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Jackson Township Lebanon County
City Zoning Code

PART 1

DEFINITIONS

§ 27-101 Definitions.

[Ord. 8, 4/3/1972, Art. 1; Ord. 4-1975, 12/15/1975, §§ 2, 3; Ord. 1-1980, 2/4/1980, § 2; Ord. 6/4/1984, Art. 1; Ord. 1-1991, 8/5/1991; Ord. 3-1994, 10/3/1994, § 1; Ord. 2-1999, 6/21/1999, § 1; Ord. 2-2000, 5/15/2000, § 1; Ord. 2-2002, 2/19/2002, § 1; Ord. No. 1-2018, 2/5/2018; Ord. No. 5-2018, 7/2/2018; Ord. No. 1-2019, 4/1/2019; Ord. No. 3-2021, 5/17/2021; Ord. No. 3-2025, 5/19/2025]
Unless otherwise expressly stated, the following words shall, for the purpose of this Chapter have the meaning herein indicated.
A. 
Words used in the present tense include the future tense. The singular includes the plural.
B. 
The word "person" includes a firm, association, organization, partnership, trust, company and corporation as well as an individual.
C. 
The word "lot" includes the words "plot" or "parcel."
D. 
The term "shall" is always mandatory; the word "may" is permissive.
E. 
The word "used" or "occupied" as applied to any land or building shall be construed to include the words "intended, arranged, or designed to be used or occupied."
ACCESSORY BUILDING
A building detached from and subordinate to the principal building or use on the same lot and used for purposes customarily incidental to the principal building, but not including vehicles, mobile homes, travel trailers, truck trailers, or any parts thereof. An accessory building may not house a principal use nor may it stand alone on a lot as a principal building.
ACCESSORY USE
A use customarily incidental and subordinate to the principal use or building and located on the same lot with such principal use or building.
ACT 247
See "Pennsylvania Municipalities Planning Code."
ADULT ARCADE
Any place to which the public is permitted or invited wherein coin-operated or slug-operated, or electronically, electrically or mechanically controlled still or motion picture machines, projectors or other image producing devices are maintained to show images characterized by the depiction of nudity, specified anatomical areas or specified sexual activities.
ADULT BATHHOUSE
An establishment or business which provides the services of baths of all kinds, including all forms and methods of hydrotherapy during which specified anatomical areas are displayed or specified sexual activities occur. This section shall not apply to hydrotherapy treatment practiced by, or under the supervision of, a licensed medical practitioner.
ADULT BODY PAINTING STUDIO
Any establishment or business which provides the service of applying paint or other substance, whether transparent or nontransparent, to or on the human body when specified anatomical areas are exposed.
ADULT BOOKSTORE or ADULT VIDEO STORE
Any commercial establishment which offers, for sale or rental to the public, books, magazines, periodicals or other printed matter, photographs, films, motion pictures, video cassettes or video reproductions, slides or other visual representations that depict or describe specified anatomical areas or specified sexual activities, or instruments, devices or paraphernalia, excluding prophylactics, which are designed for use in connection with specified sexual activities.
ADULT BUSINESS
An adult arcade, adult bathhouse, adult body painting studio, adult bookstore or adult video store, adult cabaret, adult massage establishment, adult motion picture theatre, adult model studio, adult motel, adult news rack, adult theatre, escort agency or sexual encounter center.
ADULT CABARET
A nightclub, bar, restaurant or other commercial establishment that regularly features persons who appear in a state of nudity; live performances characterized by the exposure of specified anatomical areas or specified sexual activities, films, motion pictures, video cassettes, slides or other visual representations that depict or describe specific anatomical areas or specified sexual activities; or persons who engage in erotic dancing or performances that are intended for the sexual interests or titillation of an audience or customers.
ADULT MASSAGE ESTABLISHMENT
Any establishment or business which provides the services of massage and body manipulation, including exercises, heat and light treatments of the body, and all forms and methods of physiotherapy, unless operated by a practitioner who is a certified graduate of an accredited program or certified by the National Certification Board for Massage Therapists and Body Workers. This definition does not include an athletic club, health club, school, gymnasium, reducing salon, spa or similar establishment where massage or similar manipulation of the human body is offered as an incidental or accessory service.
ADULT MOTION PICTURE THEATRE
An enclosed or unenclosed building with a capacity of more than five persons used for presenting any form of audio or visual material, and in which a substantial portion of the total presentation time measured on an annual basis is devoted to showing material depicting or describing specified anatomical areas or specified sexual activities.
ADULT MODEL STUDIO
Any place where, for consideration or gratuity, nude models display specified anatomical areas to be observed, sketched, drawn, painted, sculptured, photographed or similarly depicted, except that this provision shall not apply to any establishment meeting the requirements for the issuing or conferring of a diploma or degree recognized by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.
ADULT MOTEL
A motel, hotel or similar establishment that: offers public accommodation for any form of consideration which provides photographs or visual material depicting or describing specified anatomical areas or specified sexual activities and which has a sign visible from the public right-of-way advertising the availability of these reproductions; offers a sleeping room for rent for a period of time that is less than 24 hours; or allows a tenant or occupant of a sleeping room to subrent the sleeping room for a period of time that is less than 24 hours.
ADULT NEWSRACK
Any coin-operated machine or device which dispenses material substantially devoted to the depiction of specified anatomical areas, or specified sexual activities.
ADULT THEATER
Any theater, concert hall, auditorium or similar establishment that regularly features persons who appear, in person, in a state of nudity and/or live performances characterized by the exposure of specified anatomical areas or by specified sexual activities.
