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Marshall City Zoning Code

ARTICLE 86

IV ZONING DISTRICT REGULATIONS


Cross reference(s)—Permit to move into residential district, § 18-56 et seq.

State law reference(s)—District regulations authorized, Minn. Stat. § 462.357, subd. 1.

Section 86-96 A Agricultural District

  1. Intent; scope. This section applies to the A agricultural district. This A district preserves land for agricultural or undeveloped uses until development pressures require that such land be released and rezoned for purposes of controlled and orderly growth according to the comprehensive plan pending proper timing and allowance for the economical provision of urban services.
  2. Permitted uses. The following uses shall be permitted in the A agricultural district:
    1.  Cultivation, maintenance, or harvest of plants for the sale or other commercial use.
    2. Cannabis related businesses as follows: cannabis cultivator, as defined by state law and licensed by the Minnesota Office of Cannabis Management.
    3. Farming and truck gardening, nurseries and greenhouses.
    4. Golf courses and country clubs.
    5. Hobby farms including keeping up to six horses, mules, sheep, goats, llamas, or ponies.
    6. Parks and recreational areas owned or operated by governmental agencies.
  3. Permitted accessory uses. The following uses shall be permitted accessory uses in the A agricultural district:
    1.  Accessory uses customarily incident to the uses permitted in subsections (a) and (b) of this section. 
    2. Fallout shelters. 
    3. Keeping boarders and/or roomers by a resident family. 
    4. Offices of persons and home occupations meeting the specific conditions of Section 86-50.
    5. Private garages and storage sheds.
    6. Private amateur radio towers and antennas complying with division 6.
    7. Private swimming pool when completely enclosed within a non-climbable fence five feet high with openings no greater than four inches in any dimension and self-closing and self-locking gate. Swimming pools exempt from the building permit requirements as defined in the state building code and hot tubs with latchable covers do not need to be enclosed.
    8. Single-family farm residences if used by the farm owner or operator, member of the immediate family, or an employee working on the premises. 
    9. Private accessory equipment complying with Section 86-164, including, but not limited to, solar energy collectors and systems, playgrounds, and sports courts.
  4. Conditional uses. All conditional use permits for the A district may only be issued if the proposed use meets the specific requirements of this section and also meets the general regulations as outlined in article VI and meets the eligibility for conditional use permits as specified in article II, division 2. The following uses may be allowed in the A agricultural district by conditional use permit: 
    1. Archery range 
    2. Automobile, motorcycle, go-cart or snowmobile race and driving tracks. 
    3. Billboards or advertising signs complying with the following conditions:
      1. The size may not exceed 750 square feet and the height shall not exceed 45 feet anywhere along a divided highway and 30 feet elsewhere. anywhere along a divided highway and 400 square feet in size and 30 feet in height elsewhere.
      2. There shall be no more than two sign panels per side, and the sign length shall not exceed 55 feet.
      3. Such signs shall not be located closer than 800 feet to each other (300 feet if located on the opposite side of the street), closer than 300 feet to any residential district, public park, or K-12 school building, and closer than 30 feet to any building.
      4. Sign support locations shall meet standard zoning district setback requirements.
      5. The digital sign owner shall make the sign available to the city, for free, for public safety messages in addition to emergency messages.
    4. Cemeteries, memorial gardens, and crematoriums. 
    5. Commercial solar energy collectors and systems.  
    6. Kennels. 
    7. Other uses of the same general character as listed in subsection (b).  
    8. Outdoor and indoor gun ranges.
    9. Recreational vehicle parks and camp sites.
    10. Riding stables with up to six horses.
    11. Shrimp and fish growing operations. 
    12. Water supply buildings, reservoirs, wells, elevated tanks and similar essential public utility structures.
  5. Height, yard, area and lot width and depth regulations. Height, yard, area and lot width and depth regulations for the A district are as follows:
    1. Height regulations. No building hereafter erected or altered shall exceed 2 1/2 stories or 30 feet in height.
    2. Front yard regulations.
      1. There shall be a front yard having a depth of not less than 25 feet except as otherwise provided in this section.
      2. There shall be a front yard of not less than 35 feet on a lot or plot that abuts a thoroughfare as shown on the adopted city thoroughfares plan.
    3. Side yard regulations. There shall be a side yard, on each side of a building, each having a width of not less than five feet.
    4. Rear yard regulations. There shall be a rear yard having a depth of not less than 25 percent of the lot depth.
    5. Lot area regulations. Every lot shall contain an area of not less than 22,000 square feet.
    6. Lot width and depth regulations. Every lot or plot of land on which a single-family dwelling is erected shall have a minimum width of not less than 110 feet at the building setback line, and a minimum depth of not less than 200 feet.
  6. General regulations. Additional regulations in the A agricultural district are set forth in article VI of this chapter.
  7. Future annexation. Any land annexed to the city in the future shall be placed in the A agricultural district until placed in another district by action of the council after recommendation of the planning commission, unless the land being annexed is located within orderly annexation area and is not zoned A agricultural at the time of annexation.

    (Code 1976, § 11.06; Ord. No. 404 2nd series, § 1, 11-16-1998; Ord. No. 407 2nd series, § 1, 12-21-1998; Ord. No. 590 2nd series, § 1, 2-19-2008; Ord. No. 720 2nd series, § 1, 5-9-2017; Ord. No. 734 2nd Series, 2-12-2019; Ord. No. 741 2nd series, § 1, 9-24-2019)

    Cross reference(s)—Animals, ch. 14.

HISTORY
Amended by Ord. 24-025 on 12/10/2024
Amended by Ord. 25-007 on 7/22/2025

Section 86-97 R-1 Low Density Residence District

  1. Intent; scope. This section applies to the R-1 low density residence district. This R-1 district is intended to preserve and enhance low density (less than 6 units per acre) residential areas.
  2. Permitted uses. The following uses shall be permitted in the R-1 low density residence district: 
    1. Residential facility serving six or fewer individuals.
    2. Day care facility serving 14 or fewer individuals.
    3. One-family detached dwellings.
  3. Permitted accessory uses. The following uses shall be permitted accessory uses in the R-1 low density residence district:
    1. Accessory uses customarily incidental to the uses permitted in this section, such as private vehicle garages.
    2. Accessory building complying with section 86-163, including, but not limited to, private garages, storage sheds, fallout shelters, and gazebos.
    3. Accessory equipment complying with section 86-164, including, but not limited to, solar energy collectors and systems, playgrounds, and sports courts.
    4. Bed and breakfast facility, provided property is registered with the City as a rental.
    5. Keeping boarders and/or roomers by a resident family, provided the property is registered with the City as a rental.
    6. Offices of persons and home occupations meeting the specific conditions of Section 86-50, provided an interim use permit is obtained when required.
    7. Private swimming pool and hot tub when completely enclosed within a non-climbable fence five feet high with openings no greater than four inches in any dimension and self-closing and self-locking gate. Swimming pools exempt from the building permit requirements as defined in the state building code and hot tubs with latchable covers do not need to be enclosed.
    8. Private amateur radio towers and antennas complying with division 6. 
    9. Private gardens complying with Section 86-247 (a) (5).
  4. Conditional uses. All conditional use permits for the R-1 district may only be issued if the proposed use meets the specific requirements of this section and also meets the supplemental regulations as outlined in article VI and meets the eligibility for conditional use permits as specified in article II, division 2. The following uses may be allowed in the R-1 low density district by conditional use permit:
    1. Fire stations, community center buildings, public libraries and essential public utility structures serving the surrounding area.
    2. One-family manufactured homes.
    3. Other residential uses of the same general character as listed in subsection (b).
    4. Parks and recreational areas, public or private. 
    5. Religious institutions as defined under Minnesota State Statutes.
    6. School, public or private, kindergarten through grade 12.
    7. Two-family dwellings under single ownership, joint ownership or tenants in common.
    8. Two-family dwellings under split ownership under the following conditions:
      1. The dwellings have separate utility service lines to each unit.
      2. The owners execute and record a common maintenance agreement containing covenants as to uniformity of exterior appearance of the dwellings.
      3. Proper separation of units, occurring along the lot line, exists as provided by the building code.
      4. Such dwellings comply with all yard regulations for single-family dwellings, except side yard regulations between the dwelling units.
      5. The dwelling location on the lot be compatible with the neighborhood.
      6. Landscaping, fencing, grading, exterior lighting, and driveway conform to the surrounding neighborhood.
      7. Any accessory building is compatible with the dwellings and the surrounding neighborhood.
      8. The dwellings shall be a maximum height of two stories.
      9. Not more than 50 percent of the lot area shall be occupied by buildings.
  5. Height and yard regulations. Height, yard, area and lot width and depth regulations for the R-1 district are as follows:
    1. Height regulations. No building hereafter erected or altered shall exceed 3 stories or 30 feet in height.
    2. Front yard regulations.
      1. There shall be a front yard having a depth of not less than 25 feet except as otherwise provided in this section.
      2. There shall be a front yard of not less than 35 feet on a lot or plot that abuts a thoroughfare as shown on the city zoning map.
    3. Side yard regulations. There shall be a side yard on each side of a building, each having a width of not less than five feet, except for non-residential uses, the width shall be no less than 20 feet if abutting another low density residence district lot.
    4. Rear yard regulations. There shall be a rear yard having a depth of not less than 25 percent of the lot or plot depth, or 18 percent of the lot or plot depth for a two-street corner lot.
    5. Lot or plot area regulations.
      1. Every lot or plot shall contain an area of not less than 8,000 square feet.
    6. Lot width and depth regulations. Every lot or plot shall have a minimum width of not less than 70 feet at the building setback line, and a minimum depth of not less than 110 feet.
  6. Supplemental regulations. Additional regulations in the R-1 low density residence district are set forth in article VI.

