The purpose of this article is to provide regulations and standards for off-street parking and loading facilities with the intent to provide off-street parking areas, minimize traffic hazards and congestion, and mitigate impacts on surrounding properties.

The following standards shall apply to any new construction, alteration, moving of a structure, or any new or more intense use of property. The number of off-street parking spaces, as hereinafter set forth, shall be provided for all allowed uses in any district. A greater number of spaces may be required in any application involving conditional use approval.

1. DESIGN OF PARKING AREAS
   1. All parking areas shall be designed and constructed to provide the type and number of off-street parking spaces required by this Chapter.
   2. All parking spaces required by this Article shall be located on the same property as the use for which parking is required.
   3. Handicap accessible parking spaces shall be provided in accordance with the Americans With Disabilities Act.
      
      Table 1. Required Automobile Width and Stall Length by Parking Angle
      

      A	B	C	D	E	F
      Parking Angle	Stall Width	Curb Length	Stall Depth	1-way Driving Aisle	2-way Driving Aisle
      0°	9'-0"	23'-0"	9'-0"	12'-0"	25'-0"
      30°	9'-0"	18'-0"	17'-8"	11'-0"	25'-0"
      45°	9'-0"	12'-9"	20'-5"	13'-0"	25'-0"
      60°	9'-0"	10'-5"	21'-10"	16'-0"	25'-0"
      90°	9'-0"	9'-0"	20'-0"	22'-0"	25'-0"

      
      Figure 1. Legend for Required Automobile Stall Dimensions by Parking Angle
2. IMPROVEMENTS
   1. All permanent off-street parking areas shall be improved with a compacted gravel base, not less than four (4) inches thick, surfaced with asphaltic concrete or some other comparable solid, hard all-weather dustless material.
   2. All permanent off-street parking areas shall be provided with a substantial wheel restraint to prevent automobiles from encroaching upon abutting private and public property or overhanging beyond the designated parking stall dimensions.
   3. Parking spaces and access lanes shall be marked including handicapped symbols and signs.
      

The minimum number of required off-street parking spaces shall be as set forth in the table below. Where the standards require a fractional space, the next larger whole number shall be the number of spaces required. When more than one (1) standard is provided, the standard that results in the greatest number of required parking spaces shall apply.

The number and design of accessible handicap automobile parking spaces shall be in accord with the Americans with Disabilities Act.

Upon any change of use, the number of automobile parking spaces to be provided shall be calculated according to the requirement of this chapter for the new use. For the purposes of this chapter, a change of use shall include, but not be limited to, an expansion, alteration, or change in occupancy resulting in a more intense use of a site, such as additional dwelling units, gross floor area, seating capacity, or other unit of measurement specified as a standard in the following table.

The minimum number of required automobile parking spaces shall be provided and continuously maintained.

No parking area or space provided, as required by this chapter, shall later be eliminated, reduced, or converted in any manner unless other equivalent facilities are provided.

1. Gross floor area shall be the measure of total square footage of habitable space of a structure.
2. For fixed bench seating, one (1) seat shall mean twenty-four (24) inches of linear length of bench.
3. The number of employees shall be based on employees present during the largest shift.
   