AGRICULTURAL GOODS
Products traditionally grown, assembled, produced or mixed for human consumption on a farm, including, but not limited to: milk, dairy products, eggs, vegetables, fruits, honey, homemade baked goods, and maple syrup, as well as items handmade on the farm.
AGRICULTURE
The cultivation of the soil for food products or other marketable products, not including animal husbandry or storage and/or processing of products grown on other premises.
AIRPORT
An improved airstrip/landing strip where aircraft can land and take off, usually equipped with hangars, facilities for refueling and repair, accommodations for passengers, freight, etc.
AIRSTRIP/LANDING STRIP
An area adapted with minimal improvements for use as a temporary runway for aircraft.
ALLEY
A public thoroughfare (less than 20 feet in width), other than a street, which affords only a secondary means of access to abutting property and is not intended for general traffic circulation.
ALTERATIONS
Any enlargement of the total floor area of a building, any enclosure by adding walls beneath a previously roofed area, any extension of a roofline to cover additional lot area not previously covered, or any construction which increases the cubic content of a building.
ALTERATIONS, STRUCTURAL
Any change in the supporting members of a building, such as bearing walls, columns, beams or girders.
ANIMAL HUSBANDRY
The raising, breeding, keeping or care of farm animals or livestock, including fowl or insects, for meat, by-products or other utility for any purpose, including:
(1) 
(a) 
A concentrated animal operation which is an agricultural operation with eight or more animal equivalents (AEUs) where the animal density exceeds two AEUs per acre on an annualized basis, as defined under the Nutrient and Odor Management Act regulations pursuant to 25 Pa. Code § 83.201 and any future amendments thereto; or
(b) 
A concentrated feeding operation which is a concentrated animal operation with greater than 300 AEUs, any agricultural operation with greater than 1,000 AEUs, or any agricultural operation defined as a large CAFO under 40 CFR 122.23(b)(4), as defined under the Clean Streams Law regulations pursuant to 25 Pa. Code § 92a.2 and any future amendments thereto.
(c) 
For purposes of this definition, an applicant for an intensive animal husbandry operation shall provide the Zoning Officer with written proof of the calculations used to identify the operation, and the Zoning Officer shall refer to the applicable regulations for the necessary calculations.
(2) 
ANIMAL HUSBANDRY, NONINTENSIVEThe practice of raising, breeding, or keeping livestock or fowl that is not included in the definition of "animal husbandry, intensive."
APARTMENT HOUSE
A building occupied by three or more dwelling units.
APPLICATION FOR DEVELOPMENT
Every application, whether preliminary, tentative or final, required to be filed and approved prior to the start of construction or development, including but not limited to an application for a building permit, for the approval of a subdivision plat or plan or for the approval of a development plan.
AREA, BUILDING
The total area taken on a horizontal plane at the main grade level of the main building and all accessory buildings, exclusive of uncovered porches, terraces and steps.
AUTO SALVAGE YARD
A lot, land or structure or part thereof used primarily for the collecting, dismantling, storage and salvaging of motor vehicles or machinery not in running condition and for the sale of parts. A more specific definition is found in the Jackson Township ordinance concerning junkyards (Chapter 13, Part 1).
AUTOMOBILE BODY SHOP
On a lot a building that is used for the repair or painting of bodies, chassis, wheels, fenders, bumpers, and/or accessories of automobiles and other vehicles of conveyance.
AVERAGE ADJOINING GRADE
A single reference elevation which indicates the average grade or ground level of the perimeter of a structure, based on the sum of the existing or finished grade elevations, whichever is lower, which are adjacent to an exterior wall.
BASEMENT
A story partly below the finished grade, but having at least 1/2 of its height (measured from finished floor to finished ceiling) above the average level of the finished grade where such grade abuts the exterior walls of the building. A basement shall be considered as one story in determining the permissible number of stories.
BOARD
Any body granted jurisdiction under a land use ordinance or under this chapter to render final adjudications.
BUFFER AREA
A yard space, adjacent to a property line or building, which contains landscaping and plantings designed to screen, separate and shield a potentially incompatible use from adjoining properties.
BUILDING
A structure which has a roof supported by columns, piers, or walls, which is intended for the shelter, housing or enclosure of persons, animals, or chattels, or which is to house a use of a commercial or manufacturing activity.
(1) 
BUILDING, ATTACHEDA building which has two party walls in common.
(2) 
BUILDING, DETACHEDA building which has no party wall.
(3) 
BUILDING, SEMIDETACHEDA building which has only one party wall in common.
(4) 
BUILDING, PRINCIPALA building in which the principal use of the lot is conducted.
BUILDING AREA
The total areas of outside dimensions on a horizontal plane at ground level of the principal building and all necessary buildings exclusive of cornices, eaves, gutters, or chimneys projecting not more than 18 inches; bay windows not extending more than one story and not projecting more than five feet; and steps and balconies.
BUILDING HEIGHT
The vertical dimensions measured from the average elevations of the finished lot grade at the front of the building to the highest point of the ceiling of the top story, in the case of a flat roof; to the deckline of a mansard roof; and to the average height between the plate and ridge of a gable, hip, or gambrel roof.
BUILDING LINE
A line located along and drawn parallel to a wall or other exterior supporting member of a structure or portion thereof, excluding self-supportive projecting architectural features that project five feet or less. Yard requirements are applied from the lot lines to said building lines.
