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Hampton City Zoning Code

CHAPTER 11

PARKING

Sec. 11-1.- Purpose.

This chapter establishes the minimum standards for vehicular parking, loading, and service areas. The provisions in this chapter apply to all types of new development, redevelopment, expansions of existing uses, and changes in use. The minimum standards required by this chapter shall apply unless alternate minimum parking standards and/or parking credits are applicable and approved by the zoning administrator. When considering the appropriateness of applying alternate minimum parking standards and/or parking credits, the zoning administrator shall consult with appropriate city departments (i.e. public works, planning, police, fire, etc.) to insure such decisions are in the best interest of the health, safety, and public welfare of the community and consistent with goals and objectives adopted in the City of Hampton comprehensive plan. These standards ensure the adequate and safe provision of parking to support various types of land uses. In addition, these standards contribute to the reduction of potential detrimental impacts to adjoining properties, enhance pedestrian access and connections, reduce stormwater impacts, and minimize excessive parking and the associated environmental impacts.

Sec. 11-2. - Parking spaces required.

Along with means of ingress and egress, uses permitted by the zoning ordinance shall provide on-site a minimum number of permanently maintained parking spaces as required in Tables 11-2.1 through 11-2.5; Required Minimum and Maximum Parking unless parking credits are granted pursuant to section 11-8 below, or alternate parking provisions are specified in other chapters of this ordinance which shall govern the required parking. In addition, all uses shall provide parking spaces that are accessible to the associated use according to the Uniform Statewide Building Code and meet access standards established in the Virginia Statewide Fire Prevention Code. Uses requiring a use permit may be required to vary from these standards due to the specific conditions of the development. Such variation shall be in the form of a condition recommended by the zoning administrator and adopted by city council. Minimum and maximum parking standards for uses not specifically listed in this chapter shall be determined by the zoning administrator based upon the minimum and maximum parking requirements of the closest comparable use for which a standard is specified.

Table 11-2.1: Required Minimum and Maximum Parking
Use Group: Automobile Bicycle
Residential Min. Max.
Single-family detached 2 spaces per housekeeping unit NA NA
Accessory dwelling 1 space in addition to
required parking for the
principal dwelling 		NA NA
Two-family or duplex 2 spaces per housekeeping unit NA NA
Multi-family (apartment, townhouse, condominium, or other arrangement of attached units not otherwise specified) For one bedroom units: 1 space 1.5 spaces 1 space for each 50
automobile
spaces
required
For two bedroom units: 1.5 spaces 2.0 spaces
For three or more bedroom units: 2 spaces 2.25 spaces
In addition (regardless of the mix of unit type and size), guest parking shall be provided at a ratio of 1 space per 5 dwelling units. Guest parking shall be located in an area or areas commonly accessible to all units. 1 space per 4
dwelling units
Dormitories or residence halls For one bedroom units: 1 space 1.5 spaces 1 space per 3 students
For two bedroom units: 1.5 spaces 2.0 spaces
For three or more bedroom units: 2 spaces 2.25 spaces
In addition (regardless of the mix of unit type and size), guest parking shall be provided at the ratio of 1 space per 5 dwelling units. Guest parking shall be located in an area or areas commonly accessible to all units. 1 space per 4
dwelling units
Rooming house, lodging house, fraternity/sorority house, tourist home or B&B 1 space per 2 bedrooms 1 space per bedroom NA
Senior adult housing—Independent living 1 space per 2 units plus one space per employee 1 space per 1.5 units plus one space per employee 1 space for each 50 automobile spaces required
Nursing home or convalescent home 1 space per 4 beds plus 1 space per employee 1 space per 3 beds plus 1 space per
employee 		1 space for each 50 automobile spaces required
Adult Care Residence, Group Home, or Juvenile Residence 1 space per every 3 beds plus 1 space per employee 1 space per every 2 beds plus 1 space per employee 1 space for each 50 automobile spaces required
Continuing Care Retirement Community (contains multiple elements of independent living, assisted living and convalescent care in one campus/complex) Minimum parking shall be calculated based upon the sum of the parking requirements (specified in this table) for each component of the complex Sum of the maximum requirements of the individual components of the complex 1 space for each 50 automobile spaces required

 

