by the city does not constitute a guarantee of project plans and calculations. The review is for the purpose of ensuring general conformance to city policies and requirements. The submitting design engineer is solely responsible for the design. All submissions to the city shall be stamped and signed by a professional engineer registered in the state.
a. Topographic survey of the development showing all drainage and irrigation water conveyance systems within the area encompassed by a line two hundred feet (200') outside the property line.
b. Peak flow calculations and peak flows.
c. Runoff volume calculations.
d. Plan and profile of new or modified drainage and irrigation water conveyance systems.
e. Plan, profile and calculations for stormwater retention or detention facilities.
f. Flood routing computations for the 100-year flood through any existing drainage conveyance systems.
g. Maintenance and operation manuals for stormwater facilities.
h. Infiltration rates where applicable.
i. Seasonal high groundwater table where applicable.
j. Soil classifications where applicable.
k. Flood routing of the 100-year storm to the ultimate drainage system.
l. Copies of associated permits and discharge agreements.
3. Postconstruction Submissions: Prior to final acceptance of the development, the following must be submitted to the city:
a. Record or as built drawing in electronic AutoCAD or DXF and hard copy form.
b. Engineer's storm drain inspection certificate.
c. Engineer's water conveyance certificate.
EXHIBIT A
Recommended "C" Coefficients For "Rational
Method Equation" Peak Rate Of Discharge
1. Statement Of Purpose: The purpose of this subsection is to promote the public health, safety and general welfare of the citizens of the city by ensuring that drainage swales utilized for draining public rights of way continue to accept, treat, and temporarily store storm drainage runoff as originally designed.
2. Applicability: The regulations of this subsection shall apply to the following subdivisions:
Bishop Ranch Subdivision(s).
Creekside Subdivision(s).
Fruitland 7th Street Commercial.
Paradise Estates Subdivision.
River Crest Estates Subdivision(s).
Syringa Springs Subdivision(s).
Any subdivision that was or is developed using swales as a water retention method.
3. Permits: Any person who desires to modify, alter, change, enlarge, expand, reduce, shrink, decrease or perform any work on a swale, shall first apply and obtain a permit in the manner set forth in this subsection.
a. Exception: No permit shall be required in the following circumstances:
(1) Work Undertaken By City: Work undertaken by the city or by contractors or agents acting for or on behalf of the city.
(2) Work Covered Under A Building Permit: Work covered under a building permit where the building permit allows work on the swale. Provided, however, all other requirements included in this subsection shall be met and considered a requirement of final acceptance by the city building official.
(3) Emergencies: Nothing in this subsection shall be construed to prevent any person from maintaining any swale, by virtue of any statute, ordinance, this subsection or a permit or from modifying a swale as may be necessary for the preservation of the life or property when an emergency exists; provided, that the person making the modification shall notify the public works supervisor (PWS) or the city clerk within one working day following the commencement of the emergency and obtain a permit.
4. Application For Permit: Any person required to obtain a permit shall, before commencing work, submit a fee and an application to the city clerk's office on a form prescribed and provided by the city which is consistent with this subsection.
5. Filing Of Application: Upon the filing of a completed application with the city clerk’s office, together with the required fees and supporting information, the PWS shall evaluate the application for conformance with the provisions of this subsection and all other applicable ordinances, specifications, standards and policies of the city. Within two (2) working days thereafter, the PWS shall either approve the application and issue a permit in accordance with this subsection or disapprove the application or request a conference with the applicant. If the application is disapproved, the PWS shall provide the applicant with a written statement of such disapproval, setting forth the reasons therefor.
6. Fee Schedule: The city, by resolution, may establish fees for the items covered by this subsection.
a. Issuance Of Permit: A permit, if approved by the PWS, shall be issued on a form consistent with this subsection as prescribed by the city.
b. License Conferred: The issuance of such a permit shall confer to the permittee the privilege of performing the work authorized in the permit, obligating the permittee to satisfactorily complete such authorized work within the time set forth in the permit and in compliance with the terms and conditions stated in the permit, and in accordance with this subsection, and all applicable ordinances, specifications, standards and policies of the city.
8. Indemnification: As a condition of the permit, permittee shall indemnify and save and hold the city and its employees and consultants harmless from and against all claims, demands, actions or judgments, for damages, injury or death, mechanics and other liens, arising out of the failure or neglect of permittee, permittee's employees, contractors and agents, to properly and reasonably perform work, or that otherwise results from the use and occupation of the street right of way by the permittee, and including any attorney fees and costs that may be incurred by the city, its employees or consultants in defense of such claims or any appeals therefrom.
9. Construction Standards For The Initial Dwelling Unit Construction: In addition to completing the swale in accordance with the original development plans, the following standards shall be met:
a. Implement best management practices during construction to protect and ensure the longevity of the swale. Examples include, but are not limited to, prohibiting construction vehicles from trespassing on the swale, prohibiting construction chemicals (drywall mud, concrete washout, paint, solvent, etc.) from entering the swale, and prohibiting the storage of construction materials within the swale.
b. Construct three feet (3') wide by six feet (6') long (horizontal) by six feet (6') deep, drainage windows within the low point of the swale. See figure 1 of this section.
c. At least one drainage window as described above shall be installed on each property fronting on a city street, with installation of additional drainage windows as may be required by the public works supervisor.
d. Install an underground pressurized irrigation sprinkler system as follows:
(1) The items herein contained are the performance specifications for the city. These are minimums only and may be increased or altered to fit particular situations.