BUILDING SETBACK LINE
A line within a lot parallel to an adjacent property line and distant from it the setback depth required in the zoning district containing the lot. The front setback line is parallel to the street right-of-way line a distance equal to the minimum front yard requirements of the zoning district. The side and rear setback lines are similarly situated. The foregoing definition will apply to all lots except flag lots in which the setback line will be a line within the flag lot parallel to the base line of the "flag" and distant from it the setback required in the zoning district containing the lot.
CARPORT
See "garage, private."
CELLAR
A story partly below the finished grade having at least 1/2 of its height (measured from finished floor to finished ceiling) below the average level of the adjoining finished grade where such grade abuts the exterior walls of the building. A cellar shall not be considered a story in determining the permissible number of stories.
CERTIFICATE OF ZONING COMPLIANCE
A certificate issued and enforced by the Zoning Administrator upon the completion of the construction of a new building or upon a change or conversion of a structure of use or a building which certifies that the applicant has complied with any and all requirements and regulations as provided herein and all other applicable requirements. This certificate is also utilized for registration of nonconforming uses of land in combination.
CLINIC
An individual building or cluster of buildings (on a lot in single or common ownership) operated by one or more licensed medical or dental practitioners for the purpose of providing medical or dental treatment to the public on an outpatient basis.
CO-LOCATION
The act of placing two or more antennas on one communications tower or other structure.
COMMON OPEN SPACE
A parcel or parcels of land or an area of water, or a combination of land and water within a development site and designed and intended for the use or enjoyment of residents of a development, not including streets, off-street parking areas, and areas set aside for public facilities.
COMMUNICATIONS ANTENNA
Any device used for the transmission or reception of radio, television, wireless telephone, pager, commercial mobile radio service or any other wireless communications signals including, without limitationhis omnidirectional or whip antennas and directional or panel antennas, owned or operated by any person or entity licensed by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) to operate such device. This definition shall not include private residence-mounted satellite dishes or television antennas or amateur radio equipment including, without limitation, ham or citizen band radio antennas.
COMMUNICATIONS EQUIPMENT BUILDING
An unmanned building or cabinet containing communications equipment required for the operation of communications antennas and covering an area on the ground not greater than 250 square feet.
COMMUNICATIONS TOWER
A structure other than a building, such as a monopole, self-supporting or guyed tower, designed and used to support communications antennas.
COMMUNITY NOISE EQUIVALENT LEVEL (CNEL)
A 24-hour weighted average sound level from midnight to midnight, obtained after the addition of five dB to sound levels occurring in the evening from 7:00 p.m. to 10:00 p.m. and after the addition of 10 dB to sound levels occurring in the night between 10:00 p.m. and 7:00 a.m.
CONSTRUCTION
The building reconstruction, demolition activities for reconstruction, extension, expansion, alteration, substantial improvement, erection or relocation of a building or structure, including mobile homes. This shall include the placing of construction materials in a permanent position and fastened or placed in a permanent manner. Earth moving activities shall not be deemed construction.
COVERAGE
See "Lot Coverage."
DECISION
Final adjudication of any board or other body granted jurisdiction under any land use ordinance or this Chapter to do so, either by reason of the grant of exclusive jurisdiction or by reason of appeals from determinations. All decisions shall be appealable to the court of common pleas of the county and judicial district wherein the Township lies.
DETERMINATION
Final action by an officer, body or agency charged with the administration of any land use ordinance or applications thereunder, except the following:
(1) 
The Township Supervisors;
(2) 
The Zoning Hearing Board; or
(3) 
The Planning Commission, only if and to the extent the Planning Commission is charged with final decision on preliminary or final plans under the subdivision and land development or planned residential development ordinances. Determinations shall be appealable only to the boards designated as having jurisdiction for such appeal.
DEVELOPER
Any landowner, agent of such landowner, or tenant with the permission of such landowner, who makes or causes to be made a subdivision of land or a land development.
DEVELOPMENT PLAN
The provisions for development including a planned residential development, a plat of subdivision, all covenants relating to use, location and bulk of buildings and other structures, intensity of use or density of development, streets, ways and parking facilities, common open space and public facilities. The phrase "provisions of development plan" when used in this Chapter shall mean the written and graphic materials referred to in this definition.
DISTRICT
A portion of Jackson Township within which certain uniform regulations and requirements or combinations thereof apply under the provisions of this Chapter.
DWELLING, SINGLE-FAMILY DETACHED
A detached (separate) building designed for or occupied exclusively by one family on an individual lot; however, this shall not include single-unit mobile homes which are defined separately.
DWELLING, SINGLE-FAMILY SEMIDETACHED
A building with one dwelling unit from the ground to roof and only one party wall in common with another dwelling unit. Commonly described as a duplex, the semidetached, single-family dwelling is on an individual lot, is connected on one side to a similar dwelling on an adjacent lot and is usually owner-occupied.
DWELLING, TWO-FAMILY DETACHED
A separate building on an individual lot with two dwelling units from ground to roof (one unit over the other). These units are normally renter-occupied and are not designed for further subdivision.
DWELLING, TWO-FAMILY SEMIDETACHED
A building with two dwelling units from ground to roof (one unit over the other) and only one party wall in common with another, connected to a building which may contain one or two dwelling units. The two-family semidetached dwelling is on an individual lot, and may be rental or owner-occupied.
DWELLING UNIT
One or more rooms connected together, constituting a separate, independent housekeeping establishment for owner occupancy, or rental or lease on a weekly, monthly, or longer basis, and physically separated from any other rooms or dwelling units which may be in the same structure, and containing independent cooking and sleeping facilities for one family.
