Hales Corners City Zoning Code
ARTICLE VII
Post-Construction Stormwater Management
§ 445-7.1 Authority.
A.
This article is adopted by the Village of Hales Corners under the authority granted by § 61.354, Wis. Stats. This article supersedes all provisions of an ordinance previously enacted under § 61.35, Wis. Stats., that relate to stormwater management regulations. Except as otherwise specified in § 61.354, Wis. Stats., § 61.35, Wis. Stats., applies to this article and to any amendments to this article.
B.
The provisions of this article are deemed not to limit any other lawful regulatory powers of the same governing body.
C.
The Village of Hales Corners hereby designates the Zoning Administrator, or designee, as may be so designated by the Village Clerk or by the Village Board, to serve as necessary in the absence of the Zoning Administrator, from time to time, to administer and enforce the provisions of this article.
D.
The requirements of this article do not preempt more stringent erosion and sediment control and stormwater management requirements that may be imposed by any of the following:
(1)
Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources administrative rules, permits or approvals including those authorized under §§ 281.16 and 283.33, Wis. Stats.
(2)
Targeted nonagricultural performance standards promulgated in rules by the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources under § NR 151.004, Wis. Adm. Code.
§ 445-7.2 Findings of fact.
The Village of Hales Corners acknowledges that uncontrolled, post-construction runoff has a significant impact upon water resources and the health, safety and general welfare of the community and diminishes the public enjoyment and use of natural resources. Specifically, uncontrolled post-construction runoff can:
A.
Degrade physical stream habitat by increasing stream bank erosion, increasing streambed scour, diminishing groundwater recharge, diminishing stream base flows and increasing stream temperature.
B.
Diminish the capacity of lakes and streams to support fish, aquatic life, and recreational and water supply uses by increasing pollutant loading of sediment, suspended solids, nutrients, heavy metals, bacteria, pathogens and other urban pollutants.
C.
Alter wetland communities by changing wetland hydrology and by increasing pollutant loads.
D.
Reduce the quality of groundwater by increasing pollutant loading.
E.
Threaten public health, safety, property and general welfare by overtaxing storm sewers, drainageways, and other minor drainage facilities.
F.
Undermine floodplain management efforts by increasing the incidence and levels of flooding.
§ 445-7.3 Purpose and intent.
A.
Purpose. The general purpose of this article is to establish long-term, post-construction runoff management requirements that will diminish the threats to public health, safety, welfare and the aquatic environment. Specific purposes are to:
(1)
Further the maintenance of safe and healthful conditions.
(2)
Prevent and control the adverse effects of stormwater; prevent and control soil erosion; prevent and control water pollution; protect spawning grounds, fish and aquatic life; control building sites, placement of structures and land uses; preserve ground cover and scenic beauty; and promote sound economic growth.
(3)
Control exceedance of the safe capacity of existing drainage facilities and receiving water bodies; prevent undue channel erosion; and control increases in the scouring and transportation of particulate matter.
(4)
Minimize the amount of pollutants discharged from the separate storm sewer to protect the waters of the state.
B.
Intent. It is the intent of the Village Board that this article regulates post-construction stormwater discharges to waters of the state. This article may be applied on a site-by-site basis. The Village Board recognizes, however, that the preferred method of achieving the stormwater performance standards set forth in this article is through the preparation and implementation of comprehensive, systems-level stormwater management plans that cover hydrologic units, such as watersheds, on a municipal and regional scale. Such plans may prescribe regional stormwater devices, practices or systems, any of which may be designed to treat runoff from more than one site prior to discharge to waters of the state. Where such plans are in conformance with the performance standards developed under § 281.16, Wis. Stats., for regional stormwater management measures and have been approved by the Village Board, it is the intent of this article that the approved stormwater management plan be used to identify post-construction management measures acceptable for the community.
§ 445-7.4 Applicability and jurisdiction.
A.
Applicability.
(1)
Except as provided under Subsection A(2), this article applies to a post-construction site whereupon one acre or more of land-disturbing construction activity occurs during construction. (Note to users: The one-acre land-disturbance threshold is consistent with state and federal laws regarding applicability of construction site erosion control permits. The municipality may apply its ordinance to sites of less than one acre.)
(2)
A site that meets any of the criteria in this subsection is exempt from the requirements of this article:
(a)
A post-construction site with less than 10% connected imperviousness, based on the area of land disturbance, provided the cumulative area of all impervious surfaces is less than one acre. However, the exemption of this subsection does not include exemption from the protective area standard of this article.
(b)
Nonpoint discharges from agricultural facilities and practices.
(c)
Nonpoint discharges from silviculture activities.
(d)
Routine maintenance for project sites under five acres of land disturbance if performed to maintain the original line and grade, hydraulic capacity or original purpose of the facility.
(e)
Agricultural facilities and practices.
(f)
Underground utility construction, but not including the construction of any aboveground structures associated with utility construction.
(3)
Notwithstanding the applicability requirements in Subsection A(1), this article applies to post-construction sites of any size that, as determined by the Zoning Administrator or designee, are likely to result in runoff that exceeds the safe capacity of the existing drainage facilities or receiving body of water, causes undue channel erosion, or increases water pollution by scouring or the transportation of particulate matter.
B.
Jurisdiction. This article applies to post-construction sites in the Village of Hales Corners.
C.
Exclusions. This article is not applicable to activities conducted by a state agency, as defined under § 227.01(1), Wis. Stats.
§ 445-7.5 Definitions.
As used in this article, the following terms shall have the meanings indicated:
Maintenance of sufficient vegetation types and densities such that the physical integrity of the stream bank or lakeshore is preserved. Self-sustaining vegetative cover includes grasses, forbs, sedges and duff layers of fallen leaves and woody debris.
A governmental employee, or a regional planning commission empowered under § 61.354, Wis. Stats., that is designated by the Village of Hales Corners to administer this article.
Has the meaning given in § 281.16(1), Wis. Stats.
Those landscaped portions of a site where decomposed organic material has been incorporated into the soil to improve its performance for infiltration and vegetation, enabling the area to function as a vegetative control measure.
The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Atlas 14 Precipitation-Frequency Atlas of the United States, Volume 8 (Midwestern States), published in 2013.
A typical calendar year of precipitation as determined by the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources for users of models such as WinSLAMM, P8 or equivalent methodology. The average annual rainfall is chosen from a Department publication for the location closest to the municipality.
Structural or nonstructural measures, practices, techniques or devices employed to avoid or minimize sediment or pollutants carried in runoff to waters of the state and/or reduce peak flows.