(Code 1976, § 11.07; Ord. No. 407 2nd series, § 1, 12-21-1998; Ord. No. 443, § 3, 11-6-00; Ord. No. 529 2nd series, § 1, 7-5-2005; Ord. No. 590 2nd series, § 1, 2-19-2008; Ord. No. 699 2nd series, § 1, 9-9-2015; Ord. No. 712 2nd series, § 1, 9-13-2016; Ord. No. 732 2nd Series, § 1, 1-8-2019)

HISTORY
Amended by Ord. 24-007 on 5/14/2024
Amended by Ord. 24-023 on 11/12/2024

Section 86-98 R-2 One- To Four-Family Residence District

  1. Intent; scope. This section applies to the R-2 one- to four-family district. This R-2 district is intended to create, preserve and enhance residential areas for single-family dwellings, townhouses and apartment buildings (containing no more than four dwelling units), for the purpose of achieving a mix of housing types and densities.
  2. Permitted uses. The following uses shall be permitted in the R-2 residence district:

    Churches, provided that no building shall be located within 25 feet of any lot line of any abutting lot in any of the classes of residence districts.

    Golf courses, except clubhouses, miniature golf courses, and driving ranges operated for commercial purposes.

    Manufactured homes Multiple-family dwellings, apartment buildings or townhouses, containing not more than four dwelling units.

    Parks and recreational areas owned or operated by governmental agencies.

    Residential facility serving 16 or fewer individuals, or day care facility serving 14 or fewer individuals.

    Single-family detached dwellings.

    Two-family dwellings under single ownership, joint ownership or tenants in common.

    Two-family dwellings under split ownership under the following conditions:
    1. The dwellings have separate utility service lines to each unit.
    2. The owner execute a common maintenance agreement containing covenants as to uniformity of exterior appearance of the dwellings for the life of the dwelling.
    3. Proper separation of units exist as provided by the building code.
    4. Such dwellings comply with all yard regulations for single-family dwellings, except side yard regulations between the dwelling units.
    5. The dwelling location on the lot be compatible with the neighborhood.
    6. A landscaping, fencing and grading plan, exterior lighting plan, construction plan, floor plan and driveway plan conform to the surrounding neighborhood.
    7. Any accessory building is compatible with the dwellings and the surrounding neighborhood.
    8. The dwellings shall be a maximum height of two stories.
    9. Not more than 50 percent of the lot area shall be occupied by buildings.
    10. No unit shall be eligible under this use unless the division of the dwelling occurs along the lot lines.
  3. Permitted accessory uses. The following uses shall be permitted accessory uses in the R-2 residence district:

    Accessory uses customarily incident to the uses permitted in subsections (a) and (b).

    Fallout shelters.

    Private garage.

    Private swimming pool and hot tub when completely enclosed within a non-climbable fence five feet high with openings no greater than four inches in any dimension and self-closing and self-locking gate. Swimming pools exempt from the building permit requirements as defined in the state building code and hot tubs with latchable covers do not need to be enclosed.

    Solar energy collectors and systems.

    Storage garages where the lot is occupied by a multiple-family dwelling.
  4. Conditional uses. All conditional use permits for the R-2 district may only be issued if the proposed use meets the specific requirements of this section and also meets the general regulations as outlined in article VI and meets the eligibility for conditional use permits as specified in article II, division 2. The following uses may be allowed in the R-2 residence district by conditional use permit:

    Automobile parking lots or garages, excluding repairs.

    Golf clubhouse, country club, public swimming pool, private swimming pool serving more than one family, provided that no principal structure shall be located within 25 feet of any lot line of an abutting lot in any of the classes of residence districts.

    Manufactured home park meeting all requirements of section 86-101 and all additional conditions established by the council in accordance with section 86-49.

    Municipal or other government administration buildings, police or fire stations, community center buildings, public libraries, museums, art galleries, post office substations, greenhouses (excluding commercial), and essential public utility structures.

    Offices of persons and home occupations in existing structures when they meet the specific conditions of section 86-50.

    Other residential uses of the same general character as listed in subsection (b).

    Schools: public, parochial or private; not operated for profit; kindergarten through twelfth grade; offering a curriculum equivalent to the public school system.

    Residential facility serving more than 16 individuals, or a day care facility serving more than 14 individuals.
  5. Height, yard, area and lot width and depth regulations. Height, yard, area and lot width and depth regulations for the R-2 district are as follows:
    1. Height regulations. No building hereafter erected or altered shall exceed three stories or 25 feet in height.
    2. Front yard regulations.
      1. There shall be a front yard having a depth of not less than 25 feet except as otherwise provided in this section.
      2. There shall be a front yard on each street side of a corner lot. No accessory buildings shall project into the front yard line on either street.
    3. Side yard regulations.
      1. There shall be a side yard on each side of a building, each having a width of not less than five feet for buildings not exceeding 20 feet in height.
      2. For buildings exceeding 20 feet in height, there shall be a side yard on each side of a building having a width of five feet plus one-foot of side yard for each one-foot of building height over 20 feet.
    4. Rear yard regulations. There shall be a rear yard having a depth of not less than 25 percent of the lot depth, or 18 percent of the lot depth for corner lots.
    5. Lot area regulations.
      1. Every lot upon which a multiple dwelling is erected or altered shall contain an area of not less than 11,500 square feet for a three-family dwelling, plus 1,500 square feet for each additional dwelling unit.
      2. Every lot upon which a one-family dwelling is erected or altered shall contain an area of not less than 8,000 square feet and shall contain 9,000 square feet for a two-family dwelling.
      3. Where a lot has less area than required in this subsection (e)(5), and was vacant and of record at the time of the passage of this chapter, that lot may be used only for single-family dwelling purposes.
    6. Lot coverage regulations. Additional regulations in the R-2 residence district are set forth in article VI.

(Code 1976, § 11.08; Ord. No. 407 2nd series, § 1, 12-21-1998; Ord. No. 443, § 3, 11-6-2000; Ord. No. 590 2nd series, § 1, 2-19-2008; Ord. No. 699 2nd series, § 1, 9-9-2015; Ord. No. 712 2nd series, § 1, 9-13-2016; Ord. No. 732 2nd Series, § 1, 1-8-2019)

Section 86-99 R-3 Low To Medium Density, Multiple-Family Residence District

  1. Intent; scope. This section applies to the R-3 low to medium density, multiple-family district. This R-3 district is intended to create, preserve and enhance residential areas for multifamily use at low to medium densities (up to eight dwelling units) for families and singles. It is typically appropriate as a transition area between low density residential districts and high intensity residential or business districts.
  2. Permitted uses. The following uses shall be permitted in the R-3 residence district:

    Assisted living facility.

    Boardinghouses and lodginghouses; convalescent, nursing and rest homes.

    Churches.

    Congregate living facility.

    Golf courses, except clubhouses, miniature golf courses and driving ranges operated for commercial purposes.

    Manufactured homes Multiple-family dwellings, apartment buildings or townhouses, containing not more than eight dwelling units.

    Parks and recreational areas owned or operated by governmental agencies.

    Residential facility serving 16 or fewer individuals, or day care facility serving 14 or fewer individuals.

    Single-family detached dwellings.

    Two-family dwellings under single ownership, joint ownership or tenants in common.

    Two-family dwellings under split ownership under the following conditions:
    1. The dwellings have separate utility service lines to each unit.
    2. The owner execute a common maintenance agreement containing covenants as to uniformity of exterior appearance of the dwellings for the life of the building.
    3. Proper separation of units exist as provided by the building code.
    4. Such dwellings comply with all yard regulations for single-family dwellings, except side yard regulations between the dwelling units.
    5. The dwelling location on the lot be compatible with the neighborhood.
    6. A landscaping, fencing and grading plan, exterior lighting plan, construction plan, floor plan and driveway plan conform to the surrounding neighborhood.
    7. Any accessory building is compatible with the dwellings and the surrounding neighborhood.
    8. The dwellings shall be a maximum height of two stories.
    9. Not more than 50 percent of the lot area shall be occupied by buildings.
    10. No unit shall be eligible under this use unless the division of the dwelling occurs along the lot lines.
  3. Permitted accessory uses. The following uses shall be permitted accessory uses in the R-3 residence district:

    Accessory uses customarily incident to the uses permitted in subsections (a) and (b) of this section.

    Fallout shelters.

    Private garage.

    Private swimming pool when completely enclosed within a chainlink or similar fence five feet high.

    Solar energy collectors and systems.

    Storage garages where the lot is occupied by a multiple-family dwelling.
  4. Conditional uses. All conditional use permits for the R-3 district may only be issued if the proposed use meets the specific requirements of this section and also meets the general regulations as outlined in article VI, and meets the eligibility for conditional use permits as specified in article II, division 2. The following uses may be allowed in the R-3 residence district by conditional use permit:

    Golf clubhouse, country club, public swimming pool, private swimming pool serving more than one-family, provided that no principal structure shall be located within 25 feet of any lot line of an abutting lot in any of the classes of residence districts.

    Heliport use when associated with a hospital use, located no less than 500 feet from an abutting property line of any residential use.

    Hospitals.

    Manufactured home park meeting all requirements of section 86-101 and all additional conditions established by the council in accordance with section 86-49.

    Medical clinics.