Table 11-2.2: Required Minimum and Maximum Parking
Use Group: Automobile Bicycle
Public/Semi-Public Use and Community Facilities Min. Max.
Auditoriums, gymnasiums, religious facilities, and other places of assembly not otherwise listed 1 space per 4 seats in the largest
assembly hall 		1 space per 3 seats in the largest
assembly hall 		1 space for each 50 automobile spaces required
Movie theater 1 space per 4 seats 1 space per 3 seats 1 space for each 50 automobile spaces required
Club or lodge 1 space per 200 sq. ft. of floor area 1 space per 150 sq. feet of floor area 1 space for each 50 automobile spaces required
Elementary school or middle school 1.5 spaces per classroom 2.0 spaces per classroom Equal to 10% of the student capacity
High school 5 spaces per classroom 6.5 spaces per
classroom 		Equal to 10% of the student capacity
College, business school, or vocational school 6 spaces per classroom 7.5 spaces per
classroom 		Equal to 6% of the classroom capacity of each building
Library or museum 1 space per 300 sq. ft. of display area 1 space per 250 sq. ft. of display area 1 space for each 50 automobile spaces required
Convention center 1 space per 3 seats in the largest assembly hall plus 1 space per 400 sq. ft. of
exhibit hall space 		1 space per 2.5 seats in the largest assembly hall plus 1 space per 300 sq. ft. of
exhibit hall space 		1 space for each 50 automobile spaces required
Live performance theater or music hall 1 space per 3 seats 1 space per 2.5 seats 1 space for each 50 automobile spaces required
Stadium and arenas 1 space per 3 seats 1 space per 2.5 seats 1 space for each 50 automobile spaces required
Hospital 1 space per 2 beds plus 1 space per 400 square feet of reception, administration, diagnostic, surgical, and
outpatient space 		1 space per bed plus 1 space per 300 sq. ft. of reception, administration, lab, diagnostic, surgical and outpatient space 1 space for each 50 automobile spaces required
Public facilities, community centers, neighborhood facilities, and recreational facilities 1 space per 500 sq. ft. of floor area plus 1 space per 3 seats for each place of assembly within the facility 1 space per 400 sq. ft. of floor area plus 1 space per 2.5 seats for each place of assembly within the facility 12% of the required number of automobile spaces
Public transit station or
private bus station 		1 space per 300 square feet of floor area 1 space per 200 sq. ft. of floor area 35% of the number of
automobile spaces
required or a minimum of 20, whichever is greater
Parks: Active—i.e., ball fields, playgrounds, picnic shelters, bandstands, beach etc. 5 spaces per acre of facility plus 1 space per every 4 persons of total maximum capacity of the facilities included in the park 6 spaces per acre of facility plus 1 space per 3 persons of total maximum capacity of the facilities included in the park Minimum of 10 spaces plus 1 additional space for each 50 automobile spaces
required
Parks: Passive—Does not include any facilities to accommodate active organized recreation To be determined by the Director of parks, recreation, and leisure services based upon estimated peak usage of the facility 125% of the minimum parking Minimum of 5 spaces plus 1 additional space for each 50 automobile
spaces
required
Post office and private postal services 1 space per 250 sq. ft. of floor area 1 space per 200 sq. ft. of floor area 1 space for each 50 automobile spaces required
Parking garage, commercial parking lots, public parking lots NA NA 10% of the number of
automobile spaces
provided
Marina 1 space for every 2 boat slips 1 space for every slip 1 space for each 50 automobile spaces required

 