An excavated area that is backfilled with a prepared or amended soil mixture, covered with a layer of mulch and planted with a diversity of woody or herbaceous vegetation, to which stormwater is directed to promote infiltration and evapotranspiration.
A day the office of the Zoning Administrator or designee is routinely and customarily open for business.
A court-issued order to halt land-disturbing construction activity that is being conducted without the required permit or in violation of a permit issued by the Village of Hales Corners.
A system for conveying both sanitary sewage and stormwater runoff.
An impervious surface that is directly connected to a separate storm sewer or water of the state via an impervious flow path.
A hypothetical discrete rainstorm characterized by a specific duration, temporal distribution, rainfall intensity, return frequency and total depth of rainfall.
Residential, commercial, industrial or institutional land uses and associated roads.
Wells, sinkholes, swallets, fractured bedrock at the surface, mine shafts, nonmetallic mines, tile inlets discharging to groundwater, quarries, or depressional groundwater recharge areas over shallow fractured bedrock.
Any lawful division of land, whether constituting a subdivision or a division by certified survey map, as defined and/or otherwise authorized under Ch. 236, Wis. Stats., and/or the Village Code, or such other division as may be allowed under the Village Code, if any, all of the foregoing statutes and codes, as amended from time to time.
The area of the infiltration system that is used to infiltrate runoff and does not include the area used for site access, berms, or pretreatment.
The process by which the land's surface is worn away by the action of wind, water, ice or gravity.
Waters listed in § NR 102.11, Wis. Adm. Code.
The unincorporated area within three miles of the corporate limits of a first, second, or third class city or within 1.5 miles of a fourth class city or village.
Soil that has at least a three-foot-deep layer with at least 20% fines; or at least a five-foot-deep layer with at least 10% fines; or an engineered soil with an equivalent level of protection as determined by the regulatory authority for the site.
All land-disturbing construction activities at the construction site have been completed and a uniform perennial vegetative cover has been established, with a density of at least 70% of the cover, for the unpaved areas and areas not covered by permanent structures, or employment of equivalent permanent stabilization measures.
[Amended at time of adoption of Code (see Ch. 1, General Provisions, Art. II)]
A performance bond, maintenance bond, surety bond, irrevocable letter of credit, or similar guarantees submitted to the Zoning Administrator or designee by the responsible party to assure that requirements of this article are carried out in compliance with the stormwater management plan.
The Village of Hales Corners Board of Trustees.
[Amended at time of adoption of Code (see Ch. 1, General Provisions, Art. II)]
An area that prevents rain, surface water runoff, or melting snow from infiltration into the ground below and releases as runoff all or a large portion of the precipitation that falls on it, except for frozen soil. Rooftops, sidewalks, driveways, parking lots and streets are examples of areas that typically are impervious.
An undeveloped area of land located within existing development. "Infill" means an undeveloped area of land located within an existing urban sewer service area, surrounded by development or development and natural or man-made features where development cannot occur.
The entry of precipitation or runoff into or through the soil.
A device or practice, such as a basin, trench, bioretention area, rain garden, swale, or permeable surfaces designed specifically to encourage infiltration, but does not include natural infiltration in pervious surfaces such as lawns, redirecting of rooftop downspouts onto lawns or minimal infiltration from practices, such as swales or roadside channels, designed for conveyance and pollutant removal only.
An area or surficial geologic feature subject to bedrock dissolution so that it is likely to provide a conduit to groundwater, and may include caves, enlarged fractures, mine features, exposed bedrock surfaces, sinkholes, springs, seeps or swallets.
Any man-made alteration of the land surface, resulting in a change in the topography or existing vegetative or nonvegetative soil cover, that may result in runoff and lead to an increase in soil erosion and movement of sediment into waters of the state. Land-disturbing construction activity includes clearing and grubbing, demolition, excavating, pit trench dewatering, filling and grading activities.
Any person holding fee title, an easement or other interest in property which allows the person to undertake cropping, livestock management, land-disturbing construction activity or maintenance of stormwater BMPs on the property.
A legal document that provides for long-term maintenance of stormwater management practices.
The highest level of performance that is achievable but is not equivalent to a performance standard identified in this article as determined in accordance with § 445-7.6 of this chapter.
Development resulting from the conversion of previously undeveloped land or agricultural land uses.
A specific precipitation distribution developed by the United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service, using precipitation data from Atlas 14.
Located outside the property boundary described in the permit application.
Located within the property boundary described in the permit application.
Has the meaning given in § NR 115.03(6), Wis. Adm. Code.
Waters listed in § NR 102.10, Wis. Adm. Code.
The percentage of a given sample of soil which passes through a No. 200 sieve.
A narrative or measurable number specifying the minimum acceptable outcome for a facility or practice.
A material or area and accompanying subsurface treatments designed and installed specifically to allow stormwater to penetrate into the material, thereby reducing the volume of stormwater runoff from the surfaced area. Permeable surfaces may include paver blocks, "grasscrete" or similar structural support materials, and permeable concrete or asphalt.
A written authorization made by the Zoning Administrator or designee to the applicant to conduct land-disturbing construction activity or to discharge post-construction runoff to waters of the state.
A sum of money paid to the Village of Hales Corners by the permit applicant for the purpose of recouping the expenses incurred by the authority in administering the permit.
An area that releases as runoff a small portion of the precipitation that falls on it. Lawns, gardens, parks, forests or other similar vegetated areas are examples of surfaces that typically are pervious.
Has the meaning given in § 283.01(13), Wis. Stats.
Has the meaning given in § 281.01(10), Wis. Stats.
A construction site following the completion of land-disturbing construction activity and final site stabilization.
The extent and distribution of land cover types present before the initiation of land-disturbing construction activity, assuming that all land uses prior to development activity are managed in an environmentally sound manner.
Has the meaning given in § NR 140.05(17), Wis. Adm. Code.
See § 445-7.8D(4)(a).
[Amended at time of adoption of Code (see Ch. 1, General Provisions, Art. II)]
Areas where development is replacing older development.
The landowner or any other entity performing services to meet the requirements of this article through a contract or other agreement.
Stormwater or precipitation, including rain, snow or ice melt or similar water, that moves on the land surface via sheet or channelized flow.
A conveyance or system of conveyances, including roads with drainage systems, streets, catch basins, curbs, gutters, ditches, constructed channels or storm drains, which meets all of the following criteria:
Activities including tree nursery operations, tree harvesting operations, reforestation, tree thinning, prescribed burning, and pest and fire control. Clearing and grubbing of an area of a construction site is not a silviculture activity.
The entire area included in the legal description of the land on which the land-disturbing construction activity occurred.
An order issued by the Zoning Administrator which requires that all construction activity on the site be stopped.