    Multiple-family dwellings, apartment buildings or townhouses, containing more than eight dwelling units, but not more than 12 units.

    Municipal or other government administration buildings, police or fire stations, community center buildings, public libraries, museums, art galleries, post office substations, greenhouses (excluding commercial), and essential public utility structures.

    Offices of persons and home occupations in existing structures when they meet the specific conditions of section 86-50.

    Other residential uses of the same general character as listed in subsection (b) of this section.

    Residential facility serving more than 16 individuals, or a day care facility serving more than 14 individuals.

    Schools: public, parochial, or private; not operating for profit: kindergarten through twelfth grade; offering a curriculum equivalent to the public school system.
  5. Height, yard, area and lot width and depth regulations. Height, yard, area and lot width and depth regulations for the R-3 district are as follows:
    1. Height regulations. No building hereafter erected or altered shall exceed three stories or 35 feet in height.
    2. Front yard regulations.
      1. There shall be a front yard having a depth of not less than 25 feet except as otherwise provided in this section.
      2. There shall be a front yard of not less than 35 feet on a lot or plot that abuts a thoroughfare as shown on the adopted city thoroughfares plan.
      3. Where a lot is located at the intersection of two or more streets there shall be a front yard on each street side of each corner lot. No accessory buildings shall project into the front yard of either street.
    3. Side yard regulations.
      1. There shall be a side yard on each side of a building, each having a width of not less than ten feet for buildings not exceeding 20 feet in height.
      2. For buildings exceeding 20 feet in height, there shall be a side yard on each side of a building having a width of ten feet, plus one foot of side yard for each one foot of building height over 20 feet.
    4. Rear yard regulations. There shall be a rear yard having a depth of not less than 25 percent of the lot depth.
    5. Lot area regulations.
      1. Every lot upon which a multiple dwelling is erected or altered shall contain an area of not less than 11,500 square feet for a three-family dwelling plus 1,500 square feet for each additional dwelling unit.
      2. Every lot upon which a one-family dwelling or a two-family dwelling is erected or altered shall contain an area of not less than 8,000 square feet.
      3. Where a lot has less area than required in this subsection (e)(5), and was vacant and of record at the time of the passage of this chapter, that lot may be used only for single-family dwelling purposes.
    6. Lot coverage regulations. Not more than 50 percent of a lot shall be occupied by building.
  6. General regulations. Additional regulations in the R-3 residence district are set forth in article VI of this chapter.

(Code 1976, § 11.09; Ord. No. 407 2nd series, § 1, 12-21-1998; Ord. No. 443, § 3, 11-6-2000; Ord. No. 590 2nd series, § 1, 2-19-2008; Ord. No. 512 2nd series, § 1, 3-1-2004; Ord. No. 712 2nd series, § 1, 9-13-2016; Ord. No. 732 2nd Series, § 1, 1-8-2019)

State law reference(s)—Conditional uses, Manufactured home park, Minn. Stat. § 462.357, subd. 1b.

Section 86-100 R-4 Higher Density, Multiple-Family Residence District

  1. Intent; scope. This section applies to the R-4 high density, multiple-family district. This R-4 district is intended to create, preserve and enhance residential areas for multifamily use at high densities (over eight dwelling units per structure) for families and singles. It is typically appropriate in areas of good accessibility to thoroughfares, open space, public transportation, public community centers, libraries, education institutions, and commercial centers.
  2. Permitted uses. The following uses shall be permitted in the R-4 residence district:

    Assisted living facility.

    Boardinghouses and lodginghouses; convalescent, nursing and rest homes.

    Congregate living facility.

    Churches.

    Golf courses, except clubhouses, miniature golf courses and driving ranges operated for commercial purposes.

    Manufactured homes Multiple-family dwellings, apartment buildings or townhouses containing more than eight dwelling units.

    Parks and recreational areas owned or operated by governmental agencies.

    Residential facility serving 16 or fewer individuals, or day care facility serving any number of individuals.

    Single-family detached dwellings.

    Two-family dwellings under single ownership, joint ownership or tenants in common.

    Two-family dwellings under split ownership under the following conditions:
    1. The dwellings have separate utility service lines to each unit.
    2. The owner execute a common maintenance agreement containing covenants as to uniformity of exterior appearance of the dwellings for the life of the building.
    3. Proper separation of units exist as provided by the city building code.
    4. Such dwellings comply with all yard regulations for single-family dwellings, except side yard regulations between the dwelling units.
    5. The dwelling location on the lot be compatible with the neighborhood.
    6. Landscaping, fencing, grading, exterior lighting, construction and driveway conform to the surrounding neighborhood.
    7. Any accessory building is compatible with the dwellings and the surrounding neighborhood.
    8. The dwellings shall be a maximum height of two stories. Not more than 50 percent of the lot area shall be occupied by buildings.
    9. No unit shall be eligible under this use unless the division of the dwelling occurs along the lot lines.
  3. Permitted accessory uses. Accessory uses customarily incident to the uses permitted in subsections (a) and (b) of this section.
  4. Conditional uses. All conditional use permits for the R-4 district may only be issued if the proposed use meets the specific requirements of this section and also meets the general regulations as outlined in article VI and meets the eligibility for conditional use permits as specified in article II, division 2. The following uses may be allowed in the R-4 residence district by a conditional use permit:

    Business and professional office buildings.

    College, university, post high school education or training institution, or seminary; public or private; with the nearest building line to property line distance of 150 feet to any single family dwelling property.

    Heliport use when associated with a hospital use, located no less than 500 feet from a property line of any residential use.

    Hospitals.

    Manufactured home park meeting all requirements of section 86-101 and all additional conditions established by the Council in accordance with section 86-49.

    Medical clinics.

    Municipal or other government administration buildings, police or fire stations, community center buildings, public libraries, museums, art galleries, post office substations, greenhouses (excluding commercial), and essential public utility structures.

    Neighborhood convenience stores.

    Offices of persons and home occupations in existing structures when they meet the specific conditions of section 86-50.

    Other residential uses of the same general character as listed in subsection (b).

    Residential facility serving more than 16 individuals.

    Schools: public, parochial, or private; not operated for profit; kindergarten through twelfth grade; offering a curriculum equivalent to the public school system.
  5. Height, yard, area and lot width and depth regulations. Height, yard, area and lot width and depth regulations for the R-4 district are as follows:
    1. Height regulations. No building hereafter erected or altered shall exceed three stories or 35 feet in height.
    2. Front yard regulations.
      1. There shall be a front yard having a depth of not less than 25 feet except as otherwise provided in this section.
      2. There shall be a front yard of not less than 35 feet on a lot or plot that abuts a thoroughfare as shown on the adopted city thoroughfares plan.
      3. Where a lot is located at the intersection of two or more streets there shall be a front yard on each street side of each corner lot. No accessory buildings shall project into the front yard of either street.
      4. No front yard shall be required in the downtown business district.
    3. Side yard regulations.
      1. There shall be a side yard on each side of a building, each having a width of not less than ten feet for buildings not exceeding 20 feet in height.
      2. For buildings exceeding 20 feet in height, there shall be a side yard on each side of a building having a width of ten feet, plus one foot of side yard for each one foot of building height over 20 feet.
      3. No side yard shall be required in the downtown district.
    4. Rear yard regulations.
      1. There shall be a rear yard having a depth of not less than 25 percent of the lot depth.
      2. No rear yard shall be required in the downtown district.
    5. Lot area regulations.
      1. Every lot upon which a multiple dwelling is erected or altered shall contain an area of not less than 11,500 square feet for a three-family dwelling, plus 1,500 square feet for each additional dwelling unit.
      2. Every lot upon which a one-family dwelling or a two-family dwelling is erected or altered shall contain an area of not less than 8,000 square feet.
      3. Where a lot has less area than required in this subsection (e)(5), and was vacant and of record at the time of the passage of this chapter, that lot may be used only for single-family dwelling purposes.
    6. Lot coverage regulations. Not more than 40 percent of a lot shall be occupied by building. No lot coverage restrictions apply in the downtown district.
  6. General regulations. Additional regulations in the R-4 residence district are set forth in article VI of this chapter.

(Code 1976, § 11.10; Ord. No. 407 2nd series, § 1, 12-21-1998; Ord. No. 443, § 3, 11-6-2000; Ord. No. 512 2nd series, § 1, 3-1-2004; Ord. No. 590 2nd series, § 1, 2-19-2008; Ord. No. 712 2nd series, § 1, 9-13-2016; Ord. No. 732 2nd Series, § 1, 1-8-2019)

State law reference(s)—Conditional uses, Manufactured home park, Minn. Stat. § 462.357, subd. 1b.

Section 86-101 R-M Manufactured Home Park District

  1. Intent; scope. This section applies to the R-M manufactured home park district. This R-M district is intended to create, preserve and enhance areas for the development of manufactured home parks.
  2. Permitted uses. The following uses shall be permitted in the R-M district:

    Manufactured home parks of ten or more sites.

    Parks and recreational areas.

    Residential facility serving six or fewer individuals, or a day care facility serving 14 or fewer individuals.

    Water supply buildings, reservoirs, wells, elevated tanks and similar essential public utility structures and facilities serving the manufactured home park.
  3. Permitted accessory uses. The following accessory uses shall be permitted in the R-M district:

    Accessory uses customarily incident to the uses permitted in subsections (a) and (b).

    Fallout and/or storm shelters.

    Facilities required or customarily provided in manufactured home park such as office, laundry, and public toilets.

    Private garage.