ESCORT
A person who, for consideration, agrees or offers to act as a companion, guide or date for another person, or who agrees or offers to privately model lingerie, or to privately perform a striptease for another person.
ESCORT AGENCY
A business which furnishes, offers to furnish or advertises to furnish escorts for a fee, tip or other consideration.
FAMILY
One or more persons occupying a single dwelling unit, provided that, unless all members are related by blood or marriage, or are legal foster children, no such family shall contain over five persons, but provided further that domestic servants employed on the premises may be housed on the premises without being counted as a family or families.
FARM
A parcel of land of 10 or more acres used principally in the raising or production of agricultural products, with the customary dwelling, farm structures, storage and equipment. Adjoining tracts, parcels or separately deeded properties which are owned and farmed integrally as part of the same farming operation shall be considered jointly as one farm.
FARM OCCUPATION
An accessory use to the primary agricultural use of a property in which residents engage in a secondary occupation on the farm.
FLAG LOT
A lot type permitted in the Agricultural District under specific requirements of this chapter whose lot width at its frontage is less than required at the building line.
FOOTCANDLE
Enough light to saturate a one-foot square with one lumen of light.
GARAGE, PRIVATE
A building or structure which is accessory to the principal building, which provides for the storage of motor vehicles of the families residing on the premises and in which no occupation, business or service for profit is conducted.
GARAGE, REPAIR
A structure, building, or area of land or any portion thereof used primarily for the servicing and repair of automotive vehicles. A repair garage may provide one or more of the following services: general mechanical repair of motor vehicles, including state inspection, lubrication, washing, or sale of accessories and motor vehicle fuels. Uses permissible as a repair garage do not include work, straightening of body parts, painting, welding, and storage of certain vehicles as per § 27-1002 of this chapter. A retail garage is not an automobile body shop or a retail automotive parts store.
GARDEN APARTMENTS
Multifamily apartment buildings located on a plot of land under one ownership. Garden apartments are two stories high, with individual apartments on each story. Garden apartment buildings shall contain at least four, but not more than 16, dwelling units in a single structure, with the units generally renter-occupied. The garden apartments share: a) a common yard area which is the sum of the required lot areas of all dwelling units within the complex; b) common off-street parking; c) common outside apartment access for some or all units; and d) central utilities.
GASOLINE STATION
A structure, building, or area of land or any portion thereof that is used solely for the sale of gasoline, or other motor vehicle fuel, lubricants, or minor accessories for travelers' convenience (e.g., windshield wiper blades, spark plugs, fuses, bulbs, etc.). Said use shall not include the sale of automotive parts, tires, service, polishing or washing. Any business or industry dispensing gasoline solely for its own use and vehicles will not be deemed a gasoline station.
GRADE, FINISHED
The completed surfaces of lawns, walks, and roads brought to grades as shown on official plans or designs relating thereto.
GROUP CARE FACILITY
A state authorized, certified, or licensed facility, situated and operated as a substitute home with a family environment serving 13 or less mentally disordered, handicapped, dependent, or neglected persons who do not require nursing care. Adult supervision and supportive care shall be provided to residents on a twenty-four-hour basis and shall be in accordance with the Public Welfare Code of Pennsylvania.
HABITABLE FLOOR AREA
The sum of the floor area of all heated, finished rooms within a dwelling unit used on a daily basis for habitation. Such area may include living rooms; recreation rooms; kitchens; dining rooms; bedrooms; bathrooms; hallways; closets; heated and finished basements; cellars, and attics; and attached garages which have been converted into an integral part of the living quarters; but does not include garages; porches, whether roofed, unroofed or enclosed; roofed terraces; unfinished and unheated basements, attics, cellars, or garages, etc.
HEIGHT OF A COMMUNICATIONS TOWER
The vertical distance measured from the ground level to the highest point on a communications tower, including antennas mounted on the tower.
HOME OCCUPATION
Any gainful occupation conducted within a dwelling which is of a service or professional nature such that the following conditions are met, as applicable: 1) the proprietor engages primarily in the sale of a service; 2) the handling of durable goods is limited to primarily repairing or handcrafting; and 3) the handling of nondurable or consumable goods for sale is incidental to the service. Such home occupations include but are not limited to: physicians, dentists, lawyers, architects, engineers and accountants; insurance, real estate or securities brokers; barbers and beauticians; photographers; tutors of individual students; seamstresses and tailors; and other occupations meeting these criteria which are not otherwise prohibited by law. Occupations of a nature that involve the stocking of items for retail or wholesale transfer, or use of facilities that involve a gathering of people, or occupations that normally use large areas, or customarily are not compatible with dwellings, by virtue of creating excessive noise, fumes, odor, dust, electrical interference, or substantially more than normal residential levels of traffic are prohibited. Prohibited home occupations include but are not limited to: retail and wholesale stores; instructional classes of all types; shops and equipment storage of contractors; auto, truck or engine repair; medical or dental clinics.
HOSPITAL
A place for the diagnosis, treatment, or other care of humans and having facilities for in-patient care, including such establishments as a sanitarium, sanitarium, and preventorium.
HOTEL OR LODGING HOUSE
A building used as the more or less temporary abiding place of three or more individuals who are, for compensation, lodged, with or without meals, and in which no provision is made for cooking in any individual room or suite. A hotel may include restaurants, newsstands, and other accessory services primarily for serving its occupants and only incidentally the public.