A comprehensive plan designed to reduce the discharge of pollutants from stormwater after the site has undergone final stabilization following completion of the construction activity.
A comprehensive plan designed to reduce the discharge of runoff and pollutants from hydrologic units on a regional or municipal scale.
A document that specifies design, predicted performance and operation and maintenance specifications for a material, device or method.
An edge, or point on the landscape, landward from the ordinary high-water mark of a surface water of the state, where the slope of the land begins to be less than 12% continually for at least 50 feet. If the slope of the land is 12% or less continually for the initial 50 feet landward from the ordinary high-water mark, the top of the channel is the ordinary high-water mark.
The amount of pollutants, specified as a function of one or more water quality parameters, that can be discharged per day into a water quality limited segment and still ensure attainment of the applicable water quality standard.
Technical Paper No. 40, Rainfall Frequency Atlas of the United States, published in 1961.
The United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service (previously Soil Conservation Service), Urban Hydrology for Small Watersheds, Second Edition, Technical Release 55, June 1986.
A highway, a railroad, a public mass transit facility, a public-use airport, a public trail or any other public work for transportation purposes such as harbor improvements under § 85.095(1)(b), Wis. Stats. "Transportation facility" does not include building sites for the construction of public buildings and buildings that are places of employment that are regulated by the Department of Natural Resources pursuant to § 281.33, Wis. Stats.
Total suspended solids.
A rainfall type curve as established in the United States Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service, Technical Paper 149, published 1973.
Includes those portions of Lake Michigan and Lake Superior within the boundaries of this state, and all lakes, bays, rivers, streams, springs, ponds, wells, impounding reservoirs, marshes, watercourses, drainage systems and other surface water or groundwater, natural or artificial, public or private, within this state or its jurisdiction.
The person or entity occupying the office of Zoning Administrator of the Village of Hales Corners or being authorized by the Village Clerk or the Village Board, in the absence of the Zoning Administrator, to perform the duties of the office of Zoning Administrator of the Village of Hales Corners.
§ 445-7.6 Applicability of maximum extent practicable.
Maximum extent practicable applies when a person who is subject to a performance standard of this article demonstrates to the Zoning Administrator's or designee's satisfaction that a performance standard is not achievable and that a lower level of performance is appropriate. In making the assertion that a performance standard is not achievable and that a level of performance different from the performance standard is the maximum extent practicable, the responsible party shall take into account the best available technology, cost effectiveness, geographic features, and other competing interests such as protection of public safety and welfare, protection of endangered and threatened resources, and preservation of historic properties.
§ 445-7.7 Technical standards.
The following methods shall be used in designing the water quality, peak discharge and infiltration components of stormwater practices needed to meet the water quality standards of this article:
A.
Consistent with the technical standards identified, developed or disseminated by the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources under Subch. V of Ch. NR 151, Wis. Adm. Code.
B.
Where technical standards have not been identified or developed by the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, other technical standards may be used, provided that the methods have been approved by the Zoning Administrator or designee.
C.
In this article, the following year and location have been selected as average annual rainfall(s): Milwaukee, 1969 (March 28 to December 6).
§ 445-7.8 Performance standards.
A.
Responsible party. The responsible party shall comply with this section.
B.
Stormwater management plan. A written stormwater management plan shall be developed in accordance with § 445-7.10 and implemented for each post-construction site.
C.
Maintenance of effort. For redevelopment sites where the redevelopment will be replacing older development that was subject to post-construction performance standards of Ch. NR 151, Wis. Adm. Code, in effect on or after October 1, 2004, the responsible party shall meet the total suspended solids reduction, peak flow control, infiltration, and protective areas standards applicable to the older development or meet the redevelopment standards of this article, whichever is more stringent.
D.
Requirements. The plan required under Subsection B shall include the following:
(1)
Total suspended solids. Best management practices shall be designed, installed and maintained to control total suspended solids carried in runoff from the post-construction site as follows: [Note to users: Under § 281.33(6)(a)2, Wis. Stats., the municipality may enact and enforce provisions of an ordinance that are stricter than the TSS performance standards in Ch. NR 151, Wis. Adm. Code, if the stricter provisions are necessary to comply with federally approved total maximum daily load requirements.]
(a)
Best management practices shall be designed in accordance with Table 1 or to the maximum extent practicable as provided in Subsection D(1)(b). The design shall be based on an average annual rainfall, as compared to no runoff management controls.
Table 1: TSS Reduction Standards | |
|---|---|
Development Type | TSS Reduction |
New development | 80% |
Infill development | 80% |
Redevelopment | 40% of load from parking areas and roads |
(b)
Maximum extent practicable. If the design cannot meet a total suspended solids reduction performance standard of Table 1, the stormwater management plan shall include a written, site-specific explanation of why the total suspended solids reduction performance standard cannot be met and why the total suspended solids load will be reduced only to the maximum extent practicable. (Note to users: Pollutant loading models such as DETPOND, WinSLAMM, P8 or equivalent methodology may be used to evaluate the efficiency of the design in reducing total suspended solids. Use the most recent version of the model and the rainfall files and other parameter files identified for Wisconsin users unless directed otherwise by the regulatory authority.)
(c)
Off-site drainage. When designing BMPs, runoff draining to the BMP from off site shall be taken into account in determining the treatment efficiency of the practice. Any impact on the efficiency shall be compensated for by increasing the size of the BMP accordingly.
(2)
Peak discharge.
(a)
By design, BMPs shall be employed to maintain or reduce the one-year, twenty-four-hour and the two-year, twenty-four-hour post-construction peak runoff discharge rates to the one-year, twenty-four-hour and the two-year, twenty-four-hour predevelopment peak runoff discharge rates, respectively, or to the maximum extent practicable. The runoff curve numbers in Table 2 shall be used to represent the actual predevelopment conditions. Peak discharges shall be calculated using TR-55 runoff curve number methodology, Atlas 14 precipitation depths, and the appropriate NRCS Wisconsin MSE3 or MSE4 precipitation distribution. On a case-by-case basis, the Zoning Administrator or designee may allow the use of TP-40 precipitation depths and the Type II distribution.
[Note to users: For determining compliance with the peak flow requirement, the Department recommends use of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Atlas 14 Precipitation Frequency Estimates for precipitation depth. The Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) – Wisconsin has calculated county-specific Atlas 14 precipitation depths, and they are to be used in combination with the appropriate NRCS MSE3 or MSE4 precipitation distribution. The NRCS-calculated county-specific Atlas 14 precipitation depths and MSE3 and MSE4 precipitation distributions are available at: http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/wi/technical/engineering/?cid=nrcs142p2_025417.]