    Private swimming pool or hot tub when completely enclosed within a non-climbable fence five feet high with openings no greater than four inches in any dimension and self-closing and self-locking gate. Swimming pools exempt from the building permit requirements as defined in the state building code and hot tubs with latchable covers do not need to be enclosed.

    Solar energy collectors and systems.

    Storage sheds.
  4. Conditional uses. All conditional use permits for the R-M district may only be issued if the proposed use meets the specific requirements of this section and also meets the general regulations as outlined in article VI and meets the eligibility for conditional use permits as specified in article II, division 2. The following uses may be allowed in the R-M district by conditional use permit:

    Day care facility for more than 14 individuals, when located within a permanent structure.

    Home occupations when they meet the specific conditions of section 86-50.
  5. Manufactured home park regulations. Manufactured home park regulations for the R-M district are as follows:
    1. Yard and separation regulations.
      1. No manufactured home site, off-street parking space or any building shall be located within 20 feet of the non-frontage boundary of any manufactured home park. Such required boundary perimeter yard shall be fully landscaped and shall include minimum 6-foot-high screening with live vegetation or a maintenance-free opaque fence and at least one tree per 30 feet of the boundary length. Manufactured home park frontage boundary yards facing public streets shall be not less than 25 feet except 35 feet is required for boundary yards facing thoroughfares.
      2. No manufactured home, including any attached and unattached structures, shall be installed less than 15 feet from the front site line abutting a private street and 25 feet from the front site line abutting a public street.
      3. No manufactured home, including any attached structures, shall be installed less than 15 feet from rear to rear, nor 20 feet from side to side or side to rear of another manufactured home.
      4. No detached accessory structure shall be installed less than five feet from manufactured home or other accessory structure.
    2. Site coverage and area regulations.
      1. Each manufactured home site shall have a minimum area of 5,000 square feet with a minimum frontage of 50 feet.
      2. The occupied area of a manufactured home site shall not exceed 50 percent of the total area of the site. This restriction shall apply to total coverage by the home, parking space and any attached or detached structures.
      3. No more than one manufactured home shall be installed within an individual site.
    3. Parking and landscaping regulations.
      1. No on-street parking shall be permitted.
      2. There shall be concrete or bituminous paved parking space on each site with minimum dimensions of 18 feet by 18 feet. Such space shall be more than five feet from a manufactured home.
      3. In addition to parking space required on the individual manufactured home sites, the park shall provide one parking space (200 square feet per space), for every four developed sites, for off-street parking. Such parking spaces shall be conveniently located to the sites they are to serve.
      4. The front yard shall be landscaped except for the driveway and parking which shall not exceed one-half of the front yard area. At least one tree shall be provided per each manufactured home site.
      5. Except for one unit stored in accordance with section 74-131 of this Code, all boats, boat trailers, snowmobiles, hauling trailers and all other equipment not stored within the utility structures shall be stored in a separate area provided by the park, and not on the sites occupied by manufactured homes nor upon the streets within the manufactured home park. Such storage area shall be clearly identified and screened from the rest of the park.
    4. Site regulations.
      1. It shall not be permitted to construct, erect, or attach any enclosed room, wing, garage, annex, entrance or other similar structure to any manufactured home or site unless the same is so designed and constructed of compatible material retaining the basic design of the original manufactured home.
      2. A concrete or bituminous paved walkway at least three feet wide shall be provided between the street walk and the manufactured home entrance.
      3. Each manufactured home site shall be identified by street address number, which should be minimum four-inch high, of contrasting color, and conspicuously posted.
      4. All manufactured homes shall be installed and maintained in accordance with section 18-101 and 38-93 of this Code. All manufactured homes shall be maintained in good repair, including sanitary and structural conditions.
    5. Park standards.
      1. Each manufactured home park shall have an office which is distinctly marked. Provisions shall be made for an adult caretaker to be on duty at the park during regularly scheduled business hours. The manufactured home park office shall maintain a registry showing the names and addresses of each resident and the make, type and license of each manufactured home and recreational vehicles belonging to occupants of the manufactured home sites along with dates of arrival and departure for each unit.
      2. No person, except manufactured home park owner, shall own more than ten percent of the number of manufactured homes that may be placed within the manufactured home park.
      3. It shall be the responsibility of the manufactured home park owners to see that good housekeeping and living conditions are maintained in the manufactured home park, that the park operates in compliance with all applicable codes, rules, and regulations, and that all residents are aware of such requirements.
      4. Up to ten percent of sites may be used for temporary recreational vehicle parking and occupancy for no longer than 30 days. Up to ten percent of manufactured homes owned by manufactured home park owner may be used for transient occupancy. The remainder of the sites shall be leased to owner occupied manufactured homes for a period of not less than 30 days occupancy.
      5. The owner of a manufactured home park shall maintain all street and sidewalk areas within the park in good conditions, including timely snow removal and surface repairs.
      6. The owner of a manufactured home park shall permit access at any reasonable hour to any and all premises or buildings in the park by the zoning administrator and enforcement officials in performance of their duties.
      7. The sale of homes within a park shall be restricted to not more than 30 percent of the total number of homes that may be placed in the park, and their display shall be compatible with that of normally occupied units, and the use of advertising signs shall be permitted on the saleable homes and nowhere else.
      8. Each manufactured home park shall have one or more central community buildings providing the following facilities:
        1. Public toilets and lavatories.
        2. Storm shelter.
      9. Each manufactured home park shall have at least two access points to a public right-of way which are deemed adequate to serve the anticipated traffic generated by the park.
      10. Each manufactured home site shall be fronting a street. Such streets may be either public or private as agreed upon between the manufactured home park developer and the city. Private streets shall have a minimum surface width of 28 feet, and a minimum right-of-way width of 40 feetand shall be of hard surface according to standards specified by the city engineer. All dead-end streets shall be marked and shall be limited in length to 250 feet or terminate at cul-de-sac. Public street construction shall be as determined by the city engineer. Each street shall have sidewalks of at least four feet in width for the entire length; such sidewalks shall meet accessibility requirements.
      11. All utilities shall be underground.
      12. Each manufactured home park shall provide public water and sewer facilities in accordance with standards determined by the city. Water facilities, sewage facilities and street lighting shall be installed and maintained by the owner of the manufactured home park.
      13. At least five percent of the gross land area within each park shall be allocated for recreational purposes. Such spaces shall be developed and maintained by the owner of the park and shall contain, at a minimum, a children's playground and an open shelter.
      14. Fire hydrants shall be installed in accordance with the fire code and their design and placement shall be approved by the city fire chief.
      15. Mobile home parks grounds shall be kept free of litter, rubbish and other flammable materials. The storage, collection and disposal of refuse in the mobile home park shall not create a health hazard, rodent harborage, insect breeding ground, fire hazard or odor. The handling of solid waste must also conform to applicable City Code regulations
      16. Adequate street lighting with intensity of at least 0.6 foot-candle on the ground shall be provided in all areas of the manufactured home park.
  6. Required plans. All manufactured home parks developed after January 1, 1998, shall be constructed in conformance with the standards of this subsection:
    1. Construction of manufactured home parks will not be permitted for development until the developer provides site and construction plans including the following:
      1. Location and size of the manufactured home park.
      2. Location and size of each site, office building, storm shelter, storage areas, recreation areas, laundry facilities, roadways and parking sites.
      3. Detailed landscaping boundary screening plans and specifications.
      4. Location and width of sidewalks.
      5. Plans for sanitary sewer disposal, surface drainage, including grading, water systems, electrical services and fuel systems.
      6. Location and detailed plans for all streets and proposed driveways within the park.
      7. Complete construction plans for all proposed structures, exclusive of manufactured homes.
      8. Such other information as determined necessary by the city engineer to ensure conformance with the requirements of this section.
    2. Manufactured home parks shall be developed in accordance with the subdivision chapter.
    3. The developer shall provide copies of the above required plans and shall submit a detailed description of construction plans, stage development, if any, and a description of maintenance procedures and ground supervision, and methods proposed for disposal of garbage and refuse.
    4. Each manufactured home park shall be of sufficient size to contain at least ten fully developed sites and required accessory areas and buildings.
    5. The city shall require performance bonds in amounts adequate to ensure that development proposed in the plan submitted is actually completed.
    6. The developer of a manufactured home park shall provide evidence that the plans have been approved by the state department of health and that the developer will comply with all recommendations, suggestions and regulations specified by that department.
  7. General regulations. Additional regulations in the R-M residence district are set forth in article VI.

(Code 1976, § 11.11; Ord. No. 387 2nd series, § 1, 1-20-1998; Ord. No. 699 2nd series, § 1, 9-9-2015; Ord. No. 732 2nd Series, § 1, 1-8-2019)

Cross reference(s)—Manufactured homes, § 18-101 et seq.; manufactured homes and manufactured home parks and placement of travel trailers and travel vehicles, § 38-93.