(2) Irrigation systems within the swale shall conform to the specifications listed below. Areas specifically addressed are located between the detached sidewalk and the back of curb.
(3) Irrigation within these areas shall be designed and installed on a lot by lot basis. All swale irrigation shall be on a separate zone from the remainder of the residence to allow maximum flexibility of watering schedules.
(4) Historically, maximum water loss due to evapotranspiration is roughly 0.3 inch per day. Areas within the landscape only require the amount lost to evapotranspiration to be reintroduced to the plant material for plant survival. The city has established these guidelines as a way to aid the builder/homeowner in efficiently and effectively irrigating their property.
(5) Irrigation pipes installed within the swale shall be a minimum of eighteen inches (18") below finished surface, or six inches (6") below frost line, whichever is deeper, and bedded in pea gravel.
(6) Sprinkler system shall be designed at a maximum of five (5) gpm or less per sprinkler set/zone/valve.
(7) Applicant shall verify system pressure at each location for the purpose of verifying water demand relative to system design.
(8) System pressures between fifty (50) psi and eighty (80) psi are acceptable. Pressures below fifty (50) psi or above eighty (80) psi may require additional appurtenances for proper system function. Prior to installation, any such appurtenances shall be submitted to the PWS for examination and approval.
(9) All irrigation systems using potable water shall be equipped with a DCV (double check valve) or a RPBP (reduced pressure backflow preventer). Systems using only nonpotable water do not require backflow prevention devices. Such systems shall have absolutely no connection to the city potable water system.
e. Scarify bottom and sides of swale a minimum of four inches (4") deep prior to fine grading the swale.
f. Fine grade the swale to drain toward the drainage window.
g. Driveways crossing the swale shall be limited to twenty feet (20') wide. If greater than twenty feet (20') wide, the applicant shall submit engineered drawings detailing swale modification as necessary to address additional impervious area and to maintain original swale design capacity.
10. Construction Standards For Swale Modification After Dwelling Unit Is Constructed: If an applicant desires to modify an existing swale after the initial dwelling unit is constructed, applicant shall submit engineered drawings detailing swale modification as necessary to address any additional impervious area and to maintain original swale design capacity. Modifications include, but are not limited to, adding an additional approach, widening an existing approach, etc.
11. Maintenance Responsibilities: Lot owners shall be responsible for light maintenance of adjoining swales. Light maintenance includes removal of trash, routine mowing, watering, irrigation maintenance/repairs and replanting grass. The city shall be responsible for heavy maintenance. Heavy maintenance includes excavating (excluding excavating for sprinkler repair), adding additional drainage window, repairing drainage window components, adding additional curb inlets and clearing curb inlets.
12. Modified Swale: Any swale that has been modified in any manner such that it no longer exists as it was when it was engineered, designed, constructed or installed shall be allowed to remain as is, provided the swale properly accepts, treats, and temporarily stores storm drainage runoff as originally intended. If a modified swale does not conform to the original shape, does not include its original features or does not accept, treat or temporarily store water as it was designed to do, the city shall have the right to modify or repair the swale to ensure the swale can perform as it was originally intended.
13. Warranty: All work shall be warranted to be free from defects in workmanship or materials for a period of one year from the date the work is accepted by the city, and the permittee shall be responsible for any necessary maintenance or repair of any such work during the warranty period. In the event the permittee fails, neglects or refuses to perform any warranty work which has been brought to the attention of the permittee within the twelve (12) month period, the city may perform the work and seek reimbursement from the permittee.
14. Modification Or Revocation Of Permit: Any permit issued pursuant to the provisions of this subsection may be modified or revoked by order of the PWS in the event the circumstances under which the permit was originally issued shall have changed to such an extent that it would be in the best interests of the public and the city. In the event the permittee violates the permit, the PWS may revoke the permit immediately and without notice.
15. Enforcement: Any violation of this subsection shall be a misdemeanor, subject to penalty as provided in section
1-4-1 of this code. In addition, if it appears that any person has engaged or is about to engage in any act or practice violating any provision of this subsection, the city may institute a civil action in the district court to enjoin any action violating the provisions hereof. Without limiting the foregoing, the city may seek a judicial action to enforce compliance with this subsection. If a permittee is violating or if the city has reasonable cause to believe that a permittee is about to violate a permit, the city may terminate the permit and issue a stop work order. Also, the city may seek an order, a permanent or temporary injunction, restraining order, or such other relief as the city deems appropriate. In the event any such violation arises out of the refusal or failure or neglect to obtain a required permit or to enter into a license, easement or other agreement required by this subsection, then, in addition to the foregoing relief, the city shall be entitled to assess additional permit fees. In addition to the foregoing, the city shall be entitled to take any other action and seek any other remedy as may be permitted by law or in equity. (1984 Code § 6-4-6; amd. 2014 Code; Ord. 682, 5-10-2021)