Table 2: Maximum Predevelopment Runoff Curve Numbers | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Runoff Curve Number | Hydrologic Soil Group | |||
A | B | C | D | |
Woodland | 30 | 55 | 70 | 77 |
Grassland | 39 | 61 | 71 | 78 |
Cropland | 55 | 69 | 78 | 83 |
(Note to users: Where the predevelopment condition is a combination of woodland, grassland, or cropland, the runoff curve number should be prorated by area.) |
(b)
This subsection does not apply to any of the following:
[1]
A post-construction site where the discharge is directly into a lake over 5,000 acres or a stream or river segment draining more than 500 square miles.
[3]
An infill development area less than five acres.
(Note to users: The intent of the peak discharge standard is to minimize stream bank erosion, under bank-full conditions. For water quantity concerns, the post-development peak flow rate for the ten-, twenty-five-, fifty- and 100-year, twenty-four-hour storm events should also be controlled either at or below predevelopment discharge rates.) |
(3)
Infiltration.
(a)
Best management practices. Best management practices shall be designed, installed, and maintained to infiltrate runoff in accordance with the following or to the maximum extent practicable:
[1]
Low imperviousness. For development with up to 40% connected imperviousness, such as parks, cemeteries, and low-density residential development, infiltrate sufficient runoff volume so that the post-development infiltration volume shall be at least 90% of the predevelopment infiltration volume, based on an average annual rainfall. However, when designing appropriate infiltration systems to meet this requirement, no more than 1% of the post-construction site is required as an effective infiltration area.
[2]
Moderate imperviousness. For development with more than 40% and up to 80% connected imperviousness, such as medium- and high-density residential, multifamily development, industrial and institutional development, and office parks, infiltrate sufficient runoff volume so that the post-development infiltration volume shall be at least 75% of the predevelopment infiltration volume, based on an average annual rainfall. However, when designing appropriate infiltration systems to meet this requirement, no more than 2% of the post-construction site is required as an effective infiltration area.
[3]
High imperviousness. For development with more than 80% connected imperviousness, such as commercial strip malls, shopping centers, and commercial downtowns, infiltrate sufficient runoff volume so that the post-development infiltration volume shall be at least 60% of the predevelopment infiltration volume, based on an average annual rainfall. However, when designing appropriate infiltration systems to meet this requirement, no more than 2% of the post-construction site is required as an effective infiltration area.
(b)
Predevelopment. The predevelopment condition shall be the same as specified in Table 2 of Subsection D(2), Peak discharge, of this section.
(c)
Source areas.
[1]
Prohibitions. Runoff from the following areas may not be infiltrated and may not qualify as contributing to meeting the requirements of this section unless demonstrated to meet the conditions identified in Subsection D(3)(f):
[a]
Areas associated with a Tier 1 industrial facility identified in § NR 216.21(2)(a), Wis. Adm. Code, including storage, loading and parking. Rooftops may be infiltrated with the concurrence of the regulatory authority.
[b]
Storage and loading areas of a Tier 2 industrial facility identified in § NR 216.21(2)(b), Wis. Adm. Code.
(Note to users: Runoff from the employee and guest parking and rooftop areas of a Tier 2 facility may be infiltrated, but runoff from the parking area may require pretreatment.) |
[c]
Fueling and vehicle maintenance areas. Runoff from rooftops of fueling and vehicle maintenance areas may be infiltrated with the concurrence of the regulatory authority.
[2]
Exemptions. Runoff from the following areas may be credited toward meeting the requirement when infiltrated, but the decision to infiltrate runoff from these source areas is optional:
[a]
Parking areas and access roads less than 5,000 square feet for commercial development.
[b]
Parking areas and access roads less than 5,000 square feet for industrial development not subject to the prohibitions under Subsection D(3)(c)[1].
[d]
Infill development areas less than five acres.
[e]
Roads on commercial, industrial and institutional land uses and arterial residential roads.
(d)
Location of practices.
[1]
Prohibitions. Infiltration practices may not be located in the following areas:
[a]
Areas within 1,000 feet upgradient or within 100 feet downgradient of direct conduits to groundwater.
[b]
Areas within 400 feet of a community water system well as specified in § NR 811.16(4), Wis. Adm. Code, or within the separation distances listed in § NR 812.08, Wis. Adm. Code, for any private well or noncommunity well for runoff infiltrated from commercial, including multifamily residential, industrial and institutional land uses or regional devices for one- and two-family residential development.
[c]
Areas where contaminants of concern, as defined in § NR 720.03(2), Wis. Adm. Code, are present in the soil through which infiltration will occur.
[2]
Separation distances.
[a]
Infiltration practices shall be located so that the characteristics of the soil and the separation distance between the bottom of the infiltration system and the elevation of seasonal high groundwater or the top of bedrock are in accordance with Table 3:
Table 3: Separation Distances and Soil Characteristics | ||
|---|---|---|
Source Area | Separation Distance | Soil Characteristics |
Industrial, commercial and institutional parking lots and roads | 5 feet or more | Filtering layer |
Residential arterial roads | 5 feet or more | Filtering layer |
Roofs draining to subsurface infiltration practices | 1 foot or more | Native or engineered soil with particles finer than coarse sand |
Roofs draining to surface infiltration practices | Not applicable | Not applicable |
All other impervious source areas | 3 feet or more | Filtering layer |
[3]
Infiltration rate exemptions. Infiltration practices located in the following areas may be credited toward meeting the requirements under the following conditions, but the decision to infiltrate under these conditions is optional:
[a]
Where the infiltration rate of the soil measured at the proposed bottom of the infiltration system is less than 0.6 inch per hour using a scientifically credible field test method.
[b]
Where the least permeable soil horizon to five feet below the proposed bottom of the infiltration system using the U.S. Department of Agriculture method of soils analysis is one of the following: sandy clay loam, clay loam, silty clay loam, sandy clay, silty clay, or clay.
(e)
Alternate use. Where alternate uses of runoff are employed, such as for toilet flushing, laundry, or irrigation or storage on green roofs where an equivalent portion of the runoff is captured permanently by rooftop vegetation, such alternate use shall be given equal credit toward the infiltration volume required by this section.
(f)
Groundwater standards.
[1]
Infiltration systems designed in accordance with this section shall, to the extent technically and economically feasible, minimize the level of pollutants infiltrating to groundwater and shall maintain compliance with the preventive action limit at a point of standards application in accordance with Ch. NR 140, Wis. Adm. Code. However, if site-specific information indicates that compliance with a preventive action limit is not achievable, the infiltration BMP may not be installed or shall be modified to prevent infiltration to the maximum extent practicable.