Table 11-2.3: Required Minimum and Maximum Parking
Use Group: Automobile Bicycle
Commercial Min. Max.
Retail (except furniture and appliance sales) 1 space per 250 sq. ft. of sales area 1 space per 166 sq. ft. of sales area 1 space for each 50 automobile spaces required
Retail: Furniture and appliance sales 1 space per 400 sq. ft. of sales area 1 space per 300 sq. ft. of sales area 1 space for each 50 automobile spaces required
Shopping center, shopping mall 1 space per 250 sq. ft. of sales area 1 space per 166 sq. ft. of sales area 1 space for each 50 automobile spaces required
Grocery store 1 space per 250 sq. ft. of sales area 1 space per 166 sq. ft. of sales area 1 space for each 50 automobile spaces required
Home improvement superstore 1 space per 250 sq. ft. of sales area 1 space per 140 sq. ft. of sales area 1 space for each 50 automobile spaces required
Discount club or superstore 1 space per 250 sq. ft of sales area 1 space per 140 sq. ft. of sales area 1 space for each 50 automobile spaces required
Office (except medical or denial office or clinic) 1 space per 300 sq. ft. of floor area 1 space per 250 sq. ft. of floor area 1 space for each 50 automobile spaces required
Medical office or clinic, dental office or clinic 1 space per 250 sq. ft. of floor area 1 space per 200 sq. ft. of floor area 1 space for each 50 automobile spaces required
Bank: No drive-thru 1 space per 250 sq. ft. of floor area 1 space per 200 sq. ft. of floor area 1 space for each 50 automobile spaces required
Bank: With drive-thru 1 space per 400 sq. ft. of floor area 1 space per 200 sq. ft. of floor area 1 space for each 50 automobile spaces required
Personal services (i.e. dry cleaner, barber shop, beauty salon, tailor, etc.) 1 space per 200 sq. ft. of service area 1 space per 166 sq. ft. of service area 1 space for each 50 automobile spaces required
Restaurant, eating and drinking establishments 1 space per 75 sq. ft. of floor area exclusive of kitchen and freezer areas 1 space per 60 sq. ft. of floor area exclusive of the kitchen and freezer area 1 space for each 50 automobile spaces required
Live entertainment with a dance floor or similar open space in association with a restaurant or micro-brewery/distillery/winery 1 space per 15 sq. ft. of dance floor or similar open floor area in addition to the spaces required herein for the area of the restaurant or micro- brewery/distillery/winery use. 1 space per 10 sq. ft. of dance floor or similar open floor area in addition to the maximum spaces permitted herein for the area of the restaurant or micro-brewery/distillery/winery use 1 space for each 50 automobile spaces required
Dance hall or similar places of assembly without fixed seats 1 space per every 3 persons based upon maximum occupancy 1 space per every 2.5 persons based upon maximum occupancy 1 space for each 50 automobile space required
Commercial recreation—Within a building (unless otherwise listed). 1 space per 200 sq. ft. of floor area 1 space per 166 sq. ft. of floor area 12% of the total automobile spaces
required
Commercial recreation—Outdoors 5 spaces per acre of facility plus 1 space per 4 persons of total maximum capacity of the facilities 6 persons per acre of facility plus 1 space per 3 persons of total maximum capacity of the facilities Minimum of 10 spaces plus 1 additional space for each 50 automobile spaces
provided
Bowling alley 1 space per employee plus 4 spaces per lane 1 space per employee plus 5 spaces per lane 1 space for each 50 automobile spaces required
Motel and tourist homes 1 space per guest room 1.25 spaces per guest room 1 space for each 50 automobile spaces required
Hotel with total meeting space in excess of 1,000 sq. ft. 1 space per guest room plus 1 space per 100 sq. ft. of meeting or banquet room 1.25 spaces per guest room plus 1 space per 75 sq. ft. of meeting or banquet room 1 space for each 50 automobile spaces required
Hotel with total meeting of 1,000 sq. ft. or less 1 space per guest room 1.25 spaces per guest room plus 1 space per 75 sq. ft. of meeting or banquet room 1 space for each 50 automobile spaces required
Kennel or veterinary hospital 1 space per 400 sq. ft. of floor area 1 space per 300 sq. ft. of floor area 1 space for each 50 automobile spaces required
Day care or nursery school 1 space per 500 sq. ft. of floor area 1 space per 400 sq. ft. of floor area 1 space for each 50 automobile spaces required
Funeral home or mortuary 1 space per employee plus one of the below ratios, whichever is greater.
1 space per 50 sq. ft. of public viewing area
or
1 space per 3 seats in the chapel 		1 space per employee plus one of the below ratios, whichever is greater.
1 space per 40 sq. ft. of public viewing area
or
1 space per 2.5 seats in the chapel 		1 space for each 50 automobile spaces required
Automobile repair and service 1 space per 300 sq. ft. of service area 1 space per 200 sq. ft. of service area 1 space for each 50 automobile spaces required
Automobile and truck sales 1 space per 300 sq. ft. of sales, office and waiting area 1 space per 200 sq. ft. of sales, office and waiting area 1 space for each 50 automobile spaces required
House sales, mobile home sales, trailer sales, boat sales, and other outdoor equipment sales 1 space per 300 sq. ft. of sales, office and waiting area 1 space per 200 sq. ft. of sales, office and waiting area 1 space for each 50 automobile spaces
required
Commercial nurseries 1 space per 300 sq. ft. of floor space plus 1 space per 5,000 sq. ft. of lot area 1 space per 250 sq. ft. of floor space plus 1.5 spaces per 5,000 sq. ft. of lot area 1 space for each 50 automobile spaces required
Car wash facility: Self service 1 parking space at each end of every stall plus 1 parking space per stall located elsewhere on the site 1 parking space at the end of every stall plus 1.5 parking spaces per stall located elsewhere on the site N/A
All other car wash facilities (full service and/or automated) Stacking area to accommodate 3 vehicles per bay plus 2 parking spaces per bay elsewhere on site Stacking area to accommodate 4 vehicles per bay plus 3 parking spaces per bay elsewhere on site N/A