Section 86-102 B-1 Limited Business District

  1. Intent; scope. This section applies to the B-1 limited business district. This B-1 district is intended to permit selected businesses in areas adjacent to residential neighborhoods where analysis of the population demonstrates that such establishment are required and desirable.
  2. Permitted uses. The following uses shall be permitted in the B-1 district:
    1. Antique, gift or florist shops.
    2. Automobile parking lots excluding repairs and the parking of trucks and buses.
    3. Barbershops or beauty shops.
    4. Business or professional offices.
    5. Cannabis related businesses as follows: lower potency hemp edible retailers and cannabis event organizers with no on-site events, as defined by state law and licensed by the Minnesota Office of Cannabis Management: businesses allowing off-sale retail sales must be located at least:
      1. 500 feet, when measured in a straight line from the center of the primary building of a school, as defined in Minnesota Statutes, section 120A.22, subd. 4, excluding a home school, to the property line of the property in which the registered establishment is located. The primary building of each school is established in a map that will be published by the City. 
    6. Candy, ice cream, soft drinks or confectionery stores.
    7. Churches.
    8. Day care facility serving any number of individuals.
    9. Fallout shelter.
    10. Jewelry stores.
    11. Laundromats and dry cleaning laundry pickup store.
    12. Leather goods and luggage shops.
    13. Medical clinics.
    14. Municipal or other government administration buildings, police or fire stations, community center buildings, museums or art galleries, and post office stations.
    15. Pharmacies or drugstores, including gifts, stationery and similar items.
    16. Photography studios.
    17. Pipe or tobacco shops.
    18. Public libraries.
    19. Retail bake or pastry shops.
    20. Retail medical supply stores.
    21. Tailor shops.
  3. Permitted accessory uses. The following uses shall be permitted accessory uses in the B-1 business district:
    1. Accessory uses customarily secondary to the uses permitted in subsections (a) and (b) of this section.
    2. Living quarters of persons employed on the premises. 
    3. Off-street parking and loading as regulated by article VI of this chapter.
    4. Private garage.
    5. Solar energy collectors and systems serving the individual property.
    6. Storage garages.
  4. Conditional uses. All conditional use permits for the B-1 district may only be issued if the proposed use meets the specific requirements of this section and also meets the general regulations as outlined in article VI and meets the eligibility for conditional use permits as specified in article II, division 2. The following uses may be allowed in the B-1 business district by conditional use permit:
    1. Boardinghouses and lodging houses.
    2. Gas station or car wash.
    3. Grocery stores, fruit and vegetable markets.
    4. Liquor stores (for consumption off the premises).
    5. Meat shops and cold storage lockers (excluding slaughtering).
    6. Medical, dental and optical labs.
    7. Mortuaries or funeral homes.
    8. Motels.
    9. Multiple-family dwellings, apartment buildings or townhouses containing not more than eight dwelling units.
    10. Other business uses of the same general character as listed in subsection (b).
    11. Parks and recreational areas.
    12. Public, parochial or other private elementary, middle, junior high or senior high schools offering a curriculum equivalent to the public school system, and not operated for profit.
    13. Public utility stations and structures.
    14. Residential facility serving six or fewer individuals.
    15. Restaurants, cafes, delicatessens or tearooms.
    16. Shoe stores and shoe repair stores.
    17. Single-family detached dwellings.
    18. Water supply buildings, reservoirs, wells, elevated tanks, and other similar essential public utility structures, municipal or other government service buildings.
  5. Height, yard and lot coverage regulations. Height, yard and lot coverage regulations for the B-2 district are as follows:
    1. Height regulations. No building shall hereafter be erected or structurally altered to exceed three stories or 35 feet in height.
    2. Front yard regulations.
      1. There shall be a front yard having a depth of not less than 25 feet on a lot or plot that abuts a minor street or a marginal access service street.
      2. There shall be a front yard having a depth of 35 feet on a lot or plot that abuts a thoroughfare as shown on the adopted city thoroughfares plan, except that an 80-foot setback shall be required when the council determines that a service road is necessary.
      3. There shall be a front yard on each street side of each corner lot. No accessory buildings shall project into the front yard line on either street.
    3. Side yard regulations.
      1. There shall be a side yard on each side of a building, having a width of not less than ten feet.
      2. No building shall be located within 20 feet of any side lot line abutting a lot in any of the classes of residence districts.
    4. Rear yard regulations.
      1. There shall be a rear yard having a depth of not less than 25 percent of the lot depth or a maximum required rear yard of 25 feet.
      2. No building shall be located within 20 feet of any rear lot line abutting a lot in any of the classes of residence districts.
  6. Lot coverage regulations. Not more than 50 percent of a lot shall be occupied by buildings. No lot coverage restrictions apply in the downtown district.
  7. General regulations. Additional regulations in the B-1 business district are set forth in article VI of this chapter, except that no outside storage or displays of property for sale shall be permitted on any premises in such district.

(Code 1976, § 11.12; Ord. No. 443, § 3, 11-6-2000; Ord. No. 463, § 1, 7-2-2001; Ord. No. 590 2nd series, § 1, 2-19-2008)

Cross reference(s)—Businesses, ch. 22.

HISTORY
Amended by Ord. 24-012 on 6/25/2024
Amended by Ord. 24-025 on 12/10/2024

Section 86-103 B-2 Central Business District

  1. Intent; scope. This section applies to the B-2 central business district. This B-2 district is intended to preserve and enhance the city's central business district as the prime center for office and government employment, shopping and cultural activities. This B-2 district shall be restricted to the downtown district.
  2. Permitted uses. The following uses shall be permitted in the B-2 business district:
    1. Animal pet shops.
    2. Antique, gift or florist shop.
    3. Appliance sales and service stores.
    4. Armories, convention or exhibition halls.
    5. Art, office, school, camera and photography supply stores.
    6. Audio recording sales or rental.
    7. Auto parts stores.
    8. Automobile parking lots and the parking of trucks and buses.
    9. Banks and savings institutions.
    10. Barbershops or beauty shops.
    11. Bars, taverns, cocktail lounges, nightclubs, dancehalls and theaters.
    12. Bicycle sales or repair shops.
    13. Billiard or pool halls.
    14. Book or stationery stores.
    15. Bowling alleys.
    16. Bus stations or taxistands.
    17. Business, commercial or dance schools.
    18. Business or professional offices.
    19. Cannabis related businesses as follows: lower potency hemp edible retailers, cannabis retailers, cannabis delivery services, and cannabis event organizers, as defined in state law and licensed by the Minnesota Office of Cannabis Management; businesses allowing off-sale retail sales must be located at least:
      1. 500 feet, when measured in a straight line from the center of the primary building of a school, as defined in Minnesota Statutes, section 120A.22, subd. 4, excluding a home school, to the property line of the property in which the registered establishment is located. The primary building of each school is established in a map that will be published by the City.
      2. 200 feet, when measured in a straight line from any point on the property line of the municipal aquatic center to the property line of a property in which the registered establishment is located.
    20. Cabinet or carpenter shops.
    21. Cabinet stores.
    22. Candy, ice cream, soft drinks or confectionery stores.
    23. Carpet, rug and flooring stores.
    24. Churches.
    25. Clothing stores.
    26. Commercial radio or television broadcasting station.
    27. Communication center (within building).
    28. Department stores.
    29. Fallout shelter.
    30. Furniture stores.
    31. Grocery stores, fruit and vegetable markets.
    32. Hardware, hobby, sporting goods or toy stores.
    33. Jewelry stores.
    34. Job printing, newspaper, lithographing or publishing plants.
    35. Laundromats and dry cleaning laundry pickup store.
    36. Leather goods and luggage shops.
    37. Liquor stores (for consumption off the premises).
    38. Loan and finance company offices.
    39. Lodge rooms or clubhouses for fraternal organizations.
    40. Meat shops and cold storage lockers (excluding slaughtering).
    41. Medical clinics.
    42. Medical, dental and optical laboratories.
    43. Mortuaries or funeral homes.
    44. Motels or motor hotels.
    45. Motion picture theatre.
    46. Municipal or other government administration buildings, police or fire stations, community center buildings, museums or art galleries, and post office stations.
    47. Music studios or musical instrument stores.
    48. Newsstands.
    49. Paint or wallpaper stores and interior decorating studios.
    50. Pet supply store.
    51. Pharmacies or drugstores; including gifts, stationery and similar items.
    52. Photography studios.
    53. Physical culture or health clubs and gymnasiums.
    54. Pipe or tobacco shops.
    55. Plumbing shops, television or radio repair shops; when operated as accessory uses to retail sales establishments.
    56. Public libraries.
    57. Restaurants, cafes, delicatessens or tearooms.
    58. Retail bakeries or pastry shops.
    59. Retail ice delivery stations (excluding manufacturing).
    60. Retail medical supply stores.
    61. Sewing machine sales and service stores.
    62. Shoe stores and shoe repair shops.
    63. Tailor shops.
    64. Variety stores.
    65. Veterinary clinic and hospital for small animals with associated indoor kennels where there are no animals allowed outside of a building at any time, where the entire business is conducted wholly within an enclosed sound proofed, heated and air conditioned building such that no noise or odors are perceptible beyond the property line.
    66. Video recording and equipment sales and repair stores.
    67. Watch or clock repair, locksmith or pawn shops.
    68. Water conditioning sales and services.
  3. Permitted accessory uses. The following uses shall be permitted accessory uses in the B-2 central business district:
    1. Accessory uses customarily secondary to the uses permitted in subsections (a) and (b) of this section.
    2. Living quarters of persons employed on the premises.
    3. Off-street parking and loading as regulated by article VI of this chapter. 
    4. Solar energy collectors and systems serving the individual property.
    5. Storage and parking garages.
  4. Conditional uses. All conditional use permits for the B-2 district may only be issued if the proposed use meets the specific requirements of this section and also meets the general regulations as outlined in article VI and meets the eligibility for conditional use permits as specified in article II, division 2. The following uses may be allowed in the B-2 central business district by conditional use permit:
    1. Automobile garages and repair shops, with no outside storage or sales of vehicles, equipment or accessories.
    2. Automobile laundry or car wash.
    3. Automobile service stations, for sale of gasoline, oil and accessories.
    4. Boardinghouses and lodginghouses; convalescent, nursing and rest home.
    5. Drive-in retail or service stores.
    6. Garden supply stores.
    7. Hospitals (excluding nonhuman).
    8. Multiple-family dwellings, apartment buildings or townhouses.
    9. Other business uses of the same general character as listed in subsection (b).
    10. Parks and recreational areas owned or operated by governmental agencies.
    11. Public, parochial or other private elementary, middle, junior high or senior high schools offering a curriculum equivalent to the public school system, and not operated for profit.
    12. Repair and rental shops of domestic type equipment and items.
    13. Residential facility or day care facility.
    14. Self-storage warehouse on floors other than main level.
    15. Sports arenas or stadiums, indoor skating rinks.
    16. Tire, battery and automobile accessories shops.
    17. Trade schools.
    18. Upholstery and furniture repair shops.
    19. Utility stations and structures.
    20. Water supply buildings, reservoirs, wells, elevated tanks, and other similar essential public utility structures, municipal or other government service buildings.
  5. Height, yard and lot coverage regulations. Height, yard and lot coverage regulations for the B-2 district are as follows:
    1. Height regulations. No building shall hereafter be erected or structurally altered to exceed 45 feet in height.
    2. Front yard regulations. No front yard shall be required.
    3. Side yard regulations. No side yard shall be required.
    4. Rear yard regulations. No rear yard shall be required.
  6. Lot coverage regulations. There are no lot coverage regulations.
  7. General regulations. Additional regulations in the B-2 central business district are set forth in article VI of this chapter.