[2]
Notwithstanding Subsection D(3)(f)[1], the discharge from BMPs shall remain below the enforcement standard at the point of standards application.
(g)
Pretreatment. Before infiltrating runoff, pretreatment shall be required for parking lot runoff and for runoff from new road construction in commercial, industrial and institutional areas that will enter an infiltration system. The pretreatment shall be designed to protect the infiltration system from clogging prior to scheduled maintenance and to protect groundwater quality in accordance with Subsection D(3)(f). Pretreatment options may include, but are not limited to, oil and grease separation, sedimentation, biofiltration, filtration, swales or filter strips.
(4)
Protective areas.
(a)
"Protective area" means an area of land that commences at the top of the channel of lakes, streams and rivers, or at the delineated boundary of wetlands, and that is the greatest of the following widths, as measured horizontally from the top of the channel or delineated wetland boundary to the closest impervious surface. However, in this subsection, "protective area" does not include any area of land adjacent to any stream enclosed within a pipe or culvert, such that runoff cannot enter the enclosure at this location.
[1]
For outstanding resource waters and exceptional resource waters, and for wetlands in areas of special natural resource interest as specified in § NR 103.04, Wis. Adm. Code, 75 feet.
[2]
For perennial and intermittent streams identified on a United States Geological Survey 7.5-minute series topographic map, or a county soil survey map, whichever is more current, 50 feet.
[3]
For lakes, 50 feet.
[5]
For highly susceptible wetlands, 75 feet. Highly susceptible wetlands include the following types: calcareous fens, sedge meadows, open and coniferous bogs, low prairies, coniferous swamps, lowland hardwood swamps, and ephemeral ponds.
[6]
For less susceptible wetlands, 10% of the average wetland width, but no less than 10 feet nor more than 30 feet. Less susceptible wetlands include degraded wetland dominated by invasive species such as reed canary grass; cultivated hydric soils; and any gravel pits, or dredged material or fill material disposal sites that take on the attributes of a wetland.
[7]
In Subsection D(4)(a)[4] through [6], determinations of the extent of the protective area adjacent to wetlands shall be made on the basis of the sensitivity and runoff susceptibility of the wetland in accordance with the standards and criteria in § NR 103.03, Wis. Adm. Code.
[8]
Wetland boundary delineation shall be made in accordance with § NR 103.08(1m), Wis. Adm. Code. This subsection does not apply to wetlands that have been completely filled in compliance with all applicable state and federal regulations. The protective area for wetlands that have been partially filled in compliance with all applicable state and federal regulations shall be measured from the wetland boundary delineation after a fill has been placed. Where there is a legally authorized wetland fill, the protective area standard need not be met in that location.
[9]
For concentrated flow channels with drainage areas greater than 130 acres, 10 feet.
[10]
Notwithstanding Subsection D(4)(a)[1] through [9], the greatest protective area width shall apply where rivers, streams, lakes and wetlands are contiguous.
(b)
Applicability. This subsection applies to post-construction sites located within a protective area, except those areas exempted pursuant to Subsection D(4)(d).
(c)
Requirements. The following requirements shall be met:
[1]
Impervious surfaces shall be kept out of the protective area to the maximum extent practicable. The stormwater management plan shall contain a written site-specific explanation for any parts of the protective area that are disturbed during construction. If there is no practical alternative to locating an impervious surface in the protective area, the stormwater management plan shall contain a written, site-specific explanation.
[2]
Where land-disturbing construction activity occurs within a protective area, and where no impervious surface is present, adequate sod or self-sustaining vegetative cover of 70% or greater shall be established and maintained. The adequate sod or self-sustaining vegetative cover shall be sufficient to provide for bank stability, maintenance of fish habitat and filtering of pollutants from upslope overland flow areas under sheet flow conditions. Nonvegetative materials, such as rock riprap, may be employed on the bank as necessary to prevent erosion, such as on steep slopes or where high-velocity flows occur. (Note to users: It is recommended that seeding of nonaggressive vegetative cover be used in the protective areas. Vegetation that is flood- and drought-tolerant and can provide long-term bank stability because of an extensive root system is preferable. Vegetative cover can be measured using the line transect method described in the University of Wisconsin Extension Publication Number A3533, titled "Estimating Residue Using the Line Transect Method.")
[3]
Best management practices such as filter strips, swales, or wet detention basins that are designed to control pollutants from nonpoint sources may be located in the protective area. (Note to users: Other regulations, such as Ch. 30, Wis. Stats., and Chs. NR 103, NR 115, NR 116 and NR 117, Wis. Adm. Code, and their associated review and approval process may apply in the protective area.)
(d)
Exemptions. This subsection does not apply to:
[1]
Redevelopment post-construction sites.
[2]
Infill development areas less than five acres.
[3]
Structures that cross or access surface waters such as boat landings, bridges and culverts.
[4]
Structures constructed in accordance with § 59.692(1v), Wis. Stats.
[5]
Areas of post-construction sites from which runoff does not enter the surface water, except to the extent that vegetative ground cover is necessary to maintain bank stability.
[Note to users: A vegetated protective area to filter runoff pollutants from post-construction sites described in Subsection D(5) is not necessary since runoff is not entering the surface water at that location. Other practices necessary to meet the requirements of this section, such as a swale or basin, will need to be designed and implemented to reduce runoff pollutants before the runoff enters a surface water of the state.] |
(5)
Fueling and vehicle maintenance areas. Fueling and vehicle maintenance areas shall, to the maximum extent practicable, have BMPs designed, installed and maintained to reduce petroleum within runoff, such that the runoff that enters waters of the state contains no visible petroleum sheen or to the maximum extent practicable. (Note to users: A combination of the following BMPs may be used: oil and grease separators, canopies, petroleum spill cleanup materials, or any other structural or nonstructural method of preventing or treating petroleum in runoff.)
(6)
Swale treatment for transportation facilities.
(a)
Applicability. Except as provided in Subsection D(6)(b), transportation facilities that use swales for runoff conveyance and pollutant removal meet all of the requirements of this section if the swales are designed to the maximum extent practicable to do all of the following:
[1]
Swales shall be vegetated. However, where appropriate, nonvegetative measures may be employed to prevent erosion or provide for runoff treatment, such as rock riprap stabilization or check dams. (Note to users: It is preferred that tall and dense vegetation be maintained within the swale due to its greater effectiveness at enhancing runoff pollutant removal.)