   Table 2. Required Parking Space by Use

   Use	Required Number of Automobile Spaces
   Agricultural use	1 per 2 employees
   Aircraft landing field	1 per 2 employees
   Amusement or recreation facility, indoor	1 per 200 square feet of gross floor area
   Amusement or recreation facility, outdoor	1 per 8 seats
   Animal clinic, animal hospital, or veterinary office	1 per 500 square feet of gross floor area
   Asphalt or concrete ready-mix plant	1 per 2 employees
   Auction establishment, outdoor	1 per 8 seats
   Automobile or recreational vehicle service	1 per service bay
   Automobile, major repair	1 per service bay
   Bank	1 per 500 square feet of gross floor area
   Bed and breakfast establishment	1 per 2 sleeping rooms + 1 for owner’s dwelling
   Boarding house/Short-term rentals	1 per 1 sleeping rooms
   Bowling	2 per lane
   Cemetery	1 per 2 employees
   Church	1 per 8 seats in main sanctuary
   Clinic, medical (excluding animal or veterinary)	1 per 500 square feet of gross floor area
   Club, lodge, or social hall	1 per 200 square feet of gross floor area
   Contractor's yard or shop	1 per 1,000 square feet of gross floor area
   Day care facility	1 per 2 employees
   Day care home, group	1 per 2 employees
   Drug and/or alcohol treatment facility	1 per 2 beds + 1 per 2 employees
   Dwelling, accessory attached or detached	1 1/2 per dwelling
   Dwelling, multi-family	1 per dwelling unit
   Dwelling, single family detached	2 per dwelling unit
   Golf course	2 per hole
   Golf course country club	1 per 200 square feet of gross floor area
   Golf driving range	1 per 2 driving stations
   Grain elevator	1 per 2 employees
   Home occupation	1 per dwelling
   Hospital	1 per 2 beds
   Hotel and motel	1 per 1 sleeping rooms
   Laundromat	1 per 500 square feet of gross floor area
   Mortuary	1 per 200 square feet of gross floor area
   Movie theater	1 per 8 seats
   Nursery, retail	1 per 1,200 square feet of gross floor area
   Nursery, wholesale	1 per 4,000 square feet of gross floor area
   Office building	1 per 500 square feet of gross floor area
   Outdoor storage	1 per 2 employees
   Personal, business, or professional service	1 per 500 square feet of gross floor area
   Power plant	1 per 1,000 square feet of gross floor area
   Processing plant for agricultural or dairy products	1 per 1,000 square feet of gross floor area
   Product fabrication, assembly, or packaging	1 per 1,000 square feet of gross floor area
   Public or quasi-public use publicly owned buildings	1 per 600 square feet of gross floor area
   Public recreation facility, open space	4 per acre
   Public recreation facility, structure	1 per 8 fixed seats
   Public utility and infrastructure facility	1 per employees
   Recreational vehicle park	1 per space
   Recycling center	1 per 1,000 square feet of gross floor area
   Recycling plant	1 per 1,000 square feet of gross floor area
   Research and development facility	1 per 1,000 square feet of gross floor area
   Residential care facility	1 per 6 beds
   Restaurant or eating place	1 per 200 square feet of gross floor area
   Retail store, durable goods	1 per 1,200 square feet of gross floor area
   Retail store, other	1 per 500 square feet of gross floor area
   Roadside produce stand	1 per 200 square feet of gross floor area
   Sawmill or planning mill	1 per 1,000 square feet of gross floor area
   School, elementary, middle, junior high, and senior high	1 per 2 employees + 1 per 8 students
   School, public or private	1 per 2 employees + 1 per 12 students
   School, vocational or trade	1 per 4 students
   Shooting range, indoor or outdoor	1 per target and/or shooting station
   Slaughterhouse	1 per 1,000 square feet of gross floor area
   Stable, commercial	1 per 2 stable stalls
   Storage facility, self-service	1 per entrance to site
   Vehicle impound yard	1 per 2 employees + 1 per 4 acres
   Warehouse	1 per 4,000 square feet of gross floor area
   Winery	1 per 1,000 square feet of gross floor area

1. Any structure having a gross floor area of five thousand (5,000) square feet or more, which shall be occupied by a commercial or industrial use, shall be required to provide, and maintain, at least one (1) off-street loading space. One (1) additional off-street loading space shall be required for each subsequent twenty thousand (20,000) square feet of gross floor area (e.g. Twenty-five thousand (25,000) square feet, forty-five thousand (45,000) square feet, etc.).
2. Each loading space shall be no less than ten (10) feet in width and thirty (30) feet in length and shall have fourteen (14) feet of vertical clearance.
3. Parking and loading areas shall be designed so vehicles shall not back out into the street.