(Code 1976, § 11.13; Ord. No. 443, § 3, 11-6-2000; Ord. No. 463, § 1, 7-2-2001; Ord. No. 590 2nd series, § 1, 2-19-2008; Ord. No. 613 2nd series, § 1, 8-25-2009; Ord. No. 703 2nd series, § 1, 12-8-2015)

Cross reference(s)—Businesses, ch. 22.

HISTORY
Amended by Ord. 24-012 on 6/25/2024
Amended by Ord. 24-025 on 12/10/2024
Amended by Ord. 25-012 on 9/23/2025

Section 86-104 B-3 General Business District

  1. Intent; scope. This section applies to the B-3 general business district. This B-3 district provides a location for uses that are appropriate to thoroughfare locations, are largely dependent upon thoroughfare traffic, and are not suitable within other business districts.
  2. Permitted uses. The following uses shall be permitted in the B-3 business district: 
    1. Ambulance, taxi, bus, and rail stations or terminals.
    2. Antique, gift or florist shop.
    3. Apparel shops.
    4. Appliance sales and service stores.
    5. Art, office, school, camera and photography supply stores.
    6. Audio recording sales or rental.
    7. Auto parts and accessories.
    8. Automobile and truck sales or used car lots.
    9. Automobile garages and repair shops, with no outside storage of vehicles or equipment.
    10. Automobile laundries and car washes.
    11. Automobile parking lots and garages.
    12. Automobile service stations, for sale of gasoline, oil and accessories.
    13. Banks and savings institutions.
    14. Barbershops or beauty shops.
    15. Bars, taverns, cocktail lounges, nightclubs, dancehalls and theatres.
    16. Bicycle or motorcycle sales or repair shops.
    17. Billiard or pool halls.
    18. Book or stationery stores.
    19. Bowling alleys.
    20. Business, commercial or dance schools.
    21. Business or professional offices.
    22. Cannabis related businesses as follows: lower potency hemp edible retailers, cannabis retailers, cannabis delivery services, lower potency hemp edible wholesaler, cannabis wholesaler, and cannabis event organizers, as defined by state law and licensed by the Minnesota Office of Cannabis Management; cannabis lounges and businesses allowing off-sale retail sales must be located at least:
      1. 500 feet, when measured in a straight line from the center of the primary building of a school, as defined in Minnesota Statutes, section 120A.22, subd. 4, excluding a home school, to the property line of the property in which the registered establishment is located. The primary building of each school is established in a map that will be published by the City.
      2. 200 feet, when measured in a straight line from any point on the property line of the municipal aquatic center to the property line of a property in which the registered establishment is located.
    23. Cabinet stores.
    24. Candy, ice cream, soft drinks, or confectionery stores.
    25. Carpenter, plumbing and heating, paint and wallpaper, and janitorial service shops.
    26. Carpet and flooring stores.
    27. Churches.
    28. Day care facility serving any number of individuals.
    29. Department stores.
    30. Drive-in restaurants and other establishments that provide goods and services to patrons in automobiles.
    31. Drive-in retail or service stores.
    32. Drive-in theatres.
    33. Drive-up bank and other offices.
    34. Electric motors service shops.
    35. Fallout shelter.
    36. Furniture stores.
    37. Garden and lawn supply stores.
    38. Gas stations.
    39. Glass sales and service stores.
    40. Grocery stores or supermarkets.
    41. Hardware, hobby, sporting goods or toy stores.
    42. Health clubs.
    43. Ice sales.
    44. Jewelry stores and leather goods or luggage.
    45. Laundromats and dry cleaning or laundry pickup stores.
    46. Leather goods stores.
    47. Liquor stores.
    48. Loan and finance company offices.
    49. Lodge rooms or clubhouses for fraternal organizations.
    50. Marine or boat sales and repair shops.
    51. Meat shops and cold storage lockers, excluding slaughtering.
    52. Medical clinics.
    53. Medical, dental and optical laboratories.
    54. Miniature golf courses, archery and golf driving ranges; swimming pools serving more than one-family, skating rinks, tennis clubs, but excluding auto, motorcycle or go-cart race tracks.
    55. Monument sales centers.
    56. Mortuaries or funeral homes.
    57. Motels or hotels.
    58. Motion picture theatre.
    59. Municipal or other government administration buildings, police or fire stations, community center buildings, museums or art galleries, and post office stations.
    60. Music studios or musical instrument stores.
    61. Newspaper printing.
    62. Outdoor nurseries and greenhouses.
    63. Paint or wallpaper stores.
    64. Pet shops.
    65. Pet supply store.
    66. Pharmacies or drugstores.
    67. Photography studios.
    68. Pipe or tobacco shops.
    69. Post office stations.
    70. Printing.
    71. Public libraries.
    72. Radio or television broadcasting stations.
    73. Repair and rental of domestic type equipment and items.
    74. Restaurants, cafes, delicatessens or tea rooms.
    75. Retail bakeries or pastry shops.
    76. Retail ice delivery stations.
    77. Retail medical supply stores.
    78. Sales and service centers for farm implements.
    79. Sales and service centers of travel and camping trailers, and motor homes which do not require a special permit to be transported on a public highway.
    80. Self-storage warehouse with inside access to individual units. 
    81. Sewing machine sales and service.
    82. Shoe stores and repair.
    83. Tailor shops.
    84. Television or radio repair shops.
    85. Tire, battery and automobile accessories shops.
    86. Upholstery and furniture repair shops.
    87. Veterinary clinic and hospital for small animals with associated indoor kennels where there are no animals allowed outside of a building at any time, where the entire business is conducted wholly within an enclosed sound proofed, heated and air conditioned building such that no noise or odors are perceptible beyond the property line.
    88. Video sales or rental.
    89. Water conditioning sales and service.
    90. Water supply buildings, reservoirs, wells, elevated tanks and similar essential public utility structures.
    91. Wholesale business and office with no outside storage.
  3. Permitted accessory uses. The following uses shall be permitted accessory uses in the B-3 business district:
    1. Accessory uses generally associated with the uses permitted in subsections (a) and (b) of this section.
    2. Off-street parking and loading as regulated by article VI of this chapter.
    3. Solar energy collectors and systems serving the individual property.
    4. Storage and parking garages.
  4. Conditional uses. All conditional use permits for the B-3 district may only be issued if the proposed use meets the specific requirements of this section and also meets the general regulations as outlined in article VI and meets the eligibility for conditional use permits as specified in article II, division 2. The following use may be permitted in the B-3 business district by conditional use permit:
    1. Amusement parks.
    2. Armories, convention or exhibition halls.
    3. Billboards or advertising signs complying with the following conditions:
      1. The size may not exceed 750 square feet and the height shall not exceed 45 feet anywhere along a divided highway and 400 square feet in size and 30 feet in height elsewhere.
      2. There shall be no more than two sign panels per side, and the sign length shall not exceed 55 feet anywhere along a divided highway and 30 feet elsewhere.
      3. Such signs shall not be located closer than 800 feet to each other(300 feet if located on the opposite side of the street), closer than 300 feet to any residential district, public park, or K-12 school building, and closer than 30 feet to any building
      4. Sign support locations shall meet standard zoning district setback requirements
      5. The digital sign owner shall make the sign available to the city, for free, for public safety messages in addition to emergency messages.
    4. Brewpubs.
    5. Cannabis related businesses as follows: cannabis testing facilities, as defined in state law and licensed by the Minnesota Office of Cannabis Management.
    6. College, university, post high school education or training institution, or seminary; public or private; with the nearest building line to property line distance of 150 feet to any single family dwelling property.
    7. Convalescent, nursing and rest homes.
    8. Farm feed and seed, or lawn and gardening supply store.
    9. Golf courses, including clubhouses.
    10. Heliport.
    11. Hospitals and medical centers.
    12. Kennels.
    13. Lumberyards.
    14. Meat and butcher shops and cold storage lockers, with limited slaughtering.
    15. Multiple-family dwellings, apartment buildings or townhouses.
    16. Municipal or other governmental service buildings.
    17. Other business uses of the same general character as listed in subsection (b).
    18. Parks and recreational areas owned or operated by governmental agencies.
    19. Public, parochial or other private elementary, middle, junior high or senior high schools offering a curriculum equivalent to the public school system, and not operated for profit.
    20. Residential facilities serving six or fewer individuals.
    21. Self-storage warehouse with outside access to individual units.
    22. Sports arenas or stadiums, indoor skating rinks and physical culture or health clubs and gymnasiums.
    23. Trophy and award assembly.
    24. Utility stations and structures.
  5. Height and yard regulations. Height and yard regulations for the B-3 district are as follows:
    1. Height regulations. No building shall hereafter be erected or structurally altered to exceed 45 feet in height.
    2. Front yard regulations.
      1. There shall be a front yard having a depth of not less than 25 feet on a lot or plot that abuts a minor street or a marginal access service street.
      2. There shall be a front yard having a depth of 35 feet on a thoroughfare as shown on the adopted city thoroughfares plan, except that an 80-foot setback shall be required when the council determines that a service road is necessary.
      3. There shall be a front yard on each street side of a corner lot. No accessory buildings shall project beyond the front yard line on either street.
    3. Side yard regulations.
      1. There shall be a side yard on each side of a building, having a width of not less than ten feet.
      2. No building shall be located within 20 feet of any side lot line abutting a lot in any of the classes of residence districts.
    4. Rear yard regulations.
      1. There shall be a rear yard having a depth of not less than 25 percent of the lot depth or a maximum required rear yard of 25 feet.
      2. No building shall be located within 20 feet of any rear lot line abutting a lot in any of the classes of residence districts.
  6. Lot coverage regulations. Not more than 50 percent of a lot shall be occupied by buildings in the B-3 district. No lot coverage restrictions apply in the downtown district.
  7. General regulations. Additional regulations in the B-3 general business district are set forth in article VI of this chapter.