 

Table 11-2.4: Required Minimum and Maximum Parking
Use Group: Automobile Bicycle
Research, Manufacturing and Industrial Min. Max.
Research lab 1 space per 400 sq. ft. of floor area 1 space per 300 sq. ft. of floor area 1 space for each 50 automobile spaces required
Manufacturing 1 space per 500 sq. ft. of floor area 1 space per 400 sq. ft. of floor area 1 space for each 50 automobile spaces required
Warehousing 1 space per 2,000 sq. ft. of floor area 1 space per 1,500 sq. ft. of floor area 1 space for each 50 automobile spaces required
Self storage facility enclosed—All storage units are contained within a building accessible from a single entry and interior hallways 5 spaces adjacent to the office/entry plus 1 space per 50 units 7 spaces adjacent to the office/entry plus 1 space per 30 units 1 space for each 50 automobile spaces required
Self storage facility not enclosed—All storage units are individually accessible from vehicular drive aisles 5 spaces adjacent to the office plus drive aisles measuring a minimum of 28 feet between units 7 spaces adjacent to the office plus drive aisles measuring a minimum of 28 feet between units N/A

 

Table 11-2.5: Required Minimum and Maximum Parking
Use Group: Automobile Bicycle
Mixed Uses Min. Max.
Mixed uses—Any combination of 2 or more uses located upon the same site, within the same building or space Total spaces equal the sum of the requirements for each individual use unless credits and/or alternative parking standards are applied as permitted elsewhere in this chapter Total maximum number of spaces equals to the sum of the max. parking limits of the individual uses 1 space for each 50 automobile spaces required

 

(Ord. No. Z16-02, 3-9-2016; Ord. No. Z19-03, 1-9-2019)

Sec. 11-3. - Loading spaces.

Non-residential uses permitted by the zoning ordinance shall provide permanently maintained off-street loading spaces with adequate access.

(1)

Each loading space shall measure no less than ten (10) feet wide by twenty-five (25) feet long and shall have a vertical clearance of at least fourteen (14) feet and a backing space of at least twenty-four (24) feet.

(2)

Buildings of twenty thousand (20,000) square feet or less shall require one (1) loading space. Buildings in excess of twenty thousand (20,000) square feet shall require two (2) loading spaces.

(3)

Loading spaces shall not be located any closer than ten (10) feet to any existing or proposed rights-of-way, or closer than twenty (20) feet to any residential use or any property zoned for residential uses.

(4)

Upon approval of the zoning administrator, required loading spaces to serve uses located in more urban densely developed districts such as (but not limited to) Downtown Hampton and Phoebus may be designated and signed as loading spaces during designated hours. Beyond these designated hours, this space may be used for parking, drive aisle, etc. Designated hours for this type of loading space shall specify times of the day that are "off peak" times for the respective use.

(5)

The zoning administrator may waive some or all of the above requirements for loading spaces when evidence warrants special consideration. Waivers may be particularly applicable to redevelopment sites and mixed-use higher density nodes or districts identified in the adopted Hampton comprehensive plan and any adopted small area plans, redevelopment plans, or master plans where provision of off-street loading spaces may not be practical or desirable. The zoning administrator may also approve "shared use" of loading spaces in which more than one (1) use shares a common loading space.

Sec. 11-4. - Maximum parking.

In order to better utilize land, encourage alternative modes of transportation, and minimize the impact to the environment, maximum parking standards are established herein. A use may not exceed the maximum parking standard as required in Tables 11-2.1 through 11-2.5 unless it meets either of the following conditions described below. The following conditions apply to the parking spaces and associated drive aisles which exceed the maximum number or spaces permitted in Tables 11-2.1 through 11-2.5.