[2]
Swales shall comply with Sections VF (Velocity and Depth) and VG (Sale Geometry Criteria) with a swale treatment length as long as that specified in Section VC (Pre-Treatment) of the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources Technical Standard 1005, Vegetated Infiltration Swales, dated May 2007, or a superseding document. Transportation facility swale treatment does not have to comply with other sections of Technical Standard 1005. (Note to users: Check dams may be included in the swale design to slow runoff flows and improve pollutant removal. Transportation facilities with continuous features such as curb and gutter, sidewalks or parking lanes do not comply with the design requirements of this subsection. However, a limited amount of structural measures such as curb and gutter may be allowed as necessary to account for other concerns such as human safety or resource protection.)
(b)
Other requirements.
[1]
The Zoning Administrator or designee may, consistent with water quality standards, require other provisions of this section to be met on a transportation facility with an average daily travel of vehicles greater than 2,500 and where the initial surface water of the state that the runoff directly enters is any of the following:
[2]
The transportation facility authority shall contact the Zoning Administrator or designee to determine if additional BMPs beyond a water quality swale are needed under this subsection.
E.
General considerations for stormwater management measures. The following considerations shall be observed in managing runoff:
(1)
Natural topography and land cover features such as natural swales, natural depressions, native soil infiltrating capacity, and natural groundwater recharge areas shall be preserved and used, to the extent possible, to meet the requirements of this section.
(2)
Emergency overland flow for all stormwater facilities shall be provided to prevent exceeding the safe capacity of downstream drainage facilities and prevent endangerment of downstream property or public safety.
F.
Location of best management practices.
(1)
To comply with the performance standards required under this section, BMPs may be located on site or off site as part of a regional stormwater device, practice or system, but shall be installed in accordance with § NR 151.003, Wis. Adm. Code. (Note to users: This section does not supersede any other applicable federal, state or local regulation such as Ch. NR 103, Wis. Adm. Code, and Ch. 30, Wis. Stats.)
(2)
The Zoning Administrator or designee may approve off-site management measures, provided that all of the following conditions are met:
(a)
The Zoning Administrator or designee determines that the post-construction runoff is covered by a stormwater management system plan that is approved by the Village and that contains management requirements consistent with the purpose and intent of this article.
(b)
The off-site facility meets all of the following conditions:
[1]
The facility is in place.
[2]
The facility is designed and adequately sized to provide a level of stormwater control equal to or greater than that which would be afforded by on-site practices meeting the performance standards of this article.
[3]
The facility has a legally obligated entity responsible for its long-term operation and maintenance.
(3)
Where a regional treatment option exists such that the Zoning Administrator or designee exempts the applicant from all or part of the minimum on-site stormwater management requirements, the applicant shall be required to pay a fee in an amount determined in negotiation with the Zoning Administrator or designee. In determining the fee for post-construction runoff, the Zoning Administrator or designee shall consider an equitable distribution of the cost for land, engineering design, construction, and maintenance of the regional treatment option.
G.
Additional requirements. The Zoning Administrator or designee may establish stormwater management requirements more stringent than those set forth in this article if the Zoning Administrator or designee determines that the requirements are needed to control stormwater quantity or control flooding, comply with federally approved total maximum daily load requirements, or control pollutants associated with existing development or redevelopment.
§ 445-7.9 Permitting requirements, procedures and fees.
A.
Permit required. No responsible party may undertake a land-disturbing construction activity without receiving a post-construction runoff permit from the Zoning Administrator prior to commencing the proposed activity.
B.
Permit application and fees. Unless specifically excluded by this article, any responsible party desiring a permit shall submit to the Zoning Administrator or designee a permit application made on a form provided by the Zoning Administrator or designee for that purpose.
(1)
Unless otherwise excepted by this article, a permit application must be accompanied by a stormwater management plan, a maintenance agreement and a nonrefundable permit administration fee.
(2)
The stormwater management plan shall be prepared to meet the requirements of §§ 445-7.8 and 445-7.10, the maintenance agreement shall be prepared to meet the requirements of § 445-7.11, the financial guarantee shall meet the requirements of § 445-7.12, and fees shall be those established by the Village of Hales Corners as set forth in § 445-7.13.
C.
Permit application review and approval. The Zoning Administrator or designee shall review any permit application that is submitted with a stormwater management plan, maintenance agreement, and the required fee. The following approval procedure shall be used:
(1)
Within five business days of the receipt of a complete permit application, including all items as required by Subsection B, the Zoning Administrator or designee shall inform the applicant whether the application, plan and maintenance agreement are approved or disapproved based on the requirements of this article.
(2)
If the stormwater permit application, plan and maintenance agreement are approved, or if an agreed upon payment of fees in lieu of stormwater management practices is made, the Zoning Administrator or designee shall issue the permit.
(3)
If the stormwater permit application, plan or maintenance agreement is disapproved, the Zoning Administrator or designee shall detail, in writing, the reasons for disapproval.
(4)
The Zoning Administrator or designee may request additional information from the applicant. If additional information is submitted, the Zoning Administrator or designee shall have five business days from the date the additional information is received to inform the applicant that the plan and maintenance agreement are either approved or disapproved.
(5)
Failure by the Zoning Administrator or designee to inform the permit applicant of a decision within five business days of a required submittal shall be deemed to mean approval of the submittal, and the applicant may proceed as if a permit had been issued.
D.
Permit requirements. All permits issued under this article shall be subject to the following conditions, and holders of permits issued under this article shall be deemed to have accepted these conditions. The Zoning Administrator or designee may suspend or revoke a permit for violation of a permit condition, following written notification of the responsible party. An action by the Zoning Administrator or designee to suspend or revoke this permit may be appealed in accordance with § 445-7.16.
(1)
Compliance with this permit does not relieve the responsible party of the responsibility to comply with other applicable federal, state, and local laws and regulations.
(2)
The responsible party shall design and install all structural and nonstructural stormwater management measures in accordance with the approved stormwater management plan and this permit.
(3)
The responsible party shall notify the Zoning Administrator or designee at least five business days before commencing any work in conjunction with the stormwater management plan and within five business days upon completion of the stormwater management practices. If required as a special condition under Subsection E, the responsible party shall make additional notification according to a schedule set forth by the Zoning Administrator or designee so that practice installations can be inspected during construction.
(4)
Practice installations required as part of this article shall be certified "as-built" by a licensed professional engineer. Completed stormwater management practices must pass a final inspection by the Zoning Administrator or designee to determine if they are in accordance with the approved stormwater management plan and this article. The Zoning Administrator or designee shall notify the responsible party, in writing, of any changes required in such practices to bring them into compliance with the conditions of this permit.