JUNKYARD
A lot, land, or structure, or part thereof, used primarily for the collecting, storage, and sale of waste paper, rags, scrap metal, or discarded materials, or for the collecting, dismantling, storage, and salvaging of machinery or vehicles not in running condition, and for the sale of parts thereof, as more specifically defined in Jackson Township Ordinance No. 2-1964 and its amendments [Chapter 13, Part 1].
KENNEL
See "Pet Kennel."
LAND DEVELOPMENT
Any of the following activities:
(1) 
The improvement of one lot or two or more contiguous lots, tracts or parcels of land for any purpose involving:
(a) 
A group of two or more residential or nonresidential buildings, whether proposed initially or cumulatively, or a single nonresidential building on a lot or lots regardless of the number of occupants or tenure; or,
(b) 
The division or allocation of land or space, whether initially or cumulatively, between or among two or more existing or prospective occupants by means of, or for the purpose of streets, common areas, leaseholds, condominiums, building groups or other features;
(2) 
A subdivision of land.
(3) 
"Land development" does not include development which involves:
(a) 
The conversion of an existing single family detached dwelling or single family semidetached dwelling into not more than three residential units, unless such units are intended to be a condominium;
(b) 
The addition of an accessory building, including farm building, on a lot or lots subordinate to an existing principal building; or
(c) 
The addition or conversion of buildings or rides within the confines of an enterprise which would be considered an amusement park. For the purposes of this subsection, an amusement park is defined as a tract or area used principally as a location for permanent amusement structures or rides. This exclusion shall not apply to newly acquired acreage by an amusement park until initial plans for the expanded area have been approved by the proper authorities.
LANDSCAPING
Changing, rearranging or adding to the vegetation or appearance of land to produce a visual, aesthetic or environmental effect appropriate to the use of land. Landscaping may include reshaping the land by moving earth, as well as preserving the original vegetation or adding vegetation.
LAUNDROMAT
A business premises equipped with individual clothes washing and/or drying machines for the use of retail customers, exclusive of laundry facilities provided as an accessory use in a multifamily housing development.
LIVESTOCK
Any member of the bovine, equine, porcine, or ovine species, including but not limited to cows, steers, horses, ponies, pigs, sheep and goats.
LOADING/UNLOADING SPACE
An off-street space not less than 12 feet wide, 55 feet long and having a minimum clear height of 15 feet, exclusive of access area, for the parking of one vehicle while loading or unloading merchandise or materials.
LOT
A designated parcel, tract or area of land established by a plat or otherwise as permitted by law and to be used, developed or built upon as a unit.
LOT CORNER
A lot at the point of intersection of and abutting on two or more intersecting streets, and which has an interior angle of less than 135° at the intersection of the two street lines.
LOT INTERIOR
A lot other than a corner lot, the sides of which do not abut a street.
LOT, THROUGH
An interior lot having frontage on two parallel or approximately parallel streets.
LOT AREA
An area of land which is determined by the limits of the property line bounding that area and expressed in terms of square feet or access. Any portion of a lot included in a street right-of-way shall not be included in calculating lot area.
LOT COVERAGE
The percentage of the lot or property area covered by buildings or structures, excluding driveways, sidewalks, and other standard paved vehicular or pedestrian accessways.
LOT DEPTH
A mean horizontal distance between the front and rear lot line measured in the general direction of its side lot lines.
LOT LINE
Any line dividing a lot from another lot, street, or parcel.
LOT WIDTH
The mean horizontal distance between the side lot lines, measured at right angles to its depth. Required lot width shall be measured at the most forward allowable building line or setback line; however, in the case where one side lot line is not parallel to the other side lot line, or of pie-shaped lots, the required lot width shall be measured at a point equal to 50% of the depth of the lot.
MOBILE HOME
A transportable, single family dwelling intended for permanent occupancy, contained in one unit or in two or more units designed to be Joined into one integral unit capable of again being separated for repeated towing, which arrives at a site complete and ready for occupancy except for minor and incidental unpacking and assembly operations, and constructed so that it may be used without a permanent foundation.
MOBILE HOME LOT
A parcel of land in a mobile home park, improved with the necessary utility connections and other appurtenances necessary for the erection thereon of a single mobile home.
MOBILE HOME PARK
A parcel or contiguous parcels of land which has been so designated and improved that it contains two or more mobile home lots for the placement thereon of mobile homes.
MODULAR HOME
A sectional, single-family dwelling, intended for permanent occupancy, contained in two or more units designed to be permanently joined into one integral unit, which arrives at a site complete and ready for occupancy except for assembly operations and construction of the necessary permanent foundation. For the purposes of this Chapter, modular homes shall be treated the same as conventional stick-built single-family dwellings.
MOTEL
A building or group of buildings, whether detached or in connected units, used as individual sleeping or dwelling units, designed with separate entrances and designed for occupancy, primarily for transient automobile travelers, and provided for accessory off-street parking facilities. The term "motel" includes buildings designated as tourist courts, tourist cabins, motor lodges, and similar terms, but shall not be construed to include mobile or immobile trailers or homes.
MUNICIPAL AUTHORITY
A body politic and corporate created pursuant to the Act of May 2, 1945 (P.L. 382, No. 164), known as the "Municipalities Authority Act of 1945."
NONCONFORMING LOT
A lot the area or dimension of which was lawful prior to the adoption or amendment of this Chapter, but which fails to conform to the requirements of the zoning district in which it is located by reason of such adoption or amendment.
NONCONFORMING SIGN
A sign which does not conform to the regulations of the district in which it is located.