(1)

If parking is comprised of new surface lot construction, the following low impact features are incorporated into the site design subject to approval of the director of planning and the director of public works:

(a)

All stormwater from the parking lot shall be handled within or directly adjacent to the parking lot using a permeable paving system, underground detention, bioretention, or other similar method consistent with the Virginia Stormwater Management Handbook (latest edition), and

(b)

A minimum of twenty-five (25) percent of the surface area of the parking lot must be shaded by tree canopy; or

(c)

Alternative approaches which differ from (a) and (b) above but meet the same intent, may be approved upon review and approval of both the planning director and public works director.

(2)

If parking spaces in excess of maximum number allowed by Tables 11-2.1 through 11-2.5 are accommodated in structured parking, no additional "low impact" features are required.

Sec. 11-5. - Bicycle parking.

To accommodate the growing diversity of transportation options, encourage alternative modes of transportation, and promote pedestrian activity, bicycle parking is required as specified in Tables 11-2.1 through 11-2.5: Required Minimum and Maximum Parking. Required bicycle parking is in addition to the required automobile parking. Bicycle parking shall be placed in highly visible areas within close proximity to primary building entrances and located such as to not impede pedestrian access and safety.

Sec. 11-6. - Vertically stacked parking and modular automated parking systems (MAPS).

Vertically stacked parking arrangements and modular automated parking systems shall be permitted. Vertically stacked systems which are not automated and which require vehicles and or lifts to access the stacked vehicle storage system shall provide a standard drive aisle between bays. Additional clearances may be required upon review by the appropriate building code official and the fire chief.

Modular automated parking systems (MAPS) are not required to meet the standard parking space or drive aisle dimensions. They are required to meet all other applicable codes and ordinances.

Sec. 11-7. - Dimensional standards.

Minimum dimensions for all permitted types of parking stalls and backing/drive aisles shall be as specified in Table 11-7.1: Minimum Dimensional Standards: Parking Stalls and Aisles.

Table 11-7.1: Minimum Dimensional Standards: Parking Stalls and Aisles
Parking
Element 		Dimensions Other Requirements Notes
Standard Parking Space 9′×18′ (except in HRC-2 District where the minimum dimension is 8.5′×18′) May be reduced to 9′×17′ if the parking space is adjacent to green area that the vehicle may overhang—without encroaching into any pedestrian path, sidewalk, etc.
Compact Parking Spaces 8′×16′ Must be clearly posted and marked No more than 33% of the min. required parking may be provided in compact spaces
Parallel Parking Space 8′×25′ The Zoning Administrator may allow a reduction in width to a min. dimension of 7′×23′ upon review of the street classification, traffic counts, and speed of traffic by the Director of Public Works.
Standard Parking Garage Space 8.5′×18′
Compact Parking Garage Space 8′×16′ Must be clearly posted and marked No more than 33% of the total spaces in a parking garage may be compact spaces.
Motorcycle Parking Space 4′×8′ Must be posted and marked Although motorcycle parking is not required, it may be provided voluntarily using this dimensional standard.
Aisle Width; Note: The fire marshal may assess the adequacy of all aisles less than 24 feet in terms of providing sufficient access for fire and emergency equipment. The fire marshal may require wider drive aisles than those specified—Not to exceed 24 feet.
One-way aisles:
• 76—90 degree parking 24′
• 61—75 degree parking 18′
• 1—60 degree parking 14′
Two-way aisles 24′

 

Sec. 11-8. - Parking credits, exemptions and reductions.

Any land use which is eligible for any of the shared parking and parking credits identified in this section may apply these credits in a cumulative fashion. When multiple credits may be applicable, the combination of credits which requires the lowest number of required parking spaces may apply. The application of all parking credits must be approved and documented in writing by the zoning administrator. All approved parking credits shall be included as a note upon site plans or other official documents submitted for permitting.

Prior to approving any parking credits, the zoning administrator shall consult with all appropriate city departments to insure that the application of parking credits shall protect the health, safety, and welfare of the general public and shall promote harmonious development consistent with the goals and objectives of the adopted Hampton comprehensive plan. The zoning administrator may decline to apply parking credits when there is evidence that the existing parking conditions upon a site or within a district are such that application of all or some of the eligible parking credits will further contribute toward an existing condition in which parking is already inadequate (based upon requirements of this ordinance), unsafe (as determined by the police division, fire department, or city traffic engineer), and/or is creating negative off-site impacts to adjoining land uses.