(5)
The responsible party shall notify the Zoning Administrator or designee of any significant modifications it intends to make to an approved stormwater management plan. The Zoning Administrator or designee may require that the proposed modifications be submitted to it for approval prior to incorporation into the stormwater management plan and execution by the responsible party.
(6)
The responsible party shall maintain all stormwater management practices in accordance with the stormwater management plan until the practices either become the responsibility of the Village of Hales Corners or are transferred to subsequent private owners as specified in the approved maintenance agreement.
(7)
The responsible party authorizes the Zoning Administrator or designee to perform any work or operations necessary to bring stormwater management measures into conformance with the approved stormwater management plan and consents to a special assessment or charge against the property as authorized under Subch. VII of Ch. 66, Wis. Stats., or to charging such costs against the financial guarantee posted under § 445-7.12.
(8)
If so directed by the Zoning Administrator or designee, the responsible party shall repair at the responsible party's own expense all damage to adjoining municipal facilities and drainageways caused by runoff, where such damage is caused by activities that are not in compliance with the approved stormwater management plan.
(9)
The responsible party shall permit property access to the Zoning Administrator or designee for the purpose of inspecting the property for compliance with the approved stormwater management plan and this permit.
(10)
Where site development or redevelopment involves changes in direction, increases in peak rate and/or total volume of runoff from a site, the Zoning Administrator or designee may require the responsible party to make appropriate legal arrangements with affected property owners concerning the prevention of endangerment to property or public safety.
§ 445-7.10 Stormwater management plan.
A.
Stormwater management plan requirements. The stormwater management plan required under § 445-7.8B shall contain at a minimum the following information:
(1)
Name, address, and telephone number for the following or their designees: landowner; developer; project engineer for practice design and certification; person(s) responsible for installation of stormwater management practices; and person(s) responsible for maintenance of stormwater management practices prior to the transfer, if any, of maintenance responsibility to another party.
(2)
A proper legal description of the property proposed to be developed, referenced to the U.S. Public Land Survey system or to block and lot numbers within a recorded land subdivision plat.
(3)
Predevelopment site conditions, including:
(a)
One or more site maps at a scale of not less than one inch equals 40 feet. The site maps shall show the following: site location and legal property description; predominant soil types and hydrologic soil groups; existing cover type and condition; topographic contours of the site at a scale not to exceed two feet; topography and drainage network, including enough of the contiguous properties to show runoff patterns onto, through, and from the site; watercourses that may affect or be affected by runoff from the site; flow path and direction for all stormwater conveyance sections; watershed boundaries used in hydrology determinations to show compliance with performance standards; lakes, streams, wetlands, channels, ditches, and other watercourses on and immediately adjacent to the site; limits of the 100-year floodplain; and location of wells and wellhead protection areas covering the project area and delineated pursuant to § NR 811.16, Wis. Adm. Code.
(b)
Hydrology and pollutant loading computations as needed to show compliance with performance standards. All major assumptions used in developing input parameters shall be clearly stated. The geographic areas used in making the calculations shall be clearly cross-referenced to the required map(s).
(4)
Post-development site conditions, including:
(a)
Explanation of the provisions to preserve and use natural topography and land cover features to minimize changes in peak flow runoff rates and volumes to surface waters and wetlands.
(b)
Explanation of any restrictions on stormwater management measures in the development area imposed by wellhead protection plans and ordinances.
(c)
One or more site maps at a scale of not less than one inch equals 40 feet, showing the following: post-construction pervious areas, including vegetative cover type and condition; impervious surfaces, including all buildings, structures, and pavement; post-construction topographic contours of the site at a scale not to exceed two feet; post-construction drainage network, including enough of the contiguous properties to show runoff patterns onto, through, and from the site; locations and dimensions of drainage easements; locations of maintenance easements specified in the maintenance agreement; flow path and direction for all stormwater conveyance sections; location and type of all stormwater management conveyance and treatment practices, including the on-site and off-site tributary drainage area; location and type of conveyance system that will carry runoff from the drainage and treatment practices to the nearest adequate outlet, such as a curbed street, storm drain, or natural drainageway; watershed boundaries used in hydrology and pollutant loading calculations; and any changes to lakes, streams, wetlands, channels, ditches, and other watercourses on and immediately adjacent to the site.
(d)
Hydrology and pollutant loading computations as needed to show compliance with performance standards. The computations shall be made for each discharge point in the development, and the geographic areas used in making the calculations shall be clearly cross-referenced to the required map(s).
(e)
Results of investigations of soils and groundwater required for the placement and design of stormwater management measures.
(f)
Detailed drawings, including cross-sections and profiles of all permanent stormwater conveyance and treatment practices.
(5)
A description and installation schedule for the stormwater management practices needed to meet the performance standards in § 445-7.8.
(6)
A maintenance plan developed for the life of each stormwater management practice, including the required maintenance activities and maintenance activity schedule.
(7)
Cost estimates for the construction, operation, and maintenance of each stormwater management practice.
(8)
Other information requested, in writing, by the Zoning Administrator or designee to determine compliance of the proposed stormwater management measures with the provisions of this article.
(9)
All site investigations, plans, designs, computations, and drawings shall be certified by a licensed professional engineer to be prepared in accordance with accepted engineering practice and requirements of this article.
§ 445-7.11 Maintenance agreement.
A.
Maintenance agreement required. The maintenance agreement required under § 445-7.9B for stormwater management practices shall be an agreement between the Village of Hales Corners and the responsible party to provide for maintenance of stormwater practices beyond the duration period of this permit. The maintenance agreement shall be filed with the County Register of Deeds as a property deed restriction so that it is binding upon all subsequent owners of the land served by the stormwater management practices.
B.
Agreement provisions. The maintenance agreement shall contain the following information and provisions and be consistent with the maintenance plan required by § 445-7.10A(6):
(1)
Identification of the stormwater facilities and designation of the drainage area served by the facilities.
(2)
A schedule for regular maintenance of each aspect of the stormwater management system consistent with the stormwater management plan required under § 445-7.9B.
(3)
Identification of the responsible party(s), organization or city, county, town or village responsible for long-term maintenance of the stormwater management practices identified in the stormwater management plan required under § 445-7.9B.
(4)
Requirement that the responsible party(ies), organization, or city, county, town or village shall maintain stormwater management practices in accordance with the schedule included in Subsection B(2).
(5)
Authorization for the Zoning Administrator or designee to access the property to conduct inspections of stormwater management practices as necessary to ascertain that the practices are being maintained and operated in accordance with the agreement.
(6)
A requirement on the Zoning Administrator or designee to maintain public records of the results of the site inspections, to inform the responsible party responsible for maintenance of the inspection results, and to specifically indicate any corrective actions required to bring the stormwater management practice into proper working condition.