NONCONFORMING STRUCTURE
A structure or part of a structure manifestly not designed to comply with the use or extent of use provisions of this Chapter or amendment heretofore or hereafter enacted, where such structure lawfully existed prior to the enactment of this Chapter or amendment or prior to the application of this Chapter or amendment to its location by reason of annexation. Such nonconforming structures include, but are not limited to, nonconforming signs.
NONCONFORMING USE
A use, whether of land or of structure, which does not comply with the applicable use provisions in this Chapter or amendment heretofore or hereafter enacted, where such use was lawfully in existence prior to the enactment of this Chapter or amendment, or prior to the application of this Chapter or amendment to its location by reason of annexation.
NUDITY
The appearance or showing of a human bare buttock, anus, anal cleft or cleavage, pubic area, male genitals, female genitals or vulva, with less than a fully opaque covering, or a female breast with less than a fully opaque covering below the top of the areola at its highest point, or human male genitals in a discernibly turgid state even if completely and opaquely covered.
NURSERY, HORTICULTURE
Any lot or parcel of land used to cultivate, propagate, and grow trees, shrubs, vines, and other plants including the buildings, structures, and equipment customarily incidental and accessory to the principal use.
NURSING OR CONVALESCENT HOME
A building with sleeping rooms where persons are housed or lodged and furnished with meals and nursing care for hire.
OFFICE, PROFESSIONAL
A building containing office space for one or more persons engaged in occupations or callings which required extensive learned and academic preparation to secure knowledge or skill in a profession such as medicine, law, divinity or science, wherein professional advice, guidance or instruction is provided. Occupations or vocations which are trades, crafts, or business and often involve the sale of a product shall not be considered professional offices.
OPEN SPACE
The unoccupied space, open to the sky, on the same lot with the building.
PARKING LOT
An off-street surfaced area designed solely for the parking of motor vehicles, including driveways, passageways, and maneuvering space appurtenant thereto.
PARKING SPACE
An open or enclosed area accessible from a street or alley for parking of motor vehicles for owners, occupants, employees, customers, or tenants of the principal building or use. Each parking space shall be not less than 10 feet wide and not less than 20 feet long, exclusive of all drives, curbs, and turning space.
PENNSYLVANIA MUNICIPALITIES PLANNING CODE
This enabling legislation provides the mechanism whereby municipalities can plan for community development throughout the adoption of a comprehensive plan and zoning ordinance and the establishment of planning commissions, planning departments and zoning hearing boards. The Code authorizes the above bodies to request appropriations, charge fees, make inspections, hold public hearings, make legal appeals, and process penalties for violations. For the purposes of this Chapter, the Code, enacted as Act 247 of 1968, is intended to include the current code and any future amendments and shall be referred to hereafter as "Act 247."
PERMIT
Building and zoning permit issued by the Zoning Administrator.
PERSONAL WIRELESS SERVICE FACILITIES
Facilities for the provision of personal wireless services.
PERSONAL WIRELESS SERVICES
Includes commercial mobile services, unlicensed, wireless services and common carrier wireless exchange access services.
PET, HOUSEHOLD
Any customary domestic animal or bird that is kept for pleasure rather than utility and which may be kept inside or outside of a dwelling.
PET, NOVELTY
An animal, bird or insect that is kept for pleasure that is not a customary household pet nor of a domesticated variety, provided that it is not otherwise prohibited by law and is kept inside a dwelling.
PET KENNEL
An enclosure or area (located outside a dwelling) which is designed for keeping more than three birds or animals; however, this does not include pet zoos or menageries.
PLANNED RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT
An area of land, controlled by a landowner, to be developed as a single entity for a number of dwelling units, or combination of residential and nonresidential uses, the development plan for which does not correspond in lot size, bulk, type of dwelling, or use, density or intensity, lot coverage and required open space to the regulations established in any one district created, from time to time, under the provisions of this Chapter.
PLANNING COMMISSION
The Jackson Township Planning Commission.
PLANNING DEPARTMENT SITE REVIEW COMMITTEE
A three to five member committee appointed by the Director of the Lebanon County Planning Department from Department personnel. The committee reviews sites to provide recommendations on design and appropriate use of vegetation, topography, building orientation and other site amenities which will result in effective energy conservation and environmental control.
PREMISES
Any lot, parcel or tract of land and any building constructed thereon.
PRINCIPAL USE
The main purpose for which land or a building is designed, arranged, intended, or for which it is or may be occupied or maintained.
PRIVATE ROAD
A legally established road right-of-way, other than a street, which provides the primary vehicular access to a lot.
PUBLIC GROUNDS
Includes:
(1) 
Parks, playgrounds, trails, paths and other recreational areas and other public areas;
(2) 
Sites for schools, sewage treatment, refuse disposal and other publicly owned or operated facilities; and
(3) 
Publicly owned or operated scenic and historic sites.
PUBLIC HEARING
A formal meeting held pursuant to public notice by the Board of Supervisors or Planning Commission, intended to inform and obtain public comment, prior to taking action in accordance with this chapter.
PUBLIC MEETING
A forum held pursuant to notice under the Act of July 3, 1986 (P.L. 388, No. 84), known as the "Sunshine Act," 53 P.S. §§ 271 et seq.
PUBLIC NOTICE
Notice published once each week for two successive weeks in a newspaper of general circulation in the Township Such notice shall state the time and place of the hearing and the particular nature of the matter to be considered at the hearing. The first publication shall not be more than 30 days and the second publication shall not be less than seven days from the date of the hearing.