(Code 1976, § 11.14; Ord. No. 410 2nd series, § 2, 2-16-1999; Ord. No. 443, § 3, 11-6-2000; Ord. No. 463, § 1, 7-2-2001; Ord. No. 590 2nd series, § 1, 2-19-2008; Ord. No. 613 2nd series, § 1, 8-25-2009; Ord. No. 655 2nd series, § 1, 5-22-2012; Ord. No. 719 2nd series, § 1, 5-9-2017; Ord. No. 753 2nd series, § 1, 7-28-2020)

Cross reference(s)—Businesses, ch. 22.

HISTORY
Amended by Ord. 23-011 on 6/13/2023
Amended by Ord. 24-012 on 6/25/2024
Amended by Ord. 24-025 on 12/10/2024
Amended by Ord. 25-007 on 7/22/2025
Amended by Ord. 25-012 on 9/23/2025

Section 86-106 I-1 Limited Industrial District

  1. Intent; scope. This section applies to the I-1 limited industrial district. This I-1 district provides a location for nonnuisance type manufacturing and/or less intensive commercial uses such as wholesale activities, with only incidental outside storage.
  2. Permitted uses. The following uses shall be permitted in the I-1 industrial district:
    1. Ambulance and taxi service, bus, and rail stations or terminals.
    2. Animal hospitals.
    3. Auto parts and accessories sales.
    4. Automobile garages and repair shops, with no long-term outside storage of vehicles or equipment.
    5. Automobile parking lots and garages.
    6. Building materials sales and storage and lumberyards. 
    7. Business or professional offices.
    8. Camera and photographic supplies manufacture. 
    9. Cannabis related businesses as follows: lower potency hemp edible retailers, lower potency hemp edible manufacturers, cannabis retailers, cannabis delivery services, lower potency hemp edible wholesaler, cannabis wholesalers, cannabis transporters, and cannabis testing facilities, as defined by state law and licensed by the Minnesota Office of Cannabis Management; cannabis lounges and businesses allowing off-sale retail sales must be located at least:
      1. 500 feet, when measured in a straight line from the center of the primary building of a school, as defined in Minnesota Statutes, section 120A.22, subd. 4, excluding a home school, to the property line of the property in which the registered establishment is located. The primary building of each school is established in a map that will be published by the City.
    10. Carpenter and cabinet shops, plumbing and heating shops, and janitorial services.
    11. Cartage and express facilities.
    12. Cartography, bookbinding, engraving, publishing, job printing, lithographing and copying.
    13. Commercial greenhouses, nurseries or tree farms.
    14. Contractor's offices shops and yards for plumbing, heating, glazing, painting, paper hanging, roofing, ventilating, air conditioning, masonry and electrical and refrigeration supplies and other 
    15. Construction related trades when completely enclosed within a building.
    16. Electrical and electronic products manufacture.
    17. Electrical service shops.
    18. Fallout shelter.
    19. Farm equipment sales and service.
    20. Farm, feed and seed supply stores.
    21. Garage and storage of motor vehicles.
    22. Governmental service buildings.
    23. Household goods repair and service shops.
    24. Ice plant.
    25. Industrial truck and equipment sales and service shops.
    26. Jewelry manufacturer.
    27. Kennels.
    28. Leather goods.
    29. Medical, dental and optical equipment manufacture.
    30. Mobile home and camping trailer sales.
    31. Musical instruments manufacture.
    32. Railroad rights-of-way.
    33. Rentals of industrial type equipment.
    34. Research, experimental or testing stations.
    35. Self-storage warehouse.
    36. Soft drink and bottling establishments (enclosed).
    37. Storage or warehousing, when completely enclosed within a building.
    38. Telephone exchange.
    39. Trade schools.
    40. Transformer and booster stations, transmitters and other utility stations.
    41. Trophy and award manufacturing or assembling.
    42. Water supply buildings, reservoirs, wells, elevated tanks and similar essential public utility structures.
    43. Wholesale business and office establishments.
  3. Permitted accessory uses. The following uses shall be permitted accessory uses in the I-1 industry district:
    1. All uses customarily secondary to the uses permitted in subsections (a) and (b) of this section.
    2. Off-street parking and loading as regulated by article VI of this chapter.
    3. Solar energy collectors and systems serving the individual property.
  4. Conditional uses. All conditional use permits for the I-1 district may only be issued if the proposed use meets the specific requirements of this section and also meets the general regulations as outlined in article VI and meets the eligibility for conditional use permits as specified in article II, division 2. The following uses may be allowed in the I-1 industrial district by conditional use permit:
    1. Automobile and truck sales or used car lots.
    2. Billboards or advertising signs complying with the following conditions:
      1. The size may not exceed 750 square feet and the height shall not exceed 45 feet anywhere along a divided highway and 30 feet elsewhere anywhere along a divided highway and 400 square feet in size and 30 feet in height elsewhere.
      2. There shall be no more than two sign panels per side, and the sign length shall not exceed 55 feet.
      3. Such signs shall not be located closer than 800 feet to each other (300 feet if located on the opposite side of the street), closer than 300 feet to any residential district, public park or K-12 school building, and closer than 30 feet to any building.
      4. Sign support locations shall meet standard zoning district setback requirements.
      5. The digital sign owner shall make the sign available to the city, for free, for public safety messages in addition to emergency messages. 
    3. Brewpubs and microbreweries. 
    4. Cannabis related businesses as follows: cannabis cultivators (indoor only), cannabis event organizers, cannabis manufactures, cannabis lounges, cannabis microbusinesses, cannabis mezzobusinesses, and medical cannabis combination businesses, as defined by state law and licensed by the Minnesota Office of Cannabis Management.
      1. Cannabis lounges and businesses allowing off-sale retail sales must be located at least 500 feet, when measured in a straight line from the center of the primary building of a school, as defined in Minnesota Statutes, section 120A.22, sudb. 4, excluding a home school, to the property line of the property in which the registered establishment is located. The primary building of each school is established in a map that will be published by the City.
      2. Cultivating and manufacturing areas in the above listed cannabis related businesses shall not exceed 5,000 SF.
      3. Assembly areas in the above listed cannabis related businesses shall not exceed 1,000 SF.
    5. Day care facility serving any number of individuals.
    6. Heliport.
    7. Meat and butcher shops and cold storage lockers, with limited slaughtering.
    8. Municipal or other governmental administration buildings, police and fire stations, community centers, public libraries, museums, art galleries and post office stations.
    9. Other industrial uses of the same general character as listed in subsection (b).
    10. Overnight campgrounds.
    11. Parks and recreational areas owned or operated by governmental agencies.
    12. Public, parochial or other private elementary, middle, junior high or senior high schools offering a curriculum equivalent to the public school system, and not operated for profit.
    13. Recyclable materials processing when completely enclosed within a building.
    14. Utility stations and structures.
  5. Height, yard, area, lot width and lot coverage regulations. Height, yard, area, lot width and lot coverage regulations for the I-1 district are as follows:
    1. Height regulations. No building shall hereafter be erected to exceed 75 feet in height.
    2. Front yard regulations.
      1. There shall be a front yard having a depth of not less than 25 feet except as otherwise provided in this section.
      2. There shall be a front yard having a depth of 35 feet on a lot or plot that abuts a thoroughfare as shown on the adopted city thoroughfares plan, except that an 80-foot setback shall be required when the council determines that a service road is necessary.
    3. Side yard regulations.
      1. There shall be two side yards, one on each side of a building, each having a width of not less than ten feet.
      2. No building shall be located within 20 feet of any rear lot line abutting a lot in any of the classes of residence districts.
    4. Rear yard regulations.
      1. There shall be a rear yard having a depth of not less than 25 percent of the lot depth or a maximum required rear yard of 25 feet.
    5. Lot coverage regulations. Not more than 50 percent of the total area of a lot shall be covered by buildings. No lot coverage restrictions apply in the downtown district.
  6. General regulations. Additional regulations in the I-1 limited industrial business district are set forth in article VI of this chapter.