(7)
Agreement that the party designated under Subsection B(3) as responsible for long-term maintenance of the stormwater management practices shall be notified by the Zoning Administrator or designee of maintenance problems which require correction. The specified corrective actions shall be undertaken within a reasonable time frame as set by the Zoning Administrator or designee.
(8)
Authorization for the Zoning Administrator or designee to perform the corrected actions identified in the inspection report if the responsible party designated under Subsection B(3) does not make the required corrections in the specified time period. The Zoning Administrator or designee shall enter the amount due on the tax rolls and collect the money as a special charge against the property pursuant to Subch. VI of Ch. 66, Wis. Stats.
§ 445-7.12 Financial guarantee.
A.
Establishment of the guarantee. The Zoning Administrator or designee may require the submittal of a financial guarantee, the form and type of which shall be acceptable to the Zoning Administrator or designee. The financial guarantee shall be in an amount determined by the Zoning Administrator or designee to be the estimated cost of construction and the estimated cost of maintenance of the stormwater management practices during the period which the designated party in the maintenance agreement has maintenance responsibility. The financial guarantee shall give the Village of Hales Corners the authorization to use the funds to complete the stormwater management practices if the responsible party defaults or does not properly implement the approved stormwater management plan, upon written notice to the responsible party by the Zoning Administrator or designee that the requirements of this article have not been met.
B.
Conditions for release. Conditions for the release of the financial guarantee are as follows:
(1)
The Zoning Administrator or designee shall release the portion of the financial guarantee established under this section, less any costs incurred by the Village of Hales Corners to complete installation of practices, upon submission of as-built plans by a licensed professional engineer. The Zoning Administrator or designee may make provisions for a partial pro rata release of the financial guarantee based on the completion of various development stages.
(2)
The Zoning Administrator or designee shall release the portion of the financial guarantee established under this section to assure maintenance of stormwater practices, less any costs incurred by the Village of Hales Corners, at such time that the responsibility for practice maintenance is passed on to another entity via an approved maintenance agreement.
§ 445-7.13 Fee schedule.
The fees referred to in other sections of this article shall be established by the Village of Hales Corners and may from time to time be modified by resolution. A schedule of the fees established by the Village of Hales Corners shall be available for review in the office of the Village Clerk.
§ 445-7.14 Inspection.
If land-disturbing construction activities are being carried out without an erosion control permit required by this article, the Zoning Administrator or designee may enter the land pursuant to the provisions of § 66.0119(1), (2), and (3), Wis. Stats.
§ 445-7.15 Enforcement; violations and penalties.
A.
Any land-disturbing construction activity or post-construction runoff initiated after the effective date of this article by any person, firm, association, or corporation subject to the provisions of this article shall be deemed a violation unless conducted in accordance with the requirements of this article.
B.
The Zoning Administrator or designee shall notify the responsible party by certified mail of any noncomplying land-disturbing construction activity or post-construction runoff. The notice shall describe the nature of the violation, remedial actions needed, a schedule for remedial action, and additional enforcement action which may be taken.
C.
Upon receipt of written notification from the Zoning Administrator or designee under Subsection B, the responsible party shall correct work that does not comply with the stormwater management plan or other provisions of this permit. The responsible party shall make corrections as necessary to meet the specifications and schedule set forth by the Zoning Administrator or designee in the notice.
D.
If the violations of a permit issued pursuant to this article are likely to result in damage to properties, public facilities, or waters of the state, the Zoning Administrator or designee may enter the land and take emergency actions necessary to prevent such damage. The costs incurred by the Zoning Administrator or designee, plus interest and legal costs, shall be billed to the responsible party.
E.
The Zoning Administrator or designee is authorized to post a stop-work order on all land-disturbing construction activity that is in violation of this article or to request the Village Attorney to obtain a cease and desist order in any court with jurisdiction.
F.
The Zoning Administrator or designee may revoke a permit issued under this article for noncompliance with ordinance provisions.
G.
Any permit revocation, stop-work order, or cease and desist order shall remain in effect unless retracted by the Zoning Administrator or designee or by a court with jurisdiction.
H.
The Zoning Administrator or designee is authorized to refer any violation of this article, or of a stop-work order or cease and desist order issued pursuant to this article, to the Village Attorney for the commencement of further legal proceedings in any court with jurisdiction.
I.
Forfeiture. Any person, firm, association, or corporation who or which does not comply with the provisions of this article shall be subject to a forfeiture of not less than $50 nor more than $500 per offense, together with the costs of prosecution. Each day that the violation exists shall constitute a separate offense.
J.
Injunctive relief. Compliance with the provisions of this article may also be enforced by injunction in any court with jurisdiction, as authorized pursuant to § 61.354, Wis. Stats. It shall not be necessary to prosecute for forfeiture or a cease and desist order before resorting to injunctional proceedings. [Note to users: Injunctional orders are authorized pursuant to § 59.69(11), 61.35, or 62.23(8), Wis. Stats., for counties, villages and towns with village powers, and cities, respectively.]
K.
Abatement relief. When the Zoning Administrator or designee determines that the holder of a permit issued pursuant to this article has failed to follow practices set forth in the stormwater management plan, or has failed to comply with schedules set forth in said stormwater management plan, or has failed to follow the practices set forth in the erosion and sediment control plan, the Zoning Administrator or designee, or a party designated by the Zoning Administrator or designee, may enter upon the land and perform the work or other operations necessary to bring the condition of said lands into conformance with requirements of the approved plan(s). The Zoning Administrator or designee shall keep a detailed accounting of the costs and expenses of performing this work. These costs and expenses shall be deducted from any financial security posted pursuant to § 445-7.12 of this chapter. Where such a security has not been established, or where such a security is insufficient to cover these costs, the costs and expenses shall be entered on the tax roll as a special charge against the property and collected with any other taxes levied thereon for the year in which the work is completed.
§ 445-7.16 Appeals.
A.
Board of Appeals. The Board of Appeals shall hear and decide appeals where it is alleged that there is error in any order, decision or determination made by the Zoning Administrator or designee in administering this article, except for cease and desist orders obtained under § 445-7.15 of this article. The Board shall also use the rules, procedures, duties, and powers authorized by statute in hearing and deciding appeals. Upon appeal, the Board may authorize variances from the provisions of this article that are not contrary to the public interest, and where owing to special conditions a literal enforcement of this article will result in unnecessary hardship.
B.
Who may appeal. Appeals to the Board of Appeals may be taken by any aggrieved person or by an officer, department, board, or bureau of the Village of Hales Corners affected by any decision of the Zoning Administrator or designee.