(1)

Shared parking. The shared parking model can be used as a basis for predicting the overall parking demand for a particular mix of land uses on a site as an alternative to the application of individual parking requirements specified in Tables 11-2.1 through 11-2.5. This model assumes that every separate use will need the full amount of parking that is called for in the parking requirements table at some point during the day (called the "peak period" for that use). Where different uses need parking at different times of the day, there is an opportunity for these uses to share parking. The total number of parking spaces needed to serve a mix of uses (the parking demand) may be significantly less than the number of spaces that would have to be built if each of the uses had to provide one hundred (100) percent of its own required parking.

Shared parking credits may be applied to a mixed-use site as specified in Table 11-8.1: Shared Parking Credit Schedule under the following conditions:

1.

The land contains a mix of two (2) or more land uses and is under single ownership; or

2.

The land contains a mix of two (2) or more land uses and operates under a joint use agreement which permits shared use of parking. The shared parking agreement shall include all of the following terms, to the satisfaction of the zoning administrator and city attorney:

(a)

Consent of all applicable property owners,

(b)

The number and location of all parking spaces being shared with an exhibit depicting such spaces,

(c)

A minimum 20-year term,

(d)

A provision requiring 90-days prior written notice to the director of community development upon amendment or termination of the agreement,

(e)

Provisions allowing for the use of the parking spaces during all times relevant to the use necessitating the parking spaces, as determined by the zoning administrator,

(f)

An acknowledgement that, upon termination of the shared parking agreement, the grantee of the credits may be in violation of the zoning ordinance unless the required parking is provided by alternate means prior to the termination date of the shared parking agreement, and

(g)

Any other such term reasonably required by the city based upon the unique circumstances of a particular case.

Notwithstanding the above-described 20-year term, such shared parking agreement may include a provision allowing termination of the agreement by either party at any time, provided 90-days prior written notice is provided to the director of community development and all parties to the agreement. The shared parking agreement shall be in a form suitable for recordation in the deed books maintained by the Clerk of the Circuit Court of the City of Hampton and accompanied by a check made payable to the Clerk of the Circuit Court of the City of Hampton in an amount required by the Clerk to cover recording fees.

Table 11-8.1: Shared Parking Credit Schedule
Use Weekday Weekend Night
Daytime (8 a.m.—6 p.m.) Evening (6 p.m.—midnight) Daytime (8 a.m.—6 p.m.) Evening (6 p.m.—midnight) Midnight—8 a.m.)
Residential Uses 70% 100% 100% 100% 100%
General Retail 100% 95% 100% 70% 5%
Restaurant: Family or fast food 100% 80% 100% 70% 25%
Restaurant: Fine dining 75% 100% 60% 100% 50%
Restaurant with nightclub 45% 100% 60% 100% 100%
Performing Arts Theater, Arena 5% 100% 100% 100% 5%
Stadium 10% 100% 100% 100% 10%
Movie Theater 60% 100% 60% 100% 50%
Hotel: General 80% 100% 80% 100% 100%
Hotel with Convention/Conference Center 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
Office 100% 30% 60% 0% 0%
Medical/Dental Office 100% 30% 100% 0% 0%
Meeting Center/Convention Center 100% 100% 100% 50% 10%
Churches 10% 100% 100% 100% 0%
Bank 100% 67% 100% 0% 0%
Health Club 100% 100% 100% 95% 80%
All other uses not listed 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%

 

Example: Calculating the Shared Parking Credit. In this example, the hypothetical development consists of three (3) different land uses located upon the same parcel. These land uses are as follows: (1) three hundred (300) room hotel with no meeting space; (2) one hundred thousand (100,000) square feet of general office space; and (3) one hundred (100) rental apartments—All three-bedroom units.

Step 1: Calculate the minimum parking required using Tables 11-2.1 through 11-2.5

Land Use Parking Ratios Min. Required
300-room hotel 1 space per room 300 spaces
100K sq. ft. of office space 1 space per 300 sq. ft 333 spaces
100 rental apartments 2 spaces per unit plus 1 visitor space for every 5 units 220 spaces
Total: 853 spaces

 

Step 2: Calculate the minimum parking required using the Shared Parking Credit Schedule—Table 11-8.1 for the various times of day and days of the week.

Land Use Week Day Week End Night
Daytime Evening Daytime Evening
300-room hotel 80% ×
300 =
240 		100% ×
300 =
300 		80% ×
300 =
240 		100% ×
300 =
300 		100% ×
300 =
300
100K sq. ft. office building 100% ×
333 =
333 		30% ×
333 =
100 		60% ×
333 =
200 		0% ×
333 =
0 		0% ×
333 =
0
100 3-bedroom apartments 70% ×
220 =
154 		100% ×
220 =
220 		100% ×
220 =
220 		100% ×
220 =
220 		100% ×
220 =
220
Totals: 727 620 660 520 520

 

Step 3: Find the highest number generated in Step 2; in this example the highest number is seven hundred twenty-seven (727).