REPORT
Any letter, review, memorandum, compilation or similar writing made by any body, board, officer or consultant other than a solicitor to any other body, board, officer or consultant for the purpose of assisting the recipient of such report in the rendering of any decision or determination. All reports shall be deemed recommendatory and advisory only and shall not be binding upon the recipient, board, officer, body or agency, nor shall any appeal lie therefrom. Any report used, received or considered by the body, board, officer or agency rendering a determination or decision shall be made available for inspection to the applicant and all other parties to any proceeding upon request, and copies thereof shall be provided at cost of reproduction.
RESTAURANT, DRIVE-IN
A commercial establishment where food or beverage is sold for consumption on the premises either in a customer's vehicle or in an outside area, but not within a building.
RESTAURANT, DRIVE-THROUGH
An accessory use to a commercial restaurant where the customer receives food or beverage via a drive-up window without the need for the customer to leave his vehicle.
RESTAURANT, FAST-FOOD
A commercial establishment where a limited selection of food or beverage is sold either for consumption on the premises or as a takeout service. Food preparation is designed for immediate service to customers and food is normally prepared in advance to facilitate this type of fast service.
ROW HOUSE
See "town house."
SANITARIUM, SANATORIUM
A private hospital, whether or not such facility is operated for profit.
SELF-STORAGE FACILITY
A building, group of buildings, a portion of one or more buildings and/or exterior areas divided into separate storage spaces or units, each of which space or unit is available for rent or lease to the public for the self-storage of tangible personal property and/or property associated with some business or other organization. These storage spaces or units shall be used solely for storage, and no processing, manufacturing, sales, research and development testing, service and repair, or other nonstorage activities may be permitted.
SENSITIVE RECEPTORS
Schools, preschools, daycare centers, in-home daycares, health facilities such as hospitals, long-term care facilities, retirement and nursing homes, community centers, places of worship, playgrounds, parks (excluding trails), campgrounds, prisons, dormitories, and any residence where such residence is not located on a parcel with an existing industrial, commercial, or unpermitted use as determined by the Zoning Officer.
SETBACK
The horizontal distance from a lot line to the part of the building nearest to such a lot line.
SEXUAL ENCOUNTER CENTER
A business or commercial enterprise that offers, for any form of consideration, physical contact in the form of wrestling or tumbling between persons of the opposite sex and/or activities between male and female persons and/or persons of the same sex when one or more of the persons is in a state of nudity.
SHOPPING CENTER
One store containing more than 25,000 square feet of gross floor area, or a planned, integrated development consisting of two or more establishments, whether in one or more than one building, for retail sales, personal services, eating and drinking, business, professional or banking offices and/or similar uses, together with shared off-street parking, access, stormwater management services, and similar improvements.
SIGN
Any structure, building, wall or other outdoor surface, or any device or part thereof, which displays or includes any letter, word, model, banner, flag, pennant, insignia, device or other representations used for announcement, direction, identification or advertisement. The word "sign" includes "billboard" but does not include a flag, pennant, or insignia of any nation, state, city or other political unit, nor public traffic or directional signs.
(1) 
FREESTANDING SIGNAn independently supported sign which is not attached to any building or structure.
(2) 
WALL SIGNA sign erected or displayed on or parallel to the surface of a building and which does not project more than 12 inches therefrom.
(3) 
PROJECTING SIGNA sign erected or displayed which is attached to the wall of a building and projects in a perpendicular fashion from said wall. Wall signs that project more than 12 inches shall be treated as projecting signs.
(4) 
ROOF SIGNA sign erected or displayed on a rooftop; roof signs shall not exceed the maximum height requirements for buildings or structures.
SIGN, ADVERTISING
Any sign which is owned or operated by any person, firm or corporation engaged in the business of outdoor advertising for direct profit gained from the rental of such signs or any sign advertising a commodity not sold or produced on the premises, including "billboards."
SIGN, DOUBLE-FACED
A sign consisting of two display areas placed back to back or joined along a common edge and is treated as having one sign area. If the display areas are joined along a common edge and the interior angle is greater than 45°, the structure shall be treated as having two sign areas.
SIGN AREA
The area of a sign shall be construed to include the entire display surface and background, whether open or enclosed, which encompasses lettering, wording, designs and symbols, but not including any supporting framework and bracing which is incidental to the display itself. The area shall be determined using the largest visible sign or silhouette area. When the sign consists of individual letters or symbols attached to or printed on a surface, the area shall be considered to the be smallest rectangular shape or shapes which can be drawn together to encompass all of the letters and symbols.
SITE PLAN
A plan of a lot or subdivision on which is shown topography; locations of all buildings, roads, rights-of-way, and boundaries; all essential dimensions and bearings; and any other information deemed necessary by the Township in unusual or special cases.
SPECIAL EXCEPTION
A use permitted in a particular zoning district pursuant to the provisions of this chapter and Articles VI and IX of the Pennsylvania Municipalities Planning Code, 53 P.S. §§ 10601 et seq. and 10901 et seq.
SPECIFIED ANATOMICAL AREAS
The human male genitals in a discernibly turgid state, even if fully and opaquely covered; and less than completely or opaquely covered human genitals, pubic region, buttocks, or a female breast below a point immediately above the top of the areola.
SPECIFIED SEXUAL ACTIVITIES
The fondling or other erotic touching of human genitals, pubic region, buttocks, anus or female breasts, whether covered or uncovered; sex acts, either normal or perverted, actual or simulated, including intercourse, oral copulation or sodomy; masturbation, actual or simulated; or excretory functions as a part of or in connection with any of these described activities.