(Code 1976, § 11.16; Ord. No. 401 2nd series, § 1, 10-19-1998; Ord. No. 410 2nd series, § 3, 2-16-1999; Ord. No. 443, § 3, 11-6-2000; Ord. No. 590 2nd series, § 1, 2-19-2008; Ord. No. 606 2nd series, § 1, 3-10-2009; Ord. No. 650 2nd series, § 1, 3-27-2012; Ord. No. 655 2nd series, § 1, 5-22-2012; Ord. No. 694 2nd series, § 1, 5-12-2015; Ord. No. 719 2nd series, § 2, 5-9-2017; Ord. No. 753 2nd series, § 1, 7-28-2020)

Cross reference(s)—Businesses, ch. 22.

HISTORY
Amended by Ord. 23-027 on 11/28/2023
Amended by Ord. 24-025 on 12/10/2024
Amended by Ord. 25-007 on 7/22/2025
Amended by Ord. 25-012 on 9/23/2025

Section 86-107 I-2 General Industrial District

  1. Intent; scope. This section applies to the I-2 general industrial district. This I-2 district provides a location for heavier industrial and manufacturing activities, without encroachment by incompatible use areas.
  2. Permitted uses. The following uses shall be permitted in the I-2 industrial district:
    1. Animal hospitals.
    2. Auto parts and accessories sales.
    3. Automobile and truck parking lots and garages.
    4. Bottling establishments.
    5. Building materials sales and storage and lumberyard.
    6. Camera and photographic supplies manufacture.
    7. Cannabis related businesses as follows: lower potency hemp edible wholesaler, cannabis wholesalers, lower potency hemp edible manufacturers, cannabis transporters, cannabis testing facilities, cannabis manufacturers, and cannabis cultivators (indoor only), as defined by state law and licensed by the Minnesota Office of Cannabis Management.
    8. Carpenter and cabinet shops, plumbing and heating shops, and janitorial services.
    9. Cartage and express facilities.
    10. Cartography, bookbinding, engraving, publishing, job printing, lithographing and copying.
    11. Cleaning and dyeing.
    12. Contractor's offices, shops and yards for plumbing, heating, glazing, painting, paper hanging, roofing, ventilating, air conditioning, masonry, electrical and refrigeration supplies.
    13. Egg grading, sorting and wholesale business.
    14. Electric light or power generating station.
    15. Electrical and electronic products manufacture.
    16. Electrical service shops.
    17. Fallout shelters.
    18. Farm equipment sales and service.
    19. Farm, feed and seed supply stores.
    20. Feed and seed processing.
    21. Freight terminal.
    22. Fuel and ice sales and storage.
    23. Garages and storage, repair and servicing of motor vehicles.
    24. Governmental service buildings.
    25. Highway maintenance shops and yards.
    26. Ice plant.
    27. Industrial training schools.
    28. Industrial truck and equipment sales and service shops.
    29. Jewelry manufacturer.
    30. Kennels.
    31. Landscaping including outside material storage.
    32. Leather goods.
    33. Manufacturing, processing, and associated storage, servicing and testing.
    34. Medical, dental and optical equipment manufacture.
    35. Mobile home and camping trailer sales.
    36. Musical instruments manufacture.
    37. Printing.
    38. Public utility structure (industrial).
    39. Railroad rights-of-way.
    40. Rentals of industrial type equipment.
    41. Research, experimental or testing stations.
    42. Soft drink and bottling establishments (enclosed).
    43. Storage or warehousing, when completely enclosed within a building.
    44. Telephone exchange.
    45. Trophy and award manufacturing or assembling.
    46. Warehouses.
    47. Water supply buildings, reservoirs, wells, elevated tanks and similar essential public utility structures.
    48. Wholesale business and office establishments.
  3. Permitted accessory uses. The following uses shall be permitted accessory uses in the I-2 industry district:
    1. All uses customarily secondary to the uses permitted in subsections (a) and (b) of this section.
    2. Off-street parking and loading as regulated by article VI of this chapter.
    3. Solar energy collectors and systems.
  4. Conditional uses. All conditional use permits for the I-2 district may only be issued if the proposed use meets the requirements of this section and also serving the individual property meets the general regulations as outlined in article VI and meets the eligibility for conditional use permits as specified in article II, division 2. The following uses may be allowed in the I-2 industrial district by conditional use permit:
    1. Adult uses complying with the following regulations:
      1. The use must be contained within a building.
      2. No sign or exterior graphics permitted except for those written in letters of the English language.
      3. The use is not permitted within 2,000 feet of another adult use, establishment selling beer or alcoholic beverages, school, church, any residential use, library, park, daycare facility, or residential facility, as measured from property line to property line.
      4. This use must not be greater than 2,000 square feet in total building floor area and contained in one building on a lot, plot, or property.
    2. Automobile and truck sales or used car lots.
    3. Billboards or advertising signs complying with the following conditions:
      1. The size may not exceed 750 square feet and the height shall not exceed 45 feet anywhere along a divided highway and 30 feet elsewhere anywhere along a divided highway and 400 square feet in size and 30 feet in height elsewhere.
      2. There shall be no more than two sign panels per side, and the sign length shall not exceed 55 feet.
      3. Such signs shall not be located closer than 800 feet to each other (300 feet if located on the opposite side of the street), closer than 300 feet to any residential district, public park, or K-12 school building, and closer than 30 feet to any building.
      4. Sign support locations shall meet standard zoning district setback requirements.
      5. The digital sign owner shall make the sign available to the city, for free, for public safety messages in addition to emergency messages. 
    4. Brewpubs, microbreweries, and breweries.
    5. Cannabis related businesses as follows: medical cannabis combination businesses, cannabis microbusinesses, and cannabis mezzobusinesses, as defined by state law and licensed by the Minnesota Office of Cannabis Management.
      1. Cannabis lounges and businesses allowing off-sale retail sales must be located at least 500 feet, when measured in a straight line from the center of the primary building of a school, as defined in Minnesota Statutes, section 120A.22, subd.4, excluding a home school, to the property line of the property in which the registered establishment is located. The primary building of each school is established in a map that will be published by the City.
      2. Cannabis lounges and retail area parts of the above listed cannabis related businesses shall not exceed 10 percent of the total cannabis related building use area.
    6. Cultivation, maintenance, and harvest of plants for the sale or other commercial use.Day care facility serving any number of individuals.
    7. Processing, or storage and stockpiling of sand, gravel, stone or other raw material.
    8. Greenhouses (commercial).
    9. Gas stations.
    10. Hazardous chemicals (processing/storage).
    11. Heliport.
    12. Junkyards, wrecking yards or auto salvage yards.
    13. Meat and butcher shops and cold storage lockers.
    14. Meat processing plants.
    15. Municipal or other governmental administration or service buildings, police and fire stations, not including cannabis cultivators, and post office stations.
    16. Other industrial uses of the same general character as listed in subsection (b).
    17. Outdoor nurseries and tree farms.
    18. Public service structures including power substations, gas regulator stations, sewage disposal plant, elevated tanks and water works.
    19. Recyclable materials processing.
    20. Restaurants.
    21. Truck stops.
  5. Height, yard, area, lot width and lot coverage regulations. Height, yard, area, lot width and lot coverage regulations in the I-2 district are as follows:
    1. Height regulations. No building shall hereafter be erected to exceed 75 feet in height.
    2. Front yard regulations.
      1. There shall be a front yard having a depth of not less than 25 feet except as otherwise provided in this section.
      2. There shall be a front yard having a depth of 35 feet on a lot or plot that abuts a thoroughfare as shown on the adopted city thoroughfares plan, except that an 80-foot setback shall be required when the council determines that a service road is necessary.
    3. Side yard regulations.
      1. There shall be two side yards, one on each side of a building, each having a width of not less than ten feet.
      2. No building shall be located within 20 feet of any rear lot line abutting a lot in any of the classes of residence districts.
    4. Rear yard regulations.
      1. There shall be a rear yard having a depth of not less than 25 percent of the lot depth or a maximum required rear yard of 25 feet.
    5. Lot coverage regulations. There are no lot coverage regulations.
  6. General regulations. Additional regulations in the I-2 general industrial business district are set forth in article VI of this chapter.

(Code 1976, § 11.17; Ord. No. 443, § 3, 11-6-2000; Ord. No. 590 2nd series, § 1, 2-19-2008; Ord. No. 606 2nd series, § 2, 3-10-2009; Ord. No. 622 2nd series, § 1, 7-27-2010; Ord. No. 655 2nd series, § 1, 5-22-2012; Ord. No. 685, § 1, 1-28-2014; Ord. No. 694 2nd series, § 1, 5-12-2015; Ord. No. 719 2nd series, § 2, 5-9-2017; Ord. No. 753 2nd series, §§ 1, 2, 7-28-2020)

Cross reference(s)—Businesses, ch. 22.

HISTORY
Amended by Ord. 24-008 on 5/14/2024
Amended by Ord. 24-025 on 12/10/2024
Amended by Ord. 25-007 on 7/22/2025
Amended by Ord. 25-012 on 9/23/2025

24-025

25-007

24-007

24-023

24-012

25-012

23-011

23-027

24-008