Step 4: Compare the number generated in Step 1 with the highest number generated in Step 2: in this example eight hundred fifty-three (853) versus seven hundred twenty-seven (727), or a difference of one hundred twenty-six (126) spaces.

Step 5: If these two (2) numbers are different, there is the potential to reduce the required minimum parking for the entire project to the lower of the two (2) numbers. Ultimately that choice is the land owner/developer's to make.

(2)

On-street parking and off-site parking. All on-street and off-site parking credits shall only apply to parking that is generally available to the public and not restricted in any way which would limit its ability to meet the parking demands of the intended land use.

(a)

On-street parking credit. On-street parking credits may be applied to any lot. On-street parking within the public rights-of-way immediately adjacent (and on the same side of the street) to the subject site may be counted towards the minimum required parking.

(b)

Off-site parking credit. Where parking is available off-site and within five hundred (500) feet of any publically accessible pedestrian entry point to a building, it may be counted towards the minimum required parking under the following conditions:

(i)

The off-site parking is owned or controlled by a public entity and the requested parking credit is approved, in writing, by the appropriate authority. The public entity shall maintain an inventory of parking space credits provided and the spaces within the lot in which they exist. Credits shall not be granted beyond the number of spaces available with the exception for instances when the uses involved qualify for parking credits under section 11-8(1), as amended; or

(ii)

The off-site parking is owned or controlled by a private entity with a legally binding shared parking agreement. The shared parking agreement shall include all of the following terms, to the satisfaction of the zoning administrator and city attorney:

(a)

Consent of all applicable property owners,

(b)

The number and location of all parking spaces being shared with an exhibit depicting such spaces,

(c)

A minimum 20-year term,

(d)

A provision requiring 90-days prior written notice to the director of community development upon amendment or termination of the agreement,

(e)

Provisions allowing for the use of the parking spaces during all times relevant to the use necessitating the parking spaces, as determined by the zoning administrator,

(f)

An acknowledgement that, upon termination of the shared parking agreement, the grantee of the credits may be in violation of the zoning ordinance unless the required parking is provided by alternate means prior to the termination date of the shared parking agreement, and

(g)

Any other such term reasonably required by the city based upon the unique circumstances of a particular case.

Notwithstanding the above-described 20-year term, such shared parking agreement may include a provision allowing termination of the agreement by either party at any time, provided 90-days prior written notice is provided to the director of community development and all parties to the agreement. The shared parking agreement shall be in a form suitable for recordation in the deed books maintained by the Clerk of the Circuit Court of the City of Hampton and accompanied by a check made payable to the Clerk of the Circuit Court of the City of Hampton in an amount required by the Clerk to cover recording fees.

(iii)

Convenient and safe pedestrian access ways shall be provided from the off-site parking to the primary entrance(s) of the subject use. Off-site parking shall not be approved without the existence of such improvements. Required pedestrian access ways shall be designated on a submitted site plan and shall be approved by the director of of community development or designee.

(3)

Transit parking credits. In areas served by affordable and convenient transit service, parking demand can be affected. The degree to which transit service impacts parking demand is influenced by a number of factors including the type and density of surrounding development, the existing supply and cost of parking, and the quality of transit service generally accessible to the traveling public.

In order to provide appropriately tailored transit credits that are customized to the unique set of forces influencing parking demand in any given geographic area of the city, "Transit Overlay Zones" may be established for defined geographic areas of the city. In general, "Transit Overlay Zones" may enact land use, transportation, and parking policies which encourage the provision of multiple modes of transportation and will typically include higher density, compact, mixed-use development districts referred to as Transit Oriented Development (TOD).

Within any adopted "Transit Overlay Zone," transit parking credits may be established that are appropriate for that geographic area.

(4)

Mixed-use district—Ground floor retail/commercial credit. In mixed-use districts (as designated in the adopted Hampton comprehensive plan, small area plans, neighborhood plans, and master plans), the first three thousand (3,000) square feet of pedestrian oriented ground floor commercial retail space shall be exempt from the calculation to determine the minimum required parking. This credit shall be calculated based upon specific information (building size, uses, ownership, etc.) provided to the City of Hampton at the time of site plan review or building permit review.