STORY
A story is that part of a building between the surface of any floor and the next floor above it or in its absence, the finished ceiling or roof above it. A "split level" story shall be considered a second story if its floor level is six feet or more above the level of the line of the finished floor next below it. Any floor under a sloping roof at the top of a building which is more than two feet below the top plate shall be counted as a story; and, if less than two feet below the top plate, shall be counted as a half story.
STREET
Includes street, avenue, boulevard, road, highway, freeway, parkway, lane, alley, viaduct or any other ways used or intended to be used by vehicular traffic or pedestrians whether public or private.
STREET LINE
The line determining the limit of the street or public right-of-way, either existing or contemplated. Also referred to as the street lot line or road right-of-way line. Where a definite right-of-way width has not been established, the street line shall be determined as a line 25 feet from the center line of the existing street.
STRUCTURE
Any man-made object having an ascertainable stationary location on or in land or water, whether or not affixed to the land.
SUBDIVISION
The division or redivision of a lot, tract or parcel of land by any means into two or more lots, tracts, parcels or other divisions of lent including changes in existing lot lines for the purpose, whether immediate or future, of lease, partition by the court for distribution to heirs or devisees, transfer of ownership or building or lot development: Provided, however, that the subdivision by lease of land for agricultural purposes into parcels of more than 10 acres, not involving any new street or easement of access or any residential dwelling, shall be exempted.
TOWN HOUSE
A single-family dwelling located on an independent lot and constructed as a part of a series of three or more connected single-family dwellings with one dwelling unit from floor to roof. Town houses are typically two stories high and units are considered attached dwellings, except for the end units of a building series which are semidetached. Town houses are generally owner-occupied and provide residents with individuals yards, parking, and utility access. Common area and facilities, including parking areas, may be designed for joint utilization by all residents of the town house development.
TRAVEL TRAILER
A vehicular portable structure built on a chassis (motorized home, converted bus, tent trailer, tent, or similar device) designed to be used as a temporary dwelling for travel and recreational purposes.
TRIP
One arrival at or one departure from the property on which the use is located.
TRUCK TERMINAL
A building or group of buildings on the same lot used for the purpose of loading or unloading materials or goods from trucks, for the primary purpose of transferring materials and goods, either for distribution or changing from one transportation carrier to another. This use may also involve parking, storage, and incidental repairs and maintenance of primarily tractor-trailers. A "truck terminal" may include as accessory uses if they are closely related to the principal use: repair, washing, refueling, and maintenance facilities for trucks using the terminal, administrative uses for the terminal.
VARIANCE
Relief granted pursuant to the provisions of this Chapter and Articles VI and IX of the Pennsylvania Municipalities Planning Code, 53 P.S. § 10101 et seq.
WAREHOUSE/LOGISTICS CENTER
A building or group of buildings on the same lot used for the indoor storage of goods, products and materials; and/or receipt of bulk products for separation and distribution of those products to another warehouse/logistics center; or to retailers, businesses, or institutions; or to individual end-user consumers. A "warehouse/logistics center" may include value-added services between a supplier and its customers such as breaking down of large orders from a single source into smaller orders (break-bulk functions), product mixing, sorting, packaging, cross-docking, order fulfillment, order returns, the consolidation of several orders into one large order for distribution to several recipients and/or vice versa but shall not include retail or manufacturing uses. "Warehouse/logistics centers" shall be classified as:
(1) 
SMALL WAREHOUSE/LOGISTICS CENTERA warehouse/logistics center that does not exceed 25,000 square feet of gross floor area per lot.
(2) 
LARGE WAREHOUSE/LOGISTICS CENTERA warehouse/logistics center that exceeds 25,000 square feet of gross floor area per lot.
WAREHOUSE/LOGISTICS CENTER AS TRUCK TERMINAL
A warehouse/logistics center, regardless of size, that incorporates 10 or more tractor trailer loading/unloading docks, or 10 or more trailer parking spaces, or would generate more than 50 tractor-trailer trips or 100 non-tractor trailer truck trips in any 24-hour period based on the latest edition of the Institute of Transportation Engineers' Trip Generation Handbook. A "trip" shall be defined as one arrival at or one departure from the property on which the use is located.
WATER SURVEY
An inventory of the source, quantity, yield and use of groundwater and surface-water resources within the Township.
YARD
An open space, other than a court, unoccupied by a structure; provided, however, that fences, walls, posts, trees, lawn furniture, and other customary yard accessories are permitted in any yard subject to height limitations and requirements limiting obstruction of visibility.
YARD, REQUIRED FRONT
An unoccupied space, open to the sky, provided between the front property line (road right-of-way lone) and a line drawn parallel thereto, at such distance therefrom as may be specified herein for any district, and extending for the full width of the lot.
YARD, REQUIRED REAR
An unoccupied space, open to the sky, between the rear property line and a line drawn parallel thereto at such distance therefrom as may be specified herein for any district, and extending for the full depth of the lot.
YARD, REQUIRED SIDE
An unoccupied space, open to the sky, between the side property line and a line drawn parallel thereto at such distance therefrom as may be specified herein for any district, and extending for the full depth of the lot.
YARD, FRONT
An unoccupied space, open to the sky, between the front property line (road right-of-way line) ant the building line of the principal building closest to the front property line.
YARD, REAR
An unoccupied space, open to the sky, between the rear property line and the building line of the principal building which is closest to the rear property line.
YARD, SIDE
An unoccupied space, open to the sky, between the site property line and the side building line of the principal building. In most cases, a lot has two side yards located on opposite sides of the principal building.
ZONING ADMINISTRATOR
The agent(s) or official(s) designated by the Township Supervisors to enforce this Chapter.