(5)

Other parking credits. The zoning administrator may also grant parking credits based upon request by an applicant. The applicant requesting such consideration shall supply documentation regarding parking data (anticipated parking demand, anticipated peak parking demand times of day, week, and month) relevant to the specific site and proposed uses as well as parking data relevant to the surrounding area. Other relevant data may also be requested of the applicant and/or local, state, and federal agencies. All such information shall be reviewed by the director of public works and the planning director and a recommendation forwarded to the zoning administrator prior to making a final decision to grant parking credits not specified elsewhere in this chapter. The zoning administrator shall consider granting other parking credits only when the applicant's submitted request and supporting data meets one (1) or more of the following conditions:

(a)

Adherence to the applicable parking standards is not necessary and will result in excess parking spaces because the mixture of existing or proposed uses will generate a high proportion of multiple destination vehicle trips; or

(b)

Adherence to the applicable parking standards is not necessary and will result in excess parking spaces because there will be a high level of pedestrian, carpool, and/or public transit traffic serving the use; or

(c)

Adherence to the applicable parking standards within a Historic District designated by the federal government, Commonwealth of Virginia, or within a locally adopted preservation district will be detrimental to the historic character of the district and thus deviation from the adopted standards furthers the public interest in preserving and maintaining these historic community assets.

(6)

Parking exemptions and reductions. To recognize the unique character of established urban neighborhoods and the provision of alternative parking options nearby, the following zoning districts shall have parking requirements exempted or reduced as described below:

(a)

O-IH District. Residential development on substandard lots, as set forth in chapter 9 article 5 of the Zoning Ordinance, shall be permitted a reduction from the parking requirements of section 11-2 herein to one (1) space per housekeeping unit when the lot frontage is less than fifty (50) feet.

(b)

DT-1, DT-2, and DT-3 Districts. Off-street parking and loading areas shall be provided as required in section 11-2 herein, except that buildings erected so as to provide office and/or living space on more than three (3) floors shall furnish garage or vehicle parking space only to the extent that such office and/or living space exceeds three (3) floors.

(c)

BB-1, BB-2, and BB-3 Districts. Such permitted accessory dwelling units shall only be required one (1) space in addition to the primary dwelling unit requirement.

(d)

PH-1 and PH-2 Districts.

(i)

All non-residential uses, except religious facilities, colleges/universities, schools, auditoriums and theaters shall be exempt for the first 5,000 (five thousand) square feet measured for the purposes of determining the parking requirement of section 11-2 herein.

(ii)

Multifamily residential uses shall be exempt from the guest parking requirement of section 11-2 herein.

(e)

O-CC District.

(i)

The minimum parking requirement shall be zero (0), provided:

(aa)

Accessible parking spaces shall be provided on-site as would have been required without a parking reduction;

(bb)

All green area requirements are met as described in Section 9-24(2)(a) or Section 9-24(3) where an administrative design alternative is approved;

(cc)

There shall be a minimum of ten (10) bicycle parking spaces provided, plus one (1) additional bicycle space per every fifty (50) automobile parking spaces provided or portion thereof; and

(dd)

This provision does not eliminate maximum parking requirements as described in Section 11-2.

(7)

Governmental uses. Understanding the unique nature of governmental uses, the zoning administrator may grant parking credits to property used for governmental purposes and either owned or leased by the City of Hampton. Governmental purposes shall include, but shall not be limited to, city services, community and recreational uses. The applicant requesting such credits shall submit a parking plan and supporting documentation relevant to the specific site and proposed uses. Other relevant data may also be requested of the applicant and/or local, state, and federal agencies. All such information shall be reviewed by the director of public works and the community development department director and a recommendation forwarded to the zoning administrator for review. The parking credit request shall be reviewed in accordance with the following criteria:

(a)

The health, safety, and public welfare of the community;

(b)

Consistency with the goals and objectives adopted in the City Hampton comprehensive plan, including resiliency goals;

(c)

Availability of pedestrian access and connections;

(d)

Reduced stormwater impacts and minimized excessive parking and the associated environmental impacts;

(e)

Availability of off-site parking;

(f)

Coordination between government uses to optimize shared parking.

(Ord. No. Z15-22, 10-14-15; Ord. No. Z19-03, 1-9-2019; Ord. No. Z19-10, 1-9-2019; Ord. No. Z19-12, 4-10-2019; Ord. No. Z20-062-26-2020; Ord. No. Z24-0008, 5-